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1.
YANG Xiu-rong JIANG He-sheng ZHENG Jiang-xia QU Lu-jiang CHEN Si-rui LI Jun-ying XU Gui- yun YANG Ning 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2013,(6):1049-1053
Fadrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, can masculinize genetic female chickens and high-dose decreases the hatchability. Therefore, it is important to study the growth and development of sex-reversed females after hatch. Chick embryos from a population of CAU3 egg-type were treated with different concentrations of Fadrozole prior to the sexual differentiation at E3.0 (st18). At hatch, the phenotypic sex and genetic sex were identified by vent sexing and genetic diagnosis with CHD1, respectively. Body weight and shank length of sex reversal were tested at 8 and 20 wk, respectively. Testicular development, oviduct and ovarian degeneration were observed and serum concentration of estradiol and testosterone were tested with radioimmunoassay (RIA) at 30 wk. The results showed that body weight and shank length of sex- reversed females were not significantly different between low-dose groups (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg for F1, F2, and F3, respectively) and high-dose groups (1.0 and 1.3 mg for F4 and F5, respectively) (P>0.05). Left and right testes or ovotestes in F2, F3, F4, and F5 groups were heavier than that of in F1 group (P<0.05). While the gonad weight of treatment groups were less than that in male control (P<0.05), oviduct weight in F2, F3, F4, and F5 groups were significant differences compared with female control and F1 group (P<0.05). Egg number from onset of laying egg to 30 wk in F4 and F5 groups were less than in female control, F1 and F2 groups (P<0.05). Serum testosterone level in F5 group was significant higher compared with female control, F1, F2, F3, and F4 groups (P<0.05), but significant lower compared with male control (P<0.05). While concentration of serum estradiol in F5 group was significant lower compared with female control, F1, F2, and F4 groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the concentration of Fadrozole do not affect postnatal growth of sex-reversed female chicken and the degree of sex-reversed females elevate with the increase of Fadrozole concentration at sex maturity. 相似文献
2.
[Objective] The experiment aimed to study the difference of water physiology of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. for discussing the strategy of water utilization as well as the important role of this difference during evolution process. [Method] The stem sap flow, stomatal conductance(Gs), transpiration rate(Tr) and water use efficiency (WUE) of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were comparatively studied. [Result] The day-night processes of flow on male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were similar. The flow on male and female Ginkgo biloba L. in day were almost same while the flow at night on male Ginkgo biloba L. was bigger than that on female Ginkgo biloba L. The Tr and Gs of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were high in morning and at night but low at noon ,while Tr and Gs of female Ginkgo biloba L. in morning and at night were higher than these of male Ginkgo biloba L. at the same time point. However, these indexes of female plant were lower than these of male plant from 11:00 to 14:00. WUE changing trends of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. were similar, while average water utilization rate of female Ginkgo biloba L. was slightly lower than that of male Ginkgo biloba L. [Conclusion] Compared with other companion plants, water physiology of male and female Ginkgo biloba L. had strong homoplasy. The phenomenon might be a survival strategy of dioecious plants under long term evolutionary pressure. 相似文献
3.
不同肥料对椭圆叶花锚生长发育的比较研究(英文) 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
[Objective] The aim was to study the effect of different treatments on development and growth of Halenia ellipitica D.Don.[Method] Three treatments (urea treatment group, diammonium phosphate treatment group and control group) were set in the experiment with 3 replications to detect plant height,root length, leaf number, branch number, flower number and biomass of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in all experimental groups.[Result] The leaf number,branch number, flower number and output of crude drug of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in urea treatment group were more than that of Halenia ellipitica D.Don. in diammonium phosphate treatment group and control group,however,the plant height and root length were not significantly different among all groups.[Conclusion] The urea generated better effect on Halenia ellipitica D.Don. cultivation than that produced by diammonium phosphate treatment. 相似文献
4.
利用微卫星标记对级进杂交绵羊群体遗传特性的鉴定(英文) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
[Objective] The aim of the research was to identify and assess the genetic characteristics of grading breeding sheep populations in Ba Yan Nur City. [Method] Genetic polymorphism and aggregation of seven sheep populations, including three breeding sheep populations (breeding F1, F2 and Bamei mutton sheep), three introduced mutton sheep breeds (Texel, Dorset and German Merino sheep) and one local female parent population (Mongolia sheep), were assessed using 10 microsatellite markers. [Result] By cluster analysis, the seven sheep populations can be divided into two groups. The F1 and German Merino sheep were closely related, which were clustered with F2, Bamei mutton sheep and Mongolia sheep to form one group while Texel and Dorset to form another group. The genetic aggregation of the seven breeds was assessed by Bayesian discrimination. And the results show that the genetic aggregation of F1 and F2 were lower while that of Bamei mutton sheep, Texel, Dorset and German Merino sheep were higher. [Conclusion] Better genetic stability has been formed in Bamei mutton sheep. 相似文献
5.
CHEN Yan YUAN Chang-chun CHEN Xiao-ting School of Life Science Technology Zhanjiang Normal University Zhanjiang 《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)
[Objective] The aim of this study was to provide the theoretical basis for variety identification of carambola and pomiculture.[Method] The molecular structure of vessels in stem secondary xylem from three carambola varieties of Malaysia 8,Misi and Malaysia B17 were studied by cell image analysis system and microphotography.[Result] The molecular structure of vessels in stem secondary xylem from carambola was as follows:the first type had tails in two ends,the second type had tail in one end,and the third type had no tails in two ends.The average length of vessel elements was from 328.88 to 366.09 μm,while its average width was from 44.61 to 52.43 μm.Most of the end wall was simple perforation plates,while the alternate-opposite pitting was the major forms of pitting.[Conclusion] Most characteristics of vessel elements from carambola were evolutionary characters of vessel elements in the process of phylogeny,but there were more primitive characters,for example,both two ends of vessel had tails or just one end had tail,and end wall was inclined.The molecular structure of vessel from carambola was in accordance with its ecological adaptability,and the growth characteristics of different varieties were also in accordance with the difference of molecular structure of vessel. 相似文献
6.
《农业科学学报》2016,(3)
The thrips quantity ratio(TQR) model is an important tool for evaluating crop resistance to thrips based on the correlation between thrips quantities and cultivars. Unfortunately, it is inaccurate, and the results appear significantly inconsistent when analysing the same cultivars in the same field study. To improve this model, we first studied the resistance of 28 alfalfa cultivars to thrips in Cangzhou, Hebei Province, north China. The results showed that the most suitable evaluation period was from May to June, as the thrips population was stable during this period. Second, we found that the natural enemy population was significantly positively correlated with the thrips population density(R=0.7275, P0.0001), which might influence resistance estimation. Hence, we introduced a parameter ‘α', corresponding to the natural enemy quantity ratio, to eliminate the effect of the natural enemy using "αTQR". Using the improved method, 28 cultivars were clustered into three classes: the resistant class, sensitive class, and median class. All numerical values were calculated for αTQR displayed as a Gaussian distribution. This information showed that all data should be divided into nine groups using a median value of 1±0.1 with an equal difference of 0.1. Based on the new standard cultivars, Gongnong 1, Alfaking, Cangzhou and Algonquin were classified as highly resistant cultivars; Zhongmu 3, Gongnong 2, Zhongmu 1 and Zhongmu 2 were classified in the resistant group; Queen was classified in the moderately resistant group; Derby, WL354HQ, KRIMA, Apex, 53 HR, SARDI 5 and Farmers Treasure were classified in the median class; WL319HQ, WL343HQ and Sitel were classified as the low sensitive group; WL440 HQ and SARDI7 as the moderately sensitive group; WL168HQ and Sanditi as the sensitive group; and SARDI 10, WL363HQ, FD4, WL323 and SOCA as the highly sensitive group. 相似文献
7.
《（《农业科学与技术》）编辑部》2008,(4)
[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the high yield often photosynthetic mechanism of super hybrid rice P88S/0389.[Method] Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents were measured via the method of Wellburn and Lichtenthaler,and the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured using portable photosynthesis system.Through comparison of above measured indices between P88S/0389 and its parents,the photosynthetic characteristics were obtained.[Result] The pigment content of P88S/0389 lied between their parents,and detailedly was closer to its female parent at earlier growth stage and to its male parent at latter stage,respectively.The Pn,Fv/Fo,Fv/Fm and qP of the flag leaf of P88S/0389 were all higher than those of its parents,while the degradation rates of these parameters were slower than those of its parents.The qN of flag leaf was lower than those of its parents,and the increasing rate of qN of P88S/0389 was also slower than those of its parents,indicating the great heterosis of P88S/0389 to its parents in photosynthetic capacity.The data show that P88S/0389 is endowed with stronger capacities in light energy absorption,transformation and carbon fixation compared to its parents.[Conclusion] The light energy absorbed by hybrid mainly contributes to photochemical reaction,and little for heat dissipation.For ensuring high yield,the rice cultivars selected for production should synchronously possess higher photosynthetic rate and longer high value duration. 相似文献
8.
To explore the role of ethylene in sexual determination in ramie, the ethylene release rates in ramie stem apex of different sex, bud of the same node in female and hermaphrodite ramie in the second crop, and single inflorescence of different sex in hermaphrodite ramie were measured by gas chromatography. Effects of two ethylene inhibitors on sex expression in ramie were investigated. The ethylene release rate of stem apex was higher in the second crop or female ramie than that in the third crop or hermaphrodite ramie during growth. Although ethylene release rates between lower nodes and higher nodes were little different, it was lower in the middle nodes in hermaphrodite ramie. The ethylene release rates were higher in the higher nodes of female ramie at the second crop. At the third crop, the ethylene release rates were higher in lower nodes, lower in middle nodes and then highest in higher nodes in female ramie. However, an opposite ethylene release pattern was observed in hermaphrodite ramie. The ethylene release rate was higher in female flower than male flower and mixed inflorescence in hermaphrodite ramie. The male flower could be distinctly induced by AVG （aminooethoxyvinylglycine）. The node of the first male flower, percentage of female flowers and ratio of female flowers to male in ramie were evidently depressed by AVG in contrast to water. The percentage of mixed male and female flowers was also increased and the percentage of female flower decreased by spraying AgNO3. There was a close relationship between sexual differentiation and ethylene release rate in ramie. The female ramie could be induced by high ethylene release rate. The female flower could be inhibited by AVG and AgNO3. AVG at a concentration of 300 mg L^-1 was most effective. 相似文献
9.
Five reduced-risk insecticides were compared for their toxicities to male and female third instar larvae of diamondback moth （DBM）, Plutella xylostella L. （Lepidoptera：Plutellidae） obtained from a laboratory colony. Leaf-dip bioassays were used to assess larval mortality at different insecticides rates （ranging from 0.01 mg AI/L to 100 mg A1/L） and exposure times （24, 48 and 72 h after treatment）. Toxicity of the insecticides generally increased with rate and exposure time. At 72 h after treatment, median lethal concentrations （LCs0s） of methoxyfenozide, spinosad, novaluron, indoxacarb and Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） against the male third instar larvae of P, xylostella were 0.0524, 0.1117, 0.9149, 1.1939 and 4.4983 mg AI/L, respectively, and were 0.1008, 0.2583, 1.0649, 0.2850 and 5.3053 mg AI/L against female third instar larvae, respectively. At 0.1% of the approximate recommended field rates, methoxyfenozide （60%-75%） and spinosad （53%-57%） were the most toxic, while Bt （30%-45% mortality） was the least toxic to male and female P. xylostella larvae. Spinosad was the fastest acting and the only insecticide that caused significant larval mortality （17%） at 24 h after exposure. Significant sexual differences were recorded in the susceptibility of P. xylostella larvae to two of the insecticides： spinosad and indoxacarb. Male larvae were two-fold more susceptible to spinosad but 10-fold more tolerant to indoxacarb than female larvae. 相似文献
10.
[Objective] It aimed to find an optimum condition for compensatory growth of peony.[Method] The different defoliation intensies and frequencies of penoy were implemented to observe accumulated aboveground biomass, regenerated bud number,stem-leaf ratio and the chlorophyll concentration change in residual leaves.[Result] When the defoliation frequency was conducted every 20 d once and defoliaton intensity was from 40%-60%,the accumulated biomass was biggest, when the defoliation frequency was conducted every 10 d once and defoliation intensity was from 60%-80% the regenerated bud number was maximum.The stem-leaf ratio of mild and moderate defoliation intensities(20%-60%) was significantly lower than that of control group.When the defoliation frequency was conducted every 20 d once and defoliation intensity was from 40%-60%,the chlorophyll concentration in residual leaves was obviously higher than that of control group.[Conclusion] The proper defoliation intensity(60%) and lower defoliation frequency(defoliation was conducted every 20 d once) were most favorable to the growth and regenerated of peony which was the compensatory growth. 相似文献
11.
[目的]确定东北林蛙系统地理分布图。[方法]对长白山和小兴安岭自然分布的东北林蛙8个地理种群的4个形态指标(体长、体重、前肢长和后肢长)进行测定,并对测定结果进行方差分析和聚类分析。[结果]形态学分析表明,雄性种群中,属于完达山的东方红种群与小兴安岭种群和长白山种群存在明显的形态差异(P<0.05);雌性种群中,属于小兴安岭种群的鹤北种群与长白山种群存在明显的形态差异(P<0.05)。聚类结果显示,雄性东北林蛙可以分为3组:泉阳、天北、朝阳、大口钦种群一组,铁力、鞍山种群一组,东方红种群一组;雌性东北林蛙也可聚为3组:泉阳、朝阳一组,天北、大口钦一组,鹤北种群一组。[结论]三江平原极有可能是东北林蛙的地理起源中心,东北林蛙沿着松花江逆流向长白山和小兴安岭2个地区适应辐射,形成现有的东北林蛙地理分布格局。 相似文献
12.
13.
半人工饲养条件下东北林蛙变态后的生长规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以吉林省长白山地区兴林林业局、泉阳林业局、蛟河市天北镇3个地点375只半人工养殖的1~5龄的东北林蛙为研究对象,根据体质量、体长、后肢长、前肢长4个重要指标的变化,分析了东北林蛙变态后的生长发育规律。结果显示:雌雄之间有着明显的二型性;Logistic、Gompertz和Von Bertalanffy方程的拟合分析显示,雌性体质量增长速率开始下降时间在2龄以后,较雄性滞后近1 a,雌性和雄性林蛙的体长、前肢长、后肢长增长速率开始下降的时间均在1龄以内。1龄和2龄是东北林蛙生长发育的关键时期,应加强这一时期的饲养管理。 相似文献
14.
[目的]调查长白山北坡西方蜜蜂种群分布情况。[方法]对西方蜜蜂在长白山北坡的饲养现状及分布情况进行了调查,并对其在长白山的分布、饲养规模、生产性蜂种的类型及生产性能等进行了分析,探讨了中、西蜂的种间竞争关系。[结果]西方蜜蜂种群在长白山海拔550~1 100 m均有分布,主要分布在各交通要道上。2014—2016年,西方蜜蜂种群共分布4 928群,且有逐年增加的趋势。2016年,在调查的3条公路上分布西方蜜蜂蜂场41个,种群1 930群。定地蜂场仅占调查总蜂场数的12.2%,生产类型主要为蜜型和蜜浆双混型,蜂场规模以中小型居多,蜂蜜产量40~50 kg/群的蜂场为13个,其蜂群数占调查总群数的49.3%。[结论]研究结果可为长白山中华蜜蜂种群恢复及可持续发展提供科学依据。 相似文献
15.
东北云杉的地理变异规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
乌弘奇 《东北林业大学学报》1989,17(2):27-33
本文根据大、小兴安岭、长白山鱼鳞松的5400个针叶和180个球果的统计分析,讨论了其地理变异规律。随着纬度增加,球果增大,针叶长度增加。方差分析表明:大兴安岭和小兴安岭之间球果直径和长度的差异大于小兴安岭和长白山之间的差异,叶长度的差异则相反。球果大小沿纬度的变化可能与温度变化相关,叶长度及叶气孔线条数的变异可能与高山强烈的直接辐射及叶的强烈蒸腾有关。 相似文献
16.
长白山区不同地点人参黑斑病菌株间的RAPD亲缘关系分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以长白山区6个不同地点采集的人参黑斑病菌株为材料,进行RAPD聚类分析,结果表明,在遗传距离0.34水平上以长白山天池为中心可分为3大组：1）抚松松江河、抚松泉阳与安图小沙河3个样点来构成的长白山附近组;2）和龙头道1个样点来构成的长白山东北组;3）通化锉草沟与临江2个样点来构成的长白山西南组. 相似文献
17.
[目的]为长白山区野生宽叶杜香的临床应用、新药研发和人工扩繁提供试验依据。[方法]以雄性昆明种小鼠为试验动物，长白山区野生宽叶杜香叶为试材，通过动物试验研究宽叶杜香的镇咳祛痰作用。[结果]各试验组小鼠状态基本相同，都比较活泼，饮食量与饮水量稳定，体重增长速度基本一致。与生理盐水组相比，宽叶杜香低、中、高剂量的水蒸气蒸馏液均可以延长氨水致小鼠咳嗽的潜伏期，减少咳嗽次数，且低剂量组效果显著，中剂量组效果极显著；宽叶杜香低、中、高剂量的水蒸气蒸馏液均可以增加小鼠呼吸道的酚红排泌量，且高剂量组效果显著，中剂量组效果极显著。[结论]长白山区野生宽叶杜香叶水蒸气蒸馏液具有镇咳祛痰作用，对于治疗慢性气管类且有一定意义． 相似文献
18.
[目的]研究短体副鳅繁殖群体的结构特征,积累副鳅属鱼类的生物学资料。[方法]对采自嘉陵江的208尾繁殖季节的短体副鳅成熟个体年龄、体长、体重及雌雄生长特性等进行研究。[结果]繁殖群体的性比为♀∶♂=5.71∶1.00。繁殖群体由1~5龄鱼组成,以2~3龄组为主。短体副鳅的体长范围为49.0~84.0 mm,体重范围为2.6~11.0 g。最小性成熟年龄是1龄;最小性成熟个体雌性体长49.0mm,体重2.6 g;雄性体长55.5 mm,体重3.7 g。群体体重（W）与体长（L）的关系：雌＋雄为W=0.000 2×L2.477 2;雌为W=7.0×10-5×L2.753 5;雄为W=0.002 1×L1.896 4。生长系数雌性大于雄性;繁殖群体（雌＋雄）的生长系数b=2.477 2〈3,说明短体副鳅个体发育正常呈异速生长趋势。[结论]短体副鳅的生长峰值均出现在性成熟后1~2年内,最佳捕捞期应该在3龄以后。 相似文献
19.
[目的]研究广东韶关地区虎纹蛙、黑斑蛙的核型。[方法]采用常规骨髓细胞空气干燥法,研究了分布于广东韶关地区的虎纹蛙、黑斑蛙的核型,并比较了同种蛙不同地理居群的核型。[结果]广东韶关地区的虎纹蛙的核型为2n=26=14m+12Sm,NF=52,黑斑蛙的核型为2n=26=16m+8Sm+2St,NF=50,均由5对大染色体和8对小染色体组成。同一种蛙的不同地理居群之间在Sm数目和顺序、次缢痕或随体的位置等方面都存在着一定的差异。[结论]虎纹蛙、黑斑蛙分布广泛,生存在不同地理纬度,种群长期地理隔离,加上受不同环境条件的影响可能是导致广东韶关虎纹蛙、黑斑蛙与其他地理居群的虎纹蛙、黑斑蛙核型差异的原因。 相似文献
20.
[目的]对1999和2001年长白山西部NPP进行估算。[方法]基于Landsat TM数据,运用遥感模型,对长白山西部1999和2001年同一时相的植被进行NPP估算。[结果]1999年,长白山西部NPP最大值是134.408 3 t(DW)/(hm2·a),最小值是7.885 2t(DW)/(hm2·a);2001年,NPP最大值是86.372 3 t(DW)/(hm2·a),最小值是17.566 3 t(DW)/(hm2·a)。长白山西部NPP的最大值主要集中在图们市、延吉市、龙井市、和龙市山区。1999年的NPP分布范围明显比2001年大,同时,1999年的NPP值普遍比2001年高。[结论]大尺度陆地生态系统NPP的测定研究需要加强。 相似文献