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1.
The pathogenicity of two strains (B4 and C2) of Eimeria mitis was studied using young broiler chickens. Both strains of coccidia were pathogenic, and C2 strain was more virulent than B4. Growth of the broilers was depressed as early as day 3 postinoculation (PI), but the depression was greatest during days 5 and 6 PI. Feed conversion and shank skin pigment of the young broiler chickens were concomitantly affected by infections of E. mitis. Infection subsided by day 7 or 8 PI and was accompanied by a compensatory growth. The drugs effective against the infections were halofuginone, lasalocid, monensin, and nicarbazin. The least efficacious were zoalene and amprolium plus ethopabate. 相似文献
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The study was aimed to explore the sensitivity of Eimeria acervulina （E.acervulina） precocious strain to some common anticoccidials (diclazuril, toltrazuril, sulfamonomethoxine, dinitolmide, decoquinate, nicarbazin, maduramicin, salinomycin and oxytetracycline). The sensitivity of E.acervulina precocious strain to 9 kinds anticoccidials was assessed by using 4 indices: anticoccidial activity percentage (POAA), reduction of lesion scores (RLS), relative oocyst production (ROP) and anticoccidial index (ACI). The results of these sensitivity trials indicated that the four indices POAA, RLS, ROP and ACI of groups toltrazuril, sulfamonomethoxine, dinitolmide, decoquinate, nicarbazin, salinomycin and oxytetracycline were all negative; the ROP index of diclazuril group was positive, the other three indices were negative. The ROP and ACI indices of maduramicin group were positive, the other two indices were negative. The results showed that the Eimeria acervulina precocious strain was sensitive to diclazuril, toltrazuril, sulfamonomethoxine, dinitolmide, decoquinate, nicarbazin, salinomycin and oxytetracycline, it was partly sensitive to maduramicin. 相似文献
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柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟耐药株对几种抗球虫药的敏感性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探讨鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟耐药株对常用抗球虫药的敏感性,采用尼卡巴嗪、氯苯胍、球痢灵、地克珠利和常山酮5种抗球虫药,对由晋球1号球虫疫苗虫株复制的病鸡进行防治试验,通过相对卵囊产量(ROP)、相对增重率、抗球虫指数(ACI)、病变记分减少率(RLS)和最适抗球虫活性百分率(POAA)5项指标进行综合评定.结果表明,柔嫩艾美耳球虫早熟耐药株对盐酸氯苯胍无抗药性,对地克珠利有轻度抗药性,对常山酮、球痢灵、尼卡巴嗪有部分抗药性,它们的抗球虫指数为187.46～246.75,达到了抗球虫效果. 相似文献
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Young New Hampshire and broiler chickens were given feed containing 2 concentrations of aflatoxin B1 (0.2 or 2.0 ppm). The larger concentration caused severe toxicosis and death in the New Hampshire chicks, but did not cause gross signs in the broiler chicks. However, temporary stunting was seen on both New Hampshire and broiler chicks during periods of aflatoxin feeding, along with persisting decreased weight gains in the broiler chicks; the latter apparently recovered during the next 21 days of feeding the starter ration. New Hampshire and broiler chicks which were given feed containing aflatoxin B1 at concentrations of 0.2 and 2.0 ppm for 28 days followed by a 21-day "recovery period" and which were not given a coccidiostat were more susceptible to severe cecal coccidiosis and had more persisting hepatic and cecal lesions than did chicks not given aflatoxin. The coccidiostat was protective against both cecal damage and losses in checks challenge exposed at 49 days of age to 100,000 infective Eimeria tenella oocysts. 相似文献
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雏鸡分组后人工感染果洛地区柔嫩艾美耳球虫分离株2.4×105个/只,分别采用地克珠利、氨丙啉、尼卡巴嗪、磺胺氯吡嗪钠、复方磺胺对甲氧嘧啶等5种常用抗球虫药进行治疗观察,以POAA、RLS、ROP、ACI作为评定指标.结果表明,柔嫩艾美耳球虫果洛分离株对氨丙啉、地克珠利高度敏感,对尼卡巴嗪、磺胺氯吡嗪钠均产生不同程度的耐... 相似文献
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The objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate a local vaccine (strain TPV-1) against Fowl pox (FP) in chickens.
Two separate groups of chickens were vaccinated with FP vaccine through oral (coated on oiled rice) and wing web stab routes,
respectively. The results showed that the haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody titres in both vaccinated groups were
comparable and significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the control chickens. It was further revealed that 14 days after vaccination
HI GMT of ≥2 log2 was recorded in chickens vaccinated by oral and wing web stab routes whereas 35 days after vaccination the HI antibody titres
reached 5.6 log2 and 6.3 log2, respectively. Moreover, in both groups the birds showed 100% protection against challenge virus at 35 days after vaccination.
The findings from the present study have shown that oral route is equally effective as wing web stab route for vaccination
of chickens against FP. However, the oral route can be used in mass vaccination of birds thus avoid catching individual birds
for vaccination. It was noteworthy that strain TPV-1 virus could be propagated by a simple allantoic cavity inoculation and
harvesting of allantoic fluid where it survived exposure at 57°C for 2 hours. If the oral vaccination technique is optimized
it may be used in controlling FP in scavenging and feral chickens. In conclusion, the present study has shown that FP vaccine
(strain TPV-1) was safe, thermostable, immunogenic and efficacious in vaccinated chickens. 相似文献
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传染性法氏囊病超强毒Gx株的致弱研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：9
本研究成功将鸡传染性法氏囊病超强毒vvIBDVGx株通过SPF鸡胚的快速培育及鸡胚成纤维细胞传代致弱，揭示了vvIBDV从超强毒力向弱毒力转化过程中，其主要结构蛋白VP2基因核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列的变化规律。对不同代次细胞毒进行了序列分析。发现细胞毒在第7代以前，VP2基因序列没有改变。与欧洲标准超强毒氨基酸同源性达100%；细胞毒第8代，有个别核苷酸发生了改变。但没有影响氨基酸序列；细胞毒第9代是变化复杂的过渡代；10代毒VP2基因与欧洲标准弱毒Cu-1氨基酸序列同源性达97%；以后的细胞适应毒至20代。其VP2基因序列不再改变。致病性实验表明原代毒对4周龄SPF鸡致死率为64%。细胞毒第5代的致死率为60%，而20代毒对鸡无致病性。在鸡体内连续传代6代不返强。 相似文献
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在Vero细胞上适应且连续传17代的传染性法氏囊病病毒X毒株IBDVX,再经鸡胚成纤维细胞CEF连续传代后,得到了适应CEF细胞生长且毒力相对稳定的的弱毒株(IBDVX-28)。IBDVX-28~IBDVX-43代毒均能在72h~96h内产生明显的细胞病变效应(CPE),半数细胞感染量(TCID50)在10-8.47/0.1mL~10-9.26/0.1mL之间,半数鸡胚感染量(EID50)在10-4.71/0.2mL~10-5.80/0.2mL之间。致病性试验表明,各代次毒能引起10日龄鸡胚40%~50%的感染或死亡,对30日龄SPF小鸡基本无致病性,所有试验鸡均未见法氏囊明显的眼观病变,囊指数(b/B)平均为0.35±0.040;IBDVX-28代毒在雏鸡体内回归6代,均未见法氏囊明显的眼观病变,囊指数保持稳定。 相似文献
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从山东某疑似感染禽腺病毒的发病鸡群中采集病料并分离到一株禽腺病毒,克隆纯化后进行PCR检测和序列分析,鉴定该毒株为血清4型禽腺病毒,命名为GY株。用LMH细胞繁殖的GY株病毒滴度可以达到107.5 TCID50/0.1mL,并建立了纯净稳定的种子批。动物致病性试验结果显示,攻毒鸡只8/10死亡,剖检均出现心包积液,肝脏肿大、出血或坏死,表明该毒株为强毒株。就攻毒途径、攻毒剂量等方面研究发现,GY株经胸部肌肉注射后发病率和发病时间相对颈部皮下注射途径更有优势,确定攻毒途径为肌肉注射;通过比较不同剂量(5×103.0~5×106.0 TCID50)GY株病毒攻击SPF鸡的致病性,将攻毒剂量定为5×105.0 TCID50。研究表明,GY株可作为禽腺病毒4型攻毒用强毒株。 相似文献
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秦皇岛株和唐山株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对5种抗球虫药的抗药性检测 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的为检测柔嫩艾美耳球虫秦皇岛株和唐山株株对氯羟吡啶、氨丙啉、马杜霉素、地克珠利和尼卡巴嗪等5种抗球虫药的抗药性。方法选择280只14日龄雏鸡,随机分成14组,其中每株球虫均设5个感染用药组,1个感染不用药组,1个不感染不用药组,每组20只,以POAA、RLS、ROP、ACI作为指标。结果秦皇岛株对所选的5种抗球虫药物均产生不同程度的抗药性,而唐山株对氯羟吡啶、马杜霉素和地克珠利有不同程度的抗药性,对氨丙啉和尼卡巴嗪无抗药性。其中在这5种抗球虫药物中,秦皇岛株和唐山株柔嫩艾美耳球虫对地克珠利均呈现完全抗药性。结论目前地克珠利在秦皇岛和唐山两地区须减少或暂停使用。 相似文献
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马杜拉霉素联合尼卡巴嗪的抗球虫效果与毒性试验 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选用２１日龄雏鸡，人工感染柔嫩艾美尔球虫（Ｅｉｍｅｒｉａｔｅｎｅｌａ），用马杜拉霉素尼卡巴嗪按一定比例混合，按６５ｍｇ／ｋｇ比例混入饲料中饲喂。结果表明其推荐剂量的抗球虫指数在两批试验中分别为１９２６８与１９３４２，属高效。急性毒性试验，该混合剂约ＬＤ５０，对小白鼠和鸡分别为７３６ｍｇ／ｋｇ与５１５２８ｍｇ／ｋｇ，均属低毒。 相似文献
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A survey of the prevalence of subclinical coccidiosis in broiler-chickens was conducted in the municipality of Mashhad, Khorasan, Iran. Eighty-four chicken farms were randomly selected; from each farm, five birds per 10 000 were sampled (as was litter). Serial scraping of the intestinal lining was done in chicks at 3rd and >6th week of age.
The farm-level prevalence of subclinical coccidiosis was 38% (95% CI: 28, 48.47%). Uni- and multi-variable associations were tested between each variable. An increased risk of infection in the broiler was associated with the larger farm, with older chickens, and if the chicken farm were sampled in the winter or spring, using coccidiostat in the food was not associated. The peak oocyst score in the litter occurred at >6th week of age. Most farms (97%) had E. acervulina; (41%) had E. maxima and (12%) had E. tenella. 相似文献
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The clinical response of 7-day-old chickens to Newcastle disease vaccine strains V4, B1 and La Sota administered by the aerosol method was used to study the residual virulence of the strains. Parameters used to assess the severity of the clinical response were the number of sneezes recorded and the weight gain of chickens in the 10 day test period. The demeanour of the chickens was also observed.
Strain V4 was less pathogenic for chickens than strain B1 which was less virulent than strain La Sota. Statistically significent differences were recorded in weight gain and the number of sneezes detected in each group. An unexpected mild respiratory disease recorded in chickens dosed with strain V4 may have been associated with administration of virus as a fine particle aerosol. Aust. vet. J. 61: 47–49 相似文献
Strain V4 was less pathogenic for chickens than strain B1 which was less virulent than strain La Sota. Statistically significent differences were recorded in weight gain and the number of sneezes detected in each group. An unexpected mild respiratory disease recorded in chickens dosed with strain V4 may have been associated with administration of virus as a fine particle aerosol. Aust. vet. J. 61: 47–49 相似文献
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鸡组织中尼卡巴嗪残留HPLC检测方法的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
建立了尼卡巴嗪标识残留物在鸡组织中残留的HPLC检测方法.样品用乙腈提取,正己烷脱脂,C18固相小柱净化.以乙腈:水(52: 48)为流动相,紫外检测器在波长340 nm处检测.在该检测条件下,尼卡巴嗪标示残留物DNC的检测限为31.25μg/kg,定量限为100μg/kg.DNC工作液在31.25～8 000 μg/kg范围内药物浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 9).尼卡巴嗪在鸡肌肉、肝脏和肾脏中添加浓度分别为0.1、0.2和0.4 μg/g时,样品回收率在80.06%～89.87%之间.批内变异系数小于7.09%,批间变异系数小于6.34%. 相似文献
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Nicarbazin is an anticoccidial drug, used mainly in birds, which can also be used in rabbits. It has been shown to produce several effects, such as inhibition of growth and feed efficiency in poultry. The aim of the present work was to determine whether nicarbazin alters intestinal absorption of sugar. Results obtained show that nicarbazin decreases D-galactose accumulation in the jejunal tissue and increases mucosal to serosal transepithelial fluxes of this sugar, in both cases in a dose-dependent way. Furthermore, nicarbazin seems not to modify the sugar diffusion across the intestinal epithelium. The drug also stimulates the sugar uptake in brush border and basolateral membrane vesicles. The results suggest that in rabbits nicarbazin increases sugar intestinal absorption mediated by carriers. 相似文献
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本试验采集广东某鸡场疑似禽网状内皮组织增生症患病鸡病料并进行处理,经接种DF1细胞、聚合酶链式反应（PCR）及特异性间接免疫荧光试验（IFA）,分离鉴定出1株禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒（REV）,命名为 GD1210。依据已发表的REV前病毒全基因组序列设计并合成6对引物,采用分段扩增的方法完成了分离株的全基因组序列测定。结果显示,该分离株基因组序列全长8443 bp。将该分离株的基因序列与国内外各参考株相应序列进行同源性比对分析,与SNV株亲缘关系最近,核苷酸同源性最高。将该分离株感染1日龄SPF鸡以鉴定其致病性,结果显示该分离株使SPF鸡产生严重的免疫抑制作用。 相似文献
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Several subgroup J-like avian leukosis viruses (ALV-Js) were isolated from broiler breeder (BB) and commercial broiler flocks experiencing myeloid leukosis (ML) at 4 wk of age or older. In all cases, diagnosis of ML was based on the presence of typical gross and microscopic lesions in affected tissues. The isolates were classified as ALV-J by 1) their ability to propagate in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) that are resistant to avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroups A and E (C/AE) and 2) positive reaction in a polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for ALV-J. The prototype strain of these isolates, an isolate termed ADOL-Hc1, was obtained from an adult BB flock that had a history of ML. The ADOL-Hc1 was isolated and propagated on C/AE CEF and was distinct antigenically from ALV of subgroups A, B, C, D, and E, as determined by virus neutralization tests. Antibody to ADOL-Hc1 neutralized strain HPRS-103, the prototype of ALV-J isolated from meat-type chickens in the United Kingdom, but antibody to HPRS-103 did not neutralize strain ADOL-Hc1. On the basis of both viremia and antibody, prevalence of ALV-J infection in affected flocks was as high as 87%. Viremia in day-old chicks of three different hatches from a BB flock naturally infected with ALV-J varied from 4% to 25%; in two of the three hatches, 100% of chicks that tested negative for virus at hatch had evidence of viremia by 8 wk of age. The data document the isolation of ALV-J from meat-type chickens experiencing ML as young as 4 wk of age. The data also suggest that strain ADOL-Hc1 is antigenically related, but not identical, to strain HPRS-103 and that contact transmission of ALV-J is efficient and can lead to tolerant infection. 相似文献