共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
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为研究硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂对泌乳期奶牛的安全性,试验选用12头健康泌乳奶牛(6头初产、6头经产),间隔12 h对每头奶牛的4个乳区分别注入硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂(规格:8 g:75 mg/支)1支,连续给药3次,比较观察给药前后奶牛的临床症状、体细胞数、日产奶量及乳区病原菌变化情况。结果显示,与给药前相比,给药期间及停药后奶牛的临床症状、体细胞数、日产奶量、乳区病原菌检测结果均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。表明硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂对泌乳期奶牛是安全的。 相似文献
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《中国兽药杂志》2015,49(6):38-44
为研究硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂对干乳期奶牛乳房炎的预防与治疗效果,试验选择100头临近干乳期的奶牛,随机分成5组进行临床疗效观察,其中I、II、III组分别给予高、中、低剂量的硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂(300、150、75 mg)治疗;IV组给予对照药物氨苄西林钠+氯唑西林钠乳房注入剂4.5 g(氨苄西林0.25 g+氯唑西林0.5 g)/支治疗;V组为空白对照组。间隔3周,各组随机选择10头奶牛以相同剂量追加一次用药。试验结果显示,高、中剂量硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂治疗干乳期奶牛乳房炎的头、乳区清除率均为75%~100%,头、乳区新增感染率分别为0~16%、0~7%;1次用药和2次用药对治疗奶牛乳房炎效果无显著性差异(P0.05)。综合比较后认为,每个乳区单次注入1支(3 g∶150 mg)硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂效果更好,能显著降低乳房内链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等的细菌感染率(P0.01),并能有效预防和治疗干乳期奶牛乳房炎。 相似文献
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选取临床型乳房炎患牛30头，分为3组，每组10头，试验组用酮洛芬注射液加硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂治疗，对照组用美洛昔康注射液加硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂治疗，阴性对照组用硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂治疗，比较患牛临床精神状况、乳房局部症状、乳汁性状，直肠温度、奶产量及体细胞数、病原菌清除率、治疗效果等。结果显示，试验组与对照组的各项指标相当，均好于阴性对照组，非甾体抗炎药与抗菌药物联合可更有效地恢复泌乳期奶牛的产奶性能，增加牧场的经济效益，该两组的治疗方法可在临床中推广使用。 相似文献
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建立了牛奶中硫酸头孢喹肟残留超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法(UPLC-MS/MS)。选取18头刚进入干乳期的健康奶牛,随机分为6个组,分别于预产期前的42、35、28、21、14和7 d进行乳房注入硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂(3 g∶150 mg/支),只用药一次,产犊后采集奶样。结果表明:预产期前7 d给药,奶牛产犊72 h后采集的奶样中头孢喹肟残留量降至MRL(20μg/kg)附近;预产期前14 d和21 d给药,奶牛产犊12 h后采集的奶样中头孢喹肟残留量降至MRL以下,均低于检测限;预产期前28、35和42 d给药,所有采集奶样的头孢喹肟残留量均低于检测限。建议在预产期前7、14和21 d给药硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂的弃奶期分别为产犊后5、1和0 d。 相似文献
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选取8头健康黑白花奶牛,每头牛随机选择两个乳区,以每个乳区1支(8g:75mg/支)的剂量进行单次乳房灌注给予硫酸头孢喹肟乳房注入剂。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)方法检测乳中头孢喹肟的浓度。结果表明,该制剂采用单次乳房灌注给药后,乳中药物能发挥较好抑菌效果的时间约为24～30小时,因此建议该制剂治疗奶牛临床型乳房炎的用药方案为：1支(8g:75mg)/(乳区.次),每天给药1次。 相似文献
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硫酸头孢喹肟注射液对仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎的临床疗效试验 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将硫酸头孢喹肟注射液分为高、中、低(4、2、1mg/kg体重)3个剂量组分别肌肉注射治疗仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎,同时设头孢噻呋冻干粉对照组,按3 mg/kg体重给药,一日一次,连用3天。结果表明,硫酸头孢喹肟注射液3个剂量组和阳性对照组(头孢噻呋冻干粉对照组)对仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎均有明显的治疗效果,有效率及相对增重率显著高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01);硫酸头孢喹肟注射液高、中剂量组的有效率及相对增重率显著高于硫酸头孢喹肟注射液低剂量组和阳性对照组((P＜0.01)。人工感染治疗试验结果表明硫酸头孢喹肟注射液按每1kg体重2mg肌注,一日一次,连用3天,对仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎有良好的治疗效果。 相似文献
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本试验对硫酸头孢喹肟进行了大、小鼠经口的急性毒性试验和猪肌肉注射硫酸头孢喹肟的安全性研究。选用SD大鼠和ICR小鼠各30只,其经口LD50均大于5 000 mg/kg。随机挑选健康猪12头,分为3组,按2 mg/kg、6 mg/kg和10 mg/kg剂量颈部肌肉注射硫酸头孢喹肟注射液,每日1次,连续5 d。对其给药前后的血常规和血液生化指标分析比较,并每天观察给药后动物临床表现。试验结果显示:硫酸头孢喹肟注射液在2~10 mg/kg剂量范围对猪血液生理生化指标无显著影响(P>0.05),所有动物给药后采食、行动、呼吸和排泄均未见异常,注射部位未见肿胀结块等现象,除10 mg/kg剂量组动物出现短时疼痛反应外,未观察到任何不良反应。 相似文献
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硫酸头孢喹肟混悬注射剂对奶牛大肠杆菌性乳房炎的治疗试验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
结合硫酸头孢喹肟药效学文献资料,试验选取了24头大肠杆菌性显性乳房炎病牛,一组肌内注射硫酸头孢喹肟混悬注射剂作治疗试验组,另一组肌内注射氨苄西林钠作药物对照组,结果表明,硫酸头孢喹肟混悬注射剂与注射用氨苄西林钠对奶牛大肠杆菌性乳房炎均有较好的治疗效果,在控制病程和产奶量方面头孢喹肟混悬注射剂明显优于注射用氨苄西林钠,肌内注射1mg/kg.bw硫酸头孢喹肟混悬注射剂,其临床治愈率可达90%以上,细菌学治愈率可达80%以上。 相似文献
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QU Hong-ying WEI Li-juan LIU Xin WEI Zhan-yong SONG Ting-ting JIA Xing GENG Zhi-xia WU Cong-ming ZHANG Yue 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(1):227-234
The aim of this experiment was to study the safety of cefquinome sulfate intrauterine infusion for lactating cows.24 healthy lactating Chinese Holstein cows were randomly divided into four groups(6 cows in each group).Cows in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were respectively injected different doses of cefquinome sulfate intrauterine infusion in uterus, and cows in the blank control group(group Ⅳ) were injected the dose of sterilized saline water.The cows were injected with the tested drug in uterus for twice and the interval was 72 h.The indicators including body temperature(rectal temperature), pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood physiological and biochemical indexes, mental state, daily milk yield and somatic cell count(SCC) in milk were respectively observed and measured on the day of first administration, the day of final administration and the 7th day after final administration.The results showed that injecting lactating cows cefquinome sulfate intrauterine infusion to lactating cows as recommended dosage was safe.The drug could be used to treat endometritis of lactating cows in clinical practice. 相似文献
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利福昔明乳房注入剂(干乳期)对奶牛的安全性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究利福昔明乳房注入剂(干乳期)对健康奶牛的正常体温、日产奶量、奶中体细胞数和乳房内菌群的影响。选择健康泌乳期奶牛12头,给药前1 d和给药前0 d,统计记录各试验奶牛的直肠温度、日产奶量,检测每个乳区采集奶样的体细胞数,并对给药前0 d的奶样进行病原菌分离检测。每头入选奶牛的四个乳区分别单次灌注利福昔明乳房注入剂,在给药后的第1、3、5、7、10天分别记录每头奶牛的日产奶量;在给药后的第12小时、3、5、7、10天分别采集奶样进行体细胞检测,同时检查直肠温度;在给药后的第10天对采集的奶样进行病原菌检测。比较奶牛用药前后直肠温度、日产奶量、奶中体细胞数和病原菌的变化。试验期间对给药奶牛进行连续观察,记录奶牛是否出现红、肿、热、痛等临床症状。结果表明。给药前1 d、给药当天和最后一次给药后的第1、3、5、7、10天,试验奶牛的日产奶量平均值分别为30.5、30.3、29.8、30.3、30.0、30.9和31.0 kg,相互之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);给药前后各时间点采集的奶中体细胞数大都维持在30~50万/mL;给药前后各时间点测得的奶牛直肠温度无显著性差异(P>0.05);病原菌检测结果显示,在给药前0 d分离到7株大肠杆菌、6株链球菌和9株葡萄球菌,给药后第10天采集的奶样中未检测到大肠杆菌和葡萄球菌,仅检测到1株链球菌。与给药前相比,奶中的病原菌数量有所减少,无新增感染。利福昔明乳房注入剂(干乳期)对奶牛正常体温、产奶量、奶中体细胞数无不良影响,该制剂对于奶牛是安全的。 相似文献
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为评价复方阿莫西林乳房注入剂对泌乳期奶牛临床型乳房炎的治疗效果,在甘肃某两个牛场选择70头自然发生的临床型乳房炎奶牛进行临床试验。将患病奶牛随机分为试验组(n=36头)和对照组(n=34头)。试验用药和对照用药分别为郑州百瑞动物药业有限公司和齐鲁动物保健品有限公司提供的复方阿莫西林乳房注入剂。每个感染乳区注入3 g药物,每12 h注射1次,连续用药3 d。在用药前、停药后7 d及14 d采集各组奶牛的奶样进行细菌学检测及乳汁体细胞计数。通过临床观察、细菌清除率及体细胞计数变化对临床疗效进行评价。停药后14 d,试验组和对照组的临床治愈率分别为58.3%和61.8%,细菌总清除率分别为94.12%和93.55%。两组奶样中的SCC在治疗后均显著下降(P<0.01)。两组临床疗效无统计学差异(P>0.05),表明试验用药对奶牛临床型乳房炎具有良好的治疗效果。 相似文献
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Efficacy of conventional and extended intra-mammary treatment of persistent sub-clinical mastitis with cefquinome in lactating dairy cows 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Kasravi R Bolourchi M Farzaneh N Seifi HA Barin A Hovareshti P Gharagozlou F 《Tropical animal health and production》2011,43(6):1203-1210
The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the efficacy of intra-mammary-administered cefquinome for the treatment
of sub-clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows and to determine if extended therapy would enhance treatment efficacy. Seventy-three
Holstein dairy cows from a single farm with 150 infected quarters were enrolled in the study. Infected cows were allocated
randomly to one of three treatment regimens: (1) conventional (standard) regimen: 75 mg of cefquinome administered three times
at 16-h intervals (25 infected cows, 52 intra-mammary infections (IMI)), (2) extended regimen: 75 mg of cefquinome administered
six times at 16-h intervals (26 infected cows, 58 IMI) and (3) negative untreated control group (22 cows, 40 IMI). Most IMI
were caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococci other than Streptococcus agalactiae and coliforms. The overall bacteriological cure (BC) rates for sub-clinical IMI were 84.61%, 91.37% and 20% for the conventional,
extended and the control groups, respectively, indicating a higher BC rate for the treated groups than the control group (P < 0.001). Significant differences in somatic cell count (SCC) were detected between the treated versus the control group
(P < 0.001). No differences, concerning the BC rate or SCC, were observed between the extended and the conventional groups.
Although fat and protein percentages increased in the treated groups, there were no significant differences in post-treatment
milk production between the groups. Results of this study indicate that cefquinome therapy was effective in reducing SCC and
eliminating sub-clinical IMI in lactating dairy cows, but extended therapy did not enhance treatment efficacy. 相似文献
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国产硫酸头孢喹肟对小鼠的急性和蓄积毒性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究国产硫酸头孢喹肟对昆明小鼠的急性毒性和蓄积毒性,采用改良寇氏法测定国产硫酸头孢喹肟的LD50;以剂量定期递增法计算蓄积系数,并于给药后第21天给予试验组和对照组小鼠1 LD50的量,观察各组小鼠对硫酸头孢喹肟的耐受性。结果表明,国产硫酸头孢喹肟原料药对小鼠口服LD50大于5 000 mg/kg,其混悬液制剂对小鼠腹腔注射LD50为844.03 mg/kg,LD50的95%可信限为802.05 mg/kg~887.56 mg/kg;蓄积试验中无小鼠死亡,蓄积系数K>5.3;耐受性试验显示,试验组死亡率(10%)显著低于对照组(40%)(P<0.05)。由此可见,国产硫酸头孢喹肟毒性低,临床使用安全,对小鼠没有蓄积毒性,小鼠对本品可产生明显耐受性。 相似文献
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The comparison of treating Holstein dairy cows with progesterone, CIDR and GnRH after insemination on serum progesterone and pregnancy rates 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mehni SB Shabankareh HK Kazemi-Bonchenari M Eghbali M 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2012,47(1):131-134
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different exogenous progesterone sources administrated after artificial insemination (AI) on serum progesterone (P(4) ) concentration and pregnancy rates in Holstein lactating cows. Sixty-four lactating Holstein dairy cows were allocated to four different treatments (n = 16 per treatment): the cows 1) were injected with physiological saline on days 5 and 13 after AI (control group); 2) were injected with progesterone on days 5 and 13 after AI (P group); 3) received controlled internal drug releasing device (CIDR) for a period from day 5 to 19 after AI (CIDR group); and 4) were injected with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist on days 5 and 13 after AI (GnRH group). Blood samples were collected on days 0 (AI day), 5, 13, 16 and 19 after AI to determine serum P(4) concentration. The results revealed a significant difference among treatment groups for serum P(4) concentration on days 13, 16 and 19 with the lowest concentration of serum P(4) for the control group. The pregnancy rate was also positively affected by all the treatments with CIDR having the greatest effect on pregnancy rate. Overall, the results indicated that CIDR has the greatest effect on serum P(4) concentration and pregnancy rate, although the administration of P and GnRH during days after AI increased serum P(4) concentration in lactating dairy cows as well. 相似文献
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Shymaa A. El Badawy Aziza M. M. Amer Gehan M. Kamel Kamal M. Eldeib Peter D. Constable 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2019,42(4):452-460
Values for pharmacokinetic variables are usually obtained in healthy animals, whereas drugs are frequently administered to diseased animals. This study investigated cefquinome pharmacokinetics in healthy goats and goats with experimentally induced mastitis. Five adult lactating goats received 75 mg of cefquinome intramammary infusion using a commercially available product into one udder half in healthy goats and goats with clinical mastitis that was induced by intracisternal infusion of 100 cfu of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 suspended in 5 ml of sterile culture broth. Cefquinome concentrations were determined in plasma and skimmed milk samples using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pharmacodynamics was investigated using the California Mastitis Test and pH of milk. Experimentally induced mastitis significantly increased the California Mastitis Test score and pH, and decreased the maximal cefquinome concentration and shortened the half‐life in milk when compared to healthy goats. In conclusion, mastitis facilitated the absorption of cefquinome from the mammary gland of lactating goats and induced marked changes in milk pH, emphasizing the importance of performing pharmacokinetic studies of antimicrobial agents in infected animals. 相似文献
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本文旨在研究颈静脉灌注精氨酸对泌乳中期奶牛血清生化和免疫指标的影响。采用3×3复式拉丁方试验设计,选择6头体重、胎次、泌乳期、泌乳量和体况基本一致的荷斯坦奶牛为试验动物,随机分为3组(每组2头),分别为酪蛋白组(对照组)、精氨酸组(灌注37.66 g/d)、丙氨酸组(与精氨酸组等氮,灌注77.24 g/d);每个试验期为22 d(7 d灌注+15 d间隔),在每个试验灌注期的最后1 d晨饲前采血,测定血清生化和免疫指标。结果表明:精氨酸组的奶牛血清中总蛋白、免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)浓度要显著高于其他2组(P0.05),白球比、白细胞介素1(IL-1)浓度显著高于丙氨酸组(P0.05),但是牛奶中体细胞数显著低于其他2组(P0.05),而血清中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶活性,免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、免疫球蛋白E(Ig E)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)浓度在组间无显著差异(P0.05)。综上,灌注精氨酸能够通过提高血清总蛋白、Ig G及IL-1、TNF-α的浓度,从而一定程度上增强泌乳奶牛机体的免疫力和胎儿的被动免疫力。 相似文献