共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Chunsheng Liu Fantong Meng Xianming Tang Yaohua Shi Aimin Wang Zhifeng Gu Zhi Pan 《Fisheries Science》2018,84(5):897-907
Nonvolatile taste active compounds, including free amino acids (FAAs), 5′-nucleotides, betaine, soluble sugars, trimethylamine oxide and organic acids of wild and cultured mud crab Scylla paramamosain were examined. The main taste in mud crab (MC) is derived from the FAAs, 5′-nucleotides, betaine, and organic acids, based on the fact that these compounds have a taste activity value (TAV)?>?1. Wild MCs had a higher content of total FAAs, 5′-nucleotides, betaine, and organic acids in meat compared with cultured animals. However, no differences in the taste active compound levels were observed in the gonads of wild and cultured MCs, with betaine being the exception (wild crab?>?cultured crab). The total concentrations of FAAs in MC ranged from 12.71 to 36.94 mg/g. Monosodium glutamate (MSG)-like FAAs were primarily contributed by glutamic acid, and ranged from 0.71 to 0.93 mg/g. The concentrations of 5′-nucleotides were 1.10–2.24 mg/g, in which 5′-inosine monophosphate (IMP) and 5′-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) were the predominant TAVs (TAV?>?1). The total concentrations of organic acids in MC were 2.41–11.10 mg/g, in which lactic and succinic acid in meat, and citric acid and succinic acid in female gonads were the main organic acids. The gonads were observed to have higher concentrations of 5′-nucleotides and organic acids compared with crab meat, with the equivalent umami concentration in gonads being higher than that in crab meat. In conclusion, wild MCs contained more active-taste nonvolatile flavor components relative to those detected in cultured MCs. 相似文献
2.
为科学评价不同采收期的紫菜在滋味方面的差异,采用电子舌技术分析了头水、二水、四水和六水条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)的滋味组成,同时,对不同采收期紫菜中游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸等呈味物质的含量进行了测定。结果显示,紫菜滋味主要由鲜味、鲜味回味、咸味和苦味组成。头水、二水、四水和六水紫菜的鲜味强度依次减弱。二水紫菜的鲜味回味值最大,头水和四水紫菜的鲜味回味值接近,六水紫菜的鲜味回味值显著降低(P<0.05)。头水和二水紫菜的咸味强度接近,且显著高于后期采收紫菜的咸味值(P<0.05)。头水、二水紫菜的苦味值接近,四水紫菜的苦味值略低,六水紫菜的苦味值最低。不同采收期紫菜的呈味物质含量及其对滋味的贡献程度差异较大。头水、二水、四水和六水紫菜的游离氨基酸总量依次减少,4组样品之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),对滋味贡献大的游离氨基酸主要是丙氨酸和谷氨酸。呈味核苷酸中肌苷酸(Inosine monophosphate,IMP)对滋味的贡献大。头水、二水、四水和六水紫菜的味精当量(Equivalent umami concentration,EUC)分别为223.89、222.13、118.54和47.19 g MSG/100 g,研究表明,前期采收的紫菜鲜味更加强烈。电子舌的检测数据与呈味物质含量的分析结果基本一致。 相似文献
3.
4.
This study reports the changes in fatty acids, taste, and microstructure of cooked southern king crab meat (Lithodes santolla) during storage at 0°C for 10 days and at ?20°C for 90 days. At the end of both storage times, the iodine value decreased by 16.5%, while 83.5% of the initial fatty acid quality remained unchanged. The polyene ratio decreased by 32% at 0°C and 35.9% at ?20°C, whereas the atherogenic and thrombotic indices remained at values that do not represent any risk to human health. Free amino acids that contribute to taste (taste activity value, TAV > 1) were: glycine and alanine (sweetness), arginine (bittersweetness), and histidine (bitterness). The bittersweet taste imparted by arginine (initial TAV = 16.4) was prevalent even at the end of frozen storage (TAV = 7.9). The umami taste was elicited by disodium 5′-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) nucleotide. The equivalent umami concentration in g MSG/100 g meat changed from 0.031 to 0.045 in refrigerated samples and to 1.6 in frozen samples. A loss of the original fibrous structure of the meat was evidenced during both treatments. Refrigerated samples presented a disintegrated and homogeneous texture at 10 days, while freezing formed a spongy tissue at 90 days. 相似文献
5.
将丁香油添加到蟹黄鲜虾酱中,25℃恒温贮藏180 d,通过对蟹黄鲜虾酱贮藏过程中丙二醛含量、总巯基含量、脂肪酸组成及含量、呈味物质含量进行定期检测,并结合滋味物质的味道强度值和味道当量在贮藏过程中的变化,探索丁香油对蟹黄鲜虾酱贮藏过程品质的影响。结果显示,丁香油能抑制丙二醛的生成、总巯基的降低和不饱和脂肪酸的分解,添加丁香油的蟹黄鲜虾酱呈味核苷酸、鲜味氨基酸、甜味氨基酸、游离氨基酸含量和味精当量值显著高于不添加丁香油的蟹黄鲜虾酱。研究表明,在贮藏过程中,丁香油对蟹黄鲜虾酱不仅具有抗脂肪和蛋白质氧化的作用,还能够提高其贮藏稳定性和风味。 相似文献
6.
为探究传统水产加工制品咸干鲅鱼(Scomberomorus niphonius)的风味形成规律,对咸干鲅鱼自然风干不同阶段的水分含量、肌肉硬度值、游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸以及挥发性成分进行了测定.结果表明,鲅鱼自然风干过程中水分含量逐渐减少,肌肉硬度值增大,逐渐形成肉质柔韧、富有嚼劲的特有口感.游离氨基酸总量在风干前期显... 相似文献
7.
为探究不同方式干燥卵形鲳鲹鱼片的风味差异,实验选取冰鲜卵形鲳鲹为原料,采用热风干燥、热泵干燥和冷冻干燥3种方式干制卵形鲳鲹鱼片,分别测定并分析其TBA值、呈味核苷酸含量、游离氨基酸含量和挥发性风味物质等指标。结果显示,干燥后的卵形鲳鲹鱼片中TBA值与K值均显著上升,其中冷冻干燥鱼肉的TBA值仅比冰鲜鱼片增加1.6倍,但热泵干燥和热风干燥则分别增加了5.5和4.5倍。干燥后鱼肉中的总游离氨基酸含量及味精当量较冰鲜卵形鲳鲹鱼片显著降低,其中热风干燥鱼肉的味精当量则下降了50.83%。热泵干燥鱼肉中苦味氨基酸含量和鲜味氨基酸含量分别占总氨基酸含量的19.11%和7.37%,而冷冻干燥组鱼肉中甜味氨基酸相对百分含量最高,为53.62%。3种干燥方式中,热泵干燥卵形鲳鲹的味精当量最高,为4.47谷氨酸钠(MGS)/100 g,表明热泵干燥卵形鲳鲹鱼片的鲜味程度最高。就挥发性风味成分而言,热泵干燥鱼肉酯类和酮类较多,其主要呈现果香味和焙烤坚果味;热风干燥中烃类和芳香类的相对含量约占70%,醛类和酯类相对含量达20%;而冷冻干燥中烃类与芳香类相对含量占到90%以上,醛类和酯类相对含量不足8%,其风味... 相似文献
8.
为探索磷对生长期草鱼肌肉常规营养组成和理化特性,肌肉中游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸和游离脂肪酸组成的影响,实验选择初始体质量为[(256.22±0.60) g]的健康草鱼540尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,分别饲喂含有效磷0.95 (基础饲料组,未添加)、2.46、3.96、5.68、7.10和8.75 g/kg的饲料60 d。结果显示,饲料中适宜水平有效磷显著提高了生长期草鱼肌肉蛋白质、水分、羟脯氨酸、∑氨基酸、∑鲜味氨基酸(UAAs)、∑甜味氨基酸(SAAs)、肌苷酸(IMP)、∑不饱和脂肪酸、∑多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量以及pH0 h和pH12 h,而肌肉剪切力、组织蛋白酶B和L活性、乳酸、饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量显著降低。此外,当饲料中有效磷水平分别增加到3.96和5.68 g/kg时,生长期草鱼肌肉IMP和∑呈味氨基酸(UAAs+SAAs)的滋味活性值(TAV)分别达到最大值。适宜水平有效磷还显著提高了生长期草鱼肌肉PUFA/UFA及n-3 PUFAs/n-6 PUFAs比值。研究表明,适宜水平有效磷提高了生长期草鱼肌肉蛋白质含量、肌肉嫩度、系水力和pH值,增加肌肉呈味氨基酸... 相似文献
9.
Extractive components of live mussels during ice storage for 13 days were investigated to determine changes in the quality of the mussels. The quality of live mussels was estimated using a taste active value (TAV), an equivalent umami concentration (EUC), and a hierarchical cluster analysis heat map, which were calculated from the extractive components. The extractive components with TAV greater than 1 were glutamic acid, alanine, adenosine monophosphate, and succinic acid during the storage period and aspartic acid up to day 10, whereas the TAV of glycine and inosine monophosphate was less than 1 after day 3. EUCs decreased from 4.38 mg MSG/100 g on day 0 to 3.28 mg MSG/100 g on day 13. Based on the cluster analysis of the metabolite composition and viable bacterial counts, ice-cold live mussels were divided into three clusters: I (days 0–1), II (days 3–10), and III (day 13). Considering not only the decrease in TAV and EUC but also the results of the cluster analysis, it is suggested that live mussels maintain high quality up to the 1st day of ice storage, and thereafter, the quality will be reduced gradually during storage on ice.
相似文献10.
以不同收割期的靖海湾条斑紫菜(Pyropia yezoensis)为研究对象,对比分析营养价值并评价其鲜味。通过测定基本营养成分、无机元素组成和氨基酸组成,分析其营养学特征,通过测定游离氨基酸与呈味核苷酸组成,进而计算滋味活性值(Taste active value, TAV)与味精当量(Equivalent umami concentration, EUC)。结果显示,靖海湾条斑紫菜蛋白质含量丰富,头水和二水紫菜的蛋白含量均在49%以上,显著高于四水和六水紫菜(P<0.05)。不同收割期条斑紫菜的脂肪含量较低,均小于1.1%。常量元素中P含量最低,K含量最高,约为2.59×104~5.52×104 mg/kg;微量元素以Fe含量最高,Zn次之,Co最低;Pb含量明显低于GB 2762-2017的限量要求。头水、二水紫菜与四水、六水紫菜的必需氨基酸及氨基酸总量间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。游离谷氨酸和次黄嘌呤核苷酸对条斑紫菜的鲜味起主要贡献作用,头水、二水、四水和六水紫菜的EUC(以干基计)依次降低,分别为239.71、190.03、108.05和51.56 g MSG/100 g。靖海湾条斑紫菜具有较高的营养价值,且收割前期的靖海湾条斑紫菜鲜味度较高,可作为开发调味品的原料。 相似文献
11.
Differences in taste and odour between three kinds of clam with the highest aquacultural production in China were investigated. Meretrix petechialis, Mactra veneriformis and Ruditapes philippinarum (fresh and dried product) were analysed firstly by electronic tongue and electronic nose. Fresh and dried clams could be easily distinguished, and there was little difference between uncooked fresh clams, while greater difference occurred between R. philippinarum and other fresh clams after cooking. The total free amino acid (FAA) content of uncooked clams increased after cooking but decreased in dried clam; the highest proportion was of sweet taste FAAs. Ala, Glu, Arg, 5′‐adenosine monophosphate and 5′‐inosine monophosphate were the most important active taste compounds. The umami intensity order was found to be fresh R. philippinarum, followed by M. petechialis and M. veneriformis, and finally dried R. philippinarum. The greatest number of volatile compounds was found in dried clam, while M. petechialis and M. veneriformis had the most compounds in common. 相似文献
12.
Lei Tang Huan Wang Hongling Wei Chunyu Ye Lizhi Chen Hongzhi Yao Ce Shi Changkao Mu Chunlin Wang 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(1):29-40
In order to reveal the influence of overwintering behaviour on the flavour of Scylla paramamosain, this study selected crabs of before and after overwintering in SM (Sanmen County, Zhejiang Province), HP (Hepu County, Guangxi Province) and WN (Wanning city, Hainan Province). The contents of flavouring‐related substances in hepatopancreas, muscles and gonads were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); taste activity value (TAV) and equivalent umami concentration (EUC) were calculated. The results showed that sweetish amino acids were mainly accumulated in muscles, umami amino acids were mainly accumulated in hepatopancreas, free nucleotides were mainly accumulated in gonads, and the EUC value in gonads was the highest. After overwintering, the content of sweetish, umami amino acids and free nucleotides in muscle and hepatopancreas decreased significantly, while the content of flavour‐tasting amino acids in gonads did not change significantly, but the content of umami nucleotides increased significantly. Therefore, overwintering behaviour decreased the flavour of muscle and hepatopancreas, slightly enhanced gonad and the overall flavour of S. paramamosain before overwintering was better than that after overwintering. 相似文献
13.
Taste effects of oligopeptides in a Vietnamese fish sauce 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
JUNG-NIM PARK KEISHI ISHIDA TAKEHIKO WATANABE KEN-ICHI ENDOH KATSUKO WATANABE MASAHIRO MURAKAMI HIROKI ABE 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):921-928
ABSTRACT: A Vietnamese fish sauce Nuoc mam used in the present study was rich in oligopeptides of which nitrogen content accounted for 20% of total nitrogen. The high-molecular-weight peptide fractions fractionated by ion-exchange chromatographies and ultrafiltration enhanced sweetness and umami as well as sourness and bitterness of the fish sauce, and increased several flavor characteristics including continuity, first taste and aftertaste. Thus, it is apparent that large amounts of peptides produced during the long-term fermentation of fish sauce are responsible for the complicated taste of the sauce. From each fraction, 17 peptides in total were isolated and determined for their amino acid sequences. These di-, tri- and tetra-peptides synthesized by solid- or liquid-phase method gave any one of bitter, sour, umami taste, or practically no taste in the absence of salt. In the presence of 0.3% NaCl, however, almost all peptides showed sweet and umami tastes. Other than these 17 peptides, there existed many other kinds of peptides in the fish sauce. Thus, these peptides are thought to contribute to the overall taste of the fish sauce. 相似文献
14.
Yu-Ru Huang Wan-Yi Huang Hsiao-Chin Jen Bi-Yu Liu Ken-Meng Huang Deng Fwu Hwang 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2020,29(7):693-706
ABSTRACT Variations in the level of quality and extractive nitrogenous components were investigated in the fresh muscle and commercial dried products of rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens collected from Penghu, Taiwan. The respective freshness quality for fresh muscle is as follows: trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), 29.50 mg N/100 g; trimethylamine (TMA), 2.30 mg N/100 g; NH3, 6.61 mg/100 g; total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), 13.32 mg/100 g; aerobic plate count, 1.53 log CFU/g; and K-value, 28.80%. The respective freshness quality for dried products is as follows: TMAO, 43.44 mg N/100 g; TMA, 25.56 mg N/100 g wet wt.; NH3, 52.00 mg/100 g wet wt.; TVBN, 149.98 mg/100 g; aerobic plate count, 4.16 log CFU/g; and K-value, 89.73%. The major fatty acids in the fresh muscle and dried products are C16:0, C18:1 n-9, C18:0, C16:1 C22:6 n-3, and C22:5 n-3. The major nucleotide compound is inosine 5?-monophosphate (IMP) in the fresh muscle (68%) and hypoxanthine (Hx) in the dried products (79%). The level of total free amino acids in the dried products shows significant variation depending on the processing method of the plants. 相似文献
15.
以南极磷虾虾(Euphausia superba)肉糜为原料,通过测定南极磷虾虾肉糜在反复冷冻和解冻过程中ATP及其关联产物、游离氨基酸等的变化,分析冻融循环对虾肉糜滋味成分的影响。结果显示,随着冻融循环次数的增加,南极磷虾虾肉糜的ATP及其关联产物降解加剧,呈鲜味的核苷酸含量逐渐减少,呈苦味的核苷酸含量逐渐增加。1次冻融对应的鲜味苦味比为3.32;2次及以上的冻融循环会造成鲜苦比的显著降低(P<0.05),同时K值迅速增大,表明鲜度发生大幅下降;3次冻融循环后,K值显著增大(P<0.05);4次冻融对应的K值为(86.88±3.58)%,南极磷虾虾肉糜已不新鲜。冻融循环次数的增加导致游离氨基酸总含量增加,鲜味氨基酸和甜味氨基酸比例逐渐减小,苦味氨基酸的比例逐渐增大,导致虾肉糜的滋味进一步劣化。研究表明,冻融循环次数控制在2次以内,可较好地保持南极磷虾虾肉糜的滋味。 相似文献
16.
An “abnormal” female Scylla paramamosain, named “Butter crab” (B_♀) is more popular than wild‐type mud crab (CK) with people. Histologically, “butter crab” ovaries are partially degraded, with full of yellow oily substances in body. Composition of the essential nutritional components is quite similar in “butter crab” and CK. In a comparison of fatty acids, B_♀ is richer. A comparison of flavour amino acids and nucleotide in muscle showed that sweet amino acids and bitter amino acids in B_♀ is lower than CK_♀, but umami amino acids are significantly higher in B_♀. However, the umami amino acid content in the gonads is significantly less in B_♀ than CK_♀. Moreover, umami nucleotides in B_♀ muscle is significantly higher. From the perspective of EUC evaluation, the umami taste of CK_ ♀ gonads is strongest, followed by B_ ♀ gonads. In the hepatopancreas, the umami taste ranks CK_♀> B_♀ >CK_♂, and there are no significant differences among muscles in the three groups. In conclusion, the characteristics of “butter crab” are more fragrant and nutritious, with sweet and umami taste. The article systematically scientifically analysed the nutritional composition and flavour characteristics of “butter crab”, providing a novel insight for development of S. paramamosain industry. 相似文献
17.
Kazufumi Osako Akihiko Fujii Yaowalux Ruttanapornvareesakul Naoki Nagano Koichi Kuwahara Akira Okamoto 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(3):660-667
ABSTRACT: For the purpose of clarifying the differences of taste components between the testis and ovary of the sea urchin Anthocidaris crassispina , variations in free amino acid composition in gonadal extract during gonadal development were investigated using chemical and histopathological methods. Sea urchins were collected at Iki Island, Nagasaki, Japan between 30 April and 5 June 2003, and maturation stages and the free amino acid compositions were determined. The sweet amino acids threonine (Thr), glycine (Gly), and alanine (Ala), the umami amino acid glutamic acid (Glu), and the bitter amino acids lysine (Lys) and arginine (Arg) were the main constituents accounting for more than 80% of total free amino acids. In the testis and ovary, Gly levels were the highest among them and increased with gonadal development. The other free amino acids consisted mainly of bitter amino acids and either showed no variation or decreased with gonadal development. These variations in free amino acid composition were observed more clearly in the ovary than the testis. These findings indicate the possibility of differences in the flavor of sea urchin gonad by sex and gonadal development stages. 相似文献
18.
凡纳滨对虾虾肉和虾头中风味物质的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为充分利用和开发虾头资源从而提高对虾经济附加值,同时探讨熟制对虾类风味产生的影响,以凡纳滨对虾生、熟虾肉和生、熟虾头为研究对象,利用氨基酸自动分析仪、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)和气相色谱—质谱联用法(GC/MS)分别对氨基酸、呈味核苷酸、挥发性物质和营养成分的含量进行检测。结果显示,虾头中的蛋白质含量显著高于虾肉,熟制会使粗蛋白的含量下降,但变化差异不显著;虾头中必需氨基酸(EAA)含量和游离氨基酸总量(TFAA)显著高于虾肉,二者主要游离氨基酸种类相同(甘氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸、丙氨酸和苏氨酸),对虾头呈味有贡献的游离氨基酸种类更丰富;虾头和虾肉中肌苷酸(IMP)含量最高,腺苷酸(AMP)次之,二者的味道强度值(TAV)均大于1,对鲜味贡献较大。GC/MS共检测出88种挥发性物质,虾肉和虾头中分别特有29种和18种,挥发性物质种类和含量的差异形成虾肉和虾头的特殊气味,熟制产生大量的醛类、酮类和芳香类物质。研究表明,凡纳滨对虾虾肉和虾头中营养物质、游离氨基酸、呈味核苷酸、挥发性物质的组成和含量对风味的贡献存在显著差异。 相似文献
19.
De-Wei Chen Jian Su Xiao-Ling Liu Dong-Mei Yan Ying Lin Wei-Ming Jiang 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(4):369-379
Three bivalve mollusks—clam (Meretrix meretrix), oyster (Crassostrea rivularis), and paphia (Paphia papilionacea) from the Beibu Gulf, China—were analyzed for amino acid profile. Essential amino acids were used for nutritional quality evaluation, and free amino acids were used for taste impact evaluation. The amino acid compositions of the mollusks were quite similar; however, the contents of glycine, alanine, and tryptophan were different. Tryptophan seemed to be the limiting amino acid in clam and paphia meat protein. Oyster, on the other hand, seemed to be a source of high quality protein with well-balanced composition in essential amino acid. Glutamic acid, alanine, glycine, and arginine were the major taste-active amino acids found in the mollusks. According to the taste activity values of free amino acids, paphia was assumed to be the best savory food, followed by clam and oyster. 相似文献
20.
Taste-active components in a Vietnamese fish sauce 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
JUNG-NIM PARK TAKEHIKO WATANABE KEN-ICHI ENDOH KATSUKO WATANABE HIROKI ABE 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):913-920
Taste-active components were determined for a typical first-grade Vietnamese fish sauce Nuoc mam , of which total content of extractive compounds reached as high as 20 g/ 100 mL. A complete synthetic extract prepared from 35 compounds according to the analytical data reproduced almost satisfactorily the taste of the original fish sauce. From the synthetic extract, 11 compounds were identified to be the taste-active components by a series of omission and addition tests. The components consisted of glutamic and aspartic acids, threonine, alanine, valine, histidine, proline, tyrosine, cystine, methionine, and pyroglutamic acid. The most effective compound for recreating the characteristic flavor of fish sauce was glutamic acid, followed by pyroglutamic acid and alanine. Many of these components contribute to umami, sweetness, and overall taste of fish sauce. Even though the simplified 11-component extract reproduced the taste of fish sauce, the taste strength was weaker than that of the complete synthetic extract or fish sauce itself. 相似文献