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对广西南丰蜜桔园土壤样品、叶片样品和果实样品进行检测分析。结果表明,所研究的南丰蜜桔园土壤pH普遍偏酸;土壤有机质、有效磷、有效锌、交换性钙含量较高;碱解氮和有效钾含量中等;交换性镁、有效硼含量较低;柑桔叶片氮含量大部分低于适量范围,而磷、钾含量大部分处于适量范围,少量处于高量水平;柑桔园土壤pH值与土壤交换性钙和交换性镁分别呈显著和极显著正相关性,土壤有机质与碱解氮呈显著正相关;土壤有效锌和有效钾含量与果实可溶性固形物含量呈极显著正相关,交换性钙含量与可溶性固形物呈显著正相关,而pH值和有机质与可溶性固形物呈显著负相关;叶片中钾素与果实Vc呈显著正相关。该研究结果将为广西南丰蜜桔的科学施肥提供参考。 相似文献
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采集攀西芒果主产区果园土壤样本42个，探讨土壤pH、有效养分状况及两者的相关性。结果表明，攀西芒果园土壤pH变化范围为4.8~8.4，中性、酸性土壤占76.2%。果园土壤有机质、碱解氮、交换性钙和有效锌表现为严重缺乏状态，有效铜和硼整体处于低水平，有效钾含量为中下水平，而有效磷、交换性镁、有效硫、有效铁和有效锰5种元素的含量表现较为丰富。果园土壤pH和大部分有效养分存在显著的相关性，土壤pH与有机质、碱解氮、有效钾、有效铜、有效锌、有效铁、有效锰呈极显著负相关，与交换性钙、有效硫呈极显著正相关，而与有效性磷、有效硼、有效钼的相关性则不显著。从三种函数类型的回归分析来看，土壤pH与有机质关系符合幂函数，与碱解氮、有效锌、有效硫呈线性相关，与有效钾、交换性钙、有效铜、有效铁、有效锰则符合指数函数，而与交换性镁则符合二次函数，各相关系数均达极显著水平。总体上，土壤pH在中性偏酸的范围内，养分相对较为平衡，pH过酸或过碱，都容易造成养分的失衡，因此土壤pH过酸的果园，应注意适量施用石灰或含钙镁的肥料，与之相反，碱性土壤则应避免再次施用石灰或碱性肥料。 相似文献
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以湖南省湘西自治州60个椪柑(Citrus reticulata Blanco)果园为对象,分析湘西椪柑产区土壤矿质营养情况,土壤pH值及树龄与果园营养状况及果实品质的关系。结果表明,湘西椪柑产区70%以上果园土壤酸化,土壤中多数矿质养分含量适量或过量,而碱解氮、有效硼交换性钙和交换性镁含量缺乏;叶片中氮、钾、钙、镁和锌含量缺乏,磷、锰含量适量,铁、铜含量过量。随土壤pH值升高,土壤交换性钙、交换性镁和有效铜含量升高,而有效铁和有效锰含量降低;叶片氮、铁含量在酸性和弱酸性（4.5相似文献
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调查分析海南荔枝主产区荔枝园土壤养分状况,为荔枝的养分管理与合理施肥提供理论依据和科学指导。选择具有一定种植规模、有代表性的荔枝园 49 个,采集0~30 cm土层土壤样品进行养分丰缺状况的测试分析各种性质。结果表明,海南荔枝园土壤pH大部分呈酸性,16.3 % 荔枝园土壤pH适宜荔枝生长,土壤阳离子交换量为中等水平,63.3 % 果园土壤有机质含量处于适宜值及以上;土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量丰富;土壤交换性钙、有效硫含量丰富,42.7 % 果园土壤交换性镁含量缺乏,4.1 % 果园极缺乏;土壤微量元素铁、锰、铜、锌、钼含量较为丰富,但73.5 % 果园土壤有效硼含量低于适宜值。不同产区荔枝园土壤养分状况存在差异,海口果园土壤有机质和有效养分氮、钾、钙、镁含量最高,约2/3产区果园土壤偏缺交换性镁,仅海口、澄迈、定安土壤交换性镁含量在适宜值以上,各产区荔枝园土壤有效铁、锰、铜、锌、钼微量元素丰富,土壤有效硼在琼海果园含量丰富,澄迈、万宁、陵水、儋州、白沙荔枝园土壤有效硼偏缺。综合分析可知,各产区土壤肥力由高到低依次为：海口>定安>澄迈>文昌>琼海>儋州>万宁>陵水>白沙。综上所述,海南荔枝园应根据土壤养分情况平衡施肥,改良土壤酸度,增施有机肥,重视镁、硼肥施用,适当减施化肥以获得更好的产量效应。 相似文献
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以兰州市行道树法桐(Platanus orientalis)的叶片及立地土壤为研究对象,测定法桐叶片和立地土壤的养分含量,并分析其之间的相关性,为法桐的合理施肥提供依据。结果表明:(1)兰州市4个区法桐叶片RWC、全磷和铜的含量都为夏季高于秋季,而钙和镁相反。土壤中pH和速效N的含量在秋季高于夏季,而速效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效铜和有效铁为夏季高于秋季;(2)兰州市法桐立地土壤总体呈碱性,营养状况较差,尤其是安宁区,其土壤的有机质、速效N、速效P、速效K、交换性Ca和交换性Mg的含量较低,且该区叶片的营养状况相对较差。(3)叶片中钙与全磷呈极显著负相关;土壤pH和速效磷、有效铁、有机质等土壤营养元素含量都呈负相关。而土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷含量与各营养元素含量都呈正相关。 相似文献
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对广东郁南7个代表性沙糖桔果园土壤和结果树植株叶片营养状况进行了分析。结果显示,坡地果园的酸度比水田果园的大。土壤质地以粘土和粘壤土为主,其中砂页岩坡地果园土壤质均为粘土,而花岗岩坡地为粉砂质粘土,水田改种的多为壤土。土壤有机质含量总体处于中等偏低水平。全氮主要在中等至偏低水平之间;坡地果园的有效磷偏低,水田果园有效磷处于低量至适量水平;缺磷和缺钾的主要是坡地果园,而高磷和高钾的主要是水田果园。土壤交换性钙、镁和有效硼普遍缺乏;铜、锌个别缺乏;铁、锰、硫含量均较高。沙糖桔结果树周年营养状况随着生育期的不同而发生动态变化,土壤磷钾高的果园其叶片磷钾水平并不是全都相应提高。叶片N、P、K、Cu平均含量在开花期最高,N、K、Cu均处于柑桔类的适量范围,而P则高于适量范围;叶片N、P平均含量在幼果期最低。叶片Ca平均含量在果实成熟期最高,郁南沙糖桔叶片Mg低于柑桔类适量水平的较多,说明缺镁的情况较多;叶片Fe、Mn含量从开花期最低至成熟期达到最高,地下水位较高的果园叶片锰含量全年每个生育期均较高,在后期甚至超过适宜水平的1倍多。 相似文献
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从江苏省和贵州省两大越橘主产区各选取两个越橘园,分别为连云港市赣榆区和东海县越橘园、安顺市平坝区和惠水县越橘园,并于2015年7月检测4个越橘园的土壤有效养分和叶片营养含量丰缺状况,并对越橘园土壤与叶片相应营养元素进行相关性分析,为合理制定越橘园施肥方案提供理论依据。结果表明,除平坝越橘园以外的其余越橘园均需要进行土壤pH值和有机质含量调节;4个越橘园土壤有效养分均呈现缺氮富磷富钾状态,土壤交换性钙、镁、有效硫、微量元素含量充足;存在叶片氮、磷、铜含量缺乏,叶片其余营养元素含量适中。通过对土壤与叶片相应营养元素之间的相关性分析得知,土壤中大部分有效养分与其对应的叶片营养元素之间均无显著相关性。因此得出,越橘园在营养管理上应因地制宜,建议增施有机肥及氮肥,合理施用磷、钾肥。 相似文献
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为了解重庆油橄榄园土壤养分的含量状况,在重庆油橄榄主产区选取了32个代表性油橄榄园采集土壤样品进行测定分析。结果表明,重庆油橄榄园土壤多呈碱性,71.88%的果园土壤pH适宜油橄榄生长。土壤有机质含量偏低,偏低比例达到59.38%。土壤全氮和速效钾含量比较丰富,分别有75.00%和68.75%的果园达到适宜以上水平。81.25%的果园土壤碱解氮含量严重缺乏,78.12%的果园土壤有效磷含量处于低量或缺乏水平。土壤交换性钙含量丰富,71.88%的果园达到过量水平。土壤交换性镁含量较高,68.75%的果园达到适宜以上水平。土壤有效铁和有效锌含量不同程度偏低,处于缺乏或低量的比例分别占到37.5%和56.62%。土壤有效硼严重不足,缺乏或低量的比例达到100.00%。因此,重庆油橄榄园在生产上应重视增施有机肥,注意氮、磷肥合理搭配使用和铁、锌、硼等微肥的补充,以实现油橄榄生产提质增效。 相似文献
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以8个猕猴桃品种（‘海沃德’、‘米良1号’、‘徐香’、‘金香’、‘哑特’、‘翠香’、‘农大金猕’、‘金魁’）为试材,连续两年分析猕猴桃叶片氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼等10种元素含量的生长期变化特点及其相关性。结果表明,不同猕猴桃品种叶片养分含量差异显著。其中,‘海沃德’叶片氮、磷含量较高,钙、镁含量较低;‘米良1号’叶片氮、钙含量较高;‘翠香’叶片钙含量较高,氮、磷、钾含量较低;‘农大金猕’和‘金魁’叶片氮、钾均较低。猕猴桃叶片氮、磷、钾含量从坐果期至果实快速膨大期不断下降,之后在果实缓慢生长期和果实充实成熟期氮持续下降,钾维持稳定,磷则有所回升;叶片钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、硼含量均随着生长期的推进而呈升高趋势,但不同元素初始升高和后期稳定的时间点略有差别。叶片氮、磷与钾之间呈显著正相关,与钙、镁、铁、锌、硼之间呈显著负相关;钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、锌、硼等中微量元素之间多呈显著正相关。本研究为生产上不同猕猴桃品种的科学施肥和高效栽培提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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为了探讨砂糖橘叶片黄化与矿质养分（尤其是镁营养）的关系,本试验对广东省砂糖橘主产区（肇庆市和云浮市）的53个果园进行土壤和叶片养分调查和分析。结果表明：砂糖橘果园土壤整体呈酸性,有机质、土壤碱解氮、速效钾和有效锌含量基本上处于适宜水平,而交换性镁和有效钙含量偏低,有效磷含量偏高;而叶片养分分析表明植株普遍缺氮、磷和镁,DRIS分析进一步表明植株还缺锌,但缺镁最为严重;相关性分析表明砂糖橘叶片中各养分间以及叶片养分与土壤pH、有机质及其有效养分间都存在着一定的相关性。结果表明,缺镁是造成砂糖橘叶片黄化的主要原因,为广东省砂糖橘的养分管理和叶片黄化控制提供了依据。 相似文献
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桑树的遗传变异特点及在品种选育中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
我国具有悠久的桑树栽培历史,拥有3 000余份桑树种质资源,分属15个桑种和4个变种,并逐渐形成适应不同生长环境的8个生态类型。依据已有的研究结果,综述桑树遗传变异的特点包括:广泛分布、自然有性杂交和异花授粉以及缺乏稳定性选择等,促进了桑树的突变发生,形成遗传变异的多样性;无性繁殖方式产生了丰富的无性系变异;性状遗传值中非加性效应占有较大比例;无性系品种间杂种一代存在复杂的多样性分离和经济性状的普遍退化;存在丰富的多倍体系列和普遍的混倍现象等。对桑树品种选育研究提出建议:基于桑树的高度杂合习性,不仅要重视研究不同品种中加性效应在遗传值中所占比率,更要研究非加性效应所占比率及充分利用的方法;基于桑树遗传变异的多样性和丰富的无性系变异,加强无性系和田间选优育种;利用桑树混倍现象,将培育多倍体特别是三倍体品种作为一条有效的多倍体育种途径。 相似文献
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Ismail Saidi Selemani Lars Olav Eik Øystein Holand Tormod Ådnøy Ephraim Mtengeti Daniel Mushi 《Livestock Science》2013,157(1):173-183
The study was conducted to assess the effects of seasonal variation in the quality and quantity of pasture and management of livestock exclosures (ngitili) on the grazing behavior of cattle and goats. The study was 2×2×2 factorial design with three independent variables: season (Dry or Rainy), ngitili management (Private or Communal) and animal species (Cattle or Goats). Focal and scan observation methods were used to record different behavioral activities. Vegetation attributes from the study areas were measured in two consecutive seasons. Most key forage species had significant higher crude protein (CP) content and in vitro organic matter digestibility (INVOMD) in rainy than in dry season (P<0.05), but Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF) did not vary significantly with season (P>0.05). ADF and NDF were significantly higher in species from communal ngitili than those from private ngitili (P<0.05). Above-ground herbaceous biomass and bulk density (BD) were significantly higher in the rainy season and in the private ngitili than in the dry season and in the communal ngitili respectively. Cattle and goats spent considerably more time grazing and browsing respectively in the rainy season than in the dry season (P<0.05). Cattle foraging activities did not vary significantly (P>0.05) with ngitili management, but goats found to spend considerably more time browsing in the communal ngitili and more time grazing in the private ngitili (P<0.05). Despite the merits of stocking cattle and goats together in the heterogeneous pasture, seasonal variation in forage resources requires investigation of other strategies such as use of multipurpose trees and treatment of crop residues to improve livestock production. 相似文献
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Pinard CL Weiss ML Brightman AH Fenwick BW Davidson HJ 《American journal of veterinary research》2003,64(1):104-108
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle. 相似文献
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The study deals with the situation regarding housing of dogs and cats in Swiss shelters and kennels. In shelters, dogs were mainly held inside a cubicle with a small outside yard. In kennels, housing of dogs took place mainly in inside rooms. Usually two or three dogs were kept together. Cats were held in rooms, with or without outside yards, mainly in groups; no establishment preferred exclusively the housing in cubicles. Shelters received on average 183 dogs and 262 cats each year. Among them, about a third were lost animals while the remaining ones were relinquished. The study highlights some possibilities for improvements and the great diversity of the establishments regarding their size, infrastructure, housing conditions and aims. 相似文献
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Siamudaala VM Bwalya JM Munang'andu HM Munag'andu HM Sinyangwe PG Banda F Mweene AS Takada A Kida H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2006,54(1):15-23
Anthrax is endemic in Western and North-western Provinces of Zambia. The disease occurs throughout the year and impacts negatively on the economy of the livestock industry and public health in Zambia. During 1989-1995, there were 1626 suspected cases of anthrax in cattle in Western province and of these 51 were confirmed. There were 220 cases of human anthrax cases in 1990 alone and 248 cases during 1991-1998 with 19.1% and 7.7% case fatality rates, respectively. Interplay of the ecology of affected areas and anthropogenic factors seem to trigger anthrax epidemics. Anthrax has drawn considerable attention in recent years due to its potential use as a biological weapon. In this paper, the history, current status and approaches towards the control of the disease in Zambia are discussed. Quarantine measures restrict trade of livestock and exchange of animals for draught power resulting in poor food security at household levels. Challenges of anthrax control are complex and comprise of socio-political, economical, environmental and cultural factors. Inadequate funding, lack of innovative disease control strategies and lack of cooperation from stakeholders are the major constraints to the control of the disease. It is hoped that the information provided here will stimulate continued awareness for the veterinary and medical authorities to maintain their surveillance and capabilities against the disease. This may lead to a culminating positive impact on livestock and human health in the southern African region. 相似文献
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试验系统探讨了猪卵母细胞的体外成熟和孤雌激活方法。结果表明:在成熟液中分别添加FSH(促卵泡素:0.1ng/mL)和hMG(人绝经期促性腺激素:0.01IU/mL)的卵母细胞成熟率差异显著,但2组间的分裂率和囊胚率差异不显著。在成熟液中添加0、10、30、50、70ng/mL或90ng/mL的EGF(表皮生长因子),50ng/mLEGF组的分裂率达到84.90%,囊胚率达到30.20%,显著高于其余各组。分别使用以TCM-199和NCSU-23为基础液的成熟液来成熟培养猪卵母细胞,NCSU-23组的分裂率,成熟率和囊胚率均高于TCM-199组。使用离子酶素激活方法和电激活方法进行对比,离子酶素激活后孤雌胚胎发育效果好,差异极显著(P<0.01)。 相似文献
19.
胰腺周围脂肪组织和腺泡坏死被认为是急性胰腺炎(Acute pancreatitis,AP)的主要病理特征。胰腺炎轻者不累及其他器官,无并发症,为自限性疾病;重者胰腺出血、坏死、多器官功能衰竭,出现并发症,危及生命。近年来,胰腺炎在犬和猫中发病率非常高,而且病程一般是由急性期转至慢性期,由轻微转至严重。对其发病原因及其发病机制知之甚少,国内外兽医相关文献鲜有报道。论文参考大量研究文献并结合临床经验,综述该病的发病原因和发病机制,以期为临床预防和治疗提供思路。 相似文献