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一株弗氏柠檬酸杆菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为确定导致罗非鱼患病的原因,本试验对濒临死亡的罗非鱼进行无菌解剖,从心脏部位分离得到1株细菌,通过形态学观察、生理生化鉴定和16SrDNA分析,确定菌株为弗氏柠檬酸杆菌(Citrobacter freundii)。药敏试验结果显示,该菌株具有很强的多重耐药性,测试的20种药物中,该菌株对恩诺沙星、青霉素等13种药物具有完全耐药性,仅对头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢拉定、哌拉西林、舒巴坦5种药物敏感。人工感染试验结果显示,该菌对草鱼、黄颡鱼、罗非鱼、禾花鲤具有较强的致病性。本试验结果阐明了罗非鱼患病的原因,同时在养殖过程中可指导养殖户合理用药。 相似文献
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一株弗氏柠檬酸杆菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为确定导致罗非鱼患病的原因，本试验对濒临死亡的罗非鱼进行无菌解剖，从心脏部位分离得到1株细菌，通过形态学观察、生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA分析，确定菌株为弗氏柠檬酸杆菌（Citrobacter freundii）。药敏试验结果显示，该菌株具有很强的多重耐药性，测试的20种药物中，该菌株对恩诺沙星、青霉素等13种药物具有完全耐药性，仅对头孢曲松、头孢他啶、头孢拉定、哌拉西林、舒巴坦5种药物敏感。人工感染试验结果显示，该菌对草鱼、黄颡鱼、罗非鱼、禾花鲤具有较强的致病性。本试验结果阐明了罗非鱼患病的原因，同时在养殖过程中可指导养殖户合理用药。 相似文献
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《中国预防兽医学报》2019,(3)
为确定河北省某牛场牛细菌病的病原,本研究从采集的发病牛鼻腔拭子样品中分离到1株细菌,并对其进行常规形态学观察、生化鉴定、16S rDNA基因序列测定、动物致病性试验及药物敏感试验。结果显示,该分离菌株与腔隙莫拉菌的同源性为97.6%,系统发育进化分析显示其与腔隙莫拉菌位于同一进化分支;该菌株对小白鼠具有一定的致病性,将其命名为Mor QHD-1。西药药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株Mor QHD-1对氨苄西林、环丙沙星、阿米卡星等敏感;对磺胺间甲氧嘧啶、复方新诺明、磺胺二甲氧嘧啶耐药;中药药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株Mor QHD-1对苏木、诃子、乌梅、黄柏、五味子、黄连、五倍子极敏感;苏木、诃子、乌梅、黄柏、五味子、黄连、五倍子对该菌的最小抑菌浓度在1.95 mg/mL～31.25 mg/mL之间,最小杀菌浓度在3.91 mg/m L～62.5 mg/mL之间;本研究在国内首次分离到牛源腔隙莫拉菌,为进一步研究腔隙莫拉菌的致病机制、耐药机制及其跨物种传播奠定了基础。 相似文献
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肺炎克雷伯氏菌为革兰氏阴性菌,是重要的条件性致病菌和医源性感染菌之一,也是引起奶牛乳房炎的重要病原菌。本研究对30份奶牛乳房炎乳样进行了病原菌的分离鉴定,并对分离菌进行药物敏感试验;结果表明,本次共分离肺炎克雷伯氏菌3株,遗传进化树关系显示分离菌株KP1、KP3与CP031810株、CP031562株、CP032185株亲缘关系较近,分离株KP2则相对较远。药物敏感试验结果显示,3株分离株均对阿莫西林、头孢他啶、头孢曲松耐药,对链霉素、庆大霉素表现敏感,分离菌株KP1和KP3对青霉素表现中度敏感,菌株KP2则表现耐药。本研究为奶牛场针对该菌的防控提供了基础数据。 相似文献
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从四川省某自然保护区2014年5月送检的一只死亡青年扭角羚的肝脏中分离到1株杆菌,并对该分离株进行了生化试验和药物敏感试验。菌株纯培养后,通过菌落PCR方法扩增16SrDNA,并测定PCR产物序列,结合16SrDNA测序结果及生化特性,确定该分离株的生物学分类,然后利用药物敏感试验确定了该菌的耐药情况。将该菌株16SrDNA测序结果在NCBI数据库中Blast同源性比较分析,发现它与弗格森埃希菌相似度超过99%,结合菌株生化试验结果,确定该菌株为弗格森埃希菌。药物敏感试验结果显示,此分离株对环丙沙星、氟苯尼考、头孢他啶、丁胺卡那等敏感,对氨苄西林耐药。 相似文献
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江苏某养殖场种鸭突然发生散发性死亡,为了探究其死亡原因,本研究通过临床解剖观察、病原分离、生化试验、药敏试验、雏鸭人工感染试验和致病性试验对分离菌株进行检测。结果显示该分离菌为革兰阴性短杆菌,在麦康凯培养基和LB培养基中呈现圆形灰白色菌落,在血琼脂培养基中呈现出β溶血;16S rRNA基因序列分析结果显示该菌为维氏气单胞菌(A.veronii);药敏结果显示该菌对头孢氨苄、氨苄西林等10种抗生素敏感;人工感染试验显示该菌可造成雏鸭的死亡;小鼠的致病性试验显示该菌对小鼠的LD50为5.0×10^6.5cfu。总之,本实验从病鸭中分离到1株A.veronii,并筛选出敏感药物,为A.veronii病的诊断和治疗提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2019,(8)
为确定某养殖场患病死亡狐狸的病原菌,本试验对病死狐狸进行剖检和细菌分离培养、生化鉴定以及16S rDNA鉴定、动物致病性试验和药敏试验。结果显示,分离菌株为革兰阳性球菌,经过生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列分析,确定分离菌株为小肠肠球菌,并命名为E.hirae QHD-1;动物回归试验结果显示,分离菌株E.hirae QHD-1对小鼠具有较强的致病性,LD_(50)为1.26×10~4 CFU;药敏试验结果显示,分离菌株E.hirae QHD-1对氨苄西林和恩诺沙星等药物敏感,对替米考星、阿米卡星等耐药;毒力因子检测结果显示,该分离株具有较强的致病力。毛皮动物小肠肠球菌的感染病例尚未见有报道,本试验丰富了狐狸病原菌相关的研究,并为防控该菌引起的疾病提供了重要参考资料。 相似文献
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为了确定黄颡鱼发病的原因,试验从患病黄颡鱼体内分离得到1株病原菌,命名为GDYM20160809,通过形态学观察、生理生化特性鉴定、16S rDNA分析及系统进化树构建等方法对分离菌进行鉴定,采用滤纸片扩散法对分离菌进行药敏试验。结果显示,该分离菌为革兰氏阴性短杆菌,PCR扩增其16S rDNA片段,经测序及BLAST比对,显示其与迟钝爱德华菌（Edwardsiella tarda）的同源性达100%,结合生理生化鉴定结果确定分离菌为迟钝爱德华菌。药敏试验结果显示,分离菌对磺胺类药物、头孢类药物、青霉素、复方新诺明等药物敏感,对磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠、新生霉素、多黏菌素B、阿米卡星、卡那霉素和万古霉素6种药物耐药;人工感染试验结果证实,菌株对罗非鱼、禾花鲤、草鱼和黄颡鱼都有很强的致病性。本试验结果为有效防控黄颡鱼细菌性疾病提供了理论依据,并可指导养殖户合理用药。 相似文献
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Kajihara M Matsuno K Simulundu E Muramatsu M Noyori O Manzoor R Nakayama E Igarashi M Tomabechi D Yoshida R Okamatsu M Sakoda Y Ito K Kida H Takada A 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2011,59(2-3):89-100
In 2010, an H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) was isolated from feces of apparently healthy ducks migrating southward in Hokkaido, the northernmost prefecture of Japan. The H5N1 HPAIVs were subsequently detected in domestic and wild birds at multiple sites corresponding to the flyway of the waterfowl having stopovers in the Japanese archipelago. The Hokkaido isolate was genetically nearly identical to H5N1 HPAIVs isolated from swans in the spring of 2009 and 2010 in Mongolia, but less pathogenic in experimentally infected ducks than the 2009 Mongolian isolate. These findings suggest that H5N1 HPAIVs with relatively mild pathogenicity might be selected and harbored in the waterfowl population during the 2009-2010 migration seasons. Our data provide "early warning" signals for preparedness against the unprecedented situation in which the waterfowl reservoirs serve as perpetual sources and disseminators of HPAIVs. 相似文献
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J C Williams 《Veterinary parasitology》1987,23(1-2):51-67
In order to determine the usefulness of the goat as a model host for Ostertagia ostertagi, a series of experiments was conducted in which young goats and calves were experimentally infected with L3 of calf-source and goat-source isolates. The goat-source isolate was derived from a continuous passage of the bovine parasite in goats. Patent infections resulted in 73 out of 86 inoculated goats (85%). The largest number of patent infections was observed when inoculation consisted of a single dose of goat-source larvae. Percent establishment of infection was generally low in goats inoculated with either larval source. Time taken to achieve patency in goats was frequently within the range normal for cattle infections, but was often extended (21-67 days). With the exception of the generally higher level of establishment of goat- or calf-source isolates in calves and the low frequency of the vulval flap in adult female worms established in goats, little difference was observed in percent establishment or worm population characteristics of the two isolates in goats as based on source of larval inoculum, inoculation course, and age of host at inoculation. Prolonged passage of infection in goats did not result in stabilized isolate more adapted to the goat or less adapted to calves. Fecal egg counts were generally minimal or negative in goats during the first 30 days of infection, but were often increased and not substantially lower than counts in calf infections after 60 or 90 days. Low level egg counts in goats were observed to persist for up to 17 months. During the spring of 2 years, goat kids grazed on a cattle pasture acquired O. ostertagi infections which included adult worms, but a larger number of early L4. The latter were presumed to be inhibited in development just as such inhibition occurs in cattle during spring. 相似文献
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为解决罗非鱼链球菌感染难题,本研究在抗菌肽菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌制剂的基础上,对其进行了抑菌活性、稳定性和罗非鱼养殖应用研究。结果发现:表达产物菌丝霉素对常见致病菌如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和猪链球菌均有较好的抑菌活性。选用米糠作为菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌的保护剂载体,此制剂可在常温保存一年。通过上述的应用基础试验,初步建立一套菌丝霉素分泌型丁酸梭菌制剂养殖应用方案,此方案可显著降低罗非鱼链球菌病发病率58.6%以上。本研究为丁酸梭菌制剂在防治罗非鱼链球菌病应用方面提供了参考,此制剂有望替代抗生素,促进罗非鱼养殖业的持续健康发展。 相似文献
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M. Rahmatullah M. Ariff M. Kahieshesfandiari H. M. Daud M. Zamri-Saad M. Y. Sabri 《Journal of aquatic animal health》2013,25(4):208-213
AbstractThis study describes the isolation and pathogenicity of Streptococcus iniae in cultured red hybrid tilapia (Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus × Mozambique Tilapia O. mossambicus) in Malaysia. The isolated gram-positive S. iniae appeared punctiform, transparently white, catalase and oxidase negative and produced complete β-hemolysis on blood agar, while a PCR assay resulted in the amplification of the 16 S rRNA gene and lactate oxidase encoded genes. The isolate was sensitive to tetracycline, vancomycin, and bacitracin but was resistant to streptomycin, ampicillin, penicillin, and erythromycin. Pathogenicity trials conducted in local red hybrid tilapia (mean ± SE = 20.00 ± 0.45 g) showed 90.0, 96.7, and 100.0% mortality within 14 d postinfection following intraperitoneal exposure to 104, 106, and 108 CFU/mL of the pathogen, respectively. The clinical signs included erratic swimming, lethargy, and inappetance at 6 h postinfection, while mortality was recorded at less than 24 h postinfection in all infected groups. The LD50-336 h of S. iniae against the red hybrid tilapia was 102 CFU/mL. The post mortem examinations revealed congested livers, kidneys, and spleens of the infected fish. This is the first report of S. iniae experimental infection in cultured red hybrid tilapia in Malaysia.Received January 20, 2017; accepted July 16, 2017 Published online October 11, 2017 相似文献
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Primiparous beef cows produced in 3 calving systems were used in a 2-yr study with a completely random design to measure milk yield throughout a 190-d lactation (2002, n = 20; 2003, n = 24 per calving system). Calving occurred in late winter (average calving date = February 4 +/- 2 d), early spring (average calving date = March 30 +/- 2 d), and late spring (average calving date = May 26 +/- 1 d). Additionally, cows used in this study had been weaned at varied ages as calves, creating 6 dam treatments. Dam age at weaning was 140 (late spring), 190 (late winter, early spring, late spring), or 240 (late winter, early spring) d of age. Milk production was measured by using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique at an average of 20, 38, 55, 88, 125, 163, and 190 d in milk. Milk yield for the 190-d lactation period was calculated as area under the curve by trapezoidal summation. Data were analyzed with a model containing treatment, year, and their interaction. Orthogonal contrasts were used to separate effects when treatment was significant (P < 0.10). Total milk yield did not differ (P = 0.42) between cows in the late winter and early spring systems, but cows in the late spring system tended to differ (P = 0.09) from the average of the other 2 systems. Cows in the late spring calving system had increased milk yield in 2002 and lesser milk yield in 2003 compared with the other calving systems (treatment x year interaction, P < 0.001). Cows born in late spring that had been weaned at 140 d of age produced more (P = 0.05) total milk than those weaned at 190 d of age. Peak milk yield was affected (P < 0.001) by treatment and showed a treatment x year interaction (P = 0.006). Day of peak lactation differed among treatments (P = 0.002), with cows in the late winter system peaking later (P = 0.007) than early spring cows, and late spring cows peaking earlier (P = 0.004) than the average of late winter and early spring cows. The average date of peak lactation was May 4 for the late winter system, May 31 for the early spring system, and July 19 for the late spring system. Calf ADG differed (P < 0.001) for the late spring system compared with the average of the late winter and early spring systems, but the relationship interacted with year (P < 0.001). Cow BW and BW change differed among treatments (P < 0.004), with much of the difference associated with the amount of milk produced or the timing of peak lactation. Season of calving affects milk yield of primiparous cows grazing Northern Great Plains rangelands and ADG of their calves. 相似文献
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封闭时间对模拟践踏的沟叶结缕草草坪质量的影响 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
在春季、梅雨季和盛夏季对践踏胁迫的沟叶结缕草草坪进行封闭15和30 d处理,研究封闭对践踏胁迫下沟叶结缕草草坪坪用性状的影响,结果表明,春季封闭显著提高了结缕草垂直高度和叶片长度(P<0.05),而梅雨和盛夏季封闭仅分别显著提高了草坪的垂直高度和叶片长度(P<0.05);春季封闭明显提高了草坪的密度和地上活生物量(P<0.05),封闭30和15 d的草坪密度分别比对照提高136.4%和40.3%,地上活生物量分别提高173.9%和42.0%;与盛夏季封闭相比,梅雨季节封闭更有助于减缓草坪密度下降的趋势,且地上活生物量在整个生长季几乎都大于盛夏季节封闭;垂直高度、叶片长度、草坪密度和地上活生物量,封闭30 d的效果均比15 d好;综合各项指标,阶段封闭措施对改善践踏胁迫下沟叶结缕草草坪的坪用质量效果显著,其中春季封闭的效果比梅雨季好,梅雨季比盛夏季好,封闭30 d的效果比15 d好. 相似文献
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DAA Oliveira CG Aleixo SA Prado RK Luz NLAF Sarmento EA Teixeira MR Luz EM Turra 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(6):1049-1055
Only a few studies have described hormonal treatments for induction of synchronicity and gamete collection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), both important for assortative matings in breeding programmes and essential for polyploidy technologies. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of carp pituitary extract (CPE), Nile tilapia pituitary extract (TPE), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) protocols on the induction of spawning and egg production in Nile tilapia. Among the hormonal treatments analysed, only hCG was effective for producing viable gametes for in vitro fertilization. To verify the viability of this hormonal treatment, hCG was tested using different doses (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 IU/kg) in a large number of females (208 animals) from two Nile tilapia lines. The results indicated that hCG doses between 1000 and 5000 IU/kg could be used to induce final oocyte maturation in Nile tilapia with collection of stripped oocytes. This is the first study to report differential reproductive responses to hormonal treatment between tilapia lines: line 1 was more efficient at producing eggs and post‐hatching larvae after hCG induction than line 2. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the hCG protocol may be applied on a large scale to induce final oocyte maturation in Nile tilapia. The development of a protocol for in vitro fertilization in Nile tilapia may aid in breeding programmes and biotechnological assays for the development of genetically modified lines of Nile tilapia. 相似文献