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1.
本试验旨在研究不同稀释倍数和容器对蛋种鸡和肉种鸡精液品质的影响。分别采集45周龄海兰褐父母代蛋种公鸡和AA+父母代肉种公鸡精液,采用生理盐水对精液按照不同稀释比例进行等温及时稀释,蛋种鸡和肉种鸡采集的精液均分6组,每组设3个重复,原精液:生理盐水比例分别为1:0、1:1、1:5、1:10、1:50、1:100。保存精液的容器分别采用塑料集精管和玻璃集精管,精液稀释后立即检测精子活力以及畸形率。结果表明,蛋种鸡、肉种鸡精液稀释倍数1:50和1:100组比较,精子活力和畸形率均无显著差异(P>0.05);相同稀释倍数下,塑料集精管和玻璃集精管比较,精子活力和畸形率亦均无显著差异(P>0.05);稀释倍数为1:0、1:1、1:5、1:10的精液,精液密度过大无法检测。结论:海兰褐壳父母代种鸡和AA+父母代肉种鸡的新鲜精液,便于进行精液品质镜检的适宜稀释倍数为原精液:稀释液≥1:50,精液短时间保存集精管采用玻璃及塑料材质均可。 相似文献
2.
【目的】探究不同品种、采精季节和采精月龄对法系公猪精液品质的影响,比较不同品种公猪精液的常温保存效果。【方法】选取278头法系杜洛克猪、长白猪和大白猪为试验对象,收集某种公猪站2021年17 960条精液记录数据,采用一般线性模型与方差分析探究品种、采精季节和采精月龄对精液体积、精液密度、精子活力及总精子数的影响;同时于夏季从各品种中分别选取15份精子活力≥90%、前向性运动≥80%精液,稀释后进行为期7 d的常温保存试验,比较不同品种公猪精液常温保存效果。【结果】长白猪精液体积、总精子数均显著高于杜洛克猪和大白猪(P<0.05),杜洛克猪精液密度显著高于长白猪和大白猪(P<0.05),精子活力显著低于长白猪和大白猪(P<0.05)。随着常温保存时间的延长,各品种公猪精液精子活力和前向性运动逐渐降低,其中长白猪精液在夏季常温保存效果最好,杜洛克猪最差。各品种公猪精液体积在秋、冬季均显著高于春、夏季(P<0.05),总精子数春、冬季均显著高于夏、秋季(P<0.05),精液密度在春季显著高于其他季节(P<0.05),各品种公猪精子活力均在冬季最高、夏季最... 相似文献
3.
为探讨獭兔精液冷冻保存适宜的平衡时间,将精液稀释后分别平衡30 min、60 min、90 min、120 min后装管,并进行冷冻保存,解冻后分析精子活率、畸形率、质膜完整率和顶体完整率四个指标.结果表明,平衡60min时冻后精子活率（0.30）显著高于30 min（0.15）、90 min（0.21）和120 min（0.15） （P＜0.05）;畸形率显著低于30min（16.16％ vs26.23％）（P＜0.05）,但与其他各组差异不显著（P＞0.05）;平衡30 min、60 min时精子质膜完整率显著高于120min（83.05％、81.79％ vs74.79％） （P＜0.05）,与90 min差异不显著（83.05％、81.79％ vs78.63％）（P＞0.05）;不同平衡时间组精子顶体完整率差异均不显著（P＞0.05）.综合分析表明,獭兔精液在冷冻时适宜的平衡时间为60 min. 相似文献
4.
《中国畜牧兽医文摘》2015,(2)
<正>为探讨獭兔精液冷冻保存适宜的平衡时间,将精液稀释后分别平衡30min、60min、90min、120min后装管,并进行冷冻保存,解冻后分析精子活率、畸形率、质膜完整率和顶体完整率四个指标。结果表明,平衡60min时冻后精子活率(0.30)显著高于30 min(0.15)、90min(0.21)和120 min(0.15)(P0.05);畸形率显著低于30min(16.16%vs26.23%)(P0.05),但与其他各组差异 相似文献
5.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(11)
本实验旨在探讨肉种鸡和蛋种鸡的适宜精液稀释液配方。选择8只55周龄AA+父母代肉种公鸡和8只海兰褐父母代蛋种公鸡,采集8只空腹肉种公鸡的精液,将其混匀后的精液等量分为5组,每组设3个重复,蛋种公鸡处理方法相同。1～5组分别采用5种常温稀释液稀释150倍,其中1组稀释液组成为11.00%蔗糖+0.80%卵黄+88.20%蒸馏水,2组为2.40%谷氨酸钠+97.60%蒸馏水,3组为0.75%果糖+1.50%谷氨酸钠+0.60%柠檬酸钠+0.05%硫酸镁+97.1%蒸馏水,4组为1.0%果糖+1.90%谷氨酸钠+0.13%柠檬酸钠+0.86%醋酸钠+96.11%蒸馏水,5组为0.90%氯化钠+99.10%蒸馏水。精液稀释后保存15min,检测精子活力以及畸形率。结果显示:在肉种鸡和蛋种鸡精液中,1组精子活率均最高,高于2～5组(P<0.05或0.01),2组和4组极显著高于3组和5组;肉种鸡精液中,1、2、3、5组的精子畸形率均低于4组(P<0.05或0.01),2组精子畸形率最低,但与1、3、5组间无显著差异;蛋种鸡精液中,1组的精子畸形率最低,4组最高,1、2、3、5组极显著低于4组,1、2组显著低于5组。综上可知,采用1组稀释液37.5℃恒温保存15min种公鸡的精液品质最好,其次是2组。 相似文献
6.
为了完善中国南方地区鸡场公鸡精液的保存技术、提高精液的利用率，本试验研究了在低温（4 ℃）保存的条件下，不同的保存时间（0、4、8、24 h）、不同的稀释液配方（原精液、配方Ⅰ和配方Ⅱ）对精液的精子活力变化以及人工输精繁殖效果的影响。选用33周龄黄鸡母鸡192只、公鸡42只，192只母鸡依笼号分为12组（3种处理精液×4个保存时间），每组16只母鸡，公鸡不分组。统一采精后用两种不同稀释液稀释、低温（4 ℃）保存至0、4、8、24 h后观察精子活力，并对母鸡输精，分组收集鸡蛋，对各组受精率、出雏率、健雏率进行比较分析，以原精液低温保存作为对照。结果显示，两种稀释液组的精子低温（4 ℃）保存4、8、24 h，其精子活力极显著高于原精液组（P<0.01），配方Ⅱ组精子的活力高于配方Ⅰ组（P>0.05）；两种配方稀释液组的精液低温（4 ℃）保存4 h，输精受精率高于原精液组（P<0.05）；两种配方稀释液组的精液在低温（4 ℃）保存8 h，输精受精率极显著高于原精液组（P<0.01）。表明这两种精液稀释液更有利于精液保存，经稀释后的精液可以显著提高受精率，可为中国南方鸡场种公鸡精液保存技术的完善提供有力的数据支撑。 相似文献
7.
《中国畜牧兽医》2020,(6)
为了完善中国南方地区鸡场公鸡精液的保存技术、提高精液的利用率,本试验研究了在低温(4℃)保存的条件下,不同的保存时间(0、4、8、24 h)、不同的稀释液配方(原精液、配方Ⅰ和配方Ⅱ)对精液的精子活力变化以及人工输精繁殖效果的影响。选用33周龄黄鸡母鸡192只、公鸡42只,192只母鸡依笼号分为12组(3种处理精液×4个保存时间),每组16只母鸡,公鸡不分组。统一采精后用两种不同稀释液稀释、低温(4℃)保存至0、4、8、24 h后观察精子活力,并对母鸡输精,分组收集鸡蛋,对各组受精率、出雏率、健雏率进行比较分析,以原精液低温保存作为对照。结果显示,两种稀释液组的精子低温(4℃)保存4、8、24 h,其精子活力极显著高于原精液组(P0.01),配方Ⅱ组精子的活力高于配方Ⅰ组(P0.05);两种配方稀释液组的精液低温(4℃)保存4 h,输精受精率高于原精液组(P0.05);两种配方稀释液组的精液在低温(4℃)保存8 h,输精受精率极显著高于原精液组(P0.01)。表明这两种精液稀释液更有利于精液保存,经稀释后的精液可以显著提高受精率,可为中国南方鸡场种公鸡精液保存技术的完善提供有力的数据支撑。 相似文献
8.
冷冻速率和解冻温度对猪精液冷冻效果的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为优化冷冻和解冻方法,提高冷冻效果,本试验比较了不同冷冻速率(-100 ℃ 10 min、-120 ℃ 10 min、-140 ℃ 10 min)和不同解冻温度(37 ℃ 30 s、45 ℃ 30 s、52 ℃ 30 s、60 ℃ 30 s)对猪精液冷冻效果的影响。结果表明,采用-120 ℃熏蒸10 min,解冻后精子活力为0.36,质膜完整率和顶体完整率也优于其他2组,且差异显著(P<0.05)。采用37 ℃ 30 s方法解冻,精子活力、质膜完整率显著高于其他3组,顶体完整率也高于其他3组,但差异不显著(P>0.05),其畸形率最低和60 ℃ 30 s组差异明显(P<0.05),但与45 ℃ 30 s组和52 ℃ 30 s组差异不显著(P>0.05)。因此,采用-120 ℃平衡10 min冷冻,37 ℃ 30 s水浴解冻方法更为适合0.25 mL细管猪冻精解冻。 相似文献
9.
【目的】研究采精员、猪舍温湿度、氨气浓度和光照强度对种公猪精液品质的影响,以提高猪精液品质。【方法】选取347头(580±48) d的杜洛克公猪,收集2021年11月至2022年2月共2 966条精液测定记录,采精员做好每天公猪的采精记录,猪舍温湿度、氨气浓度和光照强度参数于每天上午09:00进行测定。使用R软件对采精员记录、环境参数和精液性状进行关联分析。【结果】(1)采精员对精液品质具有显著影响(P<0.05),8号采精员采集的精液精子活力最高、精子畸形率最低。(2)猪舍环境温度为22～25℃时,精子活力显著高于18.5～22℃(P<0.05),精子畸形率显著低于18.5～22℃(P<0.05)。(3)相对湿度在70%～77%时精子活力最高、精子畸形率最低,与相对湿度在46%～60%时差异显著(P<0.05),与相对湿度在60%～70%时无显著差异(P>0.05),相对湿度在60%～70%时精子活力、精子畸形率和总精子数都处于较高水平。(4)随着氨气浓度降低,精子活力和总精子数呈现上升趋势、精子畸形率呈下降趋势,氨气浓度2～4 ppm与5～7.3 pp... 相似文献
10.
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2016,(20)
为建立黑丝羽乌骨鸡精液合适的冷冻保存程序,选择16只35周龄黑丝羽乌骨鸡公鸡,采集单只公鸡精液,从精液稀释基础液BPSE(Beltsville Poultry Semen Extender)、Lake’s与FEB、加入冷冻保护剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)后平衡时间和细管离液氮面的距离等方面研究冻精解冻后精子活力。结果表明:1)3种稀释液的效果依次为BPSE、Lake’s与FEB,前两者差异不显著,但BPSE液显著高于FEB液(P0.05);2)平衡1 min和10 min组的活力显著高于平衡20 min、30 min组(P0.05);3)离液氮面1 cm和2 cm组的活力显著高于离液氮面3 cm和4 cm组(P0.05)。 相似文献
11.
G. N. Isitor H. M. Kazeem C. O. Njoku D. S. Adegboye H. D. Dellmann 《Tropical animal health and production》1988,20(1):2-10
Summary By combined electron microscopical and serological methods the rate of involvement of pox virions within lesions of bovine natural dermatophilosis was determined. Scabby lesions of 40 (77%) out of a total of 52 cases were positive for the virions, while sera of all infected animals which reacted positively for pox viral antibodies (LSD) was significantly higher (P<0·001) in comparison to those of healthy-appearing animals. The virions in all cases had a uniform oval to cylindrical morphology with a mean measurement of 110 × 280 nm. A synergistic interplay involving the initiation of the scabby lesions by the virions and their subsequent trapping within keratin deposits, followed by their release through the keratolytic activity ofDermatophilus congolensis appear to have obtained in cases.
Frecuencia Del Compromiso De Viriones Pox En Lesiones De Dermatiofilosis Bovina
Resumen Se determinó la tasa del compromiso de viriones pox, con lesiones de dermatofilosis bovina natural, mediante la combinación de microscopía electrónica y serológica. Cuarenta lesiones costrosas (77%) de un total de 52 casos fueron positivas a viriones, mientras que el suero de todos los animales infectados que reaccionaron positivamente para anticuerpos pox (LSD) fueron significativamente más altos (P<0.001) en comparación a aquellos de animales aparentemente sanos. Los viriones en todos los casos tuvieron una morfología uniforme, de oval a cilíndrica con una media de 110 × 280 nm. Se obtuvo un sinergismo recíproco que involucró la iniciación de las lesiones costrosas por los viriones, los cuales quedaron atrapados subsecuentemente en los depósitos de queratina, seguido de la liberación de los mismos a través de la acción queratolítica delDermatophilus congolensis.
Frequence De La Participation De Virions Pox Dans Les Lesions De Dermatophilose Bovine
Résumé Par utilisation combinée de méthodes sérologiques et de microscopie électronique, on a pu déterminer la fréquence de participation de virions pox dans les lésions de dermatophilose bovine naturelle. Les lésions croûteuses de 40 (77%) cas sur 52 ont été positives pour les virions, tandis que les sérums de tous les animaux qui réagissent positivement pour les anticorps antiviraux pox (LSD) sont significativement supérieurs (P<0,001) comparés à ceux des animaux apparemment en bonne santé. Dans tous les cas, les virions ont une morphologie uniforme ovale à cylindrique, avec une taille moyenne de 110 × 280 nm. On a pu obtenir dans certains cas une interaction synergique, mettant en jeu l'initiation de lésions croûteuses par les virions et leur piégeage ultérieur dans les dépôts kératinisés, suivi de leur relargage dû à l'activité kératinolytique deDermatophilus congolensis.相似文献
12.
M.A.S. Jones Dip.Agric B.V.Sc. Dip.Microbiol. Ph.D. A.D. Shannon B.V.Sc Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):86-90
Abstract Extract The results of the 1965–6 New Zealand national mastitis survey (Anon., 1967) indicated that β-haemolytic staphylococci were the most common bacteria isolated from the milk of dairy cows. Effective control of β-haemolytic stapyhlococci on a national scaledepends ultimately upon an understanding of population changes of this organism within the cow and within the herd. 相似文献
13.
Effects of considering the comminution rate (kc) and the correction of microbial contamination (using 15N techniques) of particles in the rumen on estimates of ruminally undegraded fractions and their intestinal digestibility were examined generating composite samples (from rumen‐incubated residues) representative of the undegraded feed rumen outflow. The study used sunflower meal (SFM) and Italian ryegrass hay (RGH) and three rumen and duodenum cannulated wethers fed with a 40:60 RGH to concentrate diet (75 g DM/kgBW0.75). Transit studies up to the duodenum with Yb‐SFM and Eu‐RGH marked samples showed higher kc values (/h) in SFM than in RGH (0.577 vs. 0.0892, p = 0.034), whereas similar values occurred for the rumen passage rate (kp). Estimates of ruminally undegraded and intestinal digestibility of all tested fractions decreased when kc was considered and also applying microbial correction. Thus, microbial uncorrected kp‐based proportions of intestinal digested undegraded crude protein overestimated those corrected and kc?kp‐based by 39% in SFM (0.146 vs. 0.105) and 761% in RGH (0.373 vs. 0.0433). Results show that both kc and microbial contamination correction should be considered to obtain accurate in situ estimates in grasses, whereas in protein concentrates not considering kc is an important source of error. 相似文献
14.
J.S. Ahluwalia B.V.Sc. M.S. Ph.D. W.A.G. Charleston B.V.Sc. Ph.D. M.R.C.V.S. M.A.C.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(12):237-238
Abstract Extract Although exsheathment of the infective larvae of many strongylate nematode parasites of ruminants has been studied (Rogers, 1966), that of Cooperia curticei larvae has not. By analogy with other trichostrongylid species inhabiting the small intestine, they would be expected to exsheath in response to conditions provided by the abomasum, perhaps, as with Trichostrongylus colubriformis, with a potentiating effect of bile salts in the small intestine (Mapes, 1972). It was decided to see if C. curticei larvae exsheathed as expected; no attempt was made to define precisely the conditions necessary for exsheathment but rather to establish the site at which the stimulus is received. 相似文献
15.
The relative virulence of various strains of Moraxella bovis (M. bovis) was studied using the eyes of mice and cattle. The investigation consisted of three separate experiments. Experiments I and II involved a study on the effects of (1) different methods of growth and (2) serial blood agar passaging on the virulence of M. bovis. Experiment III involved a study on the relative virulence of different strains of M. bovis and M. bovis-like organisms.
Strains of M. bovis and M. bovis-like organisms varied in their pathogenicity for mice. However, different methods for preparation of exposure cultures of M. bovis did not influence the disease produced.
相似文献16.
《The Professional Animal Scientist》1999,15(2):116-123
Feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, and diet composition data were collected from a survey of finishing steer experiments (40 experiments; 347 kg average initial weight; data excluded Holstein steers). Data were analyzed by weighted (observations/mean) analyses of variance to determine effects of protein intake and implanting strategy on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Implanting strategies were defined according to prevalent or last implant type used: no implant (None); medium-potency implants (Medium): zeranol 72 mg per dose, steroid-based implants (Synovex-S or Compudose) or trenbolone acetate (TBA) alone; high-potency implants (High): TBA in combination with either steroids or zeranol. Regression procedures were utilized to estimate CP and DIP, or MP requirements. Implant effects were independent (P>0.60) of dietary protein effects and included faster (P<0.05) gains at higher intakes (P<0.05) that resulted in improved (P<0.05) feed efficiencies. Steers responded to higher dietary CP (13.3 vs 11.4%) by increasing intake (P<0.05) which resulted in faster (P<0.05) and more efficient (P=0.09) gains. Compared to nonimplanted steers, implanted steers had heavier (P<0.05) carcasses with larger (P<0.05) ribeyes and lower (P<0.05) marbling scores. Nonimplanted steers fed 13.3% CP diets had heavier (P<0.05) carcasses than nonimplanted steers fed 11.4% CP diets. Maintenance MP requirements of nonimplanted steers were greater than those of implanted steers and similar to established MP requirements. Diets of steers implanted with high-potency implants must be supplemented to contain more than 7.5 g MP/kg BW0.75/d, especially at heavy (>450 kg) initial BW, to maximize implant response. Implanted steers have a greater ability to respond to increased dietary protein because of reduced protein requirements for maintenance. 相似文献
17.
对10个青贮玉米品种自然发病情况进行调查,并采用病级分类方法对抗病性分类。结果表明:对锈病表现抗性和中抗的品种有3个和5个,分别占供试品种的30%和50%;对大斑病表现抗性和中抗的品种有4个和5个,分别占供试品种的40%和50%;对褐斑病表现抗性和中抗的品种有6个和3个,分别占供试品种的60%和30%;对小斑病表现抗性和中抗的品种有6个和3个,分别占供试品种的60%和30%。多数品种对青贮玉米4种病害抗性表现较好,可从青贮玉米供试材料中选用优良抗病材料用于四川地区种植。 相似文献
18.
分别利用筛选出的多态性高、谱带清晰的8条ISSR标记和18对SRAP标记对海南岛69份红毛丹种质资源进行PCR扩增,8条ISSR引物共检测到425个多态性条带,其中品种(系)特异条带47个,平均位点多态性信息含量(PIC)值为0.928,可鉴别的种质资源数25～67份;18对SRAP引物共检测到894个多态性条带,其中品种(系)特异条带69个,平均位点多态性信息含量(PIC)值为0.936,可区分的种质资源数为17～63份。综合各项指标利用ISSR16和ISSR5引物21个条带用于构建红毛丹种质DNA指纹图谱,该图谱可有效区分69份红毛丹种质资源。同时该DNA指纹图谱还可为下一步红毛丹种质资源鉴定、利用、品种权保护和分子育种等提供了理论依据。 相似文献
19.
Activation of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) leads to the formation of superoxide, which is in turn dismutated to H2O2 by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and is partly responsible for oxygen-dependent microbicidal activity. However, no comparative information is available on the effect of SOD inhibition before PMN activation to allow simulation of the SOD defects that are known to occur in some ruminants. This paper attempts to examine the degranulative and phagocytic responses in buffalo, cattle and goat PMNs exposed to diethyldithiocarbamate, a known SOD inhibitor. The activity of glutathione peroxidase and reductase was increased in the presence of SOD inhibitor. On activation, H2O2 production increased significantly (p<0.01), while SOD inhibition before the activation of PMNs caused a significant decline in the production of H2O2 (p<0.05) in all the species studied. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the phagocytosis of Candida albicans spores by buffalo PMNs activated with opsonized zymosan. Activation of bovine PMNs after exposure to the SOD inhibitor resulted in a significant decline (p<0.05) in phagocytic activity; in the other species, the two values only approached significance. Among the activators, opsonized zymosan caused a significant increase in phagocytic activity as compared to lipopolysaccharide, particularly in the PMNs of buffaloes (p<0.05). Increased fungicidal activity (p<0.05) occurred with opsonized zymosan-activated PMNs of all the species studied. The fungicidal activity was found to decline in PMNs exposed to SOD inhibitor before activation (p<0.05). Interestingly, the phagocytic activity of caprine PMNs was found to be lower than that of PMNs from cattle (p<0.05). 相似文献
20.
Jianzhong Wang Jicheng Qiu Hongzhi Xiao Xiaohui Gong Pan Sun Jing Li Suxia Zhang Xingyuan Cao 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(4):364-368
The pharmacokinetic properties of three formulations of vitacoxib were investigated in horses. To describe plasma concentrations and characterize the pharmacokinetics, 6 healthy adult Chinese Mongolian horses were administered a single dose of 0.1 mg/kg bodyweight intravenous (i.v.), oral paste, or oral tablet vitacoxib in a 3-way, randomized, parallel design. Blood samples were collected prior to and at various times up to 72 hr postadministration. Plasma vitacoxib concentrations were quantified using UPLC-MS/MS, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. No complications resulting from the vitacoxib administration were noted on subsequent administrations, and all procedures were tolerated well by the horses throughout the study. The elimination half-life (T1/2λz) was 4.24 ± 1.98 hr (i.v.), 8.77 ± 0.91 hr (oral paste), and 8.12 ± 4.24 hr (oral tablet), respectively. Maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 28.61 ± 9.29 ng/ml (oral paste) and 19.64 ± 9.26 ng/ml (oral tablet), respectively. Area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUClast) was 336 ± 229 ng hr/ml (i.v.), 221 ± 94 ng hr/ml (oral paste), and 203 ± 139 ng hr/ml, respectively. The results showed statistically significant differences between the 2 oral vitacoxib groups in Tmax value. T1/2λz (hr), AUClast (ng hr/ml), and MRT (hr) were significantly different between i.v. and oral groups. The longer half-life observed following oral administration was consistent with the flip-flop phenomenon. 相似文献