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探讨不同浓度1-MCP(0、0.5、1.0和1.5μL/L)处理12h对在(25±2)℃、相对湿度85%下贮藏的‘四季桃’番石榴果实保鲜效果的影响。贮藏期间测定了果皮色差a*、b*、L*值和色调角h值,果实失重率,果实乙烯释放量及可溶性固形物等营养品质的变化。结果表明:与对照果实相比,1-MCP处理可显著的抑制贮藏过程中番石榴果实的失重率、推迟果实乙烯的释放高峰、延缓果实的黄化进程;不同浓度的1-MCP处理对‘四季桃’番石榴果实的保鲜效果不同,其中1.0μL/L 1-MCP处理12 h的保鲜效果最好,在(25±2)℃下贮藏时,‘四季桃’果实未出现明显的乙烯释放高峰。因此认为,浓度为1.0μL/L的1-MCP处理12 h可以作为‘四季桃’番石榴果实在(25±2)℃、相对湿度85%下贮藏保持其果实品质、延长其贮藏寿命的最适宜的浓度条件。 相似文献
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为了探究1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)处理对‘金艳’猕猴桃果实采后贮藏效果和品质的影响,为‘金艳’猕猴桃采后贮藏保鲜提供理论依据。本研究以‘金艳’猕猴桃果实为试材,采用1 μL/L 1-MCP熏蒸处理12 h,将果实置于常温(20±1℃)贮藏,不做处理为对照组,比较分析1-MCP处理对‘金艳’猕猴桃贮藏期间果实品质及抗氧化相关酶活性的影响。研究结果表明,1-MCP处理能有效延缓猕猴桃果实硬度的下降,降低呼吸强度,延缓可滴定酸(TA)和维生素C(Vc)含量的降低,延缓可溶性固形物(SSC)和可溶性糖含量的上升,同时1-MCP处理显著提高了果实贮藏期间过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等抗氧化酶活性,抑制了多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性和H2O2含量的上升,保持了较高的总酚含量从而维持果实较好的贮藏品质,延长贮藏时间。在金艳猕猴桃果实贮藏期间,1-MCP处理能有效延缓果实后熟软化,同时提高果实抗氧化能力,维持较高果实品质,从而达到较好的贮藏保鲜效果。 相似文献
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为探讨外源硒肥对不同葡萄品种果实品质的影响，以第一年挂果的‘阳光玫瑰’、‘巨玫瑰’和‘夏黑’为试材，研究叶面喷施外源硒肥处理下，不同幼龄葡萄的硒含量、果实内在和外在品质相关指标。结果表明，3个葡萄品种对硒元素的富集能力不同，品质亦有所差异。叶面喷施硒肥均能不同程度的提高葡萄叶片、枝条和果实硒含量，提高果实可溶性固形物含量、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C含量和果肉硬度，降低可滴定酸含量和单宁含量，从而改善果实品质；此外，外源硒肥可以促进‘夏黑’和‘巨玫瑰’果实单粒质量、单穗质量和产量的显著提高，但‘阳光玫瑰’的单粒质量、单穗质量和产量比对照却略有下降。综合比较，‘夏黑’和‘巨玫瑰’更适合富硒栽培。 相似文献
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为明确不同外源钙制剂在采前处理后对‘红阳’猕猴桃果实品质及贮藏性能的影响,本研究以CaCl2、Ca(NO3)2、氨基酸钙和糖醇钙等4种钙制剂以不同浓度在果实采收前进行喷施,研究不同钙制剂对‘红阳’猕猴桃可溶固形物、总糖、总酸、Vc、果实中钙含量、贮藏后品质变化及腐败率等的影响,以筛选出适合‘红阳’猕猴桃在实际生产中运用的钙制剂种类和施用浓度。其结果表明,1.0%的CaCl2能提高‘红阳’猕猴桃果实的可溶固形物、总糖、Vc含量,减少在贮藏过程中果实的霉变率,其效果优于其他3种钙制剂。该研究结果对‘红阳’猕猴桃采前外源钙制剂的施用提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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以北京地区的‘红香酥梨’为试材，研究了3个采收期果实在20℃常温贮藏过程中呼吸强度、乙烯释放量、组织膜透性、果皮色泽、果肉硬度、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、Vc含量以及果实腐烂等指标的变化规律。结果表明：随着采收期推迟，果实呼吸强度和乙烯释放量的峰值出现的时间提前；采收越晚，果肉和果心的相对电导率越高。9月1日（盛花期后138天）采收的果实，果肉硬度、TA和Vc含量保持较高，但单果重低，果面着色差，果皮的膜透性强；9月19日（盛花期后156天）采收的果实，SSC和固酸比高，果皮颜色亮（L值高）、着色好，但贮藏后期，果实Vc含量下降明显，腐烂率较高，贮藏时间短。9月10日（盛花期后147天）采收的果实（种子颜色3/4左右变褐、SSC为 11.04%、果肉硬度6.36kg/cm2），能保持果实相对较高的硬度、Vc含量和固酸比，口感较好，贮藏30天时，果实腐烂率相对较低，贮藏效果最好，商品性最高，可以作为红香酥梨长期贮藏最适宜的采收期。 相似文献
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以百香果‘紫香1号’为材料，以不作任何处理的百香果为空白对照，研究外源一氧化氮（处理浓度为0 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L, 100 μmol/L 和 200 μmol/L）处理对百香果贮藏期间色度、失重率、腐烂率，以及维生素C、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、类黄酮和总酚物质等含量变化的影响。结果显示，低浓度外源NO处理延缓了百香果采后果皮亮度（L值）和红绿值（a值）的降低，而高浓度（200 μmol/L）处理则加快了L、a值的降低速率，外源NO处理能使黄蓝值（b值）维持在较稳定的水平；随着贮藏时间的延长，对照组百香果的失重率和皱缩指数上升最快，在贮藏第16天时达到最高，分别为3.40%、3.83，100 μmol/L外源NO浓度下的失重率、皱缩指数变化最为缓慢，在贮藏第16天时失重率仅为1.99%，皱缩指数为1.33；贮藏初期百香果固酸比、糖酸比分别为6.63、7.18，在贮藏第16天时，对照组固酸比、糖酸比均明显降低，分别为4.95和1.63，而100 μmol/L外源NO浓度下的值在第16天时为6.03和3.22，高于其他浓度下的值；贮藏初期VC含量为19.41mg/100g FW，随着贮藏时间的延长，0 μmol/L浓度下的VC含量降幅最大，在第16天时含量仅为15.42mg/100g FW，50 μmol/L浓度下的VC含量降幅最小，在第16天时为17.56mg/100g FW；各处理条件下的可溶性蛋白质含量随着时间的延长也有所降低，对照组下降最为明显，在第16天时已降至0.08mg/g FW，100 μmol/L浓度下的含量下降最慢，第16天时为0.28mg/g FW，略低于初始值（0.32mg/g FW）；对照组总酚含量在贮藏第16天时达到最高，为1053.73 μg/g FW，且高于外源NO处理下的值；各处理条件下百香果类黄酮含量均在第12天达到峰值，对照组为1431.59μg/g FW，略高于0 μmol/L浓度下的值，但显著低于其他外源NO浓度下的含量。表明，外源NO处理在一定程度上延缓了百香果采后贮藏期间L、a、b值的降低，延缓了失重率、腐烂率的增加，降低了皱缩指数和腐坏指数，延迟了固酸比的降低，使贮藏后期糖酸比维持在较稳定水平，有效延缓了百香果采后维生素C及可溶性蛋白质含量的降低，在一定程度上促进了总酚和类黄酮含量的增加。且与其他处理浓度比较，100 μmol/L处理浓度更有利于百香果采后贮藏品质的维持。 相似文献
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为贵州‘玛瑙红’樱桃果实分级提供参考,对贵州省6个主要产区‘玛瑙红’樱桃进行随机采样,测定果实单果重和可溶性固形物含量,通过相关性分析,对果实质量分级评价标准进行初步的研究。结果表明：‘玛瑙红’樱桃果实质量的主要范围为2.2-3.2 g,可溶性固形物含量主要分布在11-15 %之间,单果重与可溶性固形物呈负相关关系,避雨栽培和‘开心形’树形能提高果实品质。建议‘玛瑙红’樱桃的果实单果重≥3 g、可溶性固形物含量≥13 %为一等果,单果重≥2.5 g、可溶性固形物含量≥11 %为二等果。 相似文献
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比较研究福建省2个主栽西番莲品种‘黄金’和‘紫香’果实的耐贮性差异,为福建西番莲果实采后保鲜和品种推广提供参考依据。将采后‘黄金’和‘紫香’西番莲果实置于常温(25±1)℃、相对湿度70%条件下贮藏18 d,每3 d 取样测定果实商品率、失重率、皱缩指数、果皮色泽及果实pH值、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、维生素C和可溶性糖等营养品质的变化。结果表明：与‘紫香’西番莲果实相比,‘黄金’西番莲果实的pH值、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和维生素C的含量高于‘紫香’并在采后常温贮藏期间维持较高水平;但‘黄金’西番莲果实的商品率在贮藏9 d后显著低于‘紫香’,果实失重率和皱缩指数显著高于‘紫香’。据此认为,采后‘黄金’西番莲果实比‘紫香’的营养品质更高,但较‘紫香’更易发生果皮皱缩,不耐贮藏。 相似文献
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为筛选出适合沙糖橘、沃柑和W.默科特的采后保鲜处理方法,缓解销售压力。12月至翌年1月,在广西桂林采摘沙糖橘、沃柑和W.默科特果实进行0.4%苯乙醇、5 mg/L油菜素内酯和45℃热水处理后进行常温贮藏试验观察,以常用化学保鲜剂和清水处理为对照。结果表明：1.沙糖橘、沃柑和W.默科特果实在采后贮藏过程中失重率和腐烂率逐渐上升,果皮的色泽、亮度、可溶性固形物和还原糖含量波动变化,可滴定酸和Vc含量显著下降。2.45℃热水处理可显著降低沙糖橘采后腐烂率,延缓沙糖橘果实可滴定酸和Vc含量下降速度,用于沙糖橘采后保鲜。热处理可显著提高贮藏后期沃柑果实的可溶性固形物、还原糖和可滴定酸含量,降低果实失重;提高W.默科特果实贮藏前期可溶性固形物、还原糖、可滴定酸和Vc含量;对果皮色泽影响不显著;虽不能显著降低沃柑和W.默科特果实采后腐烂率,但可以和化学药剂混合使用降低化学药剂使用浓度。3.苯乙醇可显著降低沙糖橘采后腐烂率,和热处理和油菜素内酯相比作用效果最显著,可提高贮藏前期可溶性固形物含量,对可滴定酸、VC以及色泽影响不显著,可用于沙糖橘采后保鲜。4.5 mg/L油菜素内酯处理可显著降低沙糖橘采后腐烂率,对沙糖橘、沃柑和W.默科特果实品质有一定的负面影响,需进一步优化。 相似文献
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‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃是本课题组自主选育的黄肉中华猕猴桃新品种,具有性状稳定、生长势强、果形均匀、肉质细腻等优点。为了生产上科学正确地使用氯吡脲（CPPU）以提高果实品质,也为该新品种的推广应用提供技术支撑,本研究进行了CPPU最佳处理浓度和最佳处理时期的筛选。分别选用1.0 mL·L-1 、2.5 mL·L-1、4.0 mL·L-1、5.5 mL·L-1、7.0 mL·L-1、8.5 mL·L-1、10.0 mL·L-1 8个不同浓度和盛花后15天、20天、25天、30天、35天、40天、45天7个时期对‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃进行了CPPU浸果处理,对照组用清水浸果处理。待果实成熟时分别采集各处理果实样品,检测单果重、果形指数、糖酸、干物质、抗坏血酸、色素含量等品质指标,并通过主成分分析筛选出最佳处理浓度和最佳处理时期。结果显示,2.5~5.5 mL·L-1 CPPU处理能显著增加果实单果重,提高类胡萝卜素与叶绿素比值,改善着色,降低可滴定酸含量改善果实风味,降低果实硬度促进果实成熟。盛花后早期使用CPPU能显著地提高果实的单果重,但果实中抗坏血酸含量和糖酸比则会随着处理时间的推后而逐渐增高。综合可知,对‘奉黄1号’猕猴桃进行CPPU处理的最佳时期是盛花后15天到30天,最适宜浓度为2.5~5.5 mL·L-1。 相似文献
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‘巴劳奈’无花果自2016年引入我国进行试栽,试栽表现为果形大,可溶性固形物最高可达25%,产量高且稳定,单株产量可达15~30 kg,是优良的鲜食加工兼用品种。湖南地区目前无花果主栽品种是‘波姬红’和‘布兰瑞克’,现为了扩大湖南地区无花果产业,以湖南省宁乡7月成熟度在60%-80%的‘巴劳奈’夏果为样本,进行引种表现分析,结果表明湖南地区的‘巴劳奈’无花果果形中等,但该品种可溶性固形物在18%以上,含有较高的维生素C和蛋白质,且在湖南地区‘芭劳奈’鲜食果及其加工品价格较‘波姬红’、‘布兰瑞克’等品种高,故可根据本文以湖南省宁乡为基准总结的栽培技术在与该地气候土壤相近的其它中部地区推广栽培。 相似文献
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摘 要：柑橘砂囊粒化是柑果成熟期与采后贮藏期的常见生理性病害，严重影响果实品质。本文采用1.5 T 高场磁共振成像仪对采后贮藏30 d的琯溪蜜柚[Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck]果实进行磁共振扫描检查，并以同层断面解剖图为对照，评估磁共振成像（MRI）应用于柑橘砂囊粒化症无损检测的有效性。结果表明， MRI检测中，T2WI能够显著区分果肉组织与海绵层组织的信号差异，其信号强度可代表果实组织相对含水量；T2WI信号在砂囊粒化部位强度显著降低，病变组织的失水特征清晰，与解剖结果一致。T2WI对砂囊粒化的确诊率100%，显著优于T1WI成像的识别率41.7%（χ2 = 5.76，P = 0.016）；T2WI和T1WI均能显示种籽照影，但T2WI对果肉组织影像的分辨率优于T1WI，因此MRI的T2WI分析可作为一种无损检测方法，对柚商品果实上市前砂囊粒化症发生程度以及种籽有无进行评估。 相似文献
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J. Gutierrez R.L. Eisenberg N.J. Koval E.R. Armstrong J. Tharappel C.G. Hughes T. Tobin 《Irish veterinary journal》2010,63(8):498-3
Pemoline is a central nervous system stimulant that has been used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and narcolepsy in humans; its identification in horses could be considered evidence of attempts to influence performance. Two recent pemoline 'positives' in English racehorses led us to review the chemical relationships between tetramisole, levamisole, aminorex and pemoline. Pemoline is a simple oxidation product of aminorex, which has been shown in the United States and elsewhere to be an equine metabolite of levamisole. Based on the clear structural relationships between aminorex and pemoline, we conclude that levamisole can metabolise to pemoline in horses and that pemoline identifications in horses post levamisole administration are likely to be associated with levamisole administration. Levamisole should not be administered to horses about to compete because of its ability to metabolise to two central nervous system stimulants, aminorex and pemoline. 相似文献
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This study was to determine the daily fluctuation of serum thyroxine (tT4), free thyroxine (fT4), 3,5,3''-triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in healthy dogs. Thyroid function of these dogs was evaluated on the basis of results of TSH response test. Samples for the measurement of serum tT4, fT4, and T3 concentrations were obtained at 3-hour intervals from 8 : 00 to 20 : 00. Serum tT4, fT4, and T3 concentrations were measured by the enzyme chemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA). Mean T3 concentrations had no significant differences according to the sample collection time during the day. Mean tT4 and fT4 concentrations at 11 : 00 were 3.28 ± 0.86 µg/dl and 1.30 ± 0.37 ng/dl, respectively and mean tT4 and fT4 at 14:00 were 3.54 ± 1.15 µg/dl and 1.35 ± 0.12 ng/dl, respectively. These concentrations were significantly high compared with tT4 and fT4 concentrations at 8:00, which were 1.75 ± 0.75 µg/dl and 0.97 ± 0.25 ng/dl, respectively (p < 0.05). According to the sample collection time, mean tT4 and fT4 concentrations changed with similar fluctuation during the day. Based on these results, it was considered that measurement of serum tT4 and fT4 concentrations from 11 : 00 to 14 : 00 might more easily diagnose the canine hypothyroidism in practice. 相似文献
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Investigation of Single and Paired Measurements of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone for the Diagnosis of Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction in Horses 
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下载免费PDF全文 D.I. Rendle M. Duz J. Beech T. Parkin A.E. Durham 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2015,29(1):355-361
Background
Paired measurement of ACTH concentration may be more reliable than a single measurement.Hypothesis/Objectives
To determine whether the mean of 2 measurements of ACTH concentration is more reliable in assessing pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) than a single measurement.Animals
Paired ACTH measurements were performed on (1) 148 occasions from 124 horses being investigated for PPID, (2) 90 occasions from 76 horses with PPID that were receiving treatment with pergolide, and (3) 63 occasions from 50 horses in which there was no clinical suspicion of PPID. Histologic examination of the pars intermedia was performed in 67 of the untreated horses.Methods
Outcome of testing using single and the mean of paired samples was compared directly and both methods were compared against histology, which was considered the gold standard.Results
Paired ACTH measurement altered binary classification as healthy or diseased in 6 of 211 cases, all off which had equivocal initial ACTH concentrations between 20 and 39 pg/mL. Using histology as the gold standard, optimal sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing PPID were 69.4 and 80.9%, respectively, for a single measurement and 72.2 and 76.2%, respectively, for paired measurements. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.72 and 0.73 for single and paired measurements compared with histopathologic diagnosis, respectively.Conclusions and Clinical Importance
Paired measurement of ACTH concentration offers no advantage over a single measurement. 相似文献19.
Sera of pigs from élite breeding herds, of boars and sows collected at slaughter-houses, and of pigs from herds known to be infected, were examined for antibody to Aujeszky virus. The conventional and a modified virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA) test and a modified direct complement fixation (CF) test were employed. In simultaneous titrations of positive sera the modified VNA test gave titers approx. 4 log2 units above the titers obtained by the conventional test. The conventional VNA test was found insufficiently sensitive. Unspecific neutralization in the modified VNA test was infrequent in serum dilution 1/2 and rare in dilution 1/4. The GF tests on sera of slaughter sows and animals from known infected herds showed a remarkable consistency with the VNA tests. Inconsistent results were obtained with but few sera. Abt. 5 % of the sera could not be examined because of complement fixation with control antigen. 相似文献
20.
Enzyme and glycogen structure studies have been carried out on tissues of a glycogenotic dog, the clinical and pathological characteristics of which are reported in the accompanying paper. Liver glucose-6-phosphatase, leukocyte and liver acid maltase, and liver and skeletal muscle glycogen Phosphorylase all appeared largely unaffected. The activity of the muscle and liver debranching enzyme (amylo-l,6-glucosidase), determined by two independent assay methods, was, however, reduced to between 0 and 7 % of normal activity. Glycogen structure studies with Phosphorylase or iodine spectra revealed that the abnormally large amounts of glycogen found in liver and skeletal muscle had abnormally short branches, as would be expected for a deficiency of debranching enzyme. It is thus clear that the dog had suffered from the equivalent of Cori''s disease (limit dextrinosis, type III glycogen storage disease). Preliminary data indicate that it may be possible to identify heterozygotes based on a study of the debranching enzyme of leukocytes. 相似文献