共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 312 毫秒
1.
声音导鱼技术对保护鱼类有重要的实际价值和深远意义,其研究重点是声音如何让鱼类产生趋避行为及如何准确的让鱼类产生趋或者避的行为。从生理学和行为学的角度对声音导鱼的生物学基础进行了分析;讨论了声音导鱼的关键技术,包括鱼类趋避行为对声音的响应关系、鱼类声域的确定、鱼类声音信号的采集、鱼类声波信号的数字化处理以及实际声场中声波的叠加技术等,并根据声音对鱼类诱驱作用的原理建立了一个声音导鱼的大坝模型,分析了大坝实现声音诱驱鱼的关键要素;展望了声音导鱼技术的发展前景和方向。 相似文献
2.
近年来,在野生渔业资源持续衰退、水产 养殖规模不断扩大、人们对鱼类福利关注度不断提升等的背景下,环境丰容作为一种全新的技术手段在水产领域受到广泛关注,被认为在野化放流鱼类行为、增加养殖鱼类产量、提升圈养鱼类福利等诸多方面均具有较大的应用潜力。环境丰容是指在增养殖生产中,采用适当方式向圈养或自然水体引入新的环境刺激,提高其异质性和复杂性,从而实现提升鱼类产量、提高鱼类福利、控制鱼类行为、改善鱼类生理目标的环境优化方式。总体来看,国际上围绕环境丰容技术的相关研究结果层出不穷,理论体系不断完善,但国内水产领域的相关研究尚处于起步阶段。本文在简要介绍环境丰容概念和分类基础上,聚焦目前最受关注的物理丰容方式,评述了物理丰容对鱼类打斗行为、生理应激、代谢生长等重要性状和放流后的适应性行为、个体适合度等增殖性状的影响,重点分析了引发研究结果差异的可能原因及其潜在神经可塑性机理,最后探讨了本领域以往研究的不足及今后的研究方向,旨在为我国开展该方面研究提供借鉴,为增养殖苗种高效健康培育与放流鱼类野化训练提供参考。 相似文献
3.
基于计算机视觉技术的水产养殖中鱼类行为识别与量化研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鱼类行为与水体环境密切相关,是鱼类生活状况的直接体现,可以通过分析鱼类行为进行更为精准的养殖管理和操作。计算机视觉技术为鱼类行为识别和量化提供了一种非入侵式且稳定性较好的方法,已逐渐广泛用于鱼类行为研究。本文介绍了计算机视觉技术的技术流程,包括图像采集、预处理、运动目标检测与跟踪,并对各个流程进行分类;综述了计算机视觉技术在鱼类游泳、摄食和体色变化等行为识别、量化研究的现状;分析了计算机视觉技术在鱼类行为识别、量化方面的难点及存在的问题,以期为计算机视觉技术在水产养殖监测领域的发展提供参考依据。 相似文献
4.
鱼类监测系统及预警鱼类的选择 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从鱼类行为学、鱼类毒理学、鱼类生理学等方面综述了鱼类监测系统建立的基础,介绍了预警鱼类的选择条件及几种常用的预警鱼类,并对鱼类监测预警系统的未来进行了展望. 相似文献
5.
6.
鱼类早期发育阶段摄食行为研究现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对鱼类早期阶段的摄食行为研究进行了综述。重点阐述了胃含物分析法、饥饿对摄食的影响、摄食器官的形态发育特征与摄食行为的关系、食物选择及其生理生态因子对摄食的作用。初步探讨了仔稚鱼饥饿后的捕食量和捕食速度的变化,并结合食物保障,分析了食物选择性指数I在鱼类摄食行为研究中的应用。 相似文献
7.
鱼类体色对价格和品质的影响越来越为人们所重视。文章对国内近几年在鱼类体色影响因素方面的研究热点和国外的一些新研究方向进行综述。国内的研究主要集中在饲料营养成分和基因、内分泌对鱼类体色的影响两方面,主要研究方向逐渐转向体色变化机制和鱼类行为对体色产生的影响等方面。 相似文献
8.
基于单摄像机视频的鱼类三维自动跟踪方法初探 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
为提高鱼类行为学数据的提取效率, 实验提出了一种基于单摄像机的鱼类三维观测方法, 将防水镜面安装在实验用鱼缸上方, 模拟一台由上向下拍摄的摄像机, 实现了单摄像机三维成像。同时运用多目标跟踪的IMMJPDA(interacting multiple model joint probabilistic data association)算法, 实现了鱼类运动的三维实时自动跟踪, 并通过摄像机倾斜矫正和摄像机标定提高了测量精度。通过对6条红鼻剪刀鱼的跟踪, 实验结果显示: 本方法可正确区分、提取和跟踪鱼群个体以及它们的镜像, 自动输出鱼的三维坐标、实时速度、方向等参数, 并生成完整的鱼类行为三维轨迹图。 相似文献
9.
针对传统理化方法分析水质污染情况耗时耗力等问题,提出一种基于鱼类异常行为识别的水质监测方法。以红色斑马鱼(red zebrafish)为研究对象,利用计算机视觉技术,首先对斑马鱼图像进行预处理,利用灰度共生矩阵获取鱼群纹理特征;然后通过Lucas-Kanade光流法计算鱼群的运动信息熵,并对获取的纹理特征和信息熵进行归一化处理;最后采用轻量化梯度促进机(LightGBM)对鱼类异常行为进行检测,与深度神经网络(DNN)和支持向量机(SVM)检测效果对比。结果显示:利用LightGBM对鱼类异常行为进行检测,准确率为98.5%,与其他模型对比分别提高0.5%和25.3%。研究表明,基于LightGBM模型的鱼类异常行为检测方法相比其他模型能更准确地识别鱼类非正常游动。该模型适用于自动水质监测。 相似文献
10.
随着人类活动的影响,鱼类资源正在急剧下降,开展鱼类监测对于鱼类多样性的保护具有非常重要的意义。传统的鱼类监测方法因具有破坏性、调查者也要专业形态学知识、调查工作量大等弊端,故亟需一种新的技术方法进行辅助补充。环境DNA （eDNA）技术的发展使得鱼类调查更加的省时省力、节约成本、无损伤,目前在鱼类的监测中广泛使用,然而eDNA技术也存在着一定的缺陷所以不能完全取代传统方法。eDNA技术包含了样品的采集及处理、eDNA提取、eDNA扩增、测序和生物信息学分析几个主要步骤,在整个流程中每一个步骤都非常必要,对单个步骤又有不同的实验方案,选择不同对鱼类eDNA的检测效率也会产生重要的影响。目前国外对于eDNA技术应用于鱼类监测所研究的问题较为丰富而全面,如生物多样性监测、入侵物种检测、濒危物种检测和生物量的估算等,虽然国内的起步不晚,但国内对此研究方向较为单一,需要进一步重视。 相似文献
11.
Friedrich Ladich 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(3):552-563
Fishes communicate acoustically under ecological constraints which may modify or hinder signal transmission and detection and may also be risky. This makes it important to know if and to what degree fishes can modify acoustic signalling when key ecological factors—predation pressure, noise and ambient temperature—vary. This paper reviews short‐time effects of the first two factors; the third has been reviewed recently (Ladich, 2018 ). Numerous studies have investigated the effects of predators on fish behaviour, but only a few report changes in calling activity when hearing predator calls as demonstrated when fish responded to played‐back dolphin sounds. Furthermore, swimming sounds of schooling fish may affect predators. Our knowledge on adaptations to natural changes in ambient noise, for example caused by wind or migration between quiet and noisier habitats, is limited. Hearing abilities decrease when ambient noise levels increase (termed masking), in particular in taxa possessing enhanced hearing abilities. High natural and anthropogenic noise regimes, for example vessel noise, alter calling activity in the field and laboratory. Increases in sound pressure levels (Lombard effect) and altered temporal call patterns were also observed, but no switches to higher sound frequencies. In summary, effects of predator calls and noise on sound communication are described in fishes, yet sparsely in contrast to songbirds or whales. Major gaps in our knowledge on potential negative effects of noise on acoustic communication call for more detailed investigation because fishes are keystone species in many aquatic habitats and constitute a major source of protein for humans. 相似文献
12.
Takahito Kojima Tomohiro Suga Akitsu Kusano Saeko Shimizu Haruna Matsumoto Shinichi Aoki Noriyuki Takai Toru Taniuchi 《Fisheries Science》2010,76(1):13-20
The auditory pressure thresholds of red sea bream were examined using cardiac response in the field by placing fish subjects far from the sound source to prevent particle motion. Pressure and particle motion thresholds were also obtained using the auditory brainstem response (ABR) technique. The thresholds at 100 and 200 Hz were significantly higher when measured using the cardiac response in the far field than those obtained in previously conducted experiments in experimental tub. However, thresholds obtained using ABR from 200 to 500 Hz were not remarkably lower, although significantly different (0.01 < P < 0.05), compared with those obtained using cardiac response in the far field. Furthermore, calculated particle velocity thresholds indicated that fish probably detected particle motion within the frequency range of 50–200 Hz, even in fish with a deactivated lateral line. Although the ABR method is widely applied in fish auditory study, hearing thresholds are apparently affected by particle motion. 相似文献
13.
玻璃钢水槽内大黄鱼养殖环境噪声测量与分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用水下声音测量系统,分别记录了开放式圆形玻璃钢水槽内养殖环境噪声和大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)摄食过程声音,并进行声压级(sound pressure levels,SPL)计算和频谱特征分析。结果表明:(1)养殖环境噪声SPL约为110.27 d B(d B re:1μPa),包括主频率峰值为100 Hz的养殖工作设备与水槽内壁的低频共振噪声、1 250 Hz的表层水体气泡噪声、1 600~2 500 Hz的曝气石、增氧机、空气压缩机工作噪声;(2)增氧机和曝气关闭时,大黄鱼摄食过程声音SPL约为92.65 d B,高于背景噪声SPL,主要为游泳声音70~500Hz、吞食产生的水体表面搅动与气泡破裂的声音1 000~2 000 Hz、咀嚼颗粒饵料声音2 000~4 500 Hz;(3)增氧机和曝气开启时,背景噪声SPL略高于摄食声音约17.62 d B,且摄食声音无法区别于背景噪声,但并未影响鱼类摄食行为。 相似文献
14.
- 1. Recreational boating continues to grow in popularity, yet little is known about the effects of noise disturbance from boating on fish. Therefore, this study evaluated the organism‐level cardiovascular disturbance associated with different recreational boating activities using largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) as a model.
- 2. Cardiac output and its components (heart rate and stroke volume) were monitored in real time, allowing for the determination of the magnitude of disturbance and the time required for recovery. Fish responses to three noise disturbances (canoe paddling, trolling motor, and combustion engine (9.9 hp)) for 60 s were contrasted using a Latin squares design.
- 3. Exposure to each of the treatments resulted in an increase in cardiac output in all fish, associated with a dramatic increase in heart rate and a slight decrease in stroke volume. The level of change in cardiac output and its components increased in magnitude from the canoe treatment to the trolling motor treatment with the most extreme response being to that of the combustion engine treatment. Furthermore, time required for cardiovascular variables to recover varied across treatments with shortest periods for the canoe paddling disturbance (～15 min), the longest periods for the combustion engine (～40 min), and intermediate recovery periods for the trolling motor (～25 min).
- 4. Collectively, these results demonstrate that fish experienced sublethal physiological disturbances in response to the noise propagated from recreational boating activities. This work contributes to a growing body of research that has revealed that boating activities can have a number of ecological and environmental consequences such that their use may not be compatible with aquatic protected areas. Future research should evaluate how free‐swimming fish in the wild respond to such stressors relative to frequency of exposure and proximity to noise as most research to date has occurred in the laboratory.
15.
Ricardo P Babaran Kazuhiko Anraku Munechika Ishizaki Kenji Watanabe Tatsuro Matsuoka Hideaki Shirai 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(6):1207-1214
Sound generated by a payao, an anchored bamboo fish aggregating device, is believed to be attractive to fish; but until now,
there is no available record of payao-generated sound. This study presents payao-generated sound recorded by a hydrophone
at water depths of 5, 10 and 15 m from a fixed distance of 3 m relative to the payao, and compares the sound with the auditory
sensitivity of jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus measured at discrete frequencies from 100 to 2000 Hz using the auditory brainstem response protocol. A consistent peak appeared
in the sound spectrum at 49 Hz and showed an increasing sound pressure level with depth, which suggests that payao sound may
come from the anchor rope. However, the contribution of the bamboo raft can not yet be discounted. The hearing threshold curve
indicated that the most sensitive frequency range in jack mackerel is from 92.1 dB at 800 Hz to 111.0 dB at 200 Hz. These
results show that the dominant frequency range of payao sound does not correspond with the high sensitivity frequency range
of fish hearing. 相似文献
16.
Friedrich Ladich 《Fish and Fisheries》2023,24(4):618-634
Ernst Weber stated in 1819, based on dissections, that the swimbladder in the European wels (Silurus glanis, Siluridae) and related cyprinids serves as an eardrum and that the ossicles connecting it to the inner ear function as hearing ossicles similar to mammals. In the early 20th century, K. von Frisch showed experimentally that catfishes and cyprinids (otophysines) indeed hear excellently compared to fish taxa lacking auxiliary hearing structures (ossicles, eardrums). Knowledge on hearing in catfishes progressed in particular in the 21st century. Currently, hearing abilities (audiograms) are known in 28 species out of 13 families. Recent ontogenetic and comparative studies revealed that the ability to detect sounds of low-level and high frequencies (4–6 kHz) depends on the development of Weberian ossicles. Species with a higher number of ossicles and larger bladders hear better at higher frequencies (>1 kHz). Hearing sensitivities are furthermore affected by ecological factors. Rising temperatures increase, whereas various noise regimes decrease hearing. Exposure to high-noise levels (>150 dB) for hours result in temporary thresholds shifts (TTS) and recovery of hearing after several days. Low-noise levels reduce hearing abilities due to masking without a TTS. Furthermore, auditory evoked potential (AEP) experiments reveal that the temporal patterns of fish-produced pulsed stridulation and drumming sounds are represented in their auditory pathways, indicating that catfishes are able to extract important information for acoustic communication. Further research should concentrate on inner ears to determine whether the diversity in swimbladders and ossicles is paralleled in the inner ear fine structure. 相似文献
17.
Adoption of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management relies on recognition of the link between fish and other components of the ecosystem, namely their physical and biological habitat. However, identifying the habitat requirements of marine fishes and hence determining their distribution in space and time is scientifically complex. We analysed the methodologies and findings of research on temperate, demersal fish habitat requirements to highlight the main developments in this field and to identify potential shortfalls. Many studies were undertaken over large spatial scales (≥100s km2) and these generally correlated abundances of fish to abiotic variables. Biological variables were accounted for less often. Small spatial scale (≤m2), experimental studies were comparatively sparse and commonly focused on biotic variables. Whilst the number of studies focusing on abiotic variables increased with increasing spatial scale, the proportion of studies finding significant relationships between habitat and fish distribution remained constant. This mismatch indicates there is no justification for the tendency to analyse abiotic habitat variables at large spatial scales. Innovative modelling techniques and habitat mapping technologies are developing rapidly, providing new insights at the larger spatial scales. However, there is a clear need for a reduction in study scale, or increase in resolution additional to the integration of biotic variables. We argue that development of sound predictive science in the field of demersal fish habitat determination is reliant on a change in focus along these lines. This is especially important if spatial management strategies, such as Marine Protected Areas (MPA) or No Take Zones (NTZ), are to be used in future ecosystem‐based approaches to fisheries management. 相似文献
18.
Halit Kusku Ümüt Yigit Sevdan Yilmaz Murat Yigit Sebahattin Ergün 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(8):3166-3174
Human‐generated noises are considered as underwater sound pollution with potential short‐ or long‐term impacts on behavioural responses and physiological reaction of aquatic living organisms. Few investigations are available so far on long‐term influences of impulsive and continuous sound sources on physiological response of fish. In the present study, opercula beat rates and pectoral wing rates were monitored as a physiological stress response of ventilation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to long‐term repeated and continued sounds generated from underwater construction work. Fish responded to underwater sound treatment with significantly increased opercula beat—and pectoral wing movements. Maximum ventilation rate was observed as a startle response of fish at initial exposure to underwater sound. The ventilation rates remained at high levels over the first 4 weeks and showed a declining trend thereafter. Fish growth was almost stable for the first 4 weeks, but shifted forward from day 45 onwards. We found strong evidence that fish could attune to repeated playbacks of underwater noise exposures since we found higher specific growth rates for the sound exposed fish from day 45 onwards until day 120, a so‐called ‘catch‐up growth endeavour’. 相似文献