共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ribeiro VL Toigo E Bordignon SA Gonçalves K von Poser G 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,147(1-2):199-203
Laboratory tests were carried out on larvae and adults of the cattle tick Boophilus microplus to determine the toxicity of n-hexane and crude methanolic extracts of Hypericum polyanthemum (Guttiferae) using the larval immersion test (LIT) and adult immersion test (AIT). In the AIT, the effectiveness of treatment against engorged females was assessed by measuring egg production: the n-hexane extract was found to have a small effect on the egg laying at the highest concentration (19.2% of egg-laying inhibition) whilst the crude methanolic extract did not affect the egg production. For the LIT the n-hexane extracts were highly toxic to the larvae at all the concentrations (100% of mortality). The crude methanolic extract was also toxic to the larvae at higher concentrations killing 100, 96.7, 84.7 and 52.7% at the concentrations of 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively, 48 h after the immersion of the acarus. 相似文献
2.
试验旨在通过日粮中添加中药复方研究其对慢性热应激状态下蛋鸡的血液生化指标的影响,并对其调控机制作初步的探讨。本试验选用60周龄海兰褐蛋鸡250只,随机分为5组,每组50只,试验1~4组日粮中分别添加1%中药复方1、1%中药复方2、1%中药复方3、0.04%维生素C,第5组为空白对照组。分别在试验期的第14、28、42、56天检测蛋鸡血清中钙、磷、钠、钾离子浓度。试验结果显示,3种中药复方都可以使血清中钙、磷、钠、钾4种离子的浓度升高,有此可见中药复方可维持机体的血液生化指标稳定,提高血清中钙、磷、钠、钾含量,提高机体的热耐力,而且中药复方的效果优于维生素C。 相似文献
3.
M.G. Prado-Ochoa M.A. Muñoz-Guzmán V.H. Abrego-Reyes A.M. Velázquez-Sánchez M. Lara-Rocha C. Cuenca-Verde E. Angeles F. Alba-Hurtado 《Veterinary parasitology》2013
The effect of carbamates on engorged female Rhipicephalus microplus ticks and larvae was evaluated using the adult immersion test (AIT) and the larval packet test (LPT), respectively. Seventeen synthetic carbamates different from current commercial acaricides were synthesised at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. None of the carbamates had an effect on the percentage of females laying eggs. Six of the compounds inhibited egg laying up to 65.4% and inhibited egg hatching by up to 100% (p < 0.05). Compared to untreated females, eggs produced by treated females had a dark, dry, opaque appearance and were less adherent. Carbamates LQM 934 and LQM 938 had an effect on larval mortality (p < 0.05). Carbamate LQM 934 showed lethal concentrations (LC) of LC90 = 0.76% and LC99 = 0.87%, while LQM 938 showed concentrations of LC90 = 0.267% and LC99 = 0.305%. The compounds were distributed into three classes of acaricidal activity using the AIT or the LPT. These three classes were as follows: (1) compounds having no apparent effect; (2) compounds that inhibit egg laying and embryo development or (3) compounds that exhibit acaricidal activity to larval ticks. 相似文献
4.
试验旨在研究发酵中草药对京红蛋鸡产蛋后期生产性能、血清生化指标和脂代谢的影响。选取体重相近、饲养管理水平一致的54周龄京红蛋鸡480只,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复60只蛋鸡。对照组蛋鸡饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加4 g/kg发酵中草药。预试期10 d,正式试验期56 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡产蛋率显著提高(P<0.05),蛋黄比例及蛋壳强度极显著升高(P<0.01),蛋白比例及蛋黄胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。与对照组相比,试验组蛋鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白及钙含量极显著升高(P<0.01),血清总胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01),肝脏总胆固醇含量极显著降低(P<0.01),低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯含量及肝脏指数显著降低(P<0.05),肝脏高密度脂蛋白含量极显著升高(P<0.01)。试验表明,京红蛋鸡产蛋后期饲粮中添加4 g/kg发酵中草药可以提高京红蛋鸡产蛋后期的产蛋率,改善蛋品质和脂代谢能力。 相似文献
5.
Hernández-Villegas MM Borges-Argáez R Rodriguez-Vivas RI Torres-Acosta JF Méndez-Gonzalez M Cáceres-Farfan M 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,179(1-3):100-106
The development of anthelmintic resistance has impacted on the success of conventional anthelmintics (AH) for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing/browsing sheep and goats. Medicinal plants from the traditional herbolary in Mexico may provide new candidates that can be explored as alternative sources of AHs for ruminants. This study evaluated the leaf extracts derived from Phytolacca icosandra against infective L(3) larvae and eggs from Haemonchus contortus collected from sheep. Three extracts of different polarities were obtained from the leaf plants using ethanol, n-hexane and dichloromethane as the solvents. The effectiveness of the in vitro AH activity of the plant extracts was evaluated using larval migration inhibition (LMI) and egg hatch (EHA) assays. For the LMI assays, the ethanolic extract of P. icosandra showed 55.4% inhibition of larval migration at 2mg/mL (p<0.05). The dichloromethane extract of P. icosandra showed 67.1% inhibition of migration at 3mg/mL (p<0.05) and a dose-dependent response with an LD(50) of 0.90 mg/mL. The n-hexane extract failed to show inhibition of larval migration at any concentration explored. In the EHA for the ethanol extract, the lowest concentration tested (0.15 mg/mL) resulted in inhibition of egg hatching greater than 72.6%. Therefore, the LD(50) could not be calculated for this extract. The LD(50) of the dichloromethane extract of P. icosandra was 0. 28 mg/mL. An egg hatch inhibition greater than 90% was observed with both the ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts when using a concentration of 0.90 mg/mL or higher. The n-hexane extract failed to show egg hatch inhibition at any concentration tested. The AH activity reported for P. icosandra could be attributable to the flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, coumarins and/or saponins that were present in the ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts. A combination of more than one component may also explain the observed AH activity against the H. contortus life stages that were evaluated. In conclusion, the ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts of P. icosandra showed clear in vitro AH activity against the H. contortus eggs and the L(3) larvae. However, the hexanic extract of the plant leaves failed to show any in vitro AH activity. 相似文献
6.
试验旨在研究益生菌-中草药复方制剂对蛋鸡输卵管组织、生产性能及蛋品质的影响。选取体质优良的45周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡720只,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复60只。对照组饲喂不含抗生素的基础日粮,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加1.0‰中草药组方一(败酱草、蒲公英、板蓝根、连翘等)、1.0‰中草药组方二(金银花、黄芪、淫羊藿、益母草等)和1.0‰中草药组方三(大青叶、黄柏、黄芩、栀子等),且各试验组均添加1.5‰复合益生菌。预试期7 d,正试期28 d。结果表明:①益生菌-中草药复方制剂能修复蛋鸡受损的输卵管组织,减少输卵管与周围组织的黏连,使输卵管保持通畅性,降低蛋鸡输卵管组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)含量,尤以Ⅱ组效果最好,分别较对照组降低40.85%和17.79%,差异显著(P<0.05);②与对照组相比,Ⅱ组可显著提高蛋鸡产蛋率(P<0.05),显著降低料蛋比和软破蛋率(P<0.05);③与对照组相比,Ⅱ组可显著提高48和50周龄蛋鸡的蛋形指数和蛋黄比率(P<0.05)。由此可知,日粮中添加益生菌-中草药复方制剂能在一定程度上减轻蛋鸡输卵管炎症反应,提高产蛋率,改善蛋品质,其中以Ⅱ组益生菌和金银花、黄芪、淫羊藿、益母草等中草药联合使用效果最好。 相似文献
7.
8.
文章旨在评估不同饲养方式对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响。试验选择产蛋性能接近的22周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡540只,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复36只。笼养组蛋鸡采用三层阶梯饲养（0.6 m2/只）,网上平养组蛋鸡在金属网丝上饲养（1.5 m2/只）,垫料平养组在平铺20 cm稻壳的水泥地板上平养（1.8 m2/只）。试验共开展28周,包括2周的适应期。结果：网上平养和垫料平养组24～36 w和24～29 w蛋鸡平均日采食量较笼养组蛋鸡分别显著提高5.71%、6.22%和4.81%、4.48%（P＜0.05）。此外,垫料平养组24～36 w和24～49 w蛋鸡的料重比较笼养组分别显著提高7.31%和4.09%（P＜0.05）。在36 w时,垫料平养组鸡蛋的蛋壳强度最高,脏蛋率最低（P＜0.05）。在49 w时,笼养组鸡蛋的蛋壳厚度最低（P＜0.05）,脏蛋率最高（P＜0.05）。笼养组蛋鸡血清葡萄糖、甘油三酯、总蛋白和胆固醇浓度均最高（P＜0.05）,但高密度脂蛋白浓度最低（P＜0.05）。结论：网上平养和垫料平养可以提高蛋鸡采食量,但笼养蛋鸡的饲料效率表现最佳。此外,垫料平养提高了鸡蛋的蛋壳强度和蛋壳厚度,降低了破蛋率。 相似文献
9.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(8)
本试验旨研究桑枝叶提取物对蛋鸡生产性能、血清免疫指标与抗氧化能力的影响。选择324只47周龄体重相近、健康、采食正常的罗曼粉蛋鸡,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复27只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.2%、0.4%、0.8%的桑枝叶提取物。预试期7 d,正试期57 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,日粮中添加0.2%、0.4%和0.8%的桑枝叶提取物均可降低次蛋率(P<0.05),均可提高蛋鸡血清免疫球蛋白G含量(P<0.05);添加0.4%和0.8%桑枝叶提取物均可提高产蛋率、血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子和总抗氧化能力(P<0.05),可降低料蛋比和血清丙二醛含量(P<0.05);添加0.8%桑枝叶提取物可显著提高蛋鸡血清白细胞介素-1和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶含量(P<0.05)。结果提示,日粮中添加0.4%和0.8%桑枝叶提取物可提高蛋鸡的总体生产性能,可以显著降低次蛋率,同时对蛋鸡机体的免疫功能和抗氧化能力均有一定的增强效果;但考虑到添加成本,建议蛋鸡日粮中桑枝叶提取物最佳添加量为0.4%。 相似文献
10.
本试验通过在种鸡的基础饲粮中加入肌苷酸（IMP）来研究其对种鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质和种蛋孵化性能的影响。选择遗传背景相同、体重相近,产蛋率达到5%的20周龄健康AA种鸡864羽,随机分为2组（对照组饲喂基础饲粮;试验组饲喂基础饲粮＋0.5%肌苷酸）,每组6个重复,每个重复72羽,试验期30 d。测定试验期间所有种蛋的平均蛋重、产蛋率和合格蛋率;每组随机选取部分种蛋进行蛋品质测定;于孵化开始第17天,通过照蛋处理统计种蛋受精率,第21天出雏时,计算受精蛋孵化率、入孵蛋孵化率和健雏率。试验结果表明：与对照组相比,试验组种鸡的平均蛋重、产蛋率和合格蛋率均有升高的趋势,但差异不显著（P>0.05）;蛋形指数显著升高（P<0.05）,蛋壳强度、蛋壳厚度和蛋黄颜色显著降低（P<0.05）;受精率、受精蛋孵化率和入孵蛋孵化率显著升高（P<0.05）,健雏率和雏鸡体重有升高的趋势,但差异不显著（P>0.05）。综上,0.5%外源肌苷酸对种鸡的产蛋性能和种蛋孵化性能均有促进作用。 相似文献
11.
12.
试验选择体质良好41周龄的罗曼褐壳蛋鸡945只,分成5组,每组3个重复,每个重复63只。Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组为试验组,分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%中草药A(党参、当归、虎板、菟丝子、益母草、大蒜素、多维等)、0.1%中草药B(当归、甘草(浆)、干姜、知母、多维等)、0.1%中草药C(水牛角、石膏、黄连、牡开皮、秸秆、甘草、连翅、知母)和0.1%中草药D(穿心莲、苦参、板蓝根、甘草、恩诺少量),预试期7 d,正试期56 d,研究不同复方中草药添加剂对蛋鸡生产性能的影响。结果显示,44周龄末,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组产蛋率比对照组分别提高0.92%(P<0.05)和0.78%(P<0.05);49周龄末,对照组产蛋率显著低于各试验组(P<0.05),且试验Ⅱ组蛋重显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。提示,复方中草药添加剂显著改善了蛋鸡的平均产蛋率、平均蛋重和死淘率,其中以试验Ⅱ组配方效果较好。 相似文献
13.
联合使用发酵饲料和发酵中草药微生态制剂替代饲用抗生素对蛋鸡的影响与研究 《畜牧与饲料科学》2018,39(11):27-30
旨在研究联合使用发酵饲料和发酵中草药微生态制剂替代饲用抗生素对蛋鸡的影响,选取304日龄的海兰灰蛋鸡为试验对象,随机分为对照组和试验组,对照组饲喂基础日粮＋2kg／t氨苄西林,试验组饲喂基础日粮＋3％发酵饲料＋3kg／t发酵中草药制剂。结果表明,试验组在粪便成形度方面明显好于对照组,试验第46天、第175天产蛋率显著提高（P〈0．05）;试验第175天,试验组死淘率及破蛋率与对照组相比,分别降低了25．00％、18．05％,蛋黄颜色差异显著（P〈0．01）,鸡蛋的禽流感H9抗体水平和新城疫抗体水平显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。发酵饲料和发酵中草药微生态制剂联合使用,在蛋鸡养殖中可以达到抗生素使用的效果。 相似文献
14.
Effects of Chinese herbal mixture on performance,egg quality and blood biochemical parameters of laying hens 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 X. L. Li Z. B. Wang T. S. Xu 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2016,100(6):1041-1049
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Chinese herbal mixture (CHM) in laying hen diets on performance, egg quality and egg nutrition components, as well as selected blood biochemical parameters. A total of 270 Lohmann Brown laying hens, 24 week of age, were randomly distributed into three dietary treatments and fed for 6 week. The CHM was used at the levels of 0%, 0.5% and 1.0% in the diets of the control and two treatment groups respectively. Each dietary treatment was divided into five replicates, comprising of 18 hens each. Hens were housed in a 3‐tier battery system. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Blood samples and eggs were collected at the end of the experiment. The results showed that dietary treatments did not affect egg weight, mortality, eggshell thickness, albumen height, Haugh units, eggshell‐breaking strength and egg‐shape index. Dietary supplementation of CHM significantly improved (p < 0.05) laying rate and the lowest feed conversion ratio were observed with 1.0% CHM supplementation diets. CHM supplementation decreased (p < 0.05) cracked‐egg rate, egg yolk cholesterol, blood serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and increased blood serum levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C). No differences in serum total protein, serum albumen, serum glucose and aspartate amino transferase (AST) were observed in hens fed CHM. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with CHM improved egg production and egg quality and reduced serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens. Dietary supplementation of 1.0% CHM in layer diets may be a feasible means of producing eggs with lower cholesterol and higher egg yolk phospholipid contents for health conscious consumers. 相似文献
15.
Alawa CB Adamu AM Gefu JO Ajanusi OJ Abdu PA Chiezey NP Alawa JN Bowman DD 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,113(1):73-81
Vernonia amygdalina and Annona senegalensis, two plants used by local/smallholder livestock farmers in Nigeria as anthelmintic were screened for in vitro anthelmintic activity using Haemonchus contortus eggs. The extract of V. amygdalina did not show any significant activity at concentrations up to 11.2mg/ml. The extract of A. senegalensis showed significant (P<0.001) reduction in egg hatch at a concentration of 7.1mg/ml. The in vitro fecal culture of eggs with A. senegalensis showed significant (P<0.001) reductions in larval recovery with increasing concentrations from 1 to 10% ((w/w) in fecal culture) when whole ground plant material was used. Although traditional veterinary healers and local livestock farmers claim both plants are effective as anthelmintics, our result indicate that only A. senegalensis showed promising anthelmintic activity especially with use of ground whole plant materials as used by some farmers. 相似文献
16.
选择756羽开产50周左右的罗曼蛋鸡,随机均分7组,对照组使用船牌公司配合饲料,试验1～6组分别添加7.5%、8.0%、8.5%、9.0%、9.5%和10.0%的双低菜籽粕,进行饲养试验与生长测定,探索改善蛋鸡生产性能与蛋品质含量的双低菜籽饼(粕)最佳使用量,为充分利用贵州省丰富的菜籽饼(粕)资源奠定基础。结果显示,日粮中添加10%以下的双低菜籽粕对蛋鸡的采食、生长性能、蛋的性状均无不良影响,反而会提高蛋鸡的产蛋率,增加蛋重、降低料蛋比,其中试验4组的料蛋比(2.30)最低,平均日采食量也较低,平均蛋重较重,产蛋率也偏高。研究表明,蛋鸡日粮中添加9.0%双低菜籽粕对提高蛋鸡生长性能与产蛋性能具有良好效果。 相似文献
17.
文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平人参提取物对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质及血清生化指标的影响。试验选择产蛋性能一致的450只海兰褐壳蛋鸡,随机分为3组,每组5个重复,每个重复30只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组分别在基础日粮中添加0.04%和0.08%人参提取物,试验共进行6周。结果：与对照组相比,0.04%和0.08%人参提取物组产蛋率分别显著提高10.21%和8.77%（P＜0.05）,平均蛋重分别显著提高11.68%和9.07%（P＜0.05）。0.04%人参提取物组料蛋比较对照组显著降低6.51%（P＜0.05）,蛋壳颜色较对照组显著提高26.50%（P＜0.05）。对照组血清胆固醇浓度较处理组分别显著提高52.02%和58.32%（P＜0.05）。0.04%人参提取物组血清超氧化物歧化酶活性较对照组显著提高30.50%（P＜0.05）。0.04%和0.08%人参提取物组血清IgG和IgM浓度较对照组分别显著提高53.47%、60.72%和36.44%、42.43%（P＜0.05）。与对照组相比,0.04%和0.08%人参提取物组盲肠乳酸杆菌含量分别显著提高15.13%和12.82%（P＜0.05）。结论：在本试验条件下,日粮添加0.4?g/kg人参提取物可以提高蛋鸡饲料效率和蛋壳颜色。
[关键词]人参提取物|蛋鸡|产蛋性能|蛋品质|血清生化 相似文献
18.
本文旨在研究菊苣提取物对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质、肠道菌群、血清胆同醇和卵黄胆同醇的影响.300只尼克红蛋鸡随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只,各组日粮中分别添加0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%的菊苣提取物和1.0%的菊粉,试验进行4周.结果表明:与对照相比,不同水平的菊苣提取物或菊粉对蛋鸡产蛋率、蛋重、采食量、料蛋比、破蛋率、蛋黄重、蛋壳厚度和哈氏单位没有显著影响(P>0.05),但能显著降低鸡蛋胆固醇浓度(mg/g蛋黄)和含量(mg/蛋黄)(P<0.05),1.5%菊苣提取物添加组的动脉粥样硬化指数显著降低(P<0.05);日粮添加菊苣提取物或菊粉显著降低蛋鸡盲肠大肠杆菌数量和pH(P<0.05),1.5%菊苣提取物添加组和菊粉添加组显著增加盲肠双歧杆菌数量(P<0.05);鸡蛋胆固醇含量和盲肠大肠杆菌数量随菊苣提取物添加水平的增加线性降低(r=-0.957和r=-0.977)(P<0.05).结论:本试验在蛋鸡日粮中添加菊苣提取物或菊粉能显著降低鸡蛋胆固醇和盲肠有害菌(大肠杆菌)的数量,且不影响蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质.故在蛋鸡日粮中添加菊苣提取物或菊粉可为生产低胆同醇鸡蛋提供一条途径. 相似文献
19.
试验旨在研究日粮中添加合生元对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及经济效益的影响。选用1080只265日龄的正大褐蛋鸡,随机分为6个处理组,每个处理组6个重复,每个重复30只。试验1组为对照组,饲喂玉米—豆粕型基础日粮,试验2~6组在基础日粮中分别添加0.05%、0.1%、0.2%、0.5%和1%合生元,试验期为60 d。结果表明,与对照组相比,试验3、4和5组料蛋比分别降低了6.96(P<0.05)、7.33%(P<0.05)和8.06%(P<0.05),产蛋率分别提高4.05%(P<0.05)、3.54%(P<0.05)和6.17%(P<0.05);试验5组的蛋壳厚度、蛋壳色泽、蛋壳强度和哈氏单位分别提高了5.85%(P<0.05)、6.50%(P<0.05)、15.49%(P<0.05)和2.52%(P<0.05)。因此,0.5%合生元在改善蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质方面具有显著的效果。 相似文献
20.
Evaluation of anthelmintic effects of Trianthema (T.) portulacastrum L. (Aizoaceae) whole plant and Musa (M.) paradisiaca L. (Musaceae) leaves against prevalent gastrointestinal worms of sheep was done that may justify their traditional use in veterinary clinical medicine. In vitro anthelmintic activity of the crude aqueous methanolic extract (CAME) of both the plants was determined using mature female Haemonchus (H.) contortus and their eggs in adult motility assay (AMA) and egg hatch test (EHT), respectively. In vivo anthelmintic activity of crude powder (CP) and CAME in increasing doses (1.0-8.0 g kg(-1)) was determined in sheep naturally infected with mixed species of nematodes using fecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and larval counts. The study design also included untreated as well as treated controls. Fecal egg count reduction and larval counts from coprocultures were performed pre- and post-treatments to assess the anthelmintic activity of the plants. CAME of T. portulacastrum and M. paradisiaca showed a strong in vitro anthelmintic activity and pronounced inhibitory effects on H. contortus egg hatching as observed through AMA and EHT, respectively. Both plants exhibited dose and time dependent anthelmintic effects on live worms as well as egg hatching. M. paradisiaca (LC(50)=2.13 μg mL(-1)) was found to be more potent than T. portulacastrum (LC(50)=2.41 μg mL(-1)) in EHT. However, in vivo, maximum reduction in eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces was recorded as 85.6% and 80.7% with CAME of T. portulacastrum and M. paradisiaca at 8.0 g kg(-1) on 15th day post-treatment, respectively as compared to that of Levamisole (7.5 mg kg(-1)) that caused 97.0% reduction in EPG. All the species of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs), i.e. Haemonchus contortus, Trichostronglyus spp., Oesophagostomum columbianum and Trichuris ovis which were prevalent, found susceptible (P<0.01) to the different doses of CP and CAME of both plants. The data showed that both T. portulacastrum and M. paradisiaca possess strong anthelmintic activity in vitro and in vivo, thus, justifying their use in the traditional medicine system of Pakistan. 相似文献