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1.
2008年7月末,我国青岛即墨地区患病的虎皮鹦鹉幼雏出现体重下降、脱羽和羽毛变形萎缩、鸟喙变形及胸腺结构变异等症状,怀疑为鹦鹉喙羽病(PBFD)。利用PCR对濒死鹦鹉进行鹦鹉喙羽病病毒(PBFDV)的检测,并对扩增的C1基因进行了测序与分析。结果表明,有两只检测为PBFDV阳性,B last分析发现,QD-CN08株与GenBank中已发表的PBFDV分离株C1基因同源性为82%~93%,进化树分析表明与日本的毒株有比较近的亲缘关系。结合临床症状、流行病学特征和实验室诊断,确诊为鹦鹉喙羽病,此病为中国大陆首次报道。  相似文献   

2.
鹦鹉喙羽病(PBFD)是鹦鹉目前最常见的疾病,对鹦鹉养殖业危害极其严重。根据鹦鹉喙羽病毒(PBFDV)基因片段的克隆和序列分析,设计合成1对特异性引物,以CP基因为模板,经PCR扩增获得830 bp的核苷酸DNA,并用DIG标记DNA,制备用于检测PBFDV的特异性核酸探针。用该核酸探针对疑似感染PBFDV的鹦鹉病料进行斑点杂交检测,并对鉴定为阳性的PBFDV进行全基因组扩增和测序分析。结果显示,利用PCR结合斑点杂交技术检测PBFDV,特异性强、敏感度高,具有可重复性。鉴定为阳性的2株PBFDV全基因组序列之间同源性为100%,与已报道序列的同源性为81.5%～98.9%。本研究为我国开展PBFDV感染的分子流行病学调查和临床诊断提供了一种敏感、特异的检测方法。  相似文献   

3.
本研究旨在分析浙江省猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）的遗传变异情况,利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法对2015-2016年浙江省内收集的58份猪腹泻样品进行检测,设计2对特异性引物对16份来自浙江不同地区PEDV阳性样品的S1基因进行RT-PCR扩增、克隆及序列测定,并应用生物信息学软件对16株PEDV浙江毒株的S1基因进行分析。结果显示,48份样品为PEDV阳性。16个毒株之间S1基因片段核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为93.1%~99.8%和92.4%~99.7%,与疫苗株CV777的核苷酸同源性为92.3%~95.7%,氨基酸同源性为90.7%~95.7%。与疫苗株CV777相比,15个毒株在S1基因区域存在着15个核苷酸插入和6个核苷酸缺失。系统进化分析表明,大部分毒株与国内外流行的基因Ⅱ型PEDV毒株亲缘关系较近,15个毒株与2011-2016年中国流行的基因Ⅱ型PEDV毒株核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均在96.6%以上;与早期分离的CV777株、LZC株亲缘关系较远,核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均在93.4%以下;1个毒株（ZJ16NB6）与国内外流行的S-INDEL样毒株较近,核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性较高,均在98.4%~99.5%之间。本研究结果表明,2015-2016年浙江省仔猪腹泻主要是由PEDV感染引起的,浙江省流行的PEDV同时存在着基因Ⅱ型和S-INDEL样毒株,但以基因Ⅱ型毒株为主。  相似文献   

4.
浙江省猪流行性腹泻病毒S1基因克隆与序列分析   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  
本研究旨在分析浙江省猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的遗传变异情况,利用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法对2015-2016年浙江省内收集的58份猪腹泻样品进行检测,设计2对特异性引物对16份来自浙江不同地区PEDV阳性样品的S1基因进行RT-PCR扩增、克隆及序列测定,并应用生物信息学软件对16株PEDV浙江毒株的S1基因进行分析。结果显示,48份样品为PEDV阳性。16个毒株之间S1基因片段核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为93.1%~99.8%和92.4%~99.7%,与疫苗株CV777的核苷酸同源性为92.3%~95.7%,氨基酸同源性为90.7%~95.7%。与疫苗株CV777相比,15个毒株在S1基因区域存在着15个核苷酸插入和6个核苷酸缺失。系统进化分析表明,大部分毒株与国内外流行的基因Ⅱ型PEDV毒株亲缘关系较近,15个毒株与2011-2016年中国流行的基因Ⅱ型PEDV毒株核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均在96.6%以上;与早期分离的CV777株、LZC株亲缘关系较远,核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均在93.4%以下;1个毒株(ZJ16NB6)与国内外流行的S-INDEL样毒株较近,核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性较高,均在98.4%~99.5%之间。本研究结果表明,2015-2016年浙江省仔猪腹泻主要是由PEDV感染引起的,浙江省流行的PEDV同时存在着基因Ⅱ型和S-INDEL样毒株,但以基因Ⅱ型毒株为主。  相似文献   

5.
为了解江西地区猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的流行和变异情况,本研究利用RT-PCR方法对2017年采自江西省部分地区规模化猪场182份腹泻仔猪小肠组织和粪便样品进行检测,并设计了2对引物对37份阳性病料的S基因进行扩增、克隆及序列测定,以及与GenBank中登录的22株PEDV S基因参考序列进行遗传进化分析。结果显示,37株PEDV江西流行株的S基因序列长为4 158或4 161 bp,编码1 385或1 386个氨基酸,全部为Group 1型,与美国流行毒株较为接近,而与欧洲毒株(Br1/87)及疫苗株(CV777)亲缘关系较远;37株PEDV中有36株为G1-1亚群,1株为G1-2亚群;37株PEDV江西毒株间的S基因核苷酸序列同源性为96.9%～100.0%,氨基酸序列同源性为96.1%～100.0%,与22株参考毒株的核苷酸、氨基酸序列同源性分别为92.7%～100.0%和91.5%～100.0%;相较于CV777疫苗株,PEDV江西流行毒株的S基因存在碱基缺失、插入和位点突变现象。本研究从分子流行病学角度证实了2017年江西部分地区PEDV的流行与变异情况,为指导江西省PEDV的科学防控提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

6.
为深入了解云南省牛冠状病毒（bovine coranarirus,BCoV）在不同地区、不同年龄牛群中的流行情况,2021—2022年采集大理、陆良、石林、寻甸等4个地区5家牛场不同年龄牛的粪便样品357份（腹泻样品61份、非腹泻样品296份）进行BCoV RT-PCR检测,并对BCoV阳性样品进行N基因测序分析。结果显示：在357份粪便样品中,检出BCoV阳性51份,总样品检出率为14.29%,5家牛场均有阳性检出,场阳性率为100%;1周龄、1周龄—1月龄、1~6月龄、1岁以上牛粪便样品的BCoV检出率分别为10.00%、19.23%、10.81%、17.31%;腹泻样品BCoV检出率为36.07%,非腹泻样品为9.78%。通过扩增得到4条完整的BCoV N基因序列;经同源性与遗传进化分析,4条N基因序列高度保守,相互间核苷酸同源性为99.0%~99.8%,与国内参考毒株处于同一小分支,亲缘关系近,核苷酸同源性为97.7%~99.9%,与美国4-17-03、7-16-23、4-17-25和日本GF2020等毒株处于同一个大分支且遗传距离较近;与美国原始毒株Mebus处于不同的大分支,亲缘关系较远,核苷酸同源性为98.1%~98.2%。结果表明：云南省牛群中可能广泛存在BCoV流行,1周龄—1月龄犊牛感染发病风险最高,调运或引种导致BCoV在国内传播的可能性较大。因此,需加强BCoV流行的监测与控制,严格进行检疫,加快疫苗研发和应用。  相似文献   

7.
为了掌握豫西地区猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)的流行特征,采用PCR方法对2016—2020年采集自豫西地区的152份临床病料进行了PRV病原学检测,并对PCR阳性样品进行了病毒的分离鉴定与gE基因遗传变异分析。结果:152份临床病料样品中PRV野毒株阳性率为13.82%,不同区县中以嵩县(21.05%)和栾川县(20.0%)的阳性率较高,不同年份中以2017年(20.69%)和2018年(19.05%)的阳性率较高;8个分离毒株均能引起BHK-21细胞发生变圆变大、聚集拉网、脱落等典型细胞病变,其每毫升TCID_(50)介于10~(-5.88)至10~(-6.77)之间,8个分离毒株对兔均有致病性;8个分离毒株gE基因与GenBank中登录的PRV流行毒株gE基因核苷酸序列同源性在97.4%～100%之间,且与国内2012年以来流行的变异毒株亲缘关系较近,与Ea株、LA株、Min-A株亲缘关系次之,与Kaplan株、Becker株亲缘关系较远。说明豫西地区存在PRV野毒株散发性流行,以2017年和2018年流行较为严重;获得的8个分离株具有较高的病毒滴度,对兔为高致病性毒株,且为国内近年来流行的变异毒株。  相似文献   

8.
为调查猫白血病病毒(FeLV)在青岛地区的流行情况,对2018年—2019年在青岛地区动物医院采集的25份临床疑似患有猫白血病的病料进行FeLV的RT-PCR检测,并对阳性样品的PCR产物进行了测序和遗传进化分析。结果表明,25份样品中14份检测为FeLV阳性,检出率为56%,检出率较高。同源性分析表明,除4株毒株同源性为100%外,其余各毒株间同源性差异较大,在85.5%～99.6%之间,各毒株间发生了一定变异。遗传进化分析表明,13株毒株独自形成一个分支,与来自中国台湾的FeLV-TWK30毒株遗传进化关系较远。可见猫白血病病毒在青岛地区的感染已较为严重,加强监测及防疫已经刻不容缓。  相似文献   

9.
为了解鹦鹉禽多瘤病毒(APV)陕西分离株(SX-2018株)VP1基因的分子特征,并建立可用于临床的快速灵敏的APV检测方法,本研究通过PCR扩增了SX-2018株VP1基因序列,并与22株国内外参考株进行了核苷酸同源性比较和遗传进化分析。结果显示:扩增的SX-2018株VP1基因全长为1 032 bp,与其他APV分离株核苷酸相似度为99.1%～100.0%;遗传进化分析显示SX-2018株属于CladeⅡ分支。设计针对VP1基因的特异性引物(209 bp)并构建其相应的质粒标准品,以不同浓度的该质粒标准品为模板扩增并绘制了标准曲线,通过条件优化建立了APV SYBR Green荧光定量PCR检测方法。结果显示:建立的荧光定量PCR方法仅特异性扩增APV,与鹦鹉其它常见病毒无交叉反应,特异性强;对质粒标准品检测的最低浓度达5.4×101拷贝/μL,为常规PCR的100倍;组内组间变异系数分别小于0.5%、1.5%,重复性好。利用该方法与常规PCR方法对疑似APV感染的30份样品进行检测并比较,结果显示:建立的APV SYBR Green荧光定量PCR检测方法与常规PCR的符合率为86.67%,且阳性检出率高于常规PCR。本研究为我国鹦鹉APV的分子流行病学调查提供了参考数据,为在鹦鹉群中开展该病的筛查提供了有效的技术手段。  相似文献   

10.
为了确定云南NDV毒株F基因和HN基因的结构特征及其与已知毒株的遗传相关性,应用RT-PCR技术对云南省部分地州养殖场采集的鸡或鸭喉气管组织样品4 700份进行新城疫病毒(NDV)检测,共检出阳性样品25份。对其中8份阳性样品进行NDV F基因与HN基因扩增后,克隆至pMD18-T载体测序,并与国内外代表性毒株和当前流行疫苗毒株进行比对及系统发育分析。结果表明,云南省NDV毒株F基因与国内代表性毒株核苷酸序列同源性介于93.0%～99.2%之间,氨基酸同源性介于90.7%～99.1%之间;与疫苗毒株的核苷酸同源性在83.3%～86.9%之间,氨基酸同源性在86.0%～88.7%之间。HN基因与国内代表性毒株核苷酸同源性介于96.4%～99.1%之间,氨基酸同源性介于95.6%～99.3%之间;而与当前疫苗毒株相比,同源性较低,核苷酸同源性介于81.3%～82.0%之间,氨基酸同源性介于87.6%～88.8%之间。系统进化分析表明,云南NDV F基因有2株属于基因Ⅱ型,其余6株均属于基因Ⅶe型。云南NDV HN基因则均属于基因Ⅶ型。  相似文献   

11.
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12.
The prevalence of Salmonella in fresh pork cuttings in Denmark in the years 2002 and 2006 was investigated at retail and compared with the retail supply pattern. A total of 1025 and 3473 samples were taken in 2002 from butcher's shops and supermarkets, respectively. The corresponding numbers in 2006 were 259 from butchers' shops and 628 from supermarkets. In 2002, 1.2% of all samples were positive for Salmonella; butchers' shops and supermarkets had 1.8% and 1.0% positive samples, respectively. The overall prevalence in 2006 was 4.2%, with prevalence of 8.1% and 2.6% for butchers' shops and supermarkets, respectively. Hence, increases around 3- to 5-fold were found. There was neither observed any parallel increase in Salmonella positive carcasses in Danish slaughterhouses during the study period, nor were any changes in supply routes towards slaughterhouses with higher prevalence observed, which could explain the apparent increase. We hypothesize that hygiene levels and ability to avoid cross-contamination and prevent growth of the organism, in the meat processing chain after slaughter were the most likely responsible factors. Results from this study indicate that the hygiene performance, particularly at retail, has a significant impact on the occurrence of Salmonella. This implies that there is no direct link between slaughterhouse Salmonella surveillance data and the level of Salmonella contamination at retail. To improve risk assessment of Salmonella in fresh pork meat, this study underlines the need for comprehensive retail data.  相似文献   

13.
Helminth and protozoan parasites in dogs and cats in Belgium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
This study investigates the level of helminthic and protozoal infestation over the last 10 years in strays, well-cared-for dogs and cats. Determination of the prevalence of infections was based either on faecal examination or on worm counts at necropsy. Of 2324 faecal flotations (NaCl sp.gr. 1.20) of stray dogs, 34.2% had eggs or proglottids of one or more worm species consisting of Toxocara canis (17.4%), Toxascaris leonina (10.1%), Uncinaria stenocephala (11.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.0%) and cestodes (2.1%). Isospora oocysts were observed in 5.2% of the dogs. The data on the distribution of the various worm species in the positive dogs indicate that T. canis eggs were by far the most common (50.9%). Necropsy data from 212 infected dogs indicate that 38.9% were infected with T. canis and 33.7% with T. leonina. The overall prevalence of worm infestation of 246 well-cared-for kennel dogs, based on worm egg counts by the McMaster technique, was 36.1%. Of 30 feline faecal samples examined by flotation, 83.3% were positive for parasites, including Toxocara cati (60%), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (36.6%), Taenia (Hydatigera) taeniaeformis (20%) and coccidia (30%). Toxocara cati was the most frequently found worm species at the necropsy of 25 cats (52%). Toxoplasma was not observed.  相似文献   

14.
Sanguinarine (SA) is a benzo[c] phenanthridine alkaloid which has a variety of pharmacological properties. However, very little was known about the pharmacokinetics of SA and its metabolite dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA) in pigs. The purpose of this work was to study the intestinal metabolism of SA in vitro and in vivo. Reductive metabolite DHSA was detected during incubation of SA with intestinal mucosa microsomes, cytosol, and gut flora. After oral (p.o.) administration of SA, the result showed SA might be reduced to DHSA in pig intestine. After i.m. administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their peak concentrations (Cmax, 30.16 ± 5.85, 5.61 ± 0.73 ng/ml, respectively) at 0.25 hr. Both compounds were completely eliminated from the plasma after 24 hr. After single oral administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their Cmax (3.41 ± 0.36, 2.41 ± 0.24 ng/ml, respectively) at 2.75 ± 0.27 hr. The half-life (T1/2) values were 2.33 ± 0.11 hr and 2.20 ± 0.12 hr for SA and DHSA, respectively. After multiple oral administration, the average steady-state concentrations (Css) of SA and DHSA were 3.03 ± 0.39 and 1.42 ± 0.20 ng/ml. The accumulation indexes for SA and DHSA were 1.21 and 1.11. The work reported here provides important information on the metabolism sites and pharmacokinetic character of SA. It explains the reasons for low toxicity of SA, which is useful for the evaluation of its performance.  相似文献   

15.
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride was administered intra-arterially (11 mg/kg) and as an oral drench (33 mg/kg) to ten 21.0-31.5-kg pigs. Five of the pigs were fasted 18 h prior to dosing and five of the pigs were fed ad libitum prior to dosing. The mean volume of distribution determined by area-under-the-curve calculations for the fasted pigs (0.967 +/- 0.210 l/kg) was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than the mean volume of distribution for the fed pigs (1.39 +/- 0.31 l/kg). Mean total body clearance of the drug was also significantly less (P less than 0.05) in the fasted pigs (0.165 +/- 0.055 l/kg/h) as compared to the fed pigs (0.307 +/- 0.053 l/kg/h). The elimination constants (beta) were not found to be statistically different (P less than 0.05): 0.1811 +/- 0.0057 for the fasted pigs; 0.2260 +/- 0.0461 for the fed pigs. The bioavailability for both groups was similar; 19.12 +/- 8.3% for the fasted pigs and 17.88 +/- 5.3% for the fed pigs. In a second experiment three groups of six pigs which weighed 34.5-44.1 kg were fed a corn-soy diet ad libitum. The rations were fortified with chlortetracycline at 100, 400 or 1000 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride/kg feed. Chlortetracycline concentrations were determined in plasma samples collected over a 6-day period. Plasma chlortetracycline concentrations reach a plateau within 24 h after initial access to the trial diets and were highly correlated with the dose of the drug consumed (r2 = 0.97).  相似文献   

16.
2005年如果没有年底的禽流感疫情,对于我国蛋鸡、肉鸡生产来说应该是一个非常完美的丰收年,是哪些因素导致了2005年蛋鸡市场如此好的行情?2006年我国家禽市场又将走向何方?……作者对以上热点问题进行了深入分析研究,供读者参考。  相似文献   

17.
Concentrations of penicillin-G in serum were determined after single intravenous doses of potassium penicillin-G (10 mg/kg body wt) to ewes and cows in late pregnancy and in early lactation. Penicillin-G in serum was analysed by a microbiological method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by model-independent methods. Serum concentrations were lower in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. The differences were statistically significant at most sampling times in ewes but only during the first hour in cows.
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug.  相似文献   

18.
Commercial feedstuffs are a basic element in modern pet husbandry in the world. In dogs, the effect of mycotoxins is severe and can lead to death. Few reports on the influence of dietary mycotoxins were found in the scientific literature. The aims of this work were to isolate and identify the mycoflora and to determine the aflatoxins (AFs) natural occurrence in raw materials and ready dry pet food. Therefore, the aflatoxigenic capacity of Aspergillus flavus species was investigated. Aspergillus was the prevalent genera (65-89%) followed by Penicillium and Fusarium spp. Aspergillus flavus was the most prevalent species, followed by Aspergillus sydowii, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus versicolor. Aspergillus flavus frequencies ranged from 58% to 86% except in sorghum meal. All samples assayed (except corn grains and ready pet food) showed Fusarium spp. contamination. Corn meal and corn meal and gluten samples had 100% Fusarium verticillioides. Fusarium graminearum was isolated from sorghum meal. Aspergillus flavus strains (75%) isolated from raw materials and 57% from pet food were able to produce AFs. All samples showed AFs contamination percentages over 70%; corn and sorghum meal obtained the highest AFs levels. Ready pet food did not show quantitative levels of the tested toxins. This is the first report of the aflatoxigenic capacity by A. flavus from Brazilian pet food.  相似文献   

19.
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20.
A commercial nephelometric test kit for human fibronectin (FN) was found suitable for the estimation if fibronectin concentration in body effusions of cats and dogs. The FN measurements were set in relation to the FN concentration of plasma pools in cats and dogs. A discrimination line of 31.5% completely separated malignant from cardiogenic pleural effusions in cats. For the diagnosis of a malignant pleural effusion, sensitivity was 100% and specificity was 57%. Pleuritis also resulted in high FN concentrations. The FN concentration in malignant pleural effusions in dogs differed significantly ( P < .02) from that in cardiogenic effusions. There were no clinically useful differences in the FN concentration in peritoneal effusions in cats and dogs. The FN/albumin ratio was significantly higher ( P < .02) in dogs with neoplastic abdominal effusion than in those with congestive heart failure.  相似文献   

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