共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 546 毫秒
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通过对新疆地区棉花产业的调研表明,2019年新疆棉花生产方面"面积稳定,产量比重增加,机采棉面积快速增长,品质意识逐步增强,市场品质导向明显,生产成本基本不变,但植棉效益下降";棉花加工纺织方面"籽棉价格低位运行,高品质棉有价无市,皮棉价格下行,国内外价差缩小,纺织服装产业稳步增长,棉纺企业产能已达1800万锭"。同时分析了新形势下新疆棉花生产在"棉花生产环境压力,规模化、标准化、机械化、智能化发展,植棉成本与植棉效益,原棉品质和生产者结构"等方面存在的问题,并提出了对策。旨在促进新疆棉花绿色健康发展。 相似文献
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关于新疆棉花目标价格补贴试点政策的探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从2014年开始,国家改革了棉花市场调控政策,在新疆实施棉花目标价格补贴试点。本文在分析新疆棉花生产情况的基础上,探讨了棉花目标价格补贴试点的总体思路、关键问题及建议。 相似文献
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在棉花产量品质协同提高的前提下实现高产更高产是棉花增产增效的有效途径。通过总结新疆南疆多年棉花超高产实践，在新疆南疆棉花量质协同提高和10 000 kg·hm―2以上籽棉产量水平下，确定了适宜的棉花品种特征特性、土壤肥力水平和种植模式，明确了棉花“温光高能壮个体”和“高光效优群体”的关键生长发育质量指标，提出了棉花优质高产高效生产的生育调控、养分调控、水分调控、化学调控等新模式，构建了棉花优质高产高效栽培管理技术体系，实现了籽棉产量10 000 kg·hm―2以上，纤维上半部平均长度增加1.0 mm以上，断裂比强度提高0.5～1.0 cN·tex―1，经济效益显著。 相似文献
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棉花“价格保险＋期货”是一种新型棉花补贴方式，旨在探索棉花价格风险保障的市场化机制。近年来，郑州商品交易所、中国棉花协会、新疆维吾尔自治区政府等先后在新疆多地开展了棉花“价格保险＋期货”试点。这些试点都取得了积极成效，但也揭示了一些问题。下一步，应贯彻落实中央文件要求，通过拓展保费来源、推动保险机制创新、加快期货市场培育、强化政策宣介等举措，不断完善试点模式方案，稳步扩大和优化试点工作。 相似文献
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选取全国棉花需求量、新疆棉花出口价格等7个自变量，应用Eviews6．0软件，用逐步回归的方法确定对因变量影响较大的主要因素，再通过确定的二元回归模型来实证分析和检验影响因素的影响程度。经分析，全国棉花需求量和新疆棉花出口价格对新疆棉花出口量的影响程度最大。为此提出了应着重降低生产成本、提高国家政策对新疆棉花生产的支持力度、构建新疆棉花现代流通体系等对策建议。 相似文献
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为了研究新疆机采棉加工工艺对棉花短纤维率的影响，围绕典型的新疆机采棉加工工艺，在昌吉回族自治州（昌吉）和巴音郭楞蒙古自治州（巴州）各选1条工艺相同的生产线，从籽棉垛（货场）、轧花前、皮棉清理前、打包前等环节取样测试，探讨新疆机采棉加工过程中棉花短纤维率的变化规律。结果：新疆机采棉加工工艺中的籽棉清理环节会降低棉花短纤维率（重量） a，对短纤维率（根数）没有影响；轧花环节会增加短纤维率（重量）、短纤维率（根数）；皮棉清理环节会产生新的短纤维，也会清理掉一部分短纤维，短纤维率（重量）降低，短纤维率（根数）在昌吉和巴州2条生产线的变化趋势相反。认为：以此定量分析结果为参考依据，在新疆机采棉加工中应重视轧花机、皮棉清理机的操作使用，做到因花配车，减少棉纤维长度损失，降低棉花短纤维率，提高新疆机采棉加工质量。 相似文献
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《Plant Production Science》2013,16(2):189-198
AbstractGrain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike. 相似文献
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《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):415-432
Summary This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed. 相似文献
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以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。 相似文献
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Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the
water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during
mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal
resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No
such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m−2 s−1 between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop. 相似文献
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Corné Kempenaar Thomas Been Johan Booij Frits van Evert Jean-Marie Michielsen Corné Kocks 《Potato Research》2017,60(3-4):295-305
Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed. 相似文献
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体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望. 相似文献
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