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1.
Naked barley is widely planted in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China and is essential for the daily life of Tibetans in those regions. In this study, the genetic diversity of 64 cultivated naked barley accessions from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China was analyzed using 30 mapped SSRs linked with the important traits of barley improvement. A total of 132 alleles were identified at 22 polymorphic SSR loci, with the number of each locus ranging from 2 to 15, the polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.16 to 0.91, and with an average of 0.65. Of the selected SSRs, 13 SSR markers with high PIC value were highly efficient for the genetic analysis of Chinese barley. The accessions were divided into five main groups by cluster analysis and could be differentiated from each other. The genetic diversity in the Tibet accessions was slightly higher than in the Sichuan accessions. It is found that there were specific genes linked with the collecting sites. These results indicate the cultivated naked barley from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China are highly polymorphic and could be considered as an important resource bank for cultivated naked barley breeding in the future. __________ Translated from Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni, 46(2): 82–86 [译自: 中山大学学报(自然科学版)]  相似文献   

2.
The genomes of seven native goat populations were screened by using microsatellites as molecular markers; the populations were Yichang white, Matou, Xiangdong black, Fuqing, Daiyun, Huanghuai and Yangtse River Delta white goats. A total of 23 microsatellite markers were used and genetic diversities and genetic distances were also determined. The results showed that only 21 loci showed polymorphism in all populations. BM0203 was a homozygotic locus in every population, but more than one allele was found among all populations. Alleles of BM6444 were homozygotic in Xiangdong Black and Yichang White goats, but more than one allele was detected in other populations. Average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.819 0, and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all seven populations was 0.630 5–0.691 9. An unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram was constructed on Nei’s standard genetic distance. Matou and Xiangdong black were grouped at first, then Fuqing, Daiyun, Yangtse River Delta white and Huanghuai goats joined them respectively. Finally, Yichang white goats clustered with all of the above. Translated from Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2006, 37(1): 1–6 [译自: 畜牧兽医学报]  相似文献   

3.
选择12对微卫星标记检测了于2011年采集自元江(红河上游中国江段)5个样点192尾鲤的群体遗传多样性。共检测到201个等位基因,每个位点等位基因2-27个。各群体各位点平均等位基因(NA)12.25-14.67个,平均有效等位基因(NE)8.28-9.73个,平均观察杂合度(HO) 0.7765-0.8037,平均期望杂合度(HE)0.7761-0.8080,平均多态信息含量(PIC) 0.7534-0.7843。元江鲤种群192个个体各位点NA、NE、HO、HE、PIC分别为16.50、11.26、0.7927、0.8049、0.7966,种群遗传多样性水平高。元江鲤群体之间遗传分化小,可作为一个种群管理单元进行管理。增殖放流要防止遗传多样性丧失。  相似文献   

4.
The genomes of six populations were screened using microsatellites as molecular markers, including Ujmuqin sheep, small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep, Hu sheep, Tong sheep and Yangtse River Delta (YRD) white goat. A total of seven microsatellite markers were used and genetic diversity and genetic distance were also determined. The results showed that there were 224 alleles in six populations, all seven loci showed polymorphism in all populations. The average heterozygosity of all populations was 0.949 9, and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) of all six populations was 0.842 5–0.929 4. The six sheep (goat) popualtions were lowly differentiated with all loci, and the coefficient of phaenotype differentiation (Fst) was 2.6%, which was consistent with the coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst). The global heterozygote deficit across of all populations (Fit) amounted to 0.5%. The overall significant deficit of heterozygotes because of inbreeding within breeds (Fis) amounted to −2.2%. Two Unweighted Pair-group Method using Arithmetic Averages (UPGMA) dendrograms were constructed on the basis of Nei’s standard genetic distance (DS) and Nei’s genetic distance (DA) respectively. Hu sheep and Tong sheep were grouped at first, Ujmuqin sheep and small-tailed Han sheep clustered and then clustered with Tan sheep. Finally, Yangtse River Delta white goat joined in with all above. From this study, Ujmuqin sheep belongs to “Mongolia sheep” group, which corresponds with the historical records exactly. Ujmuqin sheep and small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep, Hu sheep and Tong sheep all vest in the “Mongolia sheep” group.  相似文献   

5.
A sample of soybean accessions (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) from Huanghe-Huaihe-Haihe and Middle-Lower Changjiang Valleys in China was used to identify their tolerance to rhizo-spheric stresses, including drought, aluminum toxin and low phosphorus. A total of 15 accessions highly tolerant to at least one of the abiotic stresses were screened out. The correlation between drought tolerance and the relative values of total root length, root volume and dry root weight (relative to dry plant weight) were all significant at 0.01 level, respectively. So did for the correlation between aluminum toxin tolerance and the stress to non-stress ratios of the number of lateral roots, tap root length, total root length, root volume and dry root weight. The inheritance study on the above three root traits related to drought tolerance under segregation analysis indicated that between the two parents of the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of (Kefeng 1 × Nannong 1138-2), the relative values of dry root weight, total root length and root volume were controlled by two major genes plus polygenes with their major gene heritability values 62.26%–91.81% and polygene heritability values 2.99%–24.75%, respectively, and for the latter two traits, the two major genes linked together with recombination value 4.30% and 1.93%, respectively. The inheritance study on the five root traits related to aluminum toxin tolerance revealed that between the two parents of the recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of (Bogao × NG94-156), the stress to non-stress ratios of lateral root number, tap root length, total root length and dry root weight were controlled by three major genes plus polygenes with their major gene heritability values 80.22%–91.81% and polygene heritability values 3.52%–11.39%, while the stress to non-stress ratio of root volume was controlled by three major genes with their major gene heritability value 93.44%. The (Kefeng 1 × Nannong 1138-2) RIL population was also used for mapping QTLs of relative dry root weight, total root length and root volume related to drought tolerance. Five, three and five QTLs located on Linkage group N6-C2, N8-D1b+W, N11-E and N18-K for each of the three traits, respectively, were identified. Each of the traits appeared to have one locus (Dw1, Rl1, Rv1) with relatively large effect in comparison with their other loci, and the three loci in above parentheses were located in the same region STAS8_3T-STAS8_6T on N6-C2 with a same distance to the flanking markers. Thus, Dw1, Rl1, and Rv1 even might be a same locus and performed as pleiotropic of a same gene. The results between segregation analysis and QTL mapping appeared relatively consistent, therefore could be used for verification each other. Part of the results was published in Chinese in Acta Genetica Sinica, 2005, 32(8): 855–863 [部分译自: 遗传学报] Note: Junyi Gai and Shouyi Chen are joint senior authors with equal responsibility.  相似文献   

6.
运用显微介导远缘杂交技术,将未经遗传修饰的中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis)总DNA直接导入受体鲤(Cyprinus carpio L·)内,以期通过这种基因组水平的远缘杂交技术改善受体鲤的品质。创建的远缘基因鲤提高了鲤的品质,丰富了鲤的遗传基础。本研究对48尾显微介导远缘基因鲤亲鱼进行标记取样,通过20个具有多态的鲤微卫星引物分析,选出在中度遗传距离(0.5～0.6)的亲本进行繁殖,从子代群体中选出品质性状优良的3个家系为研究对象。利用微卫星标记,分别对3个家系进行了遗传背景分析。结果表明,3个家系的平均有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为2.153 5、2.384 0和2.411 0;平均观测杂合度(Ho)分别为0.482 5、0.430 0和0.445 0;平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.519 5、0.572 0和0.570 0;平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.430 0、0.471 5和0.494 5。其遗传多样性处于中度多态(0.25PIC0.5)偏高水平。3个家系的基因分化系数(GST)为0.074,家系之间属于中度分化水平。  相似文献   

7.
为研究Izumo1基因多态性及与产羔数关系,本研究利用PCR和直接测序法对小尾寒羊和苏尼特羊的Izumo1基因DNA序列进行扩增、测序和BLAST分析,并和本课题组前期绵羊重测序数据进行比对,筛选出Izumo1基因SNP位点。同时,采用Sequenom MassARRAY~?技术进行基因分型,并对其SNP位点的基因型和等位基因频率在各群体中的分布进行研究。结果表明:小尾寒羊Izumo1基因DNA全长序列3 385 bp,苏尼特羊Izumo1基因DNA全长序列3 382 bp;筛选出8个Izumo1基因SNP位点,经过初步筛选,将在小尾寒羊、苏尼特羊、滩羊、萨福克羊、杜泊羊、草原藏羊这6个绵羊品种中位点分布没有差异的SNP位点排除,最终筛选获得的g.54412135AG和g.54412107CA 2个位点。Izumo1基因g.54412135AG位点在多羔和单羔绵羊品种中存在GG、GA和AA 3种基因型,G基因为优势等位基因;g.54412107CA在多羔品种中存在CC和CA 2种基因型,而在单羔品种中存在CC、CA和AA 3种基因型,C基因为优势等位基因,其基因型频率和基因频率在单、多羔绵羊群体间的分布差异均极显著(P0.01);群体遗传学分析得出g.54412135AG多态位点在6个品种中的多态信息含量(PIC)都属于低度多态(PIC0.25);g.54412107CA多态位点在杜泊羊中属于中度多态(0.25PIC0.5),在其他5个品种中都属于低度多态(PIC0.25),然而,关联分析发现Izumo1基因g.54412135AG和g.54412107CA位点的不同基因型与小尾寒羊不同胎次产羔数之间不存在显著关联(P0.05)。  相似文献   

8.
A molecular map of melon (Cucumis melo L.) was constructed with SRAP (Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism) markers using a population consisting of 114 F2 individuals derived from the cross of 4G21 (C. melo var. chinensis) and 3A832 (C. melo var. saccherinus). Twenty-nine primer pairs were used and 187 polymorphic loci were produced. The map consists of 12 linkage groups that include 152 genetic markers and cover 2077.1 cM with an average genetic distance of 13.67 cM. Every linkage group has 6–32 genetic markers with average genetic distance of 9.72–19.19 cM. The length of linkage group is 85.3–496.1 cM. __________ Translated from Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2007, 34(1): 135–140 [译自 : 园艺学报]  相似文献   

9.
We used microsatellite markers to investigate the genetic parameters of three different polyploidy populations of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus from Honghu City, Hubei Province. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis banding patterns of diploid（2n）, triploid（3n） and tetraploid loaches（4n） were analyzed with Pop Gen software. A total of 68 alleles were obtained from seven microsatellite loci and the polymorphism information content（PIC） indices were all above 0.5. The average expected mean heterozygosity values（He） were 0.8420, 0.7186 and 0.8521; the average observed mean heterozygosity values（Ho） were 0.9674, 0.9785 and 0.8928; and the HardyWeinberg P values were 0.3078, 0.3151 and 0.3762, for diploid, triploid and tetraploid individuals, respectively. The results indicated that the three populations were highly polymorphic, with no deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium observed at all the seven microsatellite loci. This indicated a high level of genetic diversity within the populations. A cluster analysis diagram showed that the shortest genetic distance was between diploid and tetraploid loaches and they shared a close phylogenetic relationship. The triploid and tetraploid individuals had the most distant phylogenetic relationship.  相似文献   

10.
Using starch gel and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the genetic diversity of 19 populations of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) distributed in China has been evaluated based on seven allozyme systems. Among the 14 enzyme loci studied, 12 of them showed polymorphic, giving a total of 40 alleles. The average allelic number (A) and the average effective allelic number (Ae) were 3.004 and 2.178, whereas the average of expected heterozygosity (He) and the observed heterozygosity (Ho) were 0.525 and 0.440, respectively. The total genetic differentiation (H T ) in the 19 populations tested was 0.536, including 0.515 within population (H S ) and 0.021 among populations (D ST ). The mean coefficient of genetic differentiation (G ST ) was 0.038, indicating that 3.8% of genetic differentiation was resulted from the populations, and the rest from those within the population. The genetic distance among the 19 populations was small, ranging from 0.015 to 0.065. Cluster analysis based on AVERAGE showed that populations with closer geographical distribution had higher genetic similarity than that in populations with far away distribution. There was no evident geographic differentiation pattern in Chinese black locust populations at a biochemical level.  相似文献   

11.
In this study, PCR-SSCP technique was designed to investigate the effect of the myogenin (MyoG) gene on quality of chicken meat (developed by Sichuan Dahen Poultry Breeding Company using local breeds). Four mutations at base position in the promoter region were detected among individuals in each line, i.e. T/C in locus A, and T/A, T/C and A/G in locus B. Least squares analysis showed that there was a significant difference between genotype and breast muscle percentage and some carcass traits (P < 0.05) for locus A. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in breast muscle weight between AC, AA and AB genotypes; a significant difference (P < 0.05) in leg muscle percentage between CC and AC for locus B, and an extremely significant difference (P < 0.01) in the frequency of genotype muscle fiber density for both locus A and locus B. Nonsignificant difference (P < 0.05) was detected in the other traits. It was concluded that the MyoG gene is the major gene affecting the muscle fiber traits of chicken or it links with the candidate gene, and the mutation can be used as the molecular genetic marker to select the chickens for meat quality traits. __________ Translated from Hereditas (Beijing), 2007, 29(9): 1089–1096 [译自: 遗传(北京)] These authors contributed equally to this work.  相似文献   

12.
In this study, multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis on metaphase chromosomes of spinach with biotin-labeled 25S rDNA, DIG-labeled telomere sequences and biotin-labeled and DIG-labeled 5S rDNA was performed. There were six 25S rDNA loci located on the satellites of the third, the fifth and the sixth chromosomes, and four 5S rDNA loci located on the long arms of the third and the fifth chromosomes. The telomere loci were located on the end of the sixth chromosome and also on both the end and centromeric regions of other chromosomes. This study is an important complement to both traditional karyotype analysis and FISH karyotype analysis in spinach. __________ Translated from Hereditas (Beijing), 2007, 29(11): 1405–1408 [译自: 遗传(北京)]  相似文献   

13.
研究牦牛 SMAD1基因第1外显子SNPs与生长性状的关系，寻找与牦牛生长性状相关的分子标记。采用DNA测序和单倍型分型技术，对青海牦牛 SMAD1基因进行SNPs检测及其基因分型、连锁不平衡和单倍型分析，并对多态位点的基因型及组合单倍型与牦牛生长性状的关联性进行分析。结果发现， SMAD1在第1外显子上存在5个突变位点，其中，g.35084C>T、g.35111C>T和g.35333G>A均存在2种基因型，g.35171G>A和g.35312C>T均存在3种基因型。连锁不平衡分析发现5个位点间不存在强的连锁不平衡效应，单倍型分析发现存在6种不同的单倍型，其中单倍型Hap3的发生频率最高。关联性分析表明，g.35084C>T位点与胸围显著相关，g.35111C>T位点与体斜长、胸围显著相关，g.35171G>A和g.35312C>T位点与体质量、体高、体斜长和胸围显著相关，g.35333G>A位点与胸围、体高显著相关。通过基因型组合发现，4种组合单倍型均与牦牛生长性状有着显著或极显著相关，且H3H6可能是影响牦牛生长性状的最优...  相似文献   

14.
通过120尾同塘养殖翘嘴鲌体长和体质量的测定,以及生长激素基因(GH)侧翼的2个微卫星位点Cal-GH01和Cal-GH02基因型检测,分析了翘嘴鲌GH基因侧翼的2个微卫星多态性与生长性能的相关性。结果表明:Cal-GH01共检测到3个等位基因(404、407和410 bp)和6种基因型,等位基因407 bp是优势等位基因,407/407 bp是优势基因型;该微卫星位点多态信息含量为0.420,观测杂合度为0.207 2,属中度多态性位点。Cal-GH02共检测到6个等位基因(366、375、378、381、384和387 bp)和11种基因型,等位基因381 bp是优势等位基因,381/381 bp是优势基因型;该微卫星座位多态信息含量为0.450,观测杂合度为0.466 1,属中度多态座位。微卫星位点Cal-GH01的分析结果表明,404/407型个体占样本数的13.3%,其体长最长。407/410型个体占样本数的5%,其体质量最大。Cal-GH01不同基因型个体体长和体质量均有差异,但差异均不显著(P>0.05)。在微卫星位点Cal-GH02中,366/381型个体占样本数的3.3%,其体长和体质量均最大,其体质量显著大于其他基因型个体(P<0.05)。384/387型个体占样本数的2.5%,其体长和体质量均最小,其体长显著小于其他基因型个体(P<0.05)。翘嘴鲌GH基因多态性与生长性状存在关联,推测相关变异位点可作为翘嘴鲌生长的候选辅助标记。  相似文献   

15.
Genetic diversity among 95 Chinese upland cottons with Fusarium and/or Verticillium wilts resistance was estimated using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. Twenty EcoRI-MseI AFLP and 19 SSR primers with polymorphism were selected to perform the fingerprinting. The results showed that 20 AFLP primer pairs produced a total of 1 480 major bands among 95 genotypes, and 214 were polymorphic bands. The number of total bands per primer pair ranged from 47 to 109, with an average of 74.0. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values for the 20 primer pairs varied from 0.01 (E-ACT/M-CAT) to 0.24 (E-ACA/M-CTA), and the average value was 0.09. Nineteen SSR primers generated 89 DNA bands, of which 61 were polymorphic. The total number of alleles per locus varied from 3 to 8, with an average of 4.7. The average PIC value for the SSR amplification products was 0.69. Genetic similarity estimates for the entire data set ranged from 0.978 to 0.998 based on AFLP and SSR bands. It was proved that the close genetic relationship and narrow genetic diversity existed in the tested cultivars. The clustering patterns could not be correlated to the geographic origin, the pedigree and common parentage of the cultivars.  相似文献   

16.
Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) data was applied to analyze the distribution of the MyoD gene in 10 pig breeds and pig breed crosses. The population genetic information about genetic distribution, variation, and heterozygosity of the MyoD gene in different breed populations were analyzed. Based on the allele frequency, genetic distance and evolution distance among each breed populations were calculated and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) phylogenetic tree was gained based on the evolution distances between populations. The results indicated that the distribution of the MyoD genotype kept in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in most tested groups but not in Duroc (D) and Duroc6(Landrance × Yorkshire) (DLY) population. Generally, the genetic diversity of the MyoD gene was abundant and these tested breed populations had high genetic variations. The evolution of the MyoD gene was under natural selection pressure. On the phylogenetic tree, 10 pig breeds were divided into 4 clusters. The first cluster consisted of four breeds developed from Landrace. The second cluster was two indigenous Chinese pig breeds. The third cluster was three breeds developed from Duroc. The fourth cluster was a Tibetan pig breed. The constitution of the topology of the phylogenetic tree was consistent with the breeding history of each pig breed. From this experiment, we can conclude that some RFLP data obtained from functional gene can be used in the genetic deviation research between some closely related species or between different populations in certain species. __________ Translated from Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2007, 38(1): 1–7 [译自: 畜牧兽医学报]  相似文献   

17.
PCR-SSCP analysis was used to detect polymorphic sites in chicken adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) gene. Six Chinese local breeds, Beijing-You chicken, Dwarf chicken, Taihe silky chicken, Chongrenma chicken, Xiayan chicken, Luyuan chicken and an introduced foreign breed, Arbor Acre broiler, were used as test populations. Three PCR-SSCP loci were detected. Statistical results showed that frequencies of genotypes and alleles were significantly different in the test populations. Sequence analysis revealed that C → T, G → A, and C → T transitions were responsible for the polymorphisms. Some fat-related traits such as body weight, content of intramuscular fat (IMF) and percentage of abdominal fat (AFP) were measured in Dwarf chickens and male Beijing-You chickens. We found out that chicken quality was significantly related to different genotypes in these two populations. __________ Translated from Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2007, 38(6): 526–532 [译自 : 畜牧兽医学报]  相似文献   

18.
利用20对微卫星标记埘长鳍鲤、锦鲤和龙凤鲤3个鲤鱼群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构进行分析.结果表明:3个群体在20个位点上分别检测到108、164、154个等位基因,各群体等位基因数2～16个不等,平均有效等位基因数分别为4.496、5.695和5.606.3个群体平均期望杂合度分别为0.769、0.806、0.801,多态信息含量分别为0.703、0.761和0.757,遗传多样性指数分别为0.764、0.803和0.799,群体间遗传分化系数为0.071.结果说明3个群体遗传多样性较为丰富.  相似文献   

19.
旨在探究阿勒泰羊、和田红羊、吐鲁番黑羊中FSHR基因g.75132817C>T、g.75320579G>A、g.75320741G>A突变位点的多态性与产羔数的关系,为高繁殖力绵羊的选育提供新的分子标记。利用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR（The kompetitive allele specific PCR genotyping system,KASP）技术对FSHR基因的3个突变位点进行分型,利用SPSS 19.0进行关联分析。结果表明,g.75132817C>T位点在3个群体中均表现为中度多态（025A和g.75320741G>A位点在3个群体中均为低度多态 （PIC<0.25）。g.75132817C>T位点中,和田红羊突变型TT个体产羔数显著高于野生型CC个体（P< 0.05）。g.75320579G>A位点中,阿勒泰羊野生型GG个体产羔数显著高于杂合型GA个体。g.75320741G>A位点中,阿勒泰羊野生型GG个体产羔数极显著高于杂合型GA个体和突变型AA个体;吐鲁番黑羊突变型AA个体产羔数显著高于野生型GG个体。因此,推测FSHR基因g.75132817C>T位点适用于和田红羊产羔数的选育;g.75320741G>A位点适用于吐鲁番黑羊产羔数的选育。  相似文献   

20.
利用SSR和ISSR两种分子标记技术,对菊黄东方鲀的人工选育群体(SH)和野生群体(YS)的遗传变异和遗传结构进行了联合分析。SSR分析的结果显示,14个微卫星位点总共获得了146个等位基因,选育和野生群体的平均期望杂合度(He)分别为0.730 0和0.832 3,平均多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.705 1和0.813 6;ISSR结果显示,选育和野生群体的平均Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)分别为0.267 2和0.282 3,平均Shannon信息指数(I)为0.407 2和0.425 6,表明菊黄东方鲀选育群体的遗传变异程度低于野生群体。此外,两种分子标记遗传分化的结果显示,两个群体的遗传分化指数分别为0.061 9(SSR)和0.061 5(ISSR),表明两个群体已经产生了中等程度的遗传分化。综上,本单位菊黄东方鲀的人工选育群体仍然具有相对较丰富的遗传变异以供进一步的遗传改良。  相似文献   

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