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1.
醋酸铅对妊娠小鼠雌性后代受精和胚胎发育毒性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
将妊娠小鼠随机分为高剂量 (1 / 1 0LD50 )、中剂量 (1 / 50LD50 )、低剂量 (1 / 2 50LD50 )和溶剂对照组。高、中、低剂量染毒组和对照组小鼠分别于妊娠的 9,1 1 ,1 3,1 5d和 1 7d腹腔注射 1 .2 g/mL ,0 .2 4g/mL和 0 .0 48g/mL的醋酸铅 [Pb(CH3COO) 2 ·3H2 O]溶液和灭菌蒸馏水 ,注射量 0 .0 1mL/ g。研究醋酸铅对染毒妊娠小鼠雌性后代生长发育和卵母细胞受精、受精卵卵裂及早期胚胎发育的影响。试验结果表明 :①各组后代母鼠断奶后体重变化规律类似 ,试验结束时各组小鼠平均体重无统计学差异(P >0 .0 5) ;②各染毒组后代母鼠受精卵比率极显著低于对照组 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;③染毒组后代母鼠早期胚胎发育受到显著影响 ,主要表现为回收胚胎中正常发育为囊胚的比例显著降低(P <0 .0 1 ) ,同时发育延迟胚及退化变性胚的综合比例显著升高 (P <0 .0 1 )。 相似文献
2.
将420只体质量为(15.32±2.01)g的雌性昆明系小鼠随机分为5个处理组和1个对照组,每组设7个重复,每个重复10只。各处理组分别腹腔按体质量注射10、15、20、25、30mg/kg的醋酸铅溶液,对照组注射等体积的灭菌生理盐水,每隔2d注射并称重1次,共注射10次,期间记录小鼠体质量及临床表现。当小鼠体质量达到25g以上时,分批对各试验组和对照组进行超排处理,腹腔注射10IU马绒毛膜促性腺激素(PMSG),47h后注射10IU人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG),并与公鼠合笼。合笼后87~96h内颈椎脱臼处死小鼠,观察卵巢、子宫形态,并统计胚胎数,同时制作卵巢、子宫石蜡切片,观察其病理组织学变化,研究醋酸铅对雌性小鼠卵巢、子宫组织结构及早期胚胎发育的影响。结果显示:(1)当醋酸铅染毒剂量≥20mg/kg时,可明显抑制小鼠体质量的增长,随着染毒剂量的增加,作用时间的延长,小鼠体质量增加明显趋缓,与对照组相比,差异显著或极显著(P0.05,P0.01);(2)染铅组母鼠早期胚胎发育受到显著影响,主要表现为回收胚胎总数以及受精卵发育到桑椹胚和囊胚的总数均显著低于对照组(P0.05),而各染铅组退化胚、延迟胚数和未受精卵总数显著高于对照组(P0.05);(3)染铅组卵巢中的初级卵泡、次级卵泡、成熟卵泡数量明显低于对照组,而原始卵泡、闭锁卵泡数量明显高于对照组。(4)染铅组小鼠卵巢和子宫形态发生明显畸形,当醋酸铅染毒剂量≥20mg/kg时,与对照组相比,差异显著或极显著(P0.05,P0.01)。且上述变化均呈明显的剂量一时间效应。研究结果表明,当醋酸铅暴露剂量≥20mg/kg时,可对小鼠生长发育具有明显抑制作用,同时使母鼠生殖器官卵巢和子宫的结构造成严重损害,并影响其生殖功能与早期胚胎发育。 相似文献
3.
试验选取昆明种小鼠,采用经口灌胃法,研究磺胺二甲嘧啶对小鼠亚慢性毒性、骨髓细胞微核和精子畸形的影响。结果显示,亚慢性毒性试验中,高、中剂量组小鼠体重与对照组和低剂量组差异极显著(P＜0.01);高剂量组雄性小鼠心脏的脏器系数与对照组和低剂量组差异显著(P＜0.05);高剂量组雄性小鼠肾脏的脏器系数显著低于对照组(P＜0.05),雌性小鼠肾脏的脏器数显著低于对照组与低剂量组(P＜0.05);小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验中高剂量组与空白对照组差异显著(P＜0.05),高、中、低剂量组间无显著差异;小鼠精子畸形试验中,高、中剂量组与空白对照组差异极显著(P＜0.01),低剂量组与空白对照组差异显著(P＜0.05),高剂量组与中、低剂量组差异显著(P＜0.05)。结果表明,高剂量的磺胺二甲嘧啶对小鼠的心脏和肾脏及微核发生率有一定影响;中剂量的磺胺二甲嘧啶对雌性小鼠的微核发生率具有一定影响;高、中、低剂量的磺胺二甲嘧啶对精子畸形率均具有一定影响。 相似文献
4.
将50只SPF级成年雄性小鼠随机分为5组:苯甲酸钠低剂量组(0.268g/kg·bw)、中剂量组0.537g/kg·bw)、高剂量组(1.073g/kg·bw)、环磷酰胺阳性对照组(50mg/kg·bw)和生理盐水空白对照组,采用一次性经口灌胃染毒,1次/d,连续5d。于首次染毒后的第35天颈椎脱臼将小鼠处死,取附睾制片,观察小鼠精子形态,对小鼠精子畸形率进行统计分析。结果表明,苯甲酸钠染毒各组小鼠精子畸形率普遍高于空白对照组,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01),且随着染毒剂量的增加,精子畸形率也有相应升高,呈现出一定的剂量-反应关系。 相似文献
5.
研究外源褪黑激素(MT)对昆明白小鼠生长和繁殖性能的影响,为外源MT在畜牧生产上的应用提供依据。将40只昆明白小鼠(公、母各半)随机分成4组,用皮下埋植的方法埋植不同剂量(0、1、4、8mg)的外源MT,每3d称量1次小鼠的体重并记录;MT处理11周后,试验公鼠与正常母鼠交配,记录受精卵的数量;试验母鼠与正常公鼠交配,记录冲出卵的数量,14周后HE染色,制作睾丸和卵巢切片。在体重增长方面,外源MT对昆明白公鼠体重增长有促进作用,皮下埋植8mg组的促进作用显著(P<0.05);对昆明白母鼠体重增长有抑制作用,皮下埋植8mg组的抑制作用显著(P<0.05)。在繁殖性能方面,外源MT对昆明白鼠公鼠繁殖性能抑制作用显著,皮下埋植1mg和4mg组抑制作用显著(P<0.05),但皮下埋植外源MT8mg组和对照组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。外源MT对昆明白鼠生长和繁殖性能有影响,并存在性别和剂量的依赖性。 相似文献
6.
为探讨母鼠妊娠期铅镉联合暴露对新生鼠生长发育及脑组织病理学变化的影响,20只怀孕SD母鼠被随机分为4组,即A组为对照组(饮用蒸馏水)、B组为铅组(300mg/L)、C组为镉组(10mg/L)、D组为铅+镉组(300mg/L+10mg/L)。采用饮水染毒,期间记录母鼠体质量及临床症状,染毒结束后记录新生鼠体质量及脑质量,并采集新生鼠大脑皮质观察其病理组织学变化,染毒时间为21d。结果表明,与对照组比较,各染毒组母鼠体质量均低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);而新生鼠体质量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),脑质量也明显下降,除C组无显著性差异外,其余各组差异显著(P<0.05);病理组织学变化显示,光学显微镜观察大脑皮质未见明显异常,透射电镜下可见各染毒组神经细胞核染色质浓缩,线粒体肿胀、嵴部分或完全消失。铅镉联合毒性明显强于铅镉单独作用,铅镉联合表现协同毒性效应,镉在铅镉联合毒性损伤中发挥主要作用。 相似文献
7.
为了研究低剂量汞对SD大鼠血液生理生化指标的影响,24只SD大鼠被随机分为4组,分别为对照组(蒸馏水),汞低剂量组(50 mg/L),汞中剂量组(100 mg/L),汞高剂量组(200 mg/L),采用自由饮水染毒,染毒时间为21d.运用全自动血液细胞分析仪测定RBC、WBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCH、MCHC、PLT等血液生理指标的变化;采用半自动生化分析仪测定汞对大鼠血清生化指标TP、ALB、BUN、CR、GLU、TBIL、TCH、TG含量和ALT、AST活性的影响.结果显示,随染毒浓度的增加,各染毒组WBC呈升高趋势,与对照组相比,差异显著(P<0.05);而RBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCH、MCHC和PLT则呈降低趋势,部分组间差异显著(P<0.05);GLU、ALB和TP含量呈降低趋势(P<0.05或P>0.05),而CR、BUN和TBIL含量及ALT、AST活性呈升高趋势(P<0.05或P>0.05),此外,当汞染毒剂量在50、100 mg/L时,TG和TCH含量呈升高趋势,而在200 mg/L时则显著降低,与对照组比较,均有显著差异(P<0.05).低剂量汞暴露对SD大鼠血液生理生化指标有显著影响,且存在明显剂量-效应关系;低剂量汞暴露主要引起SD大鼠小细胞低色素性贫血及不同程度肝、肾损伤. 相似文献
8.
川楝素对昆明小鼠的胚胎毒性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
取体重18~25 g雌鼠,超数排卵后与公鼠合笼。获得的孕鼠随机分为 6 组,分别用于研究川楝素对孕鼠2 细胞胚、桑椹胚、囊胚3个时期胚胎的毒性。每个时期均设对照组,以小鼠腹腔注射1/30半数致死量(LD50)的川楝素剂量对以上3个时期试验组孕鼠染毒2次,对照组孕鼠用等量PBS注射。研究其着床时期胚胎毒性时不对小鼠进行超数排卵,但试验组孕鼠染毒3次,对照组孕鼠用等量PBS注射。最后计数、观察4个时期孕鼠子宫内的胚胎数量和形态。结果表明:2 细胞胚、桑椹胚、囊胚时期试验组胚胎总数与对照组相比,没有统计学上差异(P>0 05); 2 细胞期试验组正常胚胎、异常胚胎数量与对照组相比,也无统计学上的差异(P> 0 05);桑椹胚、囊胚时期试验组正常胚胎、异常胚胎数量与对照组相比,具有极显著差异(P<0 01)。3 次染毒对着床后的胚胎毒性最大,子宫内胚胎几乎全部溶解,无法计数。母体组织病理切片观察发现川楝素对主要器官心、肝、肺、肾、子宫仅有轻微损害,提示腹腔注射小剂量川楝素对怀孕小鼠具有特定的胚胎毒性。 相似文献
9.
《中兽医医药杂志》2016,(5)
为了评价藿芪灌注液治疗奶牛卵巢静止和持久黄体的临床效果,将确诊为患持久黄体和卵巢静止的病牛各40头随机分为4组,分别为藿芪灌注液高、中(推荐剂量)、低剂量治疗组和对照药物治疗组,每组10头。试验组每头牛每次分别按150 m L、100 m L和50 m L的剂量子宫灌注,隔日1次,4次为1个疗程;对照药物治疗组为促孕灌注液,每次100 m L,隔日1次,4次为1个疗程。试验结果表明,用藿芪灌注液治疗奶牛持久黄体的高、中、低剂量组的治愈率分别为80%、70%和50%,总有效率分别为90%、90%和60%;对照组治愈率80%,总有效率90%,藿芪灌注液高剂量组、中剂量组与对照组的治愈率和总有效率均显著高于低剂量组(P0.05),高剂量组与中剂量组之间无显著性差异(P0.05);高、中剂量组与对照组之间无显著性差异(P0.05)。用藿芪灌注液治疗奶牛卵巢静止高、中、低剂量组的治愈率分别为90%、80%和60%,总有效率分别为100%、100%和70%;对照组治愈率80%,总有效率90%,高剂量组、中剂量组和对照组的治愈率和总有效率均显著高于低剂量组(P0.05),高剂量组与中剂量组之间无显著性差异(P0.05),高、中剂量组与对照组之间无显著性差异(P0.05)。 相似文献
10.
为探讨母源性添加DHEA对子生理机能影响的母体效应机制,本试验选用100羽16周龄AA种母鸡随机分成对照组、低剂量试验组、中剂量试验组和高剂量试验组,每组25只。于34周龄开始在饲料中添加DHEA,剂量分别为0、25、50和100 mg.kg-1,连续饲喂7周,期间记录每天的产蛋数并称重。在试验的第49天禁饲12 h,宰杀各组鸡。采集血液、腹脂、左侧胸肌和腿肌,计算产蛋率、平均蛋重、腹脂率、相对胸肌重和相对腿肌重。测定血清中尿酸(UA)和肌酐(Cr)含量。取腿肌和胸肌制作冰冻组织切片,测定肌纤维直径和密度。结果表明,与对照组相比,低剂量组母鸡产蛋率极显著升高(P0.01),中剂量组和高剂量组则极显著降低(P0.01);试验组平均蛋重差异不显著(P0.05);高剂量组母鸡的相对腿肌重显著升高(P0.05),而低剂量组和中剂量组差异不显著(P0.05);试验组腹脂率和相对胸肌重量差异不显著(P0.05);低剂量组血清UA含量极显著升高(P0.01),中剂量组有升高趋势,高剂量组显著升高(P0.05);中剂量组和高剂量组血清Cr含量没有显著变化(P0.05),低剂量组极显著升高(P0.01);3个剂量组AA肉种鸡胸肌肌纤维直径和密度均没有显著变化(P0.05);低剂量组腿肌肌纤维直径没有显著变化(P0.05),中剂量组显著减小(P0.05),高剂量组极显著减小(P0.01);低剂量组腿肌肌纤维密度没有显著变化(P0.05),中剂量组显著增大(P0.05),高剂量组极显著增大(P0.01)。 相似文献
11.
为了探讨添加不同水平L-赖氨酸的精液稀释液对杜泊羊鲜精液态保存下品质的影响,试验选用健康的杜泊种公羊3只,采集精液,等量分装,分别加入到含不同水平(0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4和0.5 g) L-赖氨酸的120 mL稀释液中,在0、6、24、30、48、54、72和78 h对精子活力、质膜完整率和顶体完整率进行检测。结果表明,添加0、0.1、0.2 g L-赖氨酸组精子活力较其他添加水平组高,添加0.4和0.5 g L-赖氨酸组精子活力下降速度快,添加0.5 g L-赖氨酸组精子活力在30 h时降为0,添加0.4 g L-赖氨酸组精子活力在48 h时降为0;添加0.1 g L-赖氨酸组精子有效存活时间和生存指数最高,与其他组间差异显著(P< 0.05);质膜完整率0.1 g组最高,贮存0~54 h间与对照组间差异不显著(P >0.05),72 h后与对照组间出现显著性差异(P< 0.05),0.4和0.5 g组最差,与其他组间差异显著(P< 0.05);顶体完整率0.1 g组最高,与对照组间差异不显著(P >0.05),0.4和0.5 g组最差,二者差异不显著(P >0.05),除贮存0和6 h外,与其他组间差异极显著(P< 0.01)。结果提示,稀释液中添加高浓度的L-赖氨酸对精液品质有抑制作用,当L-赖氨酸添加水平≥0.2 g,精子品质显著下降,添加0.1 g L-赖氨酸有助于提高杜泊羊鲜精液态保存的品质。 相似文献
12.
MAO Ran LI Qing-quan SHI Yan LAN Xiang-li WANG Min ZONG Ze-jun XIA Guo-zhong HAN Tian-long 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(12):3308-3314
In order to explore the effect of different L-lysine levels added in semen dilution on the fresh Dorper sheep quality stored at liquid state,3 health Dorper ram were used to collect semen which were equal-packaged and added to solution containing different levels (0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 and 0.5 g) L-lysine in 120 mL diluent and at 0,6,24,30,48,54,72 and 78 h,the sperm motility,membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were detected.The results showed that the sperm motility in groups added 0,0.1 and 0.2 g L-lysine were higher than other groups,and that in 0.4 and 0.5 g L-lysine groups decreased faster than other groups;The sperm motility in 0.5 g L-lysine group reduced to 0 at 30 h,and it reduced to 0 at 48 h in the group added 0.4 g L-lysine;The effective survival time and survival index in the group added 0.1 g L-lysine was higher than other groups (P< 0.05);The membrane integrity of 0.1 g group was the highest,that had no significant difference with control group from 0 to 54 h (P >0.05),while after 72 h the two groups had significant differences (P< 0.05).The membrane integrity in 0.4 and 0.5 g groups were the worst,and that was significant different with other groups (P< 0.05);The acrosome integrity of 0.1 g group was the highest which had no significant difference with control group (P >0.05),0.4 and 0.5 g groups were the worst,the difference between them was not significant (P >0.05),while was extremely significant difference with other groups except for 0 and 6 h (P< 0.01).The results suggested that dilution added a high concentration of L-lysine could inhibit sperm quality,when the count of L-lysine was more than 0.2 g,sperm quality was significantly decreased,adding 0.1 g L-lysine could improve Dorper sheep fresh sperm quality stored at liquid state. 相似文献
13.
Effect of the repartitioning agent cimaterol on growth, carcass and skeletal muscle characteristics in lambs 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ten crossbred (Suffolk X Rambouillet) whether lambs were randomly assigned to receive 0 or 10 ppm cimaterol (CIM) in a completely mixed high-concentrate diet for 8 wk. Total weight gain and feed efficiency were improved 29% (P less than .05) and 14%, respectively, in the CIM-fed group. CIM also improved (P less than .01) dressing percent by 4.9 percentage points and improved yield grade by one grade. CIM increased longissimus muscle (LD) area 38% (P less than .01) and the yield of four lean cuts 28% (P less than .01). No difference was found in the proportion of type I (slow-contracting, oxidative) and type II (fast-contracting, mixed glycolytic/oxidative) fibers in LD and semitendinosus (ST) muscles between control and CIM groups, indicating no change in fiber type. The cross-sectional area of type II fibers in LD and ST muscles of the CIM group was 2,081 and 1,951 micron 2 as compared with 1,391 and 1,296 micron2 of the control group, respectively. The increase was approximately 50% (P less than .01). No difference was found in cross-sectional area of type I fibers, indicating that the increase of muscle mass was due to hypertrophy of type II fibers only. DNA concentration (micrograms/g wet muscle or microgram/g protein) of CIM muscle was much lower (P less than .01) than that of control muscle, suggesting that the protein accretion in muscle was accomplished without additional incorporation of nuclei from satellite cells. 相似文献
14.
抗真菌药安特芬的小鼠微核试验与精子畸形试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用小鼠精子畸形试验和微核试验,对安特芬(特比萘芬)进行体内致突变性评价。微核试验:小鼠32只分4组(阴性组、阳性组、治疗量组、2倍治疗量组),连续两次灌胃,间隔24 h,末次灌胃6 h后处死小鼠,取股骨制成骨髓涂片,Gimsa染色,读取微核率;精子畸形试验:雄性小鼠32只分4组(阴性组、阳性组、治疗量组、2倍治疗量组),灌胃5 d,首次给药35 d后处死小鼠,取附睾制片,读取精子畸形率。试验结果显示,安特芬试验组小鼠微核发生率与阴性对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),而阳性对照组微核发生率极显著高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01);安特芬试验组小鼠精子畸形率与阴性对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),阳性对照组精子畸形率极显著高于阴性对照组(P＜0.01)。研究结果表明,新药安特芬在推荐剂量下无体内致突变作用。 相似文献
15.
为探讨中药岩陀黄酮与黄芩多糖复合物的药用安全性,为其开发利用提供科学依据,开展大鼠经口急性毒性试验、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验、小鼠精子畸形试验和骨髓细胞微核试验,对岩陀黄酮&黄芩多糖提取物进行安全性评价。结果显示岩陀黄酮与黄芩多糖复合物对大鼠的经口染毒LD50>5g/kg·BW,为无毒级别,大鼠无临床症状,未发现明显可见的病理变化;两次鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验表明无致突变性;小鼠精子畸变率为1.99%-2.06%,高中低三个剂量组的精子畸形率与阴性对照组比较差异不显著（p＞0.05）;骨髓细胞微核率高、中、低三个剂量组与阴性对照组比较差异不显著（p＞0.05）。结论：岩陀黄酮与黄芩多糖复合物作为中兽药安全性较好。 相似文献
16.
为研究H5N1亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)的抗药机制,本研究选取Clade2.3.4亚群中一株对金刚烷胺敏感的人源AIV A/Guangxi/1/2005(H5N1)(S-GX05),用抗流感病毒药物金刚烷胺对其进行定向诱导,筛选出一株抗药性病毒株,命名为R-A/Guangxi/1/2005(R-GX05)。通过全基因测序并与S-GX05全基因序列进行对比,结果显示S-GX05只在其M2蛋白中有一个氨基酸位点发生突变,即A30P;抗药性鉴定这两株病毒的半数药物抑制浓度(IC50)分别为0.9μM和48.9μM,表明R-GX05对金刚烷胺表现出一定程度的抗性。动物实验证实,这两株病毒对BALB/c小鼠的致病性基本一致,均表现出高致病性,其MLD50分别为4.7 log10 EID50和5.0 log10 EID50,两株病毒在小鼠体内各组织脏器中的分布及增殖能力也基本相同。这些结果表明,S-GX05在药物压力下产生抗药性后,并未引起其它生物学特性的改变。A30P的发现为进一步从分子水平上研究H5N1亚型AIV的抗药机制及新型抗流感新药的研发奠定了基础。 相似文献
17.
Comparative digestion, rumen fermentation and kinetics of forage diets by steers and wethers 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Four rumen fistulated wether and beef steers were used to evaluate differences in dry matter digestibility (DMD) between cattle and sheep. They were fed either perennial ryegrass or switchgrass hay at an ad libitum or restricted level for four experimental periods. Significant ruminant species X forage and ruminant species X level of intake (P less than .05) interactions were observed for digestible dry matter. The steers digested the switchgrass 7 percentage units greater than the wethers while ryegrass was digested equally. Digestibility differences between the steers and wethers were 6 percentage units at the ad libitum level of intake and 1 unit at the restricted level of intake. Crude protein digestibility tended to be greater (P less than .10) for sheep with a 7 unit difference for switchgrass and a 3 unit difference for ryegrass. The mean ruminal solids retention time of the digesta was approximately (P less than .01) 50% greater (26.0 vs 17.4 h) in cattle, with no difference in ruminal liquid dilution rate (LD) between animal species. Total ruminal volatile fatty acid concentration differed (P less than .01) with level of intake; however, no influence due to intake on the molar proportion of acetate (P greater than .10) or propionate (P greater than .10) was evident in spite of a difference (P less than .01) in LD. Rumen pH (P less than .05) and osmolality (P less than .01) were affected by both level of intake and forage, with the ryegrass and high level of intake decreasing pH and increasing osmolality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
18.
The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract (Amaferm) on the in vitro ruminal fermentation of coastal bermudagrass, soluble starch and amino acids. Mixed ruminal microorganisms were incubated in anaerobic media for either 24 h (Amaferm alone, soluble starch, amino acids) or 48 h (bermudagrass). Amaferm was added to the incubation bottles (n = 4) at concentrations of 0, .4 or 1.0 g/liter. When mixed ruminal microorganisms were incubated with only Amaferm, the 1.0 g/liter concentration increased the production of hydrogen (H2; P less than .001), methane (CH4; P less than .01), acetate (P less than .05), butyrate (P less than .01), total VFA (P less than .05) and NH3 (P less than .05). Addition of both levels of Amaferm to soluble-starch fermentations tended to enhance the production of H2 (P less than .11), CH4 (P less than .15), acetate (P less than .29) and total VFA (P less than .19); propionate production was increased (P less than .10) by 1.0 g/liter Amaferm, resulting in a decrease (P less than .05) in the acetate:propionate ratio. Fermentation of amino acids plus 1.0 g/liter Amaferm enhanced the production of acetate (P less than .05), propionate (P less than .05), valerate (P less than .01) and total VFA (P less than .10) and decreased the acetate:propionate ratio (P less than .05). In addition, NH3 production tended (P less than .19) to increase with both levels of Amaferm. When bermudagrass was the substrate, few changes in fermentation products were observed with Amaferm treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献