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基于CFD的夏季屋顶全开型玻璃温室自然通风流场分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为研究自然通风对屋顶全开型玻璃连栋温室夏季降温的影响,采用k-ε湍流模型和DO辐射模型建立了屋顶全开型温室在夏季高太阳辐射和弱风天气下的CFD模型,将模型的模拟值与实测值进行对比,两者平均相对误差为2.5%。利用建立的CFD模型,进行了夏季高温季节通风降温调控措施的试验分析。结果表明:屋顶全开窗玻璃温室中,天窗的开窗角度应与侧窗配合,这样能增强通风的降温效果;在侧窗为45°时,天窗调整至60°的温室整体降温效果优于天窗45°或75°开启角度。屋顶全开窗玻璃温室在使用侧窗和调控至合理开启角度的天窗进行联合通风的工况下,温室整体温度从38.4℃降至36.9℃,调控措施降温效果明显。 相似文献
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玻璃温室夏季组合降温措施试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文详细阐述了夏季温室内几种主要组合降温措施,即自然通风+外遮阳系统、机械通风+外遮阳系统、湿帘风机+外遮阳系统和湿帘风机+外遮阳+屋顶喷淋系统等降温措施,与此同时对温室内的温湿度环境变化规律进行分析.结果表明,四种降温措施分别使温室内、外温度差分别为-0.6℃、-1.2℃、-3.6℃和-7.4℃,由此可见湿帘风机+外遮阳+屋顶喷淋系统降温效果最佳;温室内、外湿度差分别为-10.5%、-6.5%、8%和6.8%. 相似文献
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在分析东南沿海夏季温室小型气候的基础上,结合国内外普遍的降温方式,提出通风降温、遮阳降温、喷雾降温、湿帘风机降温等几种对东南沿海温室降温效果明显的措施。随时施宜,因地制宜地采取有效的组合方法,可达到较好效果,并降低成本。 相似文献
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玻璃温室夏季单项降温措施的试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
详细阐述了夏季温室内的主要单项降温措施,即自然通风、机械通风、湿垫风机以及外遮阳等降温系统;同时,对温室内温湿度环境的变化规律进行了分析.试验结果表明,4种降温措施的温室内外温度差分别为1.1℃,0.4℃,-2.6℃和-1.2℃.由此可见:湿垫风机降温效果最佳,温室内外湿度差分别为-13%,-6%,8%和1%. 相似文献
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靠油自冷却的轴承受环境温度的影响较大，盛夏里普遍出现轴温升高或过热现象。对此类轴承进行降温处理，是当今小水电站机组安全运行亟需解决的主要技术问题。就此通过对轴承发热原因的分析，介绍了隆回县木瓜山电站采取的轴承降温措施及应用效果。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献