共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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早已证明免疫刺激复合物在注射免疫中可起着有效的强佐剂和载体输送系统。不同抗原结合形成的ISCOM也已证明在粘膜免疫中有效。Lovgren等首次用低剂量的流感病毒ISCOM单次鼻腔接种后可诱导粘膜免疫应答而产生保护作用。进一步研究结果表明,ISCOM与霍乱毒素(CT)、大肠杆菌热依赖性毒素(LT)一样,可打破免疫耐受,表现强粘膜佐剂活性,产生分泌性IgA和系统免疫应答,鼻腔接种ISCOM后最为显著的特点是能引起CTL反应。与CT相比,ISCOM先产生粘膜免疫随之产生系统免疫应答,此系统免疫应答依赖于IL-12,与IL-4无关。重组霍乱毒素与相同ISCOM粒子结合后起协同作用。鼻腔接种γCTB-ISCOM后,对γCTB的IgA应答在肺中增加100倍,在远距离的生殖道粘膜免疫中增加10倍多。在生殖道中也证实可加强对OVA抗原的IgA应答,接种RSV-衣壳蛋白-ISCOM后,产生高血清抗体,同样,注射免疫后,在局部呼吸粘膜和远处生殖道和肠道粘膜中均引起强烈的Ig A应答。Herpes simplex virus、流感病毒以及Mycoplasma mycoides等的衣壳蛋白与ISCOM结合后也出现相似结果。在应答过程中,利用了RSV衣壳蛋白可锚定粘膜的特性,鼻腔接种HIV-gp120RSV-ISCOM后在雌体生殖道中可观察到很强的分泌性IgA对gp120的免疫应答。总之,病毒衣壳蛋白、细胞膜蛋白等此类抗原与ISCOM结合后依然保持其生物学活性、形态结构、可锚定粘膜以及中和病毒等特性。ISCOM是一种多用途输送系统,被应用于粘膜免疫尤其适用于鼻腔免疫,它依赖于IL-12诱导粘膜免疫,而且ISCOM能诱导Th1/Th2的平衡性应答且无耐受。 相似文献
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新型免疫佐剂--免疫刺激复合物(ISCOM)的研究进展 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
林小敏 《广东畜牧兽医科技》2005,30(3):18-20
免疫刺激复合物(immunostimulating complex,ISCOM)是由抗原物质与由皂树皮提取的一种糖苷QuilA及胆固醇按1：1：1混合后自发形成的一种具有较高免疫活性的脂质小泡。每个小泡直径40nm,约含10～12个分子的蛋白质。ISCOM是一种全新的抗原递呈系统,对机体有免疫增强作用,具有佐剂和抗原递呈的双重功能。应用于多种细菌、病毒和寄生虫病的疫苗,具有产生“全面”免疫应答的效力,可长期增强特异性抗体应答。 相似文献
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鸡沙门氏菌外膜蛋白亚单位疫苗的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
用十二烷酰肌氨酸法提取鸡沙门氏菌外膜蛋白（OMP）作为抗原，制备免疫激发复合物型（Immunostimulating Complex,ISCOM）亚单位疫苗。ISCOM型OMP亚单位疫苗在电镜下可笼型颗粒结构，直径为60mm-120nm。无菌性检测结果为无菌，具有可靠的安全性。对3周龄雏鸡肌注接种，6周龄攻毒，接种80ugOMP／只ISCOM型亚单位疫苗的雏鸡以鸡白痢沙门氏菌或鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的攻击具有显著的免疫保护力。 相似文献
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4基因免疫的生物学活性 4.1基因免疫疫苗的应答水平非毒性蛋白的基因疫苗免疫应答水平与其表达水平成正比,而毒性蛋白的表达水平却不能太高,否则免疫水平可能反而下降.小鼠免疫应答的水平与其年龄成负相关. 相似文献
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在动物疫病防控工作中,采用兽用生物疫苗免疫是最好的方法之一.但在接种疫苗的动物群体中,不同个体的免疫应答程度都有差异,免疫应答的强弱或水平高低呈正态分布,因而绝大多数动物在接种疫苗后都能产生较强的免疫应答,但因个体差异,会有少数动物应答能力差,因而在遇强毒感染时,不能抵抗攻击而发病.笔者认为影响疫苗免疫效果的因素主要有以下七个因素. 相似文献
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细菌性传染病疫苗研究进展 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
通过疫苗免疫来保护易感群体是控制细菌性传染病的一个重要环节,细菌减毒活疫苗减少了疫苗的副反应,同时还考虑到接种疫苗群体的营养和健康状况,能有效侵入和持续刺激机体产生初次免疫应答和再次免疫应答。重组减毒细菌具有能够在体内稳定表达保护性抗原的能力,将一段基因插入到染色体中可提高其稳定性,但一般抗原表达水平较低,不能刺激机体产生强有力的免疫应答,而使用高拷贝数的质粒载体后,选择标记基因的表达水平将远远超过载体维持的需要,增加了重组疫苗中的能量消耗,过度表达的基因产物进一步致弱了疫苗。同时宿主-载体的重组应使外源抗原产生的免疫应答最大化,细菌载体抗原产生的完全免疫应答最小化。 相似文献
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免疫刺激复合物（ISCOM）研究进展 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文就免疫刺激复合物（ISCOM）的理化及免疫学特性进行了评述，并对其应用前景作了展望，以期了解免疫刺激复合物（ISCOM）独特的免疫效果及其在免疫预防中的应用价值。 相似文献
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猪囊虫病基因工程疫苗的体液与细胞免疫反应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨以 Ｉ Ｓ Ｃ Ｏ Ｍ 作佐剂的猪囊虫病基因工程疫苗的免疫机理,对其诱导的体液免疫与细胞免疫反应进行了测定。用上述疫苗免疫 ９ 头试验猪,采用间接 Ｅ Ｌ Ｉ Ｓ Ａ 检测体液免疫反应及通过淋巴细胞转化试验、 Ａ Ｎ Ａ Ｅ染色试验、 Ｅ玫瑰花环形成试验等检测细胞免疫反应;用该疫苗和铝胶苗分别免疫昆明小鼠各 ２０ 只,分别检测体液免疫反应和 Ｔ 淋巴细胞抑制／杀伤亚群的动态变化。体液免疫的检测结果显示,免疫后 ７ 天即出现抗体,２１ 天后抗体全部转阳,持续的时间不少于 １９３ 天,效价明显高于铝胶苗;细胞免疫检测结果显示,免疫猪外周血 Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率、 Ａ Ｎ Ａ Ｅ＋ 细胞和粗粒型 Ａ Ｎ Ａ Ｅ＋ 细胞、 Ｅ Ｒ Ｆ Ｃ和 Ｅａ Ｒ Ｆ Ｃ细胞显著升高,免疫小鼠 Ｔ淋巴细胞抑制／杀伤亚群显著升高;与铝胶苗及对照组比较,差异极显著。以上结果表明猪囊虫病基因工程疫苗可同时激发动物的体液免疫和细胞免疫反应,增强了机体的免疫调节功能及杀伤性 Ｔ 淋巴细胞功能。 相似文献
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Cecilia M. Camussone Carolina M. Veaute Nazarena Pujato Bror Morein Iván S. Marcipar Luis F. Calvinho 《Research in veterinary science》2014
Staphylococcus aureus is the most frequently isolated pathogen from bovine intramammary infections worldwide. Commercially available vaccines for mastitis control are composed either of S. aureus lysates or whole-cells formulated with traditional adjuvants. We recently showed the ability of a S. aureus CP5 whole-cell vaccine adjuvanted with ISCOM Matrix to increase specific antibodies production in blood and milk, improving opsonic capacity, compared with the same vaccine formulated with Al(OH)3. However, there is no information about the use of ISCOM Matrix for the formulation of bacterial lysates. The aim of this study was to characterize the innate and humoral immune responses induced by a S. aureus CP5 whole-cell or lysate vaccine, formulated with ISCOM Matrix after immunization of pregnant heifers. Both immunogens stimulated strong humoral immune responses in blood and milk, raising antibodies that increased opsonic capacity. Lysate formulation generated a higher and longer lasting antibody titer and stimulated a higher expression of regulatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines compared with the whole-cell vaccine. 相似文献
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Cullinane A Weld J Osborne M Nelly M Mcbride C Walsh C 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2001,161(2):174-185
SUMMARY: The purpose of these studies was to examine the response of Thoroughbred foals and yearlings to different influenza vaccines and vaccination regimes. The horses' antibody levels against haemagglutinin, an established correlate of protection were measured by haemagglutination inhibition. The first study investigated the extent to which maternal antibodies interfered with the humoral response to a subunit vaccine. The findings suggest that repeat vaccination in the face of maternal antibodies may induce tolerance as defined by serological testing. The second study compared the immune response elicited by a subunit immune stimulating complex (ISCOM) vaccine, an inactivated whole virus vaccine and the same product containing equine herpesviruses and equine reoviruses in addition to equine influenza virus. The monovalent vaccine induced a significantly better response than the ISCOM or the multivalent vaccine. The final study demonstrated that the inclusion of an additional booster vaccination, between the second and third vaccination recommended by the vaccine manufacturers and required under the rules of racing in certain countries, is of benefit to young horses. Since these studies were performed, several of the vaccines have been updated with more recent virus strains in line with WHO/OIE recommendations. However, the general principles investigated in the studies remain relevant to these vaccines. 相似文献
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Hübschle OJ Tjipura-Zaire G Abusugra I di Francesca G Mettler F Pini A Morein B 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2003,50(6):298-303
The experimental field trial with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) vaccine has been an occasion to explore the role of a Th1 response in the pathogenesis caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (MmmSC) and in immune protection. The ISCOM complex is known to promote Th1 response. Antibodies to MmmSC were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the vaccinated cattle, although the levels were lower than in a previous study. No antibodies were detected by complement fixation test (CF). After the challenge infection, vaccinated animals developed CF antibody response. They showed significantly reduced mortality compared with controls. However, gross pathological and histopathological score for vaccinated animals was as high as for the non-vaccinated, characterized by a high inflammatory reaction with histopathology dominated by interlobular pneumonia with vasculitis. 相似文献
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B Morein 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1987,17(1-4):153-159
Conventional vaccines consisting of whole microorganisms have in many cases proven ineffective. This has led to the development of subunit vaccines which contain defined protective antigens. However, subunit vaccines are frequently poorly immunogenic, requiring the addition of adjuvants and/or their formation into forms such as micelles or virosomes. Ideally a vaccine should be limited to the desired antigens, incorporated in a multimeric physically defined form into which the adjuvant is built. This is possible through use of the ISCOM (immuno-stimulating complex), a matrix of the glycoside Quil A, onto which antigens are attached by hydrophobic interaction. Experiments involving ISCOMs prepared using membrane proteins from several viruses are described. The ISCOM system can be used to enhance immune response to antigens prepared from microorganisms and cells as well as peptides and other small molecules. 相似文献
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In the horse, conventional inactivated or subunit vaccines against equine influenza virus (EIV) induce a short-lived antibody-based immunity to infection. Alternative strategies of vaccination have been subsequently developed to mimic the long-term protection induced by natural infection with the virus. One of these approaches is the use of immune-stimulating complex (ISCOM)-based vaccines. ISCOM vaccines induce a strong antibody response and protection against influenza in horses, humans, and a mouse model. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) has been demonstrated in humans and mice after ISCOM vaccination, but rarely investigated in the horse. The aim of this study was to evaluate EIV-specific immune responses after intra-muscular vaccination with an ISCOM-EIV vaccine (EQUIP F) containing both equine influenza H7N7 (A/eq/Newmarket/77) and H3N8 (A/eq/Borl?nge/91 and A/eq/Kentucky/98) strains. The antibody response was measured by single radial haemolysis (SRH) assay using different H3N8 EIV strains. Stimulation of type-1 immunity was evaluated with a recently developed method that measures EIV-specific IFNgamma synthesis by peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The protective efficacy of this ISCOM-based vaccine against challenge infection with a recent equine influenza (H3N8; A/eq/South Africa/4/03) strain was also evaluated. Vaccinated ponies developed elevated levels of EIV-specific SRH antibody and increased percentage of EIV-specific IFNgamma(+) PBL, whereas these responses were only detected after challenge infection in unvaccinated control ponies. Vaccinates showed minimal signs of disease and did not shed virus when challenged shortly after the second immunisation. In conclusion, evidence of type-1 immunity induced by an ISCOM-based vaccine is described for the first time in horses. 相似文献
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Andersen SA Petersen HH Ersbøll AK Falk-Rønne J Jacobsen S 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(2):199-202
European and American guidelines for vaccination against tetanus and influenza in horses recommend annual and annual/semi-annual vaccinations, respectively, against the two pathogens. Too-frequent vaccination may, however, have adverse effects, among other things because an inflammatory response is elicited with subsequent alterations in homeostasis. The objective of the study was to compare the acute phase response (APR) in 10 horses following administration of two different types of vaccines, namely, an inactivated Immune Stimulating COMplex (ISCOM) vaccine and a live recombinant vector vaccine. Blood was sampled before and after vaccination to measure levels of serum amyloid A (SAA), fibrinogen, white blood cell counts (WBC) and iron. Vaccination induced a prominent APR with increased WBC, elevated blood levels of SAA and fibrinogen, and decreased serum iron concentrations. The ISCOM vaccine caused significantly (P<0.05) greater SAA, fibrinogen and WBC responses than the vector vaccine. During the APR muscle catabolism and liver and kidney metabolism are altered. Also drug metabolism may change during the APR. The findings of the present study may be relevant for advising horse owners about convalescence after vaccination. 相似文献
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To evaluate the efficacy of a recombinant Moraxella bovis pilin-M. bovis cytotoxin subunit vaccine to prevent naturally occurring infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK; pinkeye), a randomized, blinded, controlled field trial was conducted during summer 2005 in a northern California herd of beef cattle. One hundred and one steers were vaccinated with ISCOM matrix (adjuvant control), recombinant M. bovis cytotoxin carboxy terminus+ISCOM matrix (MbxA), or recombinant M. bovis pilin-cytotoxin carboxy terminus+ISCOM matrix (pilin-MbxA); calves received secondary vaccinations 21 days later. Calves were examined once weekly for 18 weeks for the development of corneal ulcers associated with IBK. Overall, the pilin-MbxA vaccinated group had the lowest overall cumulative proportion of ulcerated calves. Calves that received MbxA, whether alone or with pilin had significantly higher M. bovis cytotoxin serum neutralizing titers as compared to control calves. Results of ocular cultures suggested that vaccination with an M. bovis antigen affected organism type isolated from an ulcer: M. bovis was cultured more often from the eyes of control calves than from the eyes of calves vaccinated with MbxA and pilin-MbxA. In addition, vaccination of calves with MbxA and pilin-MbxA resulted in a higher prevalence of Moraxella bovoculi sp. nov. in ocular cultures. While no significant difference was observed between a cytotoxin versus pilin+cytotoxin vaccine against IBK, the reduced cumulative proportion of IBK in the pilin-cytotoxin vaccinated calves suggests it may provide an advantage over a cytotoxin vaccine alone. Efficacy of an M. bovis vaccine may be reduced in herds where IBK is associated with M. bovoculi sp. nov. 相似文献