共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
M.‐C. Madekurozwa 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2013,42(1):48-56
This study describes the distribution of vimentin, desmin, smooth muscle actin (SMA) and laminin in the oviduct of the laying domestic fowl. Vimentin immunostaining was localised in the luminal epithelium of the infundibulum, magnum, magnum–isthmus junction and isthmus. The luminal epithelium of the shell gland regions displayed weak vimentin immunostaining. Vimentin immunostaining was demonstrated in the glandular grooves of the tubular infundibular region. In contrast, gland cells in the magnum, isthmus and shell gland regions were vimentin immunonegative. Fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in the lamina propria of the oviductal regions studied exhibited vimentin immunostaining. Strong desmin and SMA immunostaining were present in the smooth muscle cells of the tunica muscularis and vascular tunica media. In this study, basement membranes underlying the luminal and glandular epithelia were immunopositive for laminin. In addition, basement membranes associated with smooth muscle cells exhibited laminin immunostaining. The results of the study indicate that the immunolocalisation of desmin, SMA and laminin in the oviduct of the domestic fowl is similar to that in the mammalian uterus. The immunolocalisation of vimentin in the domestic fowl varies depending on the oviductal region. 相似文献
2.
Parizzi RC Santos JM Oliveira MF Maia MO Sousa JA Miglino MA Santos TC 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2008,37(3):169-176
The morphological characteristics of the oviduct of 12 sexually mature rheas (Rhea americana) were studied. Only the left oviduct is developed as a long tube with a length of 122 +/- 23.1 cm, and is subdivided into infundibulum (15.2 +/- 4.0 cm), magnum (63.3 +/- 9.4 cm), isthmus (5.6 +/- 3.1 cm), uterus (16.0 +/- 4.2 cm) and vagina (11.5 +/- 1.4 cm). The mucous membrane of the oviduct, as a whole, possesses luminal folds covered by ciliated columnar epithelium with secretory cells. The infundibulum part presents a cranial opening with thin and long fimbriae with few tubular glands in caudal tubular portion. In the magnum, the largest portion of the oviduct, the folds are thicker and are filled with tubular glands. The isthmus is short and presents less bulky folds and a few tubular glands. A bag-shaped uterus in the cranial area shows thin folds, and in the caudal region (shell gland) more ramified folds with few tubular glands. The vagina has long luminal folds and a thick muscular tunic; no glands with sperm-storage characteristics have been observed. In conclusion, the oviduct in sexually mature rhea has morphological similarities with the other species of birds already described; however it presents its own characteristics to produce a big egg. 相似文献
3.
1. Vascular adjustments to the process of egg formation were examined in the unanaesthetised laying hen, by the radioactive microspheres method.
2. Three‐ to four‐fold increases in blood flow were found in segments surrounding the egg during its passage along the oviduct, possibly due to an enhanced metabolic activity in the muscle layer of the oviduct.
3. Shell‐gland blood flow was minimal in the absence of an egg and increased gradually to a maximum (5‐fold) about 5 h after entrance of the egg into the shell gland. This parallels the rate of calcification of the egg shell.
4. Changes in blood flow in the ovarian follicles and other parts of the oviduct were small while the egg was in the shell gland. This might be typical for the reproductive system of the fowl, which undergoes little structural alteration during egg formation. 相似文献
4.
L W Lamps B R Smoller L E Rasmussen B E Slade G Fritsch T E Goodwin 《Research in veterinary science》2001,71(3):197-200
In the Asian elephant, wetness akin to perspiration is commonly observed on the cuticles and interdigital areas of the feet; this observation has lead to speculation regarding the existence of an interdigital gland. Our goal was to search for interdigital glands and characterise them morphologically, histochemically, and immunohistochemically. Necropsy samples of interdigital areas from two Asian elephants were obtained. Multiple sections were fixed and processed routinely, then stained with hematoxylin/eosin and differential mucin stains. Immunohistochemistry was also performed for cytokeratins 8 and 10. Interdigital glands resembling human eccrine glands were detected deep within the reticular dermis. Histochemical staining indicated neutral mucopolysaccharides and nonsulphated acid mucopolysaccharides in glandular secretions, and the glandular epithelium also showed immunoreactivity to cytokeratins 8 and 10. Both the histochemical and immunohistochemical staining patterns are analogous to human eccrine structures. This study shows with certainty that Asian elephants possess sweat glands as they are defined histologically. 相似文献
5.
禽类输卵管精子腺组织学与组织化学研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用解剖学、组织学及组织化学方法,观察了鸡、鸭、鹅、鹌鹑的输卵管精子腺形态学特点。结果表明,禽类输卵管精子腺是由单层柱状上皮或锥形细胞围绕而成的单管状腺,分布于黏膜固有层内;含输卵管精子腺的环状黏膜带的宽度因输卵管的机能状态及种类不同存在差异;鸡、鹌鹑和鹅的输卵管精子腺细胞,在产卵期和休止期均呈过碘酸雪夫染色(PAS)阳性反应,而鸭呈PAS阴性反应;产卵期和休止期鸡精子腺细胞,均呈脂肪染色强阳性反应,而鸭、鹅、鹌鹑的精子腺细胞呈阴性反应。 相似文献
6.
L. W. Lamps B. R. Smoller L. E. L. Rasmussen B. E. Slade G. Fritsch T. E. Goodwin 《Research in veterinary science》2001,71(3):197
In the Asian elephant, wetness akin to perspiration is commonly observed on the cuticles and interdigital areas of the feet; this observation has lead to speculation regarding the existence of an interdigital gland. Our goal was to search for interdigital glands and characterise them morphologically, histochemically, and immunohistochemically. Necropsy samples of interdigital areas from two Asian elephants were obtained. Multiple sections were fixed and processed routinely, then stained with hematoxylin/eosin and differential mucin stains. Immunohistochemistry was also performed for cytokeratins 8 and 10. Interdigital glands resembling human eccrine glands were detected deep within the reticular dermis. Histochemical staining indicated neutral mucopolysaccharides and nonsulphated acid mucopolysaccharides in glandular secretions, and the glandular epithelium also showed immunoreactivity to cytokeratins 8 and 10. Both the histochemical and immunohistochemical staining patterns are analogous to human eccrine structures. This study shows with certainty that Asian elephants possess sweat glands as they are defined histologically. 相似文献
7.
Concern regarding the proportion of brown eggs being laid with abnormal egg shells led to an investigation of the relationship between disturbance or stress and egg shell appearance and quality. The abnormalities fell into two main classes: misshapen or bulging eggs and eggs coated with a superficial layer of amorphous calcium, variously termed dusted, white banded, chalky or pink eggs. Translocation of hens from pens to cages resulted in a decrease in egg production and an increase in the proportion of abnormal eggs over the succeeding 18 d. Disturbance to flocks on deep litter resulted in an increase in the proportion of eggs laid with abnormal shells on the following day, not only in the flocks directly affected but also in an adjacent flock. Exclusion from their nests of birds accustomed to laying in nest boxes resulted in disturbed prelaying behaviour, retention of eggs in the shell gland and an increased proportion of coated eggs. Administration of 0.1, 0.25 or 1.0 mg of adrenaline subcutaneously resulted in the retention of eggs currently in the hens' shell glands and in an increased proportion of eggs with abnormal egg shells being laid during the following 10 d. A dose response effect was apparent. There was evidence that the nature of the particular abnormality produced was dependent on the stage of egg formation at which the disturbance was imposed and, if retention followed, upon the length of time the egg was retained. Disturbances when eggs were only lightly calcified tended to result in misshapen eggs, while those occurring when oviposition was imminent tended to result in coated eggs. Dusted or pink eggs followed moderate retention whereas white banded eggs were seen after prolonged retention. These observations may provide a basis for a non-invasive method of assessing stress in laying hens as well as helping to account for hitherto inexplicable occurrences of declining egg shell quality. 相似文献
8.
Ultrastructure of the tubular glands in the isthmus region of the oviduct in laying and natural moulting commercial egg‐type chickens 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Mary‐Cathrine Nyasha Madekurozwa Mike M. Mpango 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2018,47(5):493-497
The study investigated the ultrastructural characteristics of tubular gland and duct cells, as well as luminal gland cells in the isthmus region of the oviduct of laying and natural moulting hens. Tubular glands in laying birds were composed of type 1 and 2 cells. Based on the preponderance of each cell type, in relation to the location of a developing egg in the oviduct of the domestic fowl, these gland cells may represent different functional states of the same cell. The findings of the study on natural moulting birds suggest that autophagy is a process confined to the early stages of degeneration, while necrosis occurs in the terminal stages. 相似文献
9.
Madekurozwa MC 《Research in veterinary science》2004,76(1):63-68
The immunohistochemical localization of progesterone and oestrogen receptors was studied in the shell gland of the immature ostrich (Struthio camelus) during periods of ovarian activity and inactivity. In birds with active ovaries moderate to strong immunostaining for the progesterone receptor was observed in the surface epithelium and tubular glands. In contrast faint progesterone receptor immunostaining was observed in the surface epithelium of the shell gland in ostriches with inactive ovaries. In addition, bud-like invaginations of the surface epithelium, which signaled tubular gland development, were negative for the progesterone receptor. Oestrogen receptor immunostaining, which was seen only in birds with active ovaries, was weak and restricted to nuclei of the surface epithelium. These results suggest that steroid hormones secreted by the active ovary regulate the differentiation of the shell gland. Furthermore, the influence of these hormones on the shell gland appears to be mediated predominantly through the activation of the progesterone receptor. 相似文献
10.
1. Uterovaginal junction (UVJ) tissues were collected 24 h after artificial insemination (AI) from 85- and 125-week-old broiler breeder hens in three physiological states: laying hard shell eggs (HS), laying shell-less eggs (SL) and non-laying (NL). This was confirmed by egg production records and visual appraisal of the oviduct at the time of necropsy. 2. Three longitudinal sections of each UVJ were evaluated microscopically and sperm host glands (SHG) were scored in 5 categories: glandular morphology evident but not lumen present, basophilic stained epithelium and no spermatoza present, glands that contained one to five spermatozoa; glands that contained 6 to 20 spermatozoa and glands that contained more than 20 spermatozoa. 3. Laying hens (HS and SL) at 85 weeks of age had significantly more sperm host glands (SHG) containing spermatozoa than NL hens. At 125 weeks of age HS and SL hens had significantly more unscorable glands. 4. The only category that showed no difference between age and physiological status group was the empty category. No significant differences were observed for any gland category in 82- and 125-week-old NL hens. 5. A greater proportion of the 85-week-old group of HS and SL hens had more SHG containing spermatozoa and fewer unscorable glands that the 125-week-old birds. The only category that showed any difference within the SL group was the low category. 相似文献
11.
Background
Cracked shells, due to age related reduction of shell quality, are a costly problem for the industry. Parallel to reduced shell quality the skeleton becomes brittle resulting in bone fractures. Calcium, a main prerequisite for both eggshell and bone, is regulated by estrogen in a complex manner. The effects of estrogen, given in a low continuous dose, were studied regarding factors involved in age related changes in shell quality and bone strength of laying hens. A pellet containing 0.385 mg estradiol 3-benzoate (21-day-release) or placebo was inserted subcutaneously in 20 birds each of Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Lohmann Brown (LB) at 70 weeks of age. Eggs were collected before and during the experiment for shell quality measurements. Blood samples for analysis of total calcium were taken three days after the insertion and at sacrifice (72 weeks). Right femur was used for bone strength measurements and tissue samples from duodenum and shell gland were processed for morphology, immunohistochemical localization of estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ), plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) and histochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase (CA).Results
Estrogen treatment increased shell thickness of both hybrids. In addition, shell weight and shell deformation improved in eggs from the brown hybrids. The more pronounced effect on eggs from the brown hybrid may be due to a change in sensitivity to estrogen, especially in surface epithelial cells of the shell gland, shown as an altered ratio between ERα and ERβ. A regulatory effect of estrogen on CA activity, but not PMCA, was seen in both duodenum and shell gland, and a possible connection to shell quality is discussed. Bone strength was unaffected by treatment, but femur was stronger in LSL birds suggesting that the hybrids differ in calcium allocation between shell and bone at the end of the laying period. Plasma calcium concentrations and egg production were unaffected.Conclusions
A low continuous dose of estrogen improves shell strength but not bone strength in laying hens at the end of the laying period. 相似文献12.
The aim of this study was to observe the expression and localization of estrogen receptor (ER) α and ER β mRNA in the medullary bone of laying hens. First, medullary bone, liver, kidney, and shell gland of the oviduct tissues were dissected from laying hens. Then, the total cellular RNA was isolated from each tissue specimen, and the ER α and ER β mRNA expression was observed using semiquantitative RT‐PCR. Second, the localization of ER α mRNA in the medullary bone was detected with in situ hybridization using digoxigenin‐11‐UTP‐labeled cRNA probes. As a result, the expression of ER α mRNA was higher than that of ER β mRNA in the medullary bone, liver, and shell gland of the oviduct from laying hens. In the kidney, ER α mRNA expression was lower than that of ER β mRNA. The expression pattern of ER α and ER β mRNA of the medullary bone was similar to that of the shell gland of the oviduct. Moreover, ER α mRNA was intensively expressed in osteoblasts on the medullary bone surface and bone marrow stromal cells but was not expressed in osteoclasts. These results suggest that in medullary bone, estrogen action may be regulated not by ER β but by ER α. 相似文献
13.
Tritrichomonas foetus is an extracellular parasite of the reproductive tract in cattle. To investigate the cytopathic effects of T. foetus in deeper parts of the reproductive tract, a bovine primary oviduct epithelial cell system (BOECs) was developed. Reproductive tracts were obtained from cows and the effect of co-incubating T. foetus with BOECs was analyzed by scanning electron, transmission electron and fluorescence microscopy. Viability tests were performed using colorimetric methods, TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling), fluorescein diacetate, propidium iodide, JC-1 and annexin-V. The results demonstrate that: (1) the in vitro oviduct epithelium is useful for interaction experiments with T. foetus; (2) T. foetus adheres to the BOECs as single separate cells, and later on the cells aggregate as large clusters; (3) the posterior region of the cell initiates the process of adhesion and forms filopodia and digitopodia; (4) T. foetus severely damages BOECs leaving imprints in the epithelial cells, wide intercellular spaces, and large lesions in the epithelium; and (5) T. foetus provokes bovine oviduct cell death by apoptosis and secondary necrosis. Our observations indicate the possibility that T. foetus can move through the reproductive tract to the oviduct and that infertility in cows can be mediated by an attack on the oviduct cells by T. foetus. 相似文献
14.
The conventional culture methods of hatching eggs using shell and/or egg contents for detection of salmonella organisms give mostly unsatisfactory results. The aim of the present study is to evaluate selection of other samples and techniques of culturing hatching eggs and freshly hatched chicks. This current study provides the best evidence of Salmonella enteritidis in artificially contaminated eggs (Layer type) by using enrichment broth in empty egg shell samples in comparison to culturing samples from yolk, albumen or from shell above the air cell (with the outer shell membrane). The isolation rates could be enhanced if empty egg shell was initially filled with Buffered Pepton Water as pre-enrichment broth. Examination of organs from freshly hatched chicks revealed that crop samples give mostly higher reisolation rates. 相似文献
15.
1. The intracellular composition of the avian shell gland mucosa was studied at six stages of egg formation.
2. Total water content of the mucosa before shell calcification was 4.8 kg/kg dry weight (dw) and rose to 6.6 kg/kg dw during shell formation; 60% of the increase was intracellular and 40% extracellular.
3. The potassium concentration of the mucosa remained constant during egg formation.
4. Chloride was removed constantly from the mucosal cells during egg formation.
5. A model was constructed for the glandular cells which depicts them as primarily NaHCO3‐secreting cells towards the luminal side and HC1‐secreting cells towards the serosal side, their main function being to provide CO2‐ 3 for shell formation. In this model, the columnar mucosal cells are responsible for the calcium used in shell formation. 相似文献
16.
It is expected that when birds consume a diet with a fixed calcium content variation in the rate of egg production, in body weight or in egg weight will lead to variation in calcium consumption. This analysis investigated whether, in a particular experiment, this also led to variation in egg shell thickness. Data from 67 birds over ten consecutive 28‐d periods were considered. Within birds and within periods it was found that the relationships between shell thickness and these production characters varied at different dietary calcium levels and in some cases the partial regression coefficients calculated were different in sign from those expected. However, only comparatively small amounts of variation in shell thickness could be ascribed to yariation in egg numbers, body weight or egg weight and, after regression, significant (P<0.001) differences still existed in shell thickness between birds. In this investigation there was little tendency for the egg shells to become thinner as the birds aged and hence the correlation coefficients between shell thickness and each of the three production characters due to common seasonal or ageing effects were small. The correlation between the angular transformation of the percentage cracked egg shells produced by each bird and its'mean shell thickness was — 0.357. 相似文献
17.
R Crespo R L Walker R Nordhausen S J Sawyer R B Manalac 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2001,13(3):240-245
Increased mortality (1.5% per week) and low egg production (5-10% lower than normal) were observed in a flock of domestic breeding Pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). At necropsy, salpingitis and peritonitis were the most significant findings. Histologically, there was accumulation of necrotic debris in the lumen of the oviduct. Numerous bacteria and trichomonads were observed histologically in the lumen of the vagina and occasionally in the shell gland. Escherichia coli and a trichomonad were isolated from the oviduct. The trichomonads were oval (6-8 microm long, 4.5-6 microm wide) and had 4 anterior flagella and an undulating membrane extending over the entire length of the body, finishing in a long posterior flagellum. Morphology was consistent with trichomonads of the genus Tetratrichomonas. Comparative sequence analysis of the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and the flanking internal transcribed space regions of the trichomonad isolate did not closely match with available sequences of the same region of other trichomonadid protozoa. 相似文献
18.
以不同传染性支气管炎病毒（肾型IBV-河北分离株与呼吸型IBV-M41）分别感染蛋雏鸡,通过测定输卵管蛋白分泌部及子宫雌激素受体（Estrogen receptor,ER）和孕激素受体（Progesterone receptor,PR）的表达水平,来探讨IBV早期感染（10d）对抑制蛋鸡输卵管发育的作用机制。结果显示,IBV感染降低子宫和蛋白分泌部ER mR-NA、PR mRNA的表达水平,即致子宫ER mRNA和PR mRNA的表达低于检测水平;蛋白分泌部ER mRNA和PR mRNA的表达水平显著降低（P〈0.01）,且M41的作用幅度较肾型IBV更为显著（P〈0.01）。结果表明,IBV可通过降低ER和PR的表达水平,抑制输卵管对雌激素的应答能力而影响输卵管的发育。 相似文献
19.
Voluntary food and calcium intake by the laying hen 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Two experiments, each of 40 d duration, are described in which a diet rich in calcium (3.5% Ca) or one deficient in calcium (1% Ca), but with oyster shell offered separately, were fed ad libitum to four laying hens. The voluntary consumption of food and oyster shell was automatically recorded every 2 h. The hourly consumption of the high Ga diet increased during the afternoon while the daily pattern of consumption was modified by the position of the egg in the clutch.
When the low Ca diet was fed with oyster shell, the daily consumption was increased but the effect of the position of the egg in the clutch was reduced. The ingestion of oyster shell was very high between 16.00 and 20.00 h when egg calcification was in progress; after the last oviposition of the clutch this elevated level of intake remained though to a lesser degree. In relation to the stage of egg formation, the voluntary intake of oyster shell increased sharply between 4 and 12 h after the former oviposition.
These results confirm that the laying hen can discriminate between food and calcium intake. It seems that appetite for calcium is firstly related to light‐dark cycles with a modulation of the afternoon peak by ovulation and then egg shell calcification. 相似文献
20.
P Mongin 《British poultry science》1976,17(5):499-507
Crop and gizzard contents were analysed at six stages of egg formation. 2. The crop was empty during the day and full during the night while the gizzard contained a constant amount of dry matter. The water content of the crop did not change but that of the gizzard was at a minimum just after the ovulation and at a maximum 18 h later. 3. The osmotic pressure of the gizzard contents remained constant and close to that of the blood; that of the crop contents was almost isotonic at oviposition but hypertonic 18 h later. In both organs the pH of the liquid phase varied cyclicly with the egg formation and was lowest during egg shell deposition. 4. The Na+, K+ and Cl- contents of the crop liquid phase did not vary but Ca2+ increased with decreasing pH.Na+ and K+ were also constant in the gizzard liquid phase but Cl- and Ca2+ increased during shell formation. 5. It is concluded that the amount of HCl secreted by the proventiculus is related to egg shell deposition and that calcium solubilisation depends on microbial fermentation in crop and HCl secretion by proventriculus. 相似文献