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1.
Dascanio JJ 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2003,30(4):326-330
To facilitate large animal veterinary education, information technology has to connect the classroom to the farm. Technology needs to be portable, durable, and cost-effective. Dairy production medicine was one of the first areas in veterinary medicine to use computers to manage large sets of milk production-related data. Now equine practice has embraced technology in almost every diagnostic imaging methodology. The personal desktop assistant (PDA) has allowed students to take large volumes of information with them during clinical rotations. The technology is advancing so quickly that it is difficult to keep up with new software and hardware developments, let alone purchase the most current versions. This article reviews information technology as it is used in large animal practice and, consequently, in large animal veterinary education. 相似文献
2.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning have promising applications in several medical fields of diagnosis, imaging, and laboratory testing procedures. However, the use of this technology in the veterinary medicine field is lagging behind, and there are many areas where it could be used with potentially successful outcomes and results. In this study, two critical predictions were explored in horses presented with acute abdomen (colic) using this technology. Those were the need for surgical intervention and survivability likelihood of affected horses based on clinical data (history, clinical examination findings, and diagnostic procedures). The two prediction parameters were explored using the application of Decision Trees, Multilayer Perceptron, Bayes Network, and Naïve Bayes. The machine learning algorithms were able to predict the need for surgery and survivability likelihood of horses presented with acute abdomen (colic) with 76% and 85% accuracy, respectively. The application of this technology in the different clinical fields of veterinary medicine appears to be of a value and warrants further investigation and testing. 相似文献
3.
Rachel J. Derscheid Michael C. Rahe Eric R. Burrough Kent J. Schwartz Bailey Arruda 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):419
Technologic advances in information management have rapidly changed laboratory testing and the practice of veterinary medicine. Timely and strategic sampling, same-day assays, and 24-h access to laboratory results allow for rapid implementation of intervention and treatment protocols. Although agent detection and monitoring systems have progressed, and wider tracking of diseases across veterinary diagnostic laboratories exists, such as by the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN), the distinction between detection of agent and manifestation of disease is critical to improved disease management. The implementation of a consistent, intuitive, and useful disease diagnosis coding system, specific for veterinary medicine and applicable to multiple animal species within and between veterinary diagnostic laboratories, is the first phase of disease data aggregation. Feedback loops for continuous improvement that could aggregate existing clinical and laboratory databases to improve the value and applications of diagnostic processes and clinical interventions, with interactive capabilities between clinicians and diagnosticians, and that differentiate disease causation from mere agent detection, remain incomplete. Creating an interface that allows aggregation of existing data from clinicians, including final diagnosis, interventions, or treatments applied, and measures of outcomes, is the second phase. Prototypes for stakeholder cooperation, collaboration, and beta testing of this vision are in development and becoming a reality. We focus here on how such a system is being developed and utilized at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory to facilitate evidence-based medicine and utilize diagnostic coding for continuous improvement of animal health and welfare. 相似文献
4.
和中兽药非提取制剂（主要是散剂）相比,虽然中兽药提取制剂具有明显优点,但片面于讲究现代化制剂工艺和指标性质量标准,导致生产成本增高,失去了经济动物应用价值。针对经济动物临床应用特点,中兽药提取制剂应遵循中兽医药客观特点及发展规律,既要满足药剂学要求,又要保持中兽医药特色,即要充分利用现代先进制剂技术,还有保持制剂成本符合经济规律。 相似文献
5.
Alberto L. Fernandez DVM Justine A. Lee DVM DACVECC Louisa Rahilly DVM DACVECC Lynn Hovda DVM RPH MS DACVIM Ahna G. Brutlag DVM MS Kristin Engebretsen PharmD DABAT 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2011,21(4):309-320
Objective – To review the use of IV lipid emulsion (ILE) for the treatment of toxicities related to fat‐soluble agents; evaluate current human and veterinary literature; and to provide proposed guidelines for the use of this emerging therapy in veterinary medicine and toxicology. Data Sources – Human and veterinary medical literature. Human Data Synthesis – Human data are composed mostly of case reports describing the response to treatment with ILE as variant from mild improvement to complete resolution of clinical signs, which is suspected to be due to the variability of lipid solubility of the drugs. The use of ILE therapy has been advocated as an antidote in cases of local anesthetic and other lipophilic drug toxicoses, particularly in the face of cardiopulmonary arrest and unsuccessful cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation. Veterinary Data Synthesis – The use of ILE therapy in veterinary medicine has recently been advocated by animal poison control centers for toxicoses associated with fat‐soluble agents, but there are only few clinical reports documenting successful use of this therapy. Evidence for the use of ILE in both human and veterinary medicine is composed primarily from experimental animal data. Conclusions – The use of ILE appears to be a safe therapy for the poisoned animal patient, but is warranted only with certain toxicoses. Adverse events associated with ILE in veterinary medicine are rare and anecdotal. Standard resuscitation protocols should be exhausted before considering this therapy and the potential side effects should be evaluated before administration of ILE as a potential antidote in cases of lipophilic drug toxicoses. Further research is waranted. 相似文献
6.
Simulation technology will feature prominently in this exciting, yet challenging, time for veterinary medicine. The profession is evolving to keep pace with rapid changes in clinical practice, scientific discovery, and educational strategy, while ensuring that it follows the public mandate to produce competent veterinarians. Among the challenges to meeting this educational goal are limitations-due to important issues such as animal welfare-on the availability of real patients for training. Drawing chiefly on the experience in human medicine, this article explores the use of simulations in veterinary medical education to provide safe and ethical alternative opportunities for learners to practice essential clinical and professional skills. 相似文献
7.
Exotic small mammal medicine is a relatively new specialty area within veterinary medicine. Ferrets, rabbits, and rodents have long been used as animal models in human medical research investigations, resulting in a body of basic anatomic and physiologic information that can be used by veterinarians treating these species. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of veterinary articles that describe clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options of gastrointestinal (GI) disease as it affects exotic small mammals. Although there is little reference material relating to exotic small mammal GI disease, patients are commonly presented to veterinary hospitals with digestive tract disorders. This article provides the latest information available for GI disease in ferrets (Helicobacter mustelae gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], GI lymphoma, systemic coronavirus, coccidiosis, and liver disease), rabbits (GI motility disorders, liver lobe torsion, astrovirus, and coccidiosis), guinea pigs (gastric dilatation volvulus [GDV]), rats (Taenia taeniaeformis), and hamsters (Clostridium difficile). Both noninfectious diseases and emerging infectious diseases are reviewed as well as the most up-to-date diagnostics and treatment options. 相似文献
8.
Lyons LA 《Topics in companion animal medicine》2010,25(4):203-212
DNA testing for domestic cat diseases and appearance traits is a rapidly growing asset for veterinary medicine. Approximately 33 genes contain 50 mutations that cause feline health problems or alterations in the cat's appearance. A variety of commercial laboratories can now perform cat genetic diagnostics, allowing both the veterinary clinician and the private owner to obtain DNA test results. DNA is easily obtained from a cat via a buccal swab with a standard cotton bud or cytological brush, allowing DNA samples to be easily sent to any laboratory in the world. The DNA test results identify carriers of the traits, predict the incidence of traits from breeding programs, and influence medical prognoses and treatments. An overall goal of identifying these genetic mutations is the correction of the defect via gene therapies and designer drug therapies. Thus, genetic testing is an effective preventative medicine and a potential ultimate cure. However, genetic diagnostic tests may still be novel for many veterinary practitioners and their application in the clinical setting needs to have the same scrutiny as any other diagnostic procedure. This article will review the genetic tests for the domestic cat, potential sources of error for genetic testing, and the pros and cons of DNA results in veterinary medicine. Highlighted are genetic tests specific to the individual cat, which are a part of the cat's internal genome. 相似文献
9.
Larson RL 《Journal of veterinary medical education》2004,31(4):341-346
The veterinary profession has gone through periods of profound change in response to economic and social changes. We are currently in another such period: profound change is required in order for the profession to remain relevant in a marketplace where a rapidly expanding knowledge base and new technologies demand an ever-increasing level of expertise in a greater variety of areas. However, the veterinary profession is perceived both internally and by the public as possessing a narrow set of skills that supports a narrow group of careers focused on salvaging ill or injured companion animals. It will be necessary to dramatically change the way veterinary students are recruited and trained, as well as how graduate veterinarians are licensed and provided continuing education, in order for the veterinary profession to capitalize on our historical strengths and provide service and leadership in a greater diversity of career paths. Even though the number of veterinarians needed to provide primary care for livestock is decreasing, both the level of expertise demanded by livestock owners and the value of veterinary involvement on livestock farms are increasing. Colleges of veterinary medicine appear challenged to meet the changing needs for veterinary services in animal agriculture because of the declining percentage of veterinary students interested in food animal careers. Fortunately for animal agriculture, the skill set needed by food animal veterinarians is also needed by several emerging segments of the veterinary profession that have tremendous potential for rapid growth, including employment in all segments of food production systems, environmental monitoring and management, bio-security and disease eradication, laboratory diagnostics, and federal regulatory and bio-defense roles. Like previous periods of profound change, this moment in history will require creative thought, open discussion, and a willingness to step into the unknown. 相似文献
10.
11.
C K Fenger 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2001,17(2):389-394
Technology promises to improve the lifestyle and life quality of humankind. As a rule, wherever human medicine goes, veterinary medicine is sure to follow. Nevertheless, the promise of technologic advances does not shine as bright for veterinarians as for human physicians. This trend is echoed in the business of animal health as pharmaceutic company after pharmaceutic company spins off or otherwise eliminates their animal health division. Instead, a small group of strictly animal health-oriented companies compete for the animal health dollar, promising that fewer and fewer expensive technologies are likely to be incorporated into the standard of veterinary practice. All is not lost, however, because as progress is made in the field of human biotechnology, the cost of the technology should eventually come down, permitting at least some of the advances in human medicine to become available to the veterinarian. 相似文献
12.
Kate Hopper BVSc DACVECC Shane Bateman DVM DVSc DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2005,15(2):83-91
Objective: To review the current understanding of mechanisms involved in normal hemostasis and to describe the changes associated with pro‐inflammatory disease processes such as sepsis. Data sources: Original research articles and scientific reviews. Human data synthesis: Organ damage caused by sepsis is created in part by the interdependent relationship between hemostasis and inflammation. Markers of coagulation have been found to have prognostic value in human patients with sepsis and there are both experimental and clinical investigations of the therapeutic potential of modulating the hemostatic system in sepsis. Improvement of 28‐day all‐cause mortality in severe sepsis by treatment with recombinant human activated Protein C strongly supports the interdependence of hemostasis and inflammation in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Veterinary data synthesis: Publications reporting clinical evaluation of the hemostatic changes occurring in septic dogs or cats are minimal. Experimental animal models of sepsis reveal significant similarity between human and animal sepsis and may provide relevance to clinical veterinary medicine until prospective clinical evaluations are published. Conclusions: It is now apparent that inflammation and the coagulation system are intimately connected. Understanding this relationship provides some insight into the pathogenesis of the hemostatic changes associated with sepsis. This new updated view of hemostasis may lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation in veterinary medicine. 相似文献
13.
Flow cytometry has become a routine method in human medicine in the last years. Important applications in clinical diagnostics are measurement of DNA-content, cell cycle analysis, immunophenotyping of lymphocytes and cell function measurements. Flow cytometry is at present rarely applied in veterinary medicine. This article reviews basic principles of flow cytometry and demonstrates possibilities of flow cytometric analysis in oncology and diagnostics of anaemia and immunodeficiency in dogs and cats. 相似文献
14.
动物医学专业不仅要求学生掌握扎实的理论知识,还需要具有丰富的临床实践经验。为了实现该目标,除了要求授课教师对专业知识融会贯通,更需要拥有大量典型的临床病例资料。以安徽农业大学动物医院和畜禽疾病诊断中心为平台,收集大量宝贵的临床病例资料和最新的临床诊疗技术,构建了动物医学临床教学数据库,使得诊疗动物种类多样化,案例信息全面化、系统化。该数据库的建成和应用,为临床教师提供了丰富的教学素材和资料,亦提升了学生的学习兴趣,促进了动物医学专业的教育教学发展。 相似文献
15.
Shull RM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》1978,7(3):12-14
Introduction Evaluation of the anion gap and the osmolal gap has become routine in many medical institutions. Both calculations take little time, are essentially without cost, and have proven valuable in assessing a variety of clinical conditions. The wide range of acid-base and electrolyte abnormalities encountered in veterinary medicine makes assessment of anion and osmolal gaps a potentially valuable addition to veterinary clinical pathology. Eight months' experience with determination of calculated gaps at the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine has proven this to be the case. While both calculations are merely aids in the interpretation of clinical and laboratory data, the diagnostic value of the anion gap and the prognostic value of the osmolal gap is readily apparent. Both calculations can also play an important role in quality control monitoring of acid-base and electrolyte determinations. 相似文献
16.
McMichael MA Smith SA 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2011,40(2):140-153
Use of viscoelastic point-of-care (POC) coagulation instrumentation is relatively new to veterinary medicine. In human medicine, this technology has recently undergone resurgence owing to its capacity to detect hypercoagulability. The lack of sensitive tests for detecting hypercoagulable states, along with our current understanding of in vivo coagulation, highlights the deficiencies of standard coagulation tests, such as prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times, which are performed on platelet-poor plasma. Viscoelastic coagulation analyzers can provide an assessment of global coagulation, from the beginning of clot formation to fibrinolysis, utilizing whole blood. In people, use of this technology has been reported to improve management of hemostasis during surgery and decrease usage of blood products and is being used as a rapid screen for hypercoagulability. In veterinary medicine, clinical use of viscoelastic technology has been reported in dogs, cats, foals, and adult horses. This article will provide an overview of the technology, reagents and assays, applications in human and veterinary medicine, and limitations of the 3 viscoelastic POC analyzers in clinical use. 相似文献
17.
M Martinelli 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2001,17(2):275-95, vii
Digitization of clinical data is becoming increasingly important in veterinary medicine. Current veterinary applications range from digital cameras to computed radiography. The opportunity for increased productivity and diagnostic capabilities makes the computerization of veterinary medicine especially exciting. Future trends seem to indicate that more veterinarians should have better technology available in their practices and more veterinarians should be connected to experts, clients, and each other. 相似文献
18.
Michell AR 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,170(2):153-162
This review explores the emergence of Comparative Medicine in the late 19th Century as 'the medicine of the future', its failure to realise these expectations during the 20th century as it became increasingly equated with laboratory animal models of human disease, and explains why there is now an unprecedented opportunity for this latent potential to be fully realised. Comparative medicine no longer rests on apparent similarities between disease mechanisms in different species but on the rapidly maturing ability to relate these similarities to a remarkably rich shared genetic heritage. In the United Kingdom, the creation of the new Medical Research Council Comparative Clinical Science Panel, once securely funded, will provide the infrastructure and strategic focus to foster comparative clinical research, encouraging collaboration between veterinary and human medicine and between investigators in institutes and in practice. This will generate the necessary evidence base for veterinary practice, raise the standard of veterinary research, broaden the horizons of human medicine and create real opportunities for veterinary surgeons to reconcile research with practice. The review explores the broad scope of the science which will flourish in this new environment and examines specific areas in greater depth as examples, notably multifactorial disease such as hypertension and diarrhoea, also aspects of comparative endocrinology and oncology, with emphasis on the growing power conferred by comparative molecular genetics. 相似文献
19.
畜牧兽医专业高职高专蒙古文教材的开发研究,填补了内蒙古自治区乃至全国高校层次畜牧兽医专业没有成套蒙古文教材的空白,对民族畜牧业职业教育的发展具有重大的应用价值和深远的学术意义。阐述了畜牧兽医专业高职高专蒙古文教材开发研究的必要性,并介绍了畜牧兽医专业高职高专成套蒙古文教材的种类及教材开发的方法及步骤。 相似文献
20.
本文综述了粪便移植技术的的概念、由来、研究与进展、作用机理,展望了该技术在兽医上的应用前景,指出其在治疗动物营养代谢疾病、改善机体免疫力低下、增强屏障保护功能、调整机体能量平衡、治疗肥胖和II型糖尿病等方面的应用价值,旨在推广粪便移植疗法在兽医临床上应用。 相似文献