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1.
【目的】解析番鸭回肠组织中与腹脂沉积相关的主效基因。【方法】从2 000只番鸭中随机选取200只70日龄的番鸭进行屠宰,采集腹脂并称重,计算腹脂率。按腹脂率大小排序,选取腹脂率最高的5只和最低的5只番鸭的回肠组织进行转录组测序分析。利用Illumina NovaSeq 6000高通量RNA-Seq测序技术对2种腹脂率番鸭的回肠进行转录组测序,使用RSEM软件将测序得到的reads序列与Trinity拼接的参考基因组进行序列比对,筛选出差异表达基因,利用GO和KEGG数据库进行功能注释、富集分析和聚类分析,并利用皮尔森相关性分析方法分析了腹脂重和腹脂率与差异表达基因的相关性。【结果】高腹脂率和低腹脂率番鸭的回肠差异表达基因共有602个;与低腹脂率番鸭相比,高腹脂率番鸭回肠中有285个基因上调,317个基因下调。GO和KEGG富集分析显示,有5个与脂肪代谢相关的GO条目(脂质应答、类固醇激素介导的信号通路、类固醇激素应答、类固醇激素刺激的细胞应答和脂质的细胞应答)和4个KEGG通路(PPAR信号通路、初级胆汁酸的生物合成、花生四烯酸代谢和胆汁分泌),并筛选出与脂肪代谢显著相关的6个基因(P＜0.05),包括NR5A2、ACBP、ACOX2、FABP2、FABP4和FABP5,其中,ACOX2和FABP5基因与腹脂重和腹脂率呈显著正相关(P＜0.05),ACBP基因与腹脂重和腹脂率呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01)。【结论】不同腹脂率番鸭回肠转录组存在差异,发现5个GO条目和4个KEGG通路,NR5A2、ACBP、ACOX2、FABP2、FABP4和FABP5等基因与番鸭腹部脂肪沉积相关。  相似文献   

2.
肌肉生长抑制素(Myostatin,MSTN)基因在发育和成熟的骨骼肌中特异表达,对肌肉具有负调控作用。采用PCR-SSCP技术检测了3个不同高邮鸭群体和1个绍鸭群体MSTN5'的单核苷酸多态性,并与0及3～10周龄体重和腹脂率进行相关性分析。结果:在MSTN基因5'调控区的1 046 bp处检测到C→G的突变。在4个鸭群中,均检测到3种基因型(CC、CG和GG基因型),且都以C等位基因为优势等位基因。最小二乘法分析结果表明,不同基因型对试验的4个群体鸭周龄生长无显著影响;高邮鸭3个群体间平均腹脂率无显著差异,但绍鸭腹脂率均极显著低于3个高邮鸭群体(P<0.01);不同基因型对高邮鸭3个不同群体的腹脂率均有显著影响,GG型高邮鸭腹脂率显著高于CG型和CC型(P<0.05)。就5'调控区而言,MSTN基因作为影响腹脂率的候选基因有待于进一步的研究。  相似文献   

3.
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4.
Computed tomography (CT) exams were conducted to determine the distribution of abdominal fat identified based on the CT number measured in Hounsfield Units (HU) and to measure the volume of the abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat in minipigs. The relationship between the CT-based fat volumes of several vertebral levels and the entire abdomen and anthropometric data including the sagittal abdominal diameter and waist circumference were evaluated. Moreover, the total fat volumes at the T11, T13, L3, and L5 levels were compared with the total fat volume of the entire abdomen to define the landmark of abdominal fat distribution. Using a single-detector CT, six 6-month-old male minipigs were scanned under general anesthesia. Three radiologists then assessed the HU value of visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat by drawing the region of interest manually at the T11, T13, L1, L3, and L5 levels. The CT number and abdominal fat determined in this way by the three radiologists was found to be correlated (intra-class coefficient = 0.9). The overall HU ranges for the visceral and subcutaneous fat depots were -147.47 to -83.46 and -131.62 to -90.97, respectively. The total fat volume of the entire abdomen was highly correlated with the volume of abdominal fat at the T13 level (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001). These findings demonstrate that the volume of abdominal adipose tissue measured at the T13 level using CT is a strong and reliable predictor of total abdominal adipose volume.  相似文献   

5.
Pancreatic abscess was diagnosed by exploratory celiotomy in 6 dogs. The most common clinical signs included acute onset of lethargy (n = 5), anorexia (n = 6), vomiting (n = 5), and diarrhea (n = 2). Physical examination revealed pain response to abdominal palpation (n = 5), depression (n = 5), icterus (n = 3), fever (n = 3), and cranial abdominal mass (n = 2). Consistent preoperative clinicopathologic abnormalities included leukocytosis with left shift, observance of toxic neutrophils on the blood smear, hyperlipasemia, hyperamylasemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity. In 5 of 6 dogs, abdominal radiography revealed increased soft tissue density in the cranial portion of the abdomen. Ultrasonography performed on 4 dogs confirmed pancreatic mass. In all dogs, exploratory celiotomy revealed a cavitary pancreatic mass that contained sterile, mucopurulent material. Histopathologic diagnoses included acute necrotizing or chronic-active pancreatitis and steatitis. Two dogs were euthanatized at the time of diagnosis, and the remaining 4 were treated by use of pancreatic debridement(s), open abdominal drainage, and intensive administration of fluids and antibiotics. One dog was euthanatized 4 days after surgery, because of progressive pancreatic abscessation. Three dogs recovered and were discharged.  相似文献   

6.
Colopexy of the left ventral colon to the abdominal wall was performed in 4 horses with recurrence of large-colon displacement or volvulus. Horses were discharged between 5 and 27 days after surgery. At follow-up evaluation (mean, 10.5 months; range, 7 to 13 months) of the horses, none had recurrence of signs of abdominal pain, and all had normal body weight. Three horses were exercised regularly; signs of abdominal pain were not observed.  相似文献   

7.
The growth of abdominal fat in chickens from broiler and layer-strains up to 10 weeks of age was measured and compared with changes in plasma very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) concentration and tissue lipoprotein lipase activities. The growth of abdominal fat in broilers was much more rapid than in layer-strain chickens. Plasma VLDL concentrations in the two strains were similar up to 5 weeks of age but thereafter concentrations tended to be higher in broilers. Plasma VLDL concentrations in both strains were much lower than those necessary for maximum lipoprotein lipase activity. The lipoprotein lipase activity of abdominal fat increased much more rapidly in broilers than in layer-strain chickens. In both strains the pattern of its increase relative to body weight was similar to that of abdominal fat. Differences in the lipoprotein lipase activity of abdominal fat between strains were attributed to differences in both activity/adipocyte and number of adipocytes. They were reduced or abolished if activity was expressed relative to tissue weight, or to its content of DNA or protein. The results strongly suggest that the greater lipoprotein lipase activity of the abdominal fat pad in broilers is an important factor in its rapid growth.  相似文献   

8.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the insertion technique, efficacy, and complications associated with the use of an active (closed-suction) abdominal drain in horses. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. Animals-Sixty-seven horses with abdominal contamination treated by abdominal lavage and use of a closed-suction abdominal drain. METHODS: Medical records of horses (1989-1996) that had a closed-suction abdominal drain were reviewed. Follow-up information was obtained by telephone interviews with owners. RESULTS: Sixty-eight closed-suction abdominal drains were used in 67 horses that had abdominal contamination, peritonitis, or to prevent adhesion formation. The drain was placed under general anesthesia (62 horses) or in a standing position (6 horses). Abdominal lavage was performed every 4 to 12 hours and about 83% of the peritoneal lavage solution was retrieved. Minor complications associated with drain use occurred in 49% of the horses and included obstruction or slow passage of fluid through the drain in 18 horses (26%), leakage of fluid around the drain in 11 horses (16%), and subcutaneous fluid accumulation around the drain in 8 horses (12%). Incisional suppuration developed in 20 of 62 (32%) and incisional herniation in 5 of 46 (11%) horses. CONCLUSIONS: A closed-suction drain system was easily placed and was associated with only minor complications in most horses. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Active abdominal drainage and lavage is a useful adjunct in the treatment of peritonitis or as a prophylactic procedure in horses at risk of developing septic peritonitis and abdominal adhesions. Clinicians should be aware of the high incidence of minor complications.  相似文献   

9.
Four adult horses with histories of moderate abdominal pain and inappetence were diagnosed with delayed gastric emptying and gastric impaction attributed to pyloroduodenal obstruction (three cases) or duodenitis (one case). A stapled side-to-side gastrojejunostomy was performed on all horses. Two horses returned to work and survived ≥3 years. One horse was euthanased 6 months post-surgery due to recurrent abdominal pain, and one was found dead 5 months postsurgery after an unattended foaling.  相似文献   

10.
Diagnostic laparoscopy in the horse   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
Laparoscopy was performed in 5 clinically normal horses. Abdominal fluid protein content and WBC count increased markedly in all horses. Necropsy findings were confined to an increased amount of slightly turbid abdominal fluid. Five examples of applications of laparoscopy in horses with abdominal problems indicated that laparoscopy can be a valuable diagnostic procedure in the horse.  相似文献   

11.
BACKGROUND: Horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves) are described as exhibiting "increased abdominal effort," but it is unknown whether this translates to an effective contribution to ventilation. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that heaves is characterized by asynchrony between rib cage and abdominal motions, and that the abdominal component is the major contributor to ventilation. ANIMALS: The rib cage versus abdominal motion in naturally occurring heaves (n = 15) was compared to controls at rest (n = 7) and during hyperpnea because of lobeline treatment, and the effects of histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in controls (n = 10). METHODS: Flow patterns, phase angle (theta) between the rib and abdominal compartments, abdominal (Vabd) contribution to tidal volume (VT), and lung mechanics were measured. RESULTS: Findings unique to the heaves group included the loss of biphasic expiratory flow, severely increased theta with the abdomen consistently lagging behind the rib cage, and a reduced contribution of the abdomen to ventilation. A subgroup of heaves (n = 5) with abdominal paradox showed a significant (P < .05) reduction in tidal volume, and increased respiratory rate. Bronchodilation reduced theta in heaves (P = .06), but theta remained significantly higher after bronchodilation than found in controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: We conclude that breathing pattern in horses with heaves is characterized by severe rib cage/abdominal asynchrony, with the rib cage motion in synchrony with flow, therefore dominating ventilation. In a subset of heaves, the abdominal compartment (diaphragm, abdominal muscles) was completely out of synchrony with flow ("abdominal paradox") despite the clinical appearance of "increased abdominal effort."  相似文献   

12.
The abdominal portion of the aorta was catheterized in 27 cows. Local analgesia was achieved by infiltration of anesthetic agents. A 10-cm skin incision was made caudal and parallel to the 13th rib at the lateral border of the epaxial muscles. The dorsal costoabdominal artery was exposed at its first lateral cutaneous branch by careful dissection through fascial layers. A sterile polyvinyl catheter (1.52 mm OD) was inserted into the artery and was advanced 35 to 40 cm to the abdominal portion of the aorta. Catheter patency was maintained for up to 5 weeks. Concentrations of plasma progesterone and estradiol-17 beta in samples obtained from the abdominal portion of the aorta were similar to simultaneously obtained concentrations in samples from the jugular vein before and after parturition.  相似文献   

13.
A 5-month-old, male Saint Bernard was presented for acute collapse and abdominal discomfort. Significant findings were a cranial abdominal mass, hemorrhagic abdominal effusion, anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. An exploratory surgery revealed torsion of both the left lateral and middle liver lobes, a condition that has not been previously described in the veterinary literature. Torsion of one or more hepatic lobes is a rare condition but should be considered as a differential diagnosis for acute abdomen syndrome in both young and mature dogs. Early diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention may be curative.  相似文献   

14.
An approximately 5‐month‐old American Staffordshire terrier was presented with a history of recurrent peritoneal effusion. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound showed a loculated effusion in the ventral abdomen with dorsal displacement of abdominal organs, hepatomegaly and rounding of liver and splenic margins. Computed tomography demonstrated centrally located gastrointestinal segments surrounded by a thin soft tissue band and a thickened peritoneal lining. At necropsy a fibrous membrane continuous with liver and splenic capsules encapsulated all abdominal organs. Microscopically the abdominal wall and fibrous capsule consisted of an irregular thick layer of hypocellular connective tissue. The final diagnosis was sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.  相似文献   

15.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of peritoneal fluid (PF) cytology for clinical diagnosis of abdominal neoplasia in horses. Material and methods: Ten horses with histopathologically confirmed abdominal neoplasia, in which a PF analysis was performed, were included in this retrospective study. PF was analyzed for total protein concentration and a nucleated cell count was performed. Using cytological criteria of malignancy, the PF samples were evaluated regarding their probability of malignancy. Results: Cytologic classification of cells according to criteria of malignancy allowed a positive cytologic diagnosis of neoplasia in 5 out of 10 peritoneal fluid samples. Malignant lymphoma was the most commonly diagnosed neoplasia (3/10) and could be identified by cytology in 2/3 cases. In 1/2 horses with plasma cell myeloma neoplastic cells were similarly found. Malignant melanoma (2/10) was diagnosed using cytology in one case (presence of melanin-containing cells). Cytological diagnosis of malignant neoplasia was established in the only horse with gastric squamous cell carcinoma, but the morphology of the identified tumour cells did not allow a specific diagnosis. Thus, a definitive diagnosis was achieved in 4/5 horses with proven abdominal neoplasia. The horses with adenocarcinoma (1/10) and haemangiosarcoma (1/10) had no evidence of neoplasia based on cytological findings. No relationship between total protein concentration or the nucleated cell count with the histolopathological diagnosis of abdominal neoplasia was found. Abnormal mitotic figures were considered of greater diagnostic value than the overall mitotic rate. Conclusion: The implementation of nuclear criteria of malignancy in the cytologic evaluation of PF samples allows the identification of neoplastic cells to an acceptable degree. For this purpose, the knowledge of the highly variable morphological features of mesothelial cells is essential. The absence of malignant cells does not rule out abdominal neoplasia. Clinical relevance: PF cytology should be considered as a valuable, minimally invasive, simple, and rapid diagnostic technique in horses with suspected abdominal neoplasia.  相似文献   

16.
Peritonitis was induced in 12 horses by median celiotomy and 1 hour of small intestinal ischemia. Six horses had primary closure of the incision, whereas six horses had a plastic mesh sutured to the ventral abdominal wall leaving the abdomen open for ventral drainage. The mesh was removed after 5 days and the abdominal wall was closed by apposition of the linea alba and subcutaneous tissues and approximation of the skin edges. Peritoneal fluid was collected and analyzed for nucleated cell count and total protein concentration on days 0 and 5. Serum biochemical profiles, serum electrolyte concentrations, and complete blood counts were performed on days 0, 1, 2, 5, 6, 10, and 14. Body weight, rectal temperature, and physical examination findings were recorded daily for 30 days, then horses were euthanatized and the abdominal cavity was examined for the presence of adhesions. Histological examination was performed to assess the inflammatory response of the healing body wall; inflammation scores were significantly lower in horses that had primary closure of the incision. The mesh was well tolerated by all horses and allowed egress of peritoneal fluid for 5 days. Adhesions were present in four control horses and in two horses that had open peritoneal drainage. All horses that had open drainage developed incisional infections after mesh removal. Abdominal wall herniation did not occur in any of the horses. The mild peritonitis induced in this study was insufficient to establish the efficacy of open peritoneal drainage for an established peritonitis in horses; however, the results of this study indicate that open peritoneal drainage is feasible in horses.  相似文献   

17.
本实验对不同移植方法进行绵羊冻胚移植的产羔率和工作效率进行统计分析,结果表明,采用腹腔镜移植法产羔率(44.55%)高于常规手术移植法(43.55%),但二者之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。而腹腔镜移植法(23只/h)明显比常规手术移植法(5只/h)快,可提高工作效率4倍以上,因此,采用腹腔镜移植法对绵羊胚胎移植工作具有改进意义。  相似文献   

18.
The case of a 2‐year‐old gelding with acute onset of preputial swelling and prolapse is presented. After initiating conservative management using a penile repulsion device, the horse repeatedly displayed signs of mild abdominal discomfort with sudden deterioration to an episode of violent colic after 5 days of hospitalisation. Ultrasonographic examination of the preputial swelling at that time demonstrated the presence of small intestine between the internal and external laminae of the prepuce and led to the diagnosis of a direct preputial hernia. The contents of the hernia were readily reduced through a defect in the ventral abdominal wall after the anaesthetised horse was placed in dorsal recumbency. The historical information, clinical progression and surgical findings were supportive of an acquired ventral abdominal wall defect. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a direct preputial hernia associated with an acquired ventral abdominal wall defect.  相似文献   

19.
长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶(ACSLs)是长链脂肪酸通过硫代酯化进而合成酰基辅酶A衍生物所必需的酶,也是脂肪酸代谢的第一步。哺乳动物ACSL家族由ACSL1、ACSL3、ACSL4、ACSL5和ACSL65个不同的成员组成,ACSL1是主要的异构体之一。为探讨黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因作为腹脂性状分子标记的可行性,本实验采用PCR-直接测序技术对黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因进行遗传多态性分析。结果显示:黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因第17到第18外显子区域(1295 bp)SNPs位点较丰富,T32126C、C32013T、A31958G这3个位点的等位基因频率符合哈代-温伯格平衡,且A31958G突变位点、T32126C突变位点与腹脂重、腹脂率不相关,C32013T突变位点对鸡的腹脂重与腹脂率有显著影响,提示能够利用C32013T突变位点对黄羽肉鸡腹脂重进行分子标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

20.
An ovarian teratoma in a 5-year-old bitch with a history of vaginal discharge was removed successfully by ovariohysterectomy. The mass was discovered on abdominal palpation and contained multiple mineralized densities that were visualized radiographically. Histologic examination of the mass confirmed the presence of tissues originating from multiple germ-cell layers, characteristic of a teratoma. Clinical findings in dogs with teratomas include abdominal distention, a palpable abdominal mass, and rarely, evidence of reproductive hormonal activity. These neoplasms are uncommon in the dog, and they may exhibit malignant tendencies, with metastasis developing in approximately 33% of the reported cases. Ovariohysterectomy is the preferred treatment for ovarian teratomas, and this procedure was curative in the dog of this report.  相似文献   

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