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Jagesh K. Tiwari Sundaresha Siddappa Bir Pal Singh Surinder K. Kaushik Swarup K. Chakrabarti Vinay Bhardwaj Poonam Chandel 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(3):237-245
Late blight is the most devastating disease of the potato crop that can be effectively managed by growing resistant cultivars. Introgression of resistance (R) genes/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from the Solanum germplasm into common potato is one of the plausible approaches to breed resistant cultivars. Although the conventional method of breeding will continue to play a primary role in potato improvement, molecular marker technology is becoming one of its integral components. To achieve rapid success, from the past to recent years, several R genes/QTLs that originated from wild/cultivated Solanum species were mapped on the potato genome and a few genes were cloned using molecular approaches. As a result, molecular markers closely linked to resistance genes or QTLs offer a quicker potato breeding option through marker‐assisted selection (MAS). However, limited progress has been achieved so far through MAS in potato breeding. In near future, new resistance genes/QTLs are expected to be discovered from wild Solanum gene pools and linked molecular markers would be available for MAS. This article presents an update on the development of molecular markers linked to late blight resistance genes or QTLs by utilization of Solanum species for MAS in potato. 相似文献
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Jianfei Xu Jiajia Wang Wanfu Pang Chunsong Bian Shaoguang Duan Jie Liu Sanwen Huang Liping Jin Dongyu Qu 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(4):407-412
The R10 late blight differential of potato, 3681ad1, exhibits good field resistance. Progeny from the cross between 3681ad1 and the susceptible cultivar ‘Katahdin’ were assessed for late blight resistance to three Phytophthora infestans isolates, using a detached leaf assay. Progeny differed in response to the three isolates. Resistance to isolates IPO‐0 and 99018 was controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL), whereas resistance to isolate 89148‐9 was inherited as a dominant R gene, designated as R10 in this study. Statistical analysis revealed that one of the resistance QTLs to isolates IPO‐0 and 99018 is linked to the R10 gene, which maps to chromosome 11 in a region where a complex late blight resistance locus has been reported previously. A high‐resolution map of R10 was constructed using a large segregating population, and the gene was delimited to a genetic interval of 0.26 cM. The clustering of the qualitative gene R10 with resistance QTLs could explain the field resistance observed with 3681ad1. 相似文献
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彩色马铃薯较普通栽培马铃薯具有更丰富的营养物质,特别是富含抗氧化物质花青素,是近年来育种家研究的焦点。迄今为止开发的马铃薯SSR引物数量有限,特别是彩薯相关的SSR引物。本研究基于马铃薯全基因组序列利用MISA软件对SSR位点进行了分析。研究发现,在马铃薯全基因组序列中共获得218,997个SSR位点,平均3.39 kb出现一个SSR位点。单核苷酸是主要重复类型,占总SSR的62.05%,其次是二核苷酸和三核苷酸,所占比例为22.39%和13.11%。6种核苷酸类型的重复次数分布在5～746次,以5～10次为主,占总SSR的60.9%。在检测到的全部SSR中,共获得215种基元类型,除六核苷酸重复类型外,其他5种核苷酸重复类型的优势基元均以含有A/T-的基序为主。SSR基序长度主要分布在12～20bp之间,占全部SSR的43.19%。通过Primer5共设计出100对SSR引物,利用彩薯双亲的DNA初步筛选出48对可以扩增出条带的引物,有效扩增率达48%。进一步验证引物的有效性,随机选择F2群体的6个单株进行PCR扩增,筛选出条带清晰稳定,多态性较高的引物26对,平均多态性比率为72.... 相似文献
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Summary Degeneration of seed tubers caused by viruses is a major constraint to potato cultivation in many warm tropical areas. Cultivars resistant to the most important viruses present a promising solution to such a problem. In a breeding study conducted at the International Potato Center (CIP), ten cultivars resistant to PLRV were crossed to five clones immune to PVX and PVY, as well as to a susceptible control. The resulting progenies were screened for PVX and PVY immunity. Afterwards, the resistant genotypes were fieldexposed to a PLRV-viruliferous aphid population. One tuber was harvested from each plant and used to assess, using ELISA serology, the presence of leafroll virus. The cultivars Serrana and Pentland Crown gave the best progenies in terms of percentage of healthy plants, with values of 47.4 and 33.3 respectively. The presence of joint infection of PLRV and PVY or PVX in the progenies of the susceptible control resulted in an increased susceptibility to leafroll. 相似文献
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Ivana Imerovski Aleksandra Dimitrijevic Dragana Miladinovic Bosko Dedic Sinisa Jocic Branislav Kovacevic Dragana Obreht 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(1):115-120
Broomrape is a parasitic plant that significantly decreases yield of sunflower. Breeding for resistance has proved to be the most efficient method for suppressing broomrape infestation in the field; however, new races of parasite constantly emerge, and new resistance genes need to be discovered and introduced into cultivated sunflower lines. The aim of this work was to test SSR markers from linkage group 3 (LG3) to investigate whether they could be used for identification of a particular Or gene. Twenty sunflower inbred lines were used, and polymorphism between the lines with various resistance genes and genetic background was investigated. The used markers revealed DNA polymorphism between the investigated lines. Strong association of markers from LG3 with Or6, as well as Or4 and Or2 genes, was found. Identified markers could be used for introduction of these resistance genes into commercial sunflower lines and for establishment and identification of differential lines. 相似文献
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马铃薯晚疫病CARAH预警模型在四川春马铃薯上的应用 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
为明确马铃薯晚疫病CARAH预警模型在四川春马铃薯上的适用性,选择在四川不同海拔高度的马铃薯种植基地运用CARAH预警模型监测马铃薯晚疫病的发生和进行防控指导。结果表明,海拔高度越高,马铃薯晚疫病侵染程度越低,海拔3500 m以上时,主要以轻度侵染为主,海拔3500 m以下时,主要以中度和重度侵染为主。不同品种出现中心病株时的马铃薯晚疫病侵染循环代数不同,相同品种在不同地区出现马铃薯晚疫病中心病株时所处的侵染循环有所差别,可能与不同地区马铃薯晚疫病菌致病力存在差异有关。利用马铃薯晚疫病CARAH预警模型指导药剂防治,5种药剂仍表现出较高的防治效果,且不存在显著性差异。 相似文献
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Lagerstroemia (crape myrtle) are famous ornamental plants with large pyramidal racemes, long flower duration and diverse colours. Genetic maps provide an important genomic resource of basic and applied significance. A genetic linkage map was developed by genotyping 192 F1 progeny from a cross between L. caudata (female) and L. indica (‘Xiang Xue Yun’) (male) with a combination of amplification fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) and simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers in a double pseudo‐testcross mapping strategy. A total of 330 polymorphic loci consisting of 284 AFLPs and 46 SSRs showing Mendelian segregation were generated from 383 AFLP primer combinations and 150 SSR primers. The data were analysed using JoinMap 4.0 (evaluation version) to construct the linkage map. The map consisted of 20 linkage groups of 173 loci (160 AFLPs and 13 SSRs) covering 1162.1 cM with a mean distance of 10.69 cM between adjacent markers. The 20 linkage groups contained 2–49 loci and ranged in length from 7.38 to 163.57 cM. This map will serve as a framework for mapping QTLs and provide reference information for future molecular breeding work. 相似文献
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Susana T. Leitão Nuno F. Almeida Ana Moral Diego Rubiales Maria Carlota Vaz Patto 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(6):654-657
Portugal has a diverse common bean germplasm, which is still grown in farmers' fields. In this work, we searched for resistance to rust (Uromyces appendiculatus) and powdery mildew (Erysiphe diffusa) in a representative collection of the Portuguese common bean germplasm. Despite many accessions depicting intermediate levels of resistance when compared to the susceptible check, 24 and 13 accessions showed low levels of infection, in spite of a compatible interaction (disease severity (DS) values lower than 5% and infection type (IT) of 4), to rust and powdery mildew, respectively, indicative of partial resistance. Moreover, a resistant reaction was observed in 11 accessions when inoculated with powdery mildew (IT = 0–1) and in additional 11 accessions (one in common) when inoculated with rust (IT = 0–2). The levels of resistance found in this report anticipate great potential of the Portuguese national germplasm, recently reported as genetically closer to the Andean common bean gene pool, for disease resistance breeding of this important crop. 相似文献
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不同LED光源下培养的马铃薯组培苗在形态特征上差异明显,为探索这种差异是否会对其移栽后产生进一步影响,试验研究了100%红光(R)、100%蓝光(B)、100%绿光(G)、75%红光+25%蓝光(RB)、45%红光+35%蓝光+20%绿光(RBG)和100%白光(CK)6种光谱下培养4周的马铃薯组培苗温室移栽后植株的生长和结薯情况。试验结果表明,B处理的马铃薯组培苗移栽后缓苗期叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm和qP、结薯前期SPAD值及结薯期各器官生物量均始终高于CK和其他处理,且该处理下最大薯的干鲜重和有效微型薯占比分别较CK提高45.66%、45.09%和10.93%。R处理的组培苗移栽后结薯期地上部生物量显著高于CK,单株结薯数目提高29.60%,但有效微型薯占比较CK降低63.97%。G处理的组培苗移栽后生长和结薯指标均表现最差。组合光谱RB和RBG处理的组培苗移栽后的生长指标和微型薯产量及产量构成指标均与CK无显著差异。因此,单色红、蓝、绿光谱处理对马铃薯组培苗的影响会持续至其移栽后植株幼苗生长,甚至结薯期,组合光谱RB和RBG则不会。在马铃薯组培苗生产上,单色蓝光和单色红光作为照明光源具有潜在的应用价值,组合光谱RB和RBG可作为白色光源的替代光源。 相似文献
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Comparative Study of CaMsrB2 Gene Containing Drought‐Tolerant Transgenic Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Non‐Transgenic Counterpart 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. K. Dhungana B.‐R. Kim J.‐H. Son H.‐R. Kim D.‐H. Shin 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(1):10-16
Concerns regarding the safety of transgenic foods have been raised because of possibility of undesirable effects development during genetic engineering. Analysis of phenotypic traits can increase the likelihoods of identifying those unintended effects in dietary composition of the GM crops. Objective of this study was to compare the transgenic lines with their non‐transgenic counterpart. Different vegetative and reproductive traits as well as antioxidant properties were considered to evaluate the transgenic (HV8 and HV23) lines containing CaMsrB2 gene and their non‐transgenic (Ilmi) parent line. Grain size and weight, seed germination, root length, root and shoot dry weight, length and width of flag leaf, plant height, and ligule, stamen and carpel length were not significantly different. Onset and completion of heading in each line occurred almost during the same period. The antioxidant properties in terms of DPPH (1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity and polyphenol content were not statistically different under same treatment condition. The results suggested that the transgenic rice lines containing CaMsrB2 gene were equivalent to their non‐transgenic counterpart without any visible unintended effects. 相似文献
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Development of gene‐based markers for the Turnip mosaic virus resistance gene retr02 in Brassica rapa 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Guo‐Liang Li Wei Qian Shu‐Jiang Zhang Shi‐Fan Zhang Fei Li Hui Zhang Jian Wu Xiao‐Wu Wang Ri‐Fei Sun 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(4):466-470
Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) is responsible for a serious disease that affects the production of Chinese cabbage. Previous studies have cloned a series of TuMV resistance genes and developed molecular markers. In this study, a derived cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (dCAPS) marker and a Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) marker were developed based on a single recessive gene, retr02, which confers broad‐spectrum TuMV resistance in Chinese cabbage by means of an additional G at the junction of exon 1 and intron 1. The two markers were able to detect the retr02 allele in Chinese cabbage accessions used in breeding programmes. Compared with the dCAPS marker, the KASP marker was flexible, cost‐effective and quick to process, which is likely to be beneficial in establishing high‐throughput assays for marker‐assisted selection. 相似文献
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Anna Stein Benjamin Wittkop Liezhao Liu Christian Obermeier Wolfgang Friedt Rod J. Snowdon 《Plant Breeding》2013,132(4):382-389
A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) influencing seed fibre and colour in Brassica napus was dissected by marker saturation in a doubled haploid (DH) population from the black‐seeded oilseed rape line ‘Express 617’ crossed with a yellow‐seeded B. napus line, ‘1012–98’. The marker at the peak of a sub‐QTL with a strong effect on both seed colour and acid detergent lignin content lay only 4 kb away from a Brassica (H+)‐ATPase gene orthologous to the transparent testa gene AHA10. Near the peak of a second sub‐QTL, we mapped a copy of the key phenylpropanoid biosynthesis gene cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, while another key phenylpropanoid biosynthesis gene, cinnamoyl co‐a reductase 1, was found nearby. In a cross between ‘Express 617’ and another dark‐seeded parent, ‘V8’, Bna.CCR1 was localized in silico near the peak of a corresponding seed fibre QTL, whereas in this case Bna.CAD2/CAD3 lay nearby. Re‐sequencing of the two phenylpropanoid genes via next‐generation amplicon sequencing revealed intragenic rearrangements and functionally relevant allelic variation in the three parents. 相似文献
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QTL analysis for cooking traits of super rice with a high‐density SNP genetic map and fine mapping of a novel boiled grain length locus 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Jie Xu Zhenyuan Shi Weijun Ye Liwen Wu Dali Zeng Zhenyu Gao Longbiao Guo 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(5):535-541
Hybrid rice has contributed substantially to the improvement of grain production worldwide, yet its poor cooking and tasting characteristics have long been recognized. In this study, 132 recombinant inbred lines derived from LYPJ were used to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for 12 cooking traits with the high‐density SNP linkage map recently developed by our team. We identified 17 QTLs on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 11, which accounted for 7.50% to 23.50% of the phenotypic variations. A novel major QTL qBGL7 for boiled grain length was further fine‐mapped to an interval of 440 Kb between the two markers RM21906 and gl3 using a BC3F2 population. Two near‐isogenic lines with extreme boiled grain length, GX5‐176 and GX5‐101, could be directly used in improving cooking quality. We also identified a QTL for soaked grain width expansion rate, qSGWE6, in the Wx gene region on chromosome 6. The Wx differential regulation coincided with sequential variation between the two parents. Our work offered a theoretical basis for molecular breeding of high‐quality hybrid rice. 相似文献