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《农业科学学报》2016,(9)
Fermented forages are important feedstuffs. Bacillus subtilis inoculants are often used to improve the value of forage legume fermentation. The present work was conducted to study the effects of replacing soybean meal with solid-state fermented alfalfa meal(FAM) with B. subtilis ACCC 01746 on growth performance, serum antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities, and cecal microflora in goose. 300 healthy geese with similar body weights were randomly assigned to six treatment groups with five replicates of 10 geese(five males and five females) each. Geese were fed ad libitum for 35 days. Results showed that the geese fed with 4 and 8% FAM exhibited no significant effects on their final body weights(FBW) and average day gain(ADG)(P0.05), whereas 12% or higher FAM caused poor growth of the geese compared with control diet(linear(L): P0.05). The average daily feed intake(ADFI)(quadratic(Q): P0.05) and feed conversion ratio(FCR)(L: P0.05) with 8% or higher supplementation level were higher than those of the control group. The activities of antioxidant enzyme in serum increased, and the level of malondialdehyde(MDA) significantly decreased with increasing dietary FAM level(L: P0.05). However, no significant differences were observed at 8% or lower supplementation level for glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)(P0.05) and at 4% for catalase(CAT) supplementation level compared with the control group. All diets containing FAM increased digestive enzyme activities in geese. However, geese fed diets with 12% FAM supplementation showed the highest trypsin activities in pancreas(Q: P0.05). Supplementation with 12% or higher FAM significantly increased amylase activities in pancreas(L: P0.05) and duodenum(L: P0.05) compared with the control group. Significant differences were not observed in total anaerobic bacteria between geese fed with FAM and control diets on day 35(P0.05). The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the cecum of geese fed with FAM significantly increased(L: P0.05), but no significant effects were found with 4 and 8% FAM supplementation levels compared with the control(P0.05). By contrast, the coliform counts of cecum decreased with increasing inclusion of FAM, but these counts were significantly reduced in geese fed diets with 12% or higher FAM supplementation level(L: P0.05). Collectively, our results indicated that supplementation of the basal geese diet with 8% FAM had no apparent adverse effects on growth performance, serum antioxidant enzyme activities, and digestive parameters and beneficial microbiota. 相似文献
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【目的】通过在0—15周龄鹅饲粮中添加不同水平维生素D3,探讨其对鹅生产性能、胴体品质和胫骨发育的影响;【方法】试验选择1日龄肝用型青农灰鹅360只,随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复10只。维生素D3在基础饲粮中添加量分别为：0(对照组)、200、400、800、1600、3 200 IU•kg-1;试验期为15周,记录其采食量、体重和健康状况,计算生产性能;4周龄末和15周龄末分别从每重复抽取1只和2只试验鹅屠宰,测定其屠宰性能、胴体品质和胫骨指标。【结果】（1）饲粮中未添加维生素D3的对照组软骨症发生率为：0—4周36.67%,5—15周26.67%,明显高于试验组;维生素D3添加量3 200 IU•kg-1无临床中毒症状。（2）与对照组相比,饲粮添加400 IU•kg-1维生素D3可显著提高0—4周龄鹅日采食量和日增重(P＜0.05),维生素D3的添加可显著提高5—15周鹅日增重(P＜0.05),但添加组组间差异不显著。（3）饲粮中添加800 IU•kg-1维生素D3可极显著提高15周龄鹅的屠宰率(P＜0.01),显著提高半净膛率(P＜0.05);添加维生素D3对胸肌肉色有显著影响(P＜0.05)。（4）提高饲粮维生素D3水平可显著提高4周龄鹅胫骨的密度、重量及钙磷含量和15周龄胫骨密度、重量和灰分含量(P＜0.05);【结论】（1）添加维生素D3对鹅的生产性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和胫骨发育具有重要调控作用;饲粮中不添加维生素D3鹅的软骨症发生率明显增加。（2）鹅饲粮维生素D3最适添加量为：0—4周471.70 IU•kg-1,5—15周548.63 IU•kg-1。 相似文献
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青饲料影响鹅脂肪沉积和饲料转化效率。文章选择70日龄皖西白鹅240只,随机分为4组,每组3个重复。组1饲喂精料,2至4组为精料分别添加干物质含量15%、30%和45%青饲料,育肥30 d。皖西白鹅80日龄体重30%青料添加组显著高于其他各组(P0.05),90和100日龄体重不受青饲料添加比例影响。对照组母鹅腿肌重和腿肌率显著高于30%~45%青饲料添加组。血清VLDL、HDL、FFA和CM含量随育肥时间而下降(P0.05),但不受青饲料添加比例影响。皖西白鹅育肥早期体重受青饲料影响,15%~30%青饲料有助于提高育肥效果;血脂不能作为皖西白鹅肌内脂肪含量选择的间接指标。研究结果为鹅育肥期青饲料添加比例和添加时间确定提供理论依据。 相似文献
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试验选用99只1日龄雄性东北大白鹅,随机分为3组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,亚麻脱脂粕组在日粮中添加亚麻脱脂粕粉2.0 g.kg-1,提取木脂素组在饮水中添加木脂素提取液0.1 mL.L-1,试验8周。结果表明,试验组平均日增重较对照组分别增加8.77%和11.22%(P>0.05);试验组平均日采食量较对照组分别增加9.26%和14.35%(P>0.05);试验组与对照组相比料肉比差异不显著(P>0.05);鹅血清胰岛素含量较对照组增加4.70%和8.19(%P>0.05);鹅甲状腺素(T4)含量较对照组提高11.23%和19.67%(P>0.05);而胸腺指数与对照组相比分别提高29.55%和33.57%(P<0.05);试验组鹅血清中白介素-2含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),分别提高20.75%和23.64%。试验结果提示亚麻木脂素对鹅生长性能效果不显著,但可提高鹅的免疫功能。 相似文献
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为探究江南白鹅消化器官早期生长发育特点,通过饲养试验研究江南白鹅消化器官的生长发育规律及其与体重的相关关系,以期为江南白鹅及其他中型白鹅的饲料科学配制和科学饲养参考。结果表明：①4周龄时,各消化器官的长度或重量与9周龄时比较,十二指肠、空肠和回肠的长度和重量均达80%以上,盲肠达69%,胃重量达63%,肝脏重量达56%。0—4周中,第1周各消化器官的指数增长率最高,均达66%以上。②4周龄时,江南白鹅的十二指肠长度、空肠长度、空肠重量和腺胃重量与9周龄时体重呈显著正相关（P＜0.05）;其他指标与体重相关性不显著（P>0.05）。③整个生长期,江南白鹅消化器官的生长发育集中于前4周,肠道优先发育,随后是胃部,再其次是肝脏。消化器官的生长发育高峰期在第1周,且速度大于同期体重。空肠早期的生长发育情况与体重生长相关性最强。 相似文献
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用分离到的鹅禽副粘病毒（ＧＰＭＶ）毒株,进行人工发病实验,证实该毒株对１、１４、２８、４８日龄的鹅都有较强的致病力,但其致死率随年龄增大而下降;通过不同感染途径对２８日龄鹅的发病实验,表明点眼、滴鼻、口服、肌注、皮下注射都可造成鹅感染病和死亡,但口服途径致死率最高,滴鼻最低。该病毒主要引起鹅的败血病变化及神经组织的变化,电镜下,可见脑组织细胞受损的超微结构变化。 相似文献
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鹅对日粮纤维消化机理的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
文中主要从日粮纤维对鹅消化道生理功能的影响、日粮纤维水平对鹅生长发育的影响、鹅对日粮纤维消化利用特点、鹅对日粮纤维的消化机理4个方面进行综述,进一步明确鹅对日粮纤维的消化机理,为开展鹅对日粮纤维的营养研究及制定鹅的饲养标准提供理论依据. 相似文献
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四川白鹅、皖西白鹅、朗德鹅、豁眼鹅及其杂种肉用性能的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本试验以四川白鹅（S）为母本，分别与皖西白鹅（K）、朗德鹅（L）、豁眼鹅（H）杂交，组成KS、LS、HS三个杂交组合和SS、KK、LL、HH四个条本组合。测定在放牧补词条件下，肉鹅0-12周龄的增重速度；舍饲鹅60、70日龄及放牧70、84日龄的屠宰性能。结果表明：相同组合的生长速度放牧补饲优于全舍饲．屠宰结果：60日龄的屠宰率明显低于70日龄，而84日龄与70日龄相比，增加不多；70日龄同组合不同饲养方式的屠宰率虽然有差异，但不显著（P＞0．05）。体重杂交优势最明显的为放牧HS组，其次LS，KS未表现出体重杂种优势。本试验表明，参试各组9-10周龄为最佳上市期，以四川白鹅为母本的名杂交组同亲本SS比较提高了胸腿肌率。本试验结果还讨论了有关肉鹅育种和营养问题。 相似文献
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Exogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) decreases food intake and causes satiety in animals and man. However, it has not been established that endogenous CCK causes satiety or whether the response is mediated by peripheral-type (CCK-A) or brain-type (CCK-B) receptors. The development of potent and selective antagonists for CCK-A (MK-329) and CCK-B (L-365,260) receptors now allows these issues to be addressed. The CCK-A antagonist MK-329 and the CCK-B antagonist L-365,260 increased food intake in partially satiated rats and postponed the onset of satiety; however, L-365,260 was 100 times more potent than MK-329 in increasing feeding and preventing satiety. These results suggest that endogenous CCK causes satiety by an agonist action on CCK-B receptors in the brain. 相似文献