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1.
Thirteen solutions were compared to determine the optimal diluent for preservation of the viability of the Kwanyanga isolate of Cowdria ruminantium. They included the 2 diluents commonly used with C ruminantium and diluents proved effective with other rickettsiae. The capability of each diluent to maintain the viability of C ruminantium over a 3-hour period at room temperature was assessed by comparing the survival distributions of groups of outbred albino mice after they were inoculated IV with infected liver homogenates. The results indicated that the Snyder I diluent was significantly better at maintaining the viability of C ruminantium than were the other diluents studied. 相似文献
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The percentual change in the content of pro-acrosin taking place in ram semen preserved for a short and long time was examined in the period from April to October. Two diluents for keeping semen at the temperature of 16 degrees C and one diluent for keeping semen at 3 to 4 degrees C were used in short-time preservation. The content of pro-acrosin was measured 2, 8 and 12 hours after dilution. The lactoso-yolk diluent and the diluent after Milovanov (1980) were used for cryopreservation. The content of pro-acrosin was examined before and after semen freezing. In short-time preservation, no statistically significant decrease of pro-acrosin content was demonstrated in the H Milch diluent (Peter, 1975) at the storage temperature of 16 degrees C and in the diluent after Milovanov (1980) at the temperature of 3 to 4 degrees C. In the diluent prepared after Milovanov (1980) a significant decrease of pro-acrosin content during preservation was recorded at the storage temperature of 16 degrees C. When the short-time preservation diluents were compared, significant differences in pro-acrosin content were found between them. In the long-time preservation diluents a significant difference in pro-acrosin content was found before and after semen freezing; the difference between the short- and long-time preservation diluents was also significant. A positive correlation was found between sperm activity and pro-acrosin content. 相似文献
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猪精液细管法冷冻保存技术的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研制更为简易、高效的冷冻稀释液配方及冷冻程序,充分发挥优良种公猪的生产潜力,本实验采用细管法对种公猪精液冷冻保存技术进行了研究,比较了4种基础液配方稀释液冷冻效果,基础液I:葡萄糖、蔗糖、柠檬酸钠;基础液II:葡萄糖、蔗糖;基础液III:葡萄糖、乳糖、柠檬酸钠;基础液IV:葡萄糖、乳糖。结果表明:采用一步法稀释和IV液冷冻保存猪精液,其解冻后精子活率(0.501)极显著(P<0.01)高于I液(0.359)和III液(0.359),显著(P<0.05)高于II液(0.476),II液显著(P<0.05)高于I液和III液;解冻后IV液的精子顶体完整率(26.9%)显著(P<0.05)高于I液(22.4%)、II液(24.2%)和III液(22.5%),IV液冷冻解冻后精液的精子活率,在室温(23±2)℃下4h内能够保持0.30以上。 相似文献
5.
F Marco-Jiménez S Puchades E Mocé MP Viudes-de-Cartro JS Vicente M Rodriguez 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2004,39(6):438-441
Egg yolk is a common additive to sperm cryopreservation diluents. Because of its animal origin, however, it also represents a potential risk of microbiological contamination in the diluent. This potential contamination can be avoided by using powdered egg yolk, instead of fresh egg yolk, as it is pasteurized. This study was conducted to determine ram sperm cryosurvival was affected by the type of egg yolk used (powdered egg yolk or fresh egg yolk) and by yolk concentration (10, 15 or 20%) in the diluent. Microbiological analyses were also performed to quantify the microbiological contamination in the diluents containing the two types of egg yolk. Sperm cryosurvival was determined by motility and morphology analyses after thawing. Motility parameters were assessed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, and the percentage of sperm with a normal apical ridge was evaluated using a differential interference contrast microscope. No significant differences were observed between diluents in the percentage of sperm with normal apical ridge. However, higher percentages of total motile cells were observed for samples containing powdered egg yolk (69%) compared to samples containing fresh egg yolk (60%). However, sperm in diluents containing fresh egg yolk, exhibited higher values for average-path velocity, straight-line velocity and beat cross frequency and lower values for amplitude of lateral head displacement (p <0.05), compared to cells in diluents containing powdered egg yolk. Microbiological contamination was similar (<200 CFU/ml) in both diluents, and no bacterial growth was observed in either, when antibiotics were added. Therefore, powdered egg yolk can be effective used in diluents for the freezing of ram semen. However, the in vivo fertility of sperm frozen in diluents containing powdered egg yolk should be tested, as some motility parameters were different for sperm treated with powdered egg yolk compared to fresh egg yolk. 相似文献
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试验旨在探究不同pH的弱酸性环境常温稀释液对于猪精液常温保存的影响。通过测定不同pH（PH为6．2、6．3、6．4、6．5、6．6、6．7）的稀释液条件下猪精子的活率、质膜完整率和顶体完整性来检测对猪精液的保存效果。结果表明,稀释48h后,pH为6．4和6．5的稀释液中精子活率、质膜完整性和顶体完整性都分别出现降低,明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。pH为6．2时,稀释液中精子的活率、质膜完整性和顶体完整性显著降低（P〈0．01）,不同PH的稀释液稀释后精液的品质在24h后开始出现明显的下降（P〈0．05）。试验表明,适宜猪精液常温保存的稀释液的弱酸性环境PH为6．4和6．5,在24h内保存效果较好。 相似文献
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M A Schoenbaum J D Freund G W Beran 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1991,198(8):1393-1397
Because of the importance of environmental survival of pseudorabies virus to proposals to eradicate the virus from swine in the United States, survival of the virus was studied in various diluents and on combinations of diluents and solid fomites at 25 C. Suspensions of the virus in phosphate-buffered saline and saline G solutions remained infectious for at least 10 days. Infectivity of other virus/diluent suspensions decreased to less than 10 plaque-forming units/ml in 14 days (swine urine), 7 days (well water), 4 days (swine saliva), 2 days (lagoon water and swine nasal washings), and 1 day (swine pit effluent, chlorinated water, and bile). Suspensions of pseudorabies virus in saline G solution and on the solid fomites, whole corn, and steel remained infectious for at least 7 days. Infectivity of other virus/diluent/fomite combinations decreased to less than 10 plaque-forming units/ml in 7 days. The role of the fomites as vehicles for transmission of infection is discussed. 相似文献
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黄芪多糖注射液对猪瘟耐热保护剂活疫苗在兔体内免疫效果的影响 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
试验旨在研究黄芪多糖(astragalus polysaccharide,APS)注射液作为猪瘟疫苗稀释液及黄芪多糖作为疫苗佐剂提供数据支持。用1%的黄芪多糖注射液、猪瘟疫苗专用稀释液、生理盐水3种不同猪瘟疫苗稀释液稀释兔源猪耐热保护剂活疫苗免疫兔体,比较免疫后不同时间段内血液中的淋巴细胞的活性及血清中的猪瘟抗体、白介素2(interleukin 2,IL-2)、白介素6(interleukin 6,IL-6)、γ干扰素(interferon γ,IFN-γ)、新蝶呤(neopterin,Npt)水平,综合评价3种不同猪瘟疫苗稀释液对兔源猪瘟耐热保护剂活疫苗在兔体内免疫效果的影响。结果表明,黄芪多糖能不同程度的提高抗体水平和多种细胞因子的含量。因此,黄芪多糖注射液可以作为猪瘟疫苗稀释液或改良现有猪瘟疫苗稀释液,黄芪多糖也可以作为猪瘟疫苗佐剂。 相似文献
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不同稀释液对猪精液常温保存效果的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
试验以猪精液为材料通过6个配方的初步筛选,得出配方4的保存效果最好,有效存活时间为5.12d,然后在此基础上添加海藻糖、维生素B12等药物进行不同浓度的配方筛选实验。通过对精子有效存活时间、总存活时间、存活指数等项目的比较,结果表明:配方Ⅲ(3即添加海藻糖0.15g/100mL)在(17±0.1)℃恒温下保存效果最好,其数值分别为(6.25±1.13)d、13.00d、(5.17±0.33)d;其有效存活时间与配方Ⅰ、Ⅱ1、Ⅱ2、Ⅱ3、Ⅳ配方之间差异极显著(P<0.01),与配方Ⅲ1、Ⅲ2差异不显著。因此,添加海藻糖0.15g/100mL浓度的配方其常温保存效果明显好于对照组及添加维生素B12和混合添加2种药物组。 相似文献
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KM Morton PC Thomson K Bailey G Evans WMC Maxwell 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):637-643
Artificial insemination (AI) is poorly developed in camelids owing to the difficulty in collecting high quality semen and the highly viscous nature of the semen. Semen collected by artificial vagina (AV) is often of low quality and must be improved before any further development of AI technology can occur. The present study investigated the effects of adding a cervix‐like stricture to the AV, presence of females, collecting semen into Androhep®, skim‐milk or Tris diluents, and catalase supplementation (0, 100, 200 or 600 units/ml) of Tris diluent on alpaca semen quality parameters. The addition of a cervix‐like stricture increased mating length (p < 0.05), whilst the presence of females during semen collection did not improve semen quality parameters (p > 0.05). Collection of semen into Tris diluent improved sperm motility (58.0 ± 11.9%) compared with the control (34.0 ± 10.8%; p < 0.05), Androhep® (33.5 ± 10.7%) and skim‐milk diluents (28.2 ± 10.4%). Semen viscosity was reduced by collection into Androhep® (4.6 ± 1.7 mm) and skim‐milk diluents (3.6 ± 1.3 mm) compared with Tris diluent (5.7 ± 2.1 mm) and no collection medium (9.3 ± 3.5 mm; p < 0.05). Tris diluent supplemented with 100, 200 or 600 units/ml catalase increased semen viscosity (5.0 ± 3.2 and 4.9 ± 3.2 mm). Collection of alpaca semen by AV into Tris diluent increased semen quality facilitating further development of AI technology in alpacas. 相似文献
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F. Van Wambeke 《British poultry science》1977,18(2):163-168
1. Semen of White Leghorn and Rhode Island Red males was stored for 24 h in diluents hypertonic (460 mOsm/kg H2O) and isotonic (340 mOsm/kg H2O) to cock seminal plasma.
2. Compared with the fertility results with semen that had been stored in the hypertonic diluent or was fresh, the fertility of the White Leghorns was not affected after storage in the isotonic diluent; a decrease (P < 0.lb05) was observed, however, using Rhode Island Red semen and isotonic diluent.
3. Fresh RIR semen contained 2.lb31% “neck‐bent spermatozoa” (NBS) which was increased to 4.lb23% and 5.lb76% after dilution in hypertonic and isotonic diluents respectively and stored for 24 h. It is doubtful whether this increase (P < 0.lb05) is the sole reason for the lowered fertility obtained with this breed after storage in the isotonic diluent. 相似文献
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1. Survival of emu spermatozoa during in vitro storage is not affected by increasing the extracellular [K+] to the point where it does not adversely affect spermatozoa function. 2. In three experiments, the effects were studied of [K+] in a diluent in the range 12·5–80?mM/l on emu spermatozoa survival for up to 48?h at 5, 10 or 20°C. 3. At the end of the storage period, spermatozoa viability, motility, fertilising ability and morphology were measured. 4. In Experiment 1, spermatozoa viability and morphology were adversely affected after storage (P?M/l [K+] whereas spermatozoa motility decreased as [K+] increased from 12·5 to 80?mM/l. 5. In Experiment 2, during storage at 5°C, the spermatozoa viability was comparable among any of the diluents (standard or modified) but morphology was better (P? 6. In Experiment 3, after 48?h of storage in a diluent containing 40?mM/l of [K+], the spermatozoa functions were better preserved at 10°C than at 5 or 20°C. 7. It is concluded that a higher than physiological level of potassium can be used in a diluent without detrimental effect on emu spermatozoa survival during 48?h storage and that the best outcome was with storage at 10°C rather than 5 or 20°C. 相似文献
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【目的】探究在冷冻稀释液中添加大豆卵磷脂代替10%卵黄对梅花鹿精液冷冻保存效果的影响,为梅花鹿人工授精体系的完善提供参考。【方法】采用电刺激法采集梅花鹿精液,以精液冷冻稀释液中分别添加1%、2%、3%、4%和5%大豆卵磷脂代替10%卵黄作为试验组,添加20%卵黄作为对照组,分别进行各组精液冷冻保存。5 d后,进行精液解冻,检测解冻后各组精子的活力、质膜完整率、顶体完整率、线粒体活性、存活时间,筛选合适浓度的大豆卵磷脂。选取4～5岁健康雌性梅花鹿,肌肉注射300 IU孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和0.4 mg氯前列醇钠进行同期发情处理,发情后第20 h用20%卵黄组与筛选出的大豆卵磷脂组冻精进行人工输精,输精后30 d使用B超检测仪检测妊娠情况,统计妊娠率。【结果】与对照组相比,1%大豆卵磷脂组冻融后的精子活力、向前活动力、快速前进活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率及线粒体活性均显著提高(P<0.05);随着稀释液中大豆卵磷脂浓度的增加,其冻融后精子活力、向前活动力、快速前进活力、活率、质膜完整率、顶体完整率以及线粒体活性呈下降趋势,精子存活时间也随浓度的增加而减少。1%大豆卵磷... 相似文献
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为提高猪精液的保存效果,设计了3种常温保存稀释液配方,并对保存后的精子进行了顶体染色,为猪精液常温保存技术及稀释液配方的研究提供参考依据。结果表明：当精子活率为50％与30％时,配方Ⅱ的精子保存时间均显著高于（P<0.05）配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ,且配方Ⅱ所保存精子的总存活时间也显著高于（P<0.05）配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ;在精液保存24h后,3种配方保存的精子顶体完整率均在95％以上,且差异不显著（P>0.05）,配方Ⅱ对精子的常温保存效果要优于配方Ⅰ与配方Ⅲ。 相似文献
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<正> 猪精液在常温稀释液中保持有效活力时间的长短,稀释液配方起重要作用。 本试验在总结前人经验的基础上,根据精液的生理生化特点和常温保存的原理,设计四种配方,并从中筛选出常温保存效果最佳的一种稀释液配方。 一、材料和方法 本试验在郴州地区桂阳县荷叶畜牧站进行,从1982年起到1985年6月底结束。试验 相似文献
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山羊精液冷冻过程中影响因素分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本试验采用三种稀释液配方，三种甘油浓度、三种卵黄浓度及三种始冻温度，按既定的程序对山羊精液进行冷冻解冻，逐步检查精液的活力和活精子百分率（简称活率）。并在采精之后，冷冻前、解冻后对精子进行电镜扫描超激结构观察，所有数据进行单因子差异显著性分析得出：三种稀释液中，Ｃ液最差，Ａ、Ｂ液差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ａ较好。三种甘油浓度冻精活率差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０５），６％最好。精子顶体损伤率随甘油浓度增加而增加。不同的卵黄浓度和始冻温度差异均不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）。用含甘油６％的冻精对两只超排母羊输精，发情后第八天冲卵镜检，受精率达９７．０％，胚胎发育率达８７．３％。 相似文献
18.
A. CALDERON YUBI J. M. FERGUSON J. P. RENTON S. HARKER M. J. A. HARVEY B. BAGYENJI T. A. DOUGLAS 《The Journal of small animal practice》1987,28(8):753-761
Canine semen was obtained by digital manipulation from two donor dogs and twelve stud dogs. The sperm-rich fraction was diluted with either of two different diluents and the survival of spermatozoa before and after freezing was determined. It appeared that there was no difference in the post-thaw survival rate in either of the diluents used. 相似文献
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Effects of seven different blood diluents (distilled water, Triton X-100, saponin, isotonic saline solution, pH 7.5 and 8 phosphate buffers and bovine serum albumin) and two chromophores: 5, 5'-dithiobis 2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) and 2,2'-dithiodipyridine (2- PDS) on blood cholinesterase determination in four domestic species (cow, sheep, goat and horse) are described and compared. Haemolytic diluents (distilled water, Triton X-100 and saponin) gave the best precision results when fresh blood was assayed. However, Triton X-100 induced lower ChE activity values in horses, and saponin yielded very high backgrounds in all species tested; so distilled water was recommended as diluent for fresh blood cholinesterase determination. In frozen samples all diluents (except Triton X-100) gave homogeneous final ChE results and showed good between-run precision.Use of 2- PDS as chromophore allowed to do kinetic measurements with approximately 1/3 less haemoglobin interference than when DTNB was employed. This fact allows the use of more concentrated whole blood samples, improving measurements accuracy and decreasing the possible reactivation of inhibited ChE. On the basis of these results, distilled water as diluent and 2- PDS as chromophore are recommended for ChE determination in whole blood. 相似文献
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旨在评价不同种类稀释液对乐至黑山羊精液品质的影响。配制柠檬酸-Tris（1号）、磷酸盐（2号）和OviXcell（3号）3种稀释液,采集8只乐至黑山羊新鲜精液,采用上述稀释液进行冷冻保存;测定并比较添加不同稀释液冷冻保存的山羊精液在采集后、平衡后以及解冻后的精子活力、精子畸形率、精子顶体完整率。结果表明：在3种稀释液中,添加OviXcell稀释液（3号）的精液其解冻后精子活力和顶体完整率均最高,精子畸形率最低。提示OviXcell稀释液更适用于乐至黑山羊精液的体外冷冻保存。 相似文献