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本文采用批量培育法研究了在面包酵母中添加不同浓度的脂溶性维生素对褶皱臂尾轮虫的种群增殖率的影响.结果表明:面包酵母对褶皱臂尾轮虫的生长繁殖是有营养缺陷的.在面包酵母悬浮液中,当添加维生素A为0.02～5.00 μg/ml时,随着添加浓度的增大,轮虫的种群增殖率R值也增大.以添加5.00μg/ml为最佳,第4天的R值达0.75,是对照组的5.6倍.添加维生素D0.005～0.20 μg/ml对轮虫的增殖有一定促进作用,以添加0.05μg/ml为最佳,第7天的R值为0.407,是对照组的2.7倍.添加维生素E0.001～0.01 μg/ml和添加维生素K0.01～0.10 μg/ml时,第4天的R值与对照组无差异.另外大规模生产培育褶皱臂尾轮虫时,适当添加脂溶性维生素A、D的褶皱臂尾轮虫的种群增长率优于不添加脂溶性维生素A、D的对照池. 相似文献
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从褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)的基础环境因子和控制因子等各方面阐述如何提高轮虫增殖率。褶皱臂尾轮虫的适宜繁殖条件:最适pH值7~8,最适温度35℃,最适盐度18‰,比重1.016,光照4 400~10 000lx,溶氧1.5mg/L以上。轮虫接种密度以1个/mL为宜,池中轮虫繁殖密度以100个/mL为宜。提倡用光合细菌+扁藻投喂轮虫,慎用酵母培养褶皱臂尾轮虫。在适宜条件下,经10d的培养,褶皱臂尾轮虫可由原来的1个/mL增殖到1 500~2 000个/mL。 相似文献
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研究了在不同光照周期,pH和盐度突变条件下褶皱臂尾轮虫的存活和增殖率.试验结果表明,光照对褶皱臂尾轮虫种群增殖的促进作用明显,持续光照条件下轮虫种群增殖率为持续黑暗状态的3.5倍;pH存活上限9.5,下限5.5;种群增殖最适pH为7.5～8.5;种群繁殖的最适盐度为30～35,存活的下限为15,上限为40.研究结果显示,光照对于褶皱臂尾轮虫的增殖是必要的;pH的不同对褶皱臂尾轮虫带卵量、孵化率和孵化时间均有影响.盐度突变盐差越大,褶皱臂尾轮虫的适应能力(适应所需时间和存活率)越弱. 相似文献
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研究了不同浓度马拉硫磷(malathion)(0.03、0.3、3.0、30.0、300.0、3000.0μg/L)和甲氰菊酯(fenpropath-rin)(0.004、0.04、0.4、4.0、40.0、400.0μg/L)对萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)3d种群增长率、携卵雌体数/非携卵雌体数、混交雌体百分率、混交雌体受精率及7d休眠卵产量影响。结果表明,马拉硫磷、甲氰菊酯对种群增长率、混交雌体百分率、混交雌体受精率及7d休眠卵产量有显著影响;马拉硫磷对携卵雌体数/非携卵雌体数无显著影响,但甲氰菊酯有显著影响。马拉硫磷对轮虫休眠卵产量最低效应浓度(LOEC)为0.3μg/L,对混交雌体百分率LOEC为30.0μg/L,对种群增长率和混交雌体受精率LOEC为300.0μg/L;甲氰菊酯对轮虫休眠卵产量最低效应浓度0.04μg/L,对混交雌体百分率和携卵雌体数/非携卵雌体数LOEC为4.0μg/L,对种群增长率和混交雌体受精率LOEC为40.0μg/L。试验显示,马拉硫磷和甲氰菊酯对轮虫生殖存在差异,轮虫休眠卵产量可以用来监测和评价2种杀虫剂潜在的影响。 相似文献
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为了探讨不同饵料对褶皱臂尾轮虫种群生长繁殖的影响,通过在浓缩小球藻的基础上分别添加蛋黄、鱼肝油、三文鱼油、鱿鱼油和维生素,采用6种不同饵料(或组合)培养轮虫20 d,分析比较各组在轮虫的密度、怀卵量、抱卵率以及水质指标(p H、DO、氨氮)等方面的差异。结果表明,投喂不同的饵料,轮虫密度各组间存在差异,鱼肝油组轮虫密度最大,达到466个/m L,其次是鱿鱼油组和三文鱼油组,单独投喂浓缩小球藻的对照组轮虫密度最小;轮虫怀卵量各组间差异极显著(P0.01),鱼肝油组显著高于其它组(P0.05),最高达到908个/m L,其次为鱿鱼油组,对照组最低;鱼肝油组的抱卵率和日平均增殖率最高,其次是鱿鱼油组;对照组和维生素组的轮虫培养水体水质保持较好,蛋黄组水质最差。研究表明,投喂鱼肝油对轮虫的生长繁殖有显著促进作用,采用浓缩小球藻和鱼肝油混合投喂培养轮虫,可提高轮虫质量和营养价值。 相似文献
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茜坑水库轮虫群落结构组成和动态 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
茜坑水库是位于深圳市宝安区观澜镇的一座供水水库,入库水主要由于自东深引水工程调入。抽水入库和持续供水在降低了水体的水力滞留时间的同时,增加了垂直混合,改变了原有的生态过程。为了解这一抽水型水库中轮虫群落结构的变化及主要影响因子,于2012年3-12月对茜坑水库敞水区轮虫进行了逐月采样,同时测定水体的理化因子集。10次采样共观测到轮虫30种,其中臂尾轮科9种,异尾轮科4种,这些种类主要是热带、亚热带地区的常见种和优势种类。前节晶囊轮虫、截头皱甲轮虫、圆筒异尾轮虫、角突臂尾轮虫、红多肢轮虫、Keratella tecta、刺盖异尾轮虫、螺形龟甲轮虫、跃进三肢轮虫、奇异六腕轮虫、长刺异尾轮虫、长肢多肢轮虫、广布多肢轮虫、对棘异尾轮虫、剪形臂尾轮虫和热带龟甲轮虫等为优势种。全年的平均丰度和生物量分别为257.5 ind./L和80.7 μg/L,轮虫生物量在后生浮游动物总生物量中所占比例为11%;丰水期轮虫的丰度和生物量较高,进水口和库中的轮虫群落结构在组成和动态上没有显著差异。水力滞留时间是影响轮虫群落组成和动态的主要非生物因子,枝角类的竞争压力是影响群落结构的主要生物因子。 相似文献
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pH对萼花臂尾轮虫种群动态和休眠卵的影响↑（*） 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
应用种群累积培养法,研究了pH3.5～11.5(间隔1.0)之间萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionuscalyciflorus)的种群动态及休眠卵的形成。结果表明,该轮虫在pH5.5～10.5为正增长,pH7.5时种群增长趋势最好;pH4.5时为负增长;pH3.5和11.5分别是该轮虫存活下限和上限。pH对轮虫休眠卵的产量和形成效率、平均混交雌体百分率和受精率皆具极显著影响。7.5是该种轮虫休眠卵规模化生产的最佳pH值,此时休眠卵的产量和藻类食物的形成效率最大,分别为(132567±20264)/(20ml·6d)和(11.05±1.69)/(6×106cells)。 相似文献
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氟他胺对萼花臂尾轮虫的毒性影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用两天种群增长和生命表,研究了不同浓度氟他胺对萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus)的毒性影响。结果显示:轮虫种群增长率与氟他胺浓度对数负相关。氟他胺对萼花臂尾轮虫种群增长率的半效应浓度(EC50)、最低可见效应浓度(LOEC)和无可见效应浓度(NOEC)分别为4.31、3.17和1.59 mg/L。氟他胺对萼花臂尾轮虫的内禀增长率和世代时间有显著的影响(P<0.05);内禀增长率随氟他胺浓度升高而下降,其中1.59 mg/L和3.17 mg/L氟他胺浓度组内禀增长率分别比对照组降低了8.98%和17.95%(P<0.05),其无效应浓度为0.8 mg/L;而3.17 mg/L浓度组的世代时间显著延长(P<0.05)。实验结果表明内禀增长率是检测氟他胺对萼花臂尾轮虫毒性最敏感的指标。 相似文献
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Mavit ASSAVAAREE Atsushi HAGIWARA Takayuki KOGANE Misao ARIMOTO 《Fisheries Science》2003,69(3):520-528
ABSTRACT: Tropical minute rotifer strains (SS-type) induce mixis at 30–35°C but sexual reproduction and resting egg formation do not proceed well due to rapid environmental change. The present study examined the effect of temperature regulation on rotifer Brachionus rotundiformis (Langkawi strain, SS-type) resting egg formation in small (500 mL in culture volume)- and large-scale (500 L in culture volume) experiments. Rotifers were cultured at 30°C in 15–17 p.p.t. seawater with an initial density of 1 individual (ind.)/mL. After 4 days, when cultures were in exponential growth stage with active mixis induction, the culture temperature of the experimental rotifers was changed to 25°C. Control rotifers were cultured at 30°C throughout the experiment. Fresh or frozen Nannochloropsis oculata and condensed freshwater Chlorella vulgaris were used as the rotifer diets in the small- and large-scale experiments, respectively. Significantly higher resting egg production was observed with the experimental rotifers (30→ 25°C) versus the control rotifers. In the large-scale trial, experimental rotifers produced 2.6 × 106 resting eggs during a 9-day experiment, which was 1.6-fold more than the control rotifers. Moreover, the efficiency of resting egg formation was found to increase by a factor of 1.8. The present study indicates that decreasing culture temperature from 30 to 25°C after active mixis increased resting egg formation in B. rotundiformis (SS-type). 相似文献
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The rotifer Brachionus plicatilis requires vitamin B12 . Freshwater Chlorella , which is produced by traditional culture, cannot support rotifer growth under bacteria-free conditions. However, Chlorella enriched with vitamin B12 can support rotifer growth. To attain stable mass production of Brachionus , it is desirable to develop a food that can completely support growth of the rotifers. The authors cultured rotifers at experimental and mass culture scale with concentrated Chlorella vulgaris suspension enriched with vitamin B12 in their cells.
Chlorella suspensions were prepared containing different amounts of vitamin B12 in their cells, and rotifers were then cultured in 20 ml of the prepared suspensions. The highest rotifer yield was obtained from the group cultured with Chlorella containing more vitamin B12 in their cells. The suitable content of vitamin B12 in the concentrated Chlorella suspension commercially available for mass culture of the rotifer is considered to be 200 μg per 100 g dry matter of Chlorella . The amount of vitamin B12 necessary to produce one individual rotifer is calculated at 0.32 pg.
The authors conducted mass production of the rotifer with baker's yeast and refrigerated concentrated Chlorella containing vitamin B12 Rotifer culture with vitamin B12 was more stable and showed 1.3 times higher production than with normal Chlorella . 相似文献
Chlorella suspensions were prepared containing different amounts of vitamin B
The authors conducted mass production of the rotifer with baker's yeast and refrigerated concentrated Chlorella containing vitamin B
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试验采用多种方式处理酵母,检测处理后的酵母的分散度。处理方式包括搅拌、活化、搅拌+活化。本试验选取30 min和120 min两种活化时间及20℃、30℃、40℃和50℃四个不同的温度梯度对酵母进行处理。结果表明:酵母细胞的分散度为活化后搅拌(直接加水搅拌(直接活化(搅拌后活化。选取酵母细胞密度为2.3×106个/mL,3.3×106个/mL,4.2×106个/mL,5.5×106个/mL,6.4×106个/mL的酵母溶液分别对轮虫进行投喂。结果表明:扩大酵母的分散度,可显著地增加轮虫的增殖率。 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(3):101-111
ABSTRACT The production ability of freshwater rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, cultured with two algal species, Chlorella vulgaris, and Spirulina platensis, and a baker's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were studied using semicontinuous culture method. B. calyciflorus was fed with the above three types of food at five different concentrations (125, 250, 500,750, and 1,000 μg/mL). Among the three different types of diet, maximum production of B. calyciflorus (489.20 ±10.91 individuals/mL; P < 0.05) was obtained with C. vulgaris, followed by S. cerevisiae, and S. platensis. Moreover, in each of the three diets, the maximum rotifer production was obtained at a particular concentration (C. vulgaris, 750 μg/mL; S. cerevisiae, 750 μg/mL; and S. platensis, 500 μg/mL) beyond which the rotifer production decreased. The peak production due to C. vulgaris (489 individuals/mL) was better than S. cerevisiae (321 individuals/mL) when the number of rotifers was considered. The present study indicates that the quantity and quality of food have a significant role on the rotifer production and that C. vulgaris at 750 μg/mL appears suitable to feed to rotifers for maximal production. 相似文献
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The dietary value of dried, commercial Chlorella was compared with that of living marine Chlorella, and yeast, in relation to growth of the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis raised individually and by batch culture methods.A concentration of 50 μg/ml of dried Chlorella powder is near an optimal density for rotifer growth. The dried material in suspension is less effective for growth than living marine Chlorella, although it is much more effective than a suspension of yeast at the same density (50 μg/ml).In batch culture (12-l glass vessel), the rotifers grew from an initial inoculation of 13.2 individuals/ml to a density of 434 individuals/ml by the 16th day. About 107 rotifers could be removed from one batch culture in five harvests in the 41-day experimental period.The results indicate that dried Chlorella powder is an effective food for the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. 相似文献
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光合细菌配合面包酵母与藻粉培养轮虫的实验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以面包酵母与一定量螺旋藻粉培养褶皱臂尾轮虫的过程中，添加光合细菌液进行实验。结果表明：光合细菌作为辅助性饵料，对轮虫的生长具有明显特殊的促进作用。4组实验显示：投喂适宜量光合细菌轮虫增殖明显加快，但与光合细菌添加量的增加不完全呈正比关系；投喂光合细菌新鲜培养液与老培养液轮虫增殖效果相近；投喂光合细菌只能作为辅助性饵料。当配合酵母、藻粉培育轮虫时，3者在饵料上起到了良好的互补作用，培养效果最佳。 相似文献
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In the field of live food science, newly inbred strains resulting from cross-mating are of interest, especially if these strains have valuable characteristics, such as high fecundity or suitable size for the mouth of larvae. We conducted cross-mating trials using Japanese and German strains of Brachionus plicatilis and reproductive parameters were characterized and compared among their progenies. Two hybrid strains A and B were obtained from the cross-mating between a Japanese female and German male, and between a German female and Japanese male, respectively. Percent mictic female production and fertilization in both hybrid strains were lower (0%), compared with the parental strains (16.7-78.4%). Strain A did not reproduce sexually, but was capable of asexual reproduction. Higher population growth was observed in the hybrid strains within crosses relative to parents. The population growth rates of parental strains were 0.31, while those of hybrid strains ranged from 0.35 to 0.37. Lorica length of hybrid strains was intermediate between the two parental strains. Using the cross-mating technique, it may be possible to produce new rotifer strains with phenotypes useful to aquaculturists. 相似文献
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The culture quality of rotifers, Brachionus plicatilis, was compared for yeast and algal-based cultivation diets. The rotifer quality was evaluated based on factors which may affect survival and growth of marine fish larvae, including individual length and biomass, nutritional value, bacterial content, and rotifer viability. The diets used were monocultures of Tetraselmis sp., Isochrysis galbana, Pavlova lutheri, and baker's yeast plus capelin oil.Rotifers grown to early stationary phase with equal food rations exhibited equal length distribution, but the rotifer individual biomass was 10–25% higher for yeast-grown rotifers than for algal-grown rotifers.All diets gave equal protein content of individual rotifers. The lipid content was slightly higher and the ratio of protein to lipid was slightly lower with yeast plus capelin oil than with algae. The fatty acid composition of the rotifers was closely related to that of their dietary lipids and the 3 fatty acid content was not systematically different for the two types of diets.Use of yeast plus capelin oil resulted in considerably higher numbers of both suspended and rotifer-associated bacteria than with use of algal diets. No differences were found for the algal species involved. The viability of the rotifers in a temperature and salinity test was far better in groups fed algae than in groups fed yeast plus capelin oil.The results indicated an overall better quality of rotifers cultivated with algae than for rotifers cultivated with yeast and oil. Questions related to proteins and the microflora of rotifers should be further emphasized in future research. 相似文献