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十字花科芸苔属植物,尤其是其种子饼粕是饲料中硫代葡萄糖苷的主要来源,不同浓度和结构的硫代葡萄糖苷降解产物可以产生抗营养作用、毒害作用、保健作用等完全不同的生物作用。欧盟和我国都对饲料中异硫氰酸酯和噁唑烷硫酮的限量做了规定。针对异硫氰酸酯和噁唑烷硫酮的检测方法很多,但欧盟并没有推荐标准的检测方法。我国饲料中异硫氰酸酯和噁唑烷硫酮检测方法标准正在修订之中。因此,需要对硫代葡萄糖苷及其降解产物在动物中的生物作用进行重新认识和深入研究,并建立相应的检测方法标准,保障和促进油菜籽饼粕等十字花科植物及其副产物饲料的科学有效利用。本文旨在通过从饲料中硫代葡萄糖苷及其代谢产物异硫氰酸酯和噁唑烷硫酮的来源、生物作用、限量规定、检测方法、方法标准方面进行分析和总结,从而对饲料中硫代葡萄糖苷、异硫氰酸酯和噁唑烷硫酮的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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桑树组织总糖含量蒽酮比色法测定技巧 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
植物组织总糖含量测定方法很多,蒽酮比色法以其灵敏度高、可靠性强、误差小等特点,常作为定量测定的经典方法而被广泛采用,但该方法较难掌握.本文介绍了植物组织总糖含量蒽酮比色法的测定技巧. 相似文献
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桑对组织总糖含量蒽酮比色法测定技巧 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
植物组织总糖含量测定方法很多，蒽酮比色法以其灵敏度高，可靠性强，误差小等特点，常作为定量测定的经典方法而被广泛采用，但该方法较难掌握，本介绍了植物组织总糖含量蒽酮比色法的测定技巧。 相似文献
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1 双低油菜籽粕的加工双低油菜籽粕是榨油的副产品 ,一般系通过溶剂提取油脂后而生成的。高含油量的双低油菜籽在加工时 ,籽中水分含量应保持在 6 %～ 1 0 %之间 ,蒸煮温度必需尽可能迅速增加到 80～ 90℃ ,不要超过 1 1 0℃ ,否则不仅使油菜籽中的蛋白质受损 ,而且温度会分解其中的配糖体糖苷酶。一般加热到 1 0 3～ 1 0 7℃ ,通过蒸汽和高温的作用 ,芥子酵素即完全失去了活性。2 双低油菜籽粕的营养价值双低油菜籽粕蛋白质含量高 ,氨基酸平衡 ,适用于所有家畜饲料。双低油菜籽粕的优点 ,是硫代葡萄糖苷含量低 ,而一般油菜籽粕硫代葡萄糖… 相似文献
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茎秆含糖量是甜高粱（Sorghum dochna）重要的农艺性状,其可溶性糖的组分与含量的测定,是甜高粱QTL定位和性状改良的前提。本研究以粒用高粱的‘忻粱52’与甜高粱‘W452’重组自交系F8代255个群体为材料,采用改良蒽酮比色法来测定蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量。结果表明：可溶性总糖的最佳显色时间为10 min,显色温度为100℃;测定蔗糖的最佳处理条件为1 mol·L-1的KOH溶液处理10 min;果糖测定的最佳显色温度为50℃,显色时间为3 min。优化过后的蒽酮比色法能测得较稳定的数值,精密度和稳定性较好,可用于测定甜高粱汁液的糖含量。重组自交系后代糖锤度与可溶性糖总量之间呈极显著正相关关系（P <0.01）,相关系数为0.885,线性回归方程为y=37.082×可溶性糖总量+3.990。 相似文献
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1致病机理菜籽饼有毒成分为芥子苷或硫葡萄糖苷,其本身无毒性,在一定条件下受芥子酶的催化水解,可产生有毒的异硫氰酸盐、恶唑烷硫酮和腈等。油菜籽饼的含毒量由油菜品种、加工方法和土壤中含硫量而定。一般地,芥菜型品种含异硫氰酸酯较高,甘蓝型品种含恶唑烷硫酮较高,白菜型品种则两种毒素的含量均较高。当饲料中菜籽饼的量大或饲喂时间长都可引起中毒,尤其是发霉的菜籽饼危险性更大。 相似文献
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以高寒草地土壤分离出的9株真菌菌株为研究对象,采用rDNA-ITS方法对筛选出的产漆酶菌株进行分子鉴定,根据菌株在愈创木酚、蒽酮、邻苯二酚、邻联甲苯胺、邻甲苯胺、α-萘酚、联苯胺、没食子酸为底物的选择性培养基上的生长情况、菌落大小、漆酶催化氧化还原反应产生的变色圈直径大小及其颜色深浅程度,进行产漆酶真菌初筛,采用液体产酶发酵法选用ABTS为底物测定漆酶活力进行复筛。鉴定结果为菌株1.9为Uncultured fungus clone.,2.1a为Scytalidium,310b为Marasmius tricolor,2.1c为Saccharicola,2.3a为fungal sp,2.4d为Saccharicola.,10a为Marasmiusrotalis,3.7c为Alternaria.WB为Verticilliumlongisporum。筛选结果表明：除菌株3.7c以外,其余8株菌株在以愈创木酚、蒽酮、邻联甲苯胺、联苯胺为底物的培养基上基本都产生氧化带,在没食子酸底物培养基上均不产生氧化带;菌株1.9,2.1a,310b,2.4d,10a,2.1c,2.3a均具有产漆酶活力,其中菌株310b具有较强产漆酶活力。 相似文献
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Nine strains of fungi that isolated from alpine meadow were used as research objects. The laccase-producing strains were identified by rDNA-ITS method. According to the strains, guaiacol, anthrone, catechol and neighbors were identified. Growth on selective medium of toluidine, o-toluidine, crnaphthol, benzidine, gallic acid as substrate, colony size, size of the color circle produced by laccase-catalyzed redox reaction, and the degree of color depth, the laccase-producing fungus is firstly screened, and the laccase activity is determined by the liquid-producing enzyme fermentation method using ABTS as a substrate for re-screening. The results showed that strain 1. 9 was Uncultured fungus clone. 2. la was Scytalidium, 310b was Marasmius tricolor, 2.1c was Saccharicola, 2. 3a was fungal sp, 2. 4d was Saccharicola. 10a was Marasmiusrotalis, 3. 7c was Alternaria. WB was Verticilliumlongisporum. The screening results showed that except for strain 3. 7c, the other 8 strains basically produced oxidative bands on the culture medium with guaiacol, anthrone, ortho-toluidine and benzidine as substrates, and cultured in gallic acid substrate. No oxidative bands were produced on the culture medium; strains 1. 9, 2. la, 310b, 2. 4d, 10a, 2. lc, and 2. 3a all had laccase activity, and strain 310b had stronger laccase activity than the other strains. © 2019 China Agricultural University. All rights reserved. 相似文献
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复方中药芪苓制剂多糖超声提取工艺研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究超声波辅助法提取中药芪苓制剂多糖的工艺。通过正交试验设计L9（3^4）提取多糖,以蒽酮-硫酸法测定多糖含量,得出优化工艺的条件为：提取时间60min,提取温度80℃,料液比1：10,超声功率300W。超声波辅助提取芪苓制剂多糖,能耗低,用时短,多糖得率5．96％,是传统方法的3倍,可以作为提取芪苓制剂多糖或其它中药多糖的首选方法。 相似文献
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建立了右旋糖酐原料含量的检测方法,采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法进行检测。结果显示,在0.0161-0.0642mg/ml的浓度范围内线性良好,其线性方程为A=14.15C+0.0009,相关系数r=0.9997,平均回收率达100.5%。供试液2h内基本稳定。为右旋糖酐原料的含量检测提供了一种可行的检测方法,为进一步控制右旋糖酐原料质量增加了一种简单有效可控的检测项目,为修订右旋糖酐原料的国家标准提供参考。 相似文献
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复方丁氨丙磷溶液对小白鼠耐力和能量代谢的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
为探讨复方丁氨丙磷溶液对动物耐力和能量代谢的影响。采用小白鼠耐寒、耐热、耐缺氧和负荷游泳试验以及用经典蒽酮显色法和反相高效液相色谱法分别测定肝脏和骨骼肌中的糖原含量和3种磷酸腺苷含量，观察复方丁氨丙磷溶液对小白鼠耐力和能量代谢的影响。结果表明：复方丁氨丙磷溶液能明显提高小白鼠耐寒、耐热和耐缺氧能力。明显延长小白鼠负荷游泳时间；能显著提高肝糖原和肌糖原含量以及肝组织和肌肉组织的三磷酸腺苷(ATP)、二磷酸腺苷(ADP)含量。而对肝组织一磷酸腺苷(AMP)含量无明显影响，对肌肉组织一磷酸腺苷含量却有一定的降低作用。说明复方丁氨丙磷溶液是通过提高肝糖原和肌糖原储备以及促进ATP和ADP的合成代谢来增强动物的耐力和能量代谢。 相似文献
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U Herrmann J Wünsche U Hennig H J Block F Kreienbring M Meinl 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》1988,38(4):257-277
In digestion trials using pigs fitted with ileo-rectal anastomoses and parallel intact pigs the influence of wheat straw meal (WSM) or grass meal (GM) supplemented on two different levels to a basal diet was examined with regard to nutrient and amino acid digestibility resp. absorption. Both roughages reduced, obviously because of their high cell wall contents, nearly at equal amounts and partly significantly the precaecal as well as the total digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, carbohydrates (= crude fibre + NFE), crude fibre and hemicelluloses (arabinose, xylose). By the roughage supplementations the crude protein digestibility at the terminal ileum was less reduced than at the end of the total digestive tract, the starch digestibility was hardly influenced and that of ether extract mostly increased. In comparison with precaecal glucose and fructose digestibilities it could be shown that the anthrone method is not suitable for determinations of the precaecal digestibility of water soluble carbohydrates. Beside these compounds other substances in the ileum digesta must evidently be dyed by anthrone too. The crude protein digestibility and the amino acid absorption were precaecally hardly or not reduced by WSM supplementations, therefore it can be concluded that it is possible to dilute the energy concentration in diets (e.g. for sows) by addition of WSM without impairing protein digestion and amino acid absorption. The GM supplementations, however, impaired protein digestibility and amino acid absorption of the whole diet, probably caused by the encrusted, possibly heat damaged protein present in the GM itself. When the roughage supplemented diets were fed, the excretion of nitrogen compounds in the faeces was enlarged due to the more intensive bacterial activity in the hind gut and the additional sorption effects to cell wall substances, so that a too low apparent and also true digestibility is made believe. The applicability of the difference method to the calculation of protein and amino acid digestibilities in roughages is very questionable because of their low contents and the missing additivity. The crude fibre and hemicellulose digestibility values calculated by the difference method demonstrate for the both roughages--in spite of high standard deviations--that the precaecal digestibility of crude fibre is about zero and that of the hard lignified hemicellulose fraction in contrast to the predominantly endospermic hemicelluloses of the basal diet is very low. The faecal crude fibre and hemicellulose digestibilities of WSM--especially on the lower supplementation levels--are markedly worse than those of GM. 相似文献
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The Effect of Added Serum and Glucose, and Some Inherent Factors, on Phagocytosis in vitro by Milk Leukocytes from Several Cows 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0 
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下载免费PDF全文 F. H. S. Newbould 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1973,37(2):189-194
On four occasions leukocytes were obtained from mammary secretions of four cows following irritation by sterile distilled water.
The effects of three levels of bovine immune serum, three levels of glucose, and combinations of these on the ability of the leukocytes to ingest staphylococci in vitro were studied. Phagocytosis was estimated by examination of stained slides prepared after four hours contact at 37°C.
While 1% immune serum increased the percentage of milk leukocytes ingesting staphylococci, no improvement resulted from the addition of 3% or 5%. Addition of 20mg% glucose produced a larger increase than did 1% serum, and 40 and 60mg% gave further increases. Little advantage was obtained by combining serum and glucose at any of the levels studied.
Overall significant differences were found in the ability to ingest staphylococci by milk leukocytes from the four cows, and the previous observation that cells from some cows in vitro do not respond fully to added serum and glucose was confirmed. Neither of these phenomena was related to glycogen levels in blood or milk leukocytes as determined by the anthrone method, blood glucose levels, leukocyte viability, relative proportions of PMN's in circulating blood white cells, nor the amount of homologous blood serum in the mammary secretions. In two cows whose milk cells did not respond fully, very few blood PMN's were active.
相似文献18.
Abattoir data collected from three British pig health monitoring schemes were combined to investigate the associations between Salmonella infection and the presence of gross lesions detected in slaughtered pigs. Each set of results was linked back to the farm from which the pigs were submitted, and the Salmonella results and lesions reports were connected at farm level. Salmonella infection was determined through meat juice ELISA (MJE), and the health conditions were assessed by postmortem inspection. The final dataset contained 873 slapmarks, with an average of 215 samples tested by MJE, and 355 pigs that were assessed for health conditions, per slapmark. Each of the health assessment conditions was individually analysed by regression models to investigate associations with the MJE results, accounting for clustering at the slapmark level and also for seasonality. A multivariable model was also used to estimate the strength of association with MJE results when all the health conditions were entered into the model. The results showed positive associations between Salmonella and enzootic pneumonia-like lesions, milk spots, peritonitis and pericarditis. 相似文献
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(1) Ascites syndrome is a growth-related disorder of broilers that occurs more often in fast-growing birds and at low temperatures. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic correlations among ascites-related traits measured either under cold or under normal temperature conditions, and to estimate genetic correlations between ascites-related traits measured under cold and normal conditions. (2) Several traits related to ascites were measured on more than 4000 chickens under cold conditions and on more than 700 chickens under normal conditions. (3) The heritability estimates for body weight (BW) measured under cold and normal conditions were 0.42 and 0.50, respectively, for haematocrit value 0.46 and 0.17, respectively, and for ratio of right to total ventricular weight 0.45 and 0.12, respectively. (4) The genetic correlation between BW and haematocrit value under cold conditions was -0.23 and between BW and ratio of right to total ventricular weight -0.27. Under normal conditions, however, these genetic correlations were 0.55 and 0.50, respectively. (5) These results demonstrate that the heritability estimates of ascites-related traits as well as genetic correlations between ascites-related traits and BW depend on the temperature conditions under which animals are kept. (6) Strong positive genetic correlations (around 0.8) were observed between total mortality, fluid in the abdomen and ratio of right to total ventricular weight under cold conditions. The genetic correlation between ratio of right to total ventricular weight under cold and normal conditions was 0.91. (7) These results suggest that the ratio of right to total ventricular weight measured under normal temperature conditions might serve as a good indicator trait for ascites. 相似文献
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J B Tasker 《The Cornell veterinarian》1978,68(4):480-505
A study was done to determine the variations in clinical chemistry test results that might be due to day-to-day changes in laboratory testing conditions or to variations in specimens submitted. Laboratory precision and specimen storage conditions had relatively little effect on the test results, except for a few specific instances. Other variables, such as the presence of anticoagulants in the specimen and sample discoloration due to hemolysis, hyperbilirubinemia or lipemia were more often responsible for inconsistencies in test results. 相似文献