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1.
Wambura PN 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(2):149-152
The efficacy of green-coloured (GC) I-2 Newcastle disease vaccine was determined in the present study. I-2 vaccine was mixed
with a green coloured dye and stored at 4°C for 6 months while assayed for the virus infectivity at a monthly interval. Chickens
were vaccinated with the GC vaccine by eye drop. Serum samples were collected from all birds before and after vaccination
at weekly interval for 4 weeks and tested for haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibody against Newcastle disease virus (NDV). These chickens were challenged with NDV virulent strain four weeks after vaccination. The results showed that there
was no difference between the infectivity titres of GC and uncoloured vaccines. However, chickens vaccinated with GC vaccine
produced higher HI antibody titres than chickens vaccinated with uncoloured vaccine. Results from the challenge trial showed
that all vaccinated chickens survived whereas all unvaccinated chickens died. The findings from this study have shown that
the GC vaccine is safe and produced protective antibodies against NDV in vaccinated chickens.
Wambura, P. N., 2008. Protective antibody response produced by the chickens vaccinated with green coloured thermostable Newcastle
disease virus. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 相似文献
2.
强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗Ⅰ型的田间试验 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
本文报道了强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗Ⅰ型对AA肉用仔鸡的田间免疫效果，马杜霉素或地克珠利作为对照药物；另一组以不用任何抗球虫药物作为对照。实验显示，与马杜霉素相比，使用强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗Ⅰ型后，AA肉用仔鸡在增重、饲料效率和成活率方面的优势；与地克珠利相比，使用强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗Ⅰ型后，AA肉用仔鸡在增重和饲料效率方面，效果相当，但成活率高1％；与不用抗球虫药物组相比，使用强效艾美耳牌鸡球虫苗Ⅰ型后，鸡群在增重、饲料效率、成活率方面，均有显著优势。 相似文献
3.
IG BELL PJ NICHOLLS C. NORMAN AINI IDERIS† GM CROSS† 《Australian veterinary journal》1991,68(3):97-101
Meat chickens housed on a commercial broiler farm in Australia were vaccinated once at 10 to 11 days-of-age by aerosol with live V4 Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. Groups of vaccinated and unvaccinated birds were flown to Malaysia, where they were challenged with a virulent strain of NDV. Survival rates in vaccinated chickens challenged 7, 14, 21 or 31 d after vaccination were 0.47, 0.77, 0.97 and 0.92, respectively. All unvaccinated chickens died due to Newcastle disease (ND) following challenge. Chickens in Australia and Malaysia were bled and the serums tested for haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody to NDV. Many vaccinated birds with no detectable antibody, and all birds with a log2 titre of 2 or greater, survived challenge. The results showed that this V4 vaccine induced protective immunity in a significant proportion of chickens within 7 d of mass aerosol vaccination. This early immunity occurred in the absence of detectable circulating HI antibody. Non-HI antibody mediated immunity continued to provide protection up to 31 d after vaccination. Almost all vaccinated birds were protected within 3 w of vaccination. It is concluded that the V4 vaccine is efficacious and could be useful during an outbreak of virulent ND in Australia. 相似文献
4.
Layer chickens on a commercial started pullet farm were vaccinated once at 31 to 52 days of age by drinking water or aerosol with live V4 Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine. Flockmates which had been rehoused in laboratory isolation pens shortly beforehand were similarly vaccinated. Samples of birds were bled at intervals and the serums tested for haemagglutination inhibiting antibody to NDV. Log2 mean titres of up to 4.88 and assumed protection levels (based on the percentage of birds with log2 titres of 4 or greater) of up to 81%, were obtained in the field trials within 4 weeks of vaccination. A subsequent laboratory trial further compared the response of different breeds of chicken to different routes of vaccination. Differences were observed between breeds, routes of vaccination, and parallel field and laboratory trials. The results show that this V4 vaccine can produce an adequate serological response following mass vaccination of Australian layer pullets housed under commercial conditions, and that care should be exercised in extrapolating results obtained under laboratory conditions. 相似文献
5.
The novel vaccination technique for feral pigeons was developed in the present study. Multi-age feral pigeons were vaccinated
orally with Newcastle disease (ND) strain I-2 vaccine coated on oiled rice. The results showed that 14 days after vaccination
40% of pigeons seroconverted with HI GMT of ≥3 log2 whereas 28 days after vaccination the seroconversion rate of these birds reached 100%. Moreover, all vaccinated pigeons survived
the challenge of virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The findings from the present study indicated that the use of ND (strain I-2) vaccine in feral pigeons is feasible
and resulted into the production of protective antibody response. Thus ND I-2 vaccine may prevent the spread of NDV to other
birds particularly chickens. Furthermore the use of oral vaccine in feral multi-age pigeons overcomes the difficulty of catching
these birds for individual vaccination. 相似文献
6.
Two infectious bursal disease vaccines were administered to separate groups of maternally immune and susceptible chickens at various ages. Vaccine B caused no damage to the bursae of chickens examined histologically at nine and 20 days after vaccination. The bursae of chickens given vaccine A were shown to be severely damaged when similarly examined. Both vaccines protected all the susceptible groups against challenge, but only vaccine A protected the groups of maternally immune chickens. Susceptible chickens vaccinated at one day of age with vaccine A showed a lowered response to Hitchner B1 Newcastle disease vaccine given at 14 days of age, judged by the haemagglutination-inhibition response and Newcastle disease challenge. The performance of the Newcastle disease vaccine was not affected in chickens given vaccine B. Bedding used by birds given vaccine A was shown to be capable of transmitting vaccinal virus to susceptible chickens, causing severe bursal damage. 相似文献
7.
Conventional Newcastle disease vaccines are not suitable for application to village chickens in tropical countries of Asia. Trials with food-based vaccines are being initiated and the following experiments were performed to evaluate oral vaccination with Newcastle disease virus. Experimental chickens were vaccinated orally with the avirulent V4 strain of Newcastle disease virus and haemagglutination-inhibition antibody responses were measured. V4 virus was introduced into the crop by tube and total faecal output was collected daily and assayed for Newcastle disease virus. Virus was recovered on Days 5 and 6 after vaccination from most chickens that had received 10(7.4) and 10(6.4) 50% egg-infectious doses (EID50) of virus. There was no recovery of virus from birds receiving a lower dose of vaccine. Groups of chickens kept in cages with wire floors were given various doses of vaccine into the crop. Higher antibody titres were achieved with higher doses of virus. This dose responsiveness was not observed when various doses of vaccine were presented on food pellets and the groups of chickens were kept on concrete floors. Similar antibody responses were then seen with nominal doses of 10(5.2) and 10(8.2) EID50 per bird, possibly as a result of excretion and re-ingestion of the vaccine virus. Spread of the vaccine virus was demonstrated when control chickens and chickens receiving 10(7.7) EID50 of V4 virus on food pellets were housed together on a concrete floor. Similar antibody titres were achieved in both vaccinated and in-contact chickens. 相似文献
8.
Meat chickens on commercial broiler farms were vaccinated once at 1 to 15 days of age with a live V4 Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine administered by drinking water, aerosol or coarse spray. Hatchmates were housed and similarly vaccinated in laboratory isolation pens. Samples of birds were bled at weekly to fortnightly intervals and the serums tested for haemagglutination inhibiting antibody to NDV. Log2 mean titres of up to 6.26, and assumed protection levels (based on the percentage of birds with log2 titres of 4 or greater) of up to 89%, were obtained in field trials within 4 weeks of vaccination. Differences were observed between the results obtained from parallel field and laboratory trials. The presence of maternal NDV antibody reduced the response to vaccination. The results show that this V4 vaccine can produce an adequate serological response following mass administration to Australian meat chickens housed under commercial conditions. 相似文献
9.
Development of a virosome vaccine for Newcastle disease virus 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
In an effort to protect chickens against Newcastle disease (ND), a nonreplicating virosome vaccine was produced by solubilization of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with Triton X-100 followed by detergent removal with SM2 Bio-Beads. Biochemical analysis indicated that the NDV virosomes had similar characteristics as the parent virus and contained both the fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase proteins. To target the respiratory tract, specific-pathogen-free chickens were immunized intranasally and intratracheally with the NDV virosome vaccine. This vaccine was compared with a standard NDV (LaSota) live-virus vaccine for commercial poultry. Seroconversion (> or = four fold increase in hemagglutination inhibition [HI] antibody titers) was achieved in all birds vaccinated with the virosome vaccine. Upon lethal challenge with a velogenic NDV strain (Texas GB), all birds receiving either vaccination method were protected against death. Antibody levels against NDV, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and HI titer, were comparable with either vaccine and increased after virus challenge. These results demonstrate the potential of virosomes as an effective tool for ND vaccination. 相似文献
10.
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the Marek's Disease Virus-1 vaccine (strain BH 16) from field studies in comparison with the CVI 988 Rispens vaccine currently available in Australia. STUDY DESIGN: A small field trial was carried out on nine breeder flocks and a larger trial on 21 breeder flocks. All chickens were obtained from a commercial hatchery and each was vaccinated at hatch with cell-associated Herpes Virus of Turkeys vaccine. A group of chickens vaccinated with BH 16 vaccine was placed in one shed per property and the remainder were vaccinated with the Rispens vaccine and placed in the remaining sheds. At 25, 30, 35, and 40 weeks after hatch, the field veterinarian or farm manager examined all birds dying on two consecutive days in the designated placement sheds. RESULTS: In the small trial there was a significantly lower incidence of MD in birds vaccinated with the MDV-1 vaccine compared with the Rispens vaccine (P < 0.001). In a larger trial there was no difference in the incidence of MD between the treatment groups, due possibly to a lower rate of natural challenge. Egg production results and average weekly mortality results for both groups were similar. CONCLUSION: The present study describes an attenuated type 1 MD vaccine which is at least equivalent to a vaccine derived from the CVI 988 Rispens strain in terms of safety and efficacy when used in combination with HVT vaccine. 相似文献
11.
鸽新城疫油乳剂灭活苗的研制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文报导了一种源自病鸽的鸽新城疫病毒ＱＬ株制备的灭活油乳剂疫苗。以此种疫苗接种后,接种鸽均正常无任何病症,接种疫苗获得保护能抵抗鸽新城疫病毒株攻击的鸽子数多于接种ＬａＳｏｔａ油乳剂疫苗的鸽子。已在野外以此种疫苗接种了大量的鸽子,效果满意 相似文献
12.
A Caryospora species vaccine was prepared and used in an attempt to prevent infection and associated morbidity in falcons. A blind field trial was conducted, involving a vaccinated group of 20 birds and two control groups of seven and four birds, which were subsequently challenged with a live mixed-species vaccine. There was a statistically significant reduction in morbidity and shedding of oocysts in the vaccinated group compared with the control groups. 相似文献
13.
Samples of artesian well, shallow well, surface water, tap water, and bottled water were collected from different areas in
Khartoum; these were chemically analyzed and used as diluents to vaccinate chicks against Newcastle disease. Immune response
in vaccinated chicks, as measured by the hemagglutination inhibition test, was significantly better in birds which received
the vaccine diluted in bottled water followed by those vaccinated using tap water. It appears that water with low turbidity
and total dissolved solids were the best water for vaccine dilution. The order of preference of water source, according to
this study was bottled water, tap water, shallow well water, artesian well water, and finally surface water. 相似文献
14.
Bwala DG Clift S Duncan NM Bisschop SP Oludayo FF 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(1):520-528
The control of Newcastle disease (ND) in South Africa has proved difficult since 2002 following the introduction of lineage 5d/VIId Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain ("goose paramyxovirus" - GPMV) to which commercially available ND vaccines appeared less effective. Most of the ND infections, even in fully vaccinated hens were characterized consistently by a drop in egg production. In this study, commercial and SPF hens-in-lay were vaccinated with La Sota vaccine and challenged with a GPMV isolate. Immunohistochemical labeling was used to determine the distribution of viral antigen in the oviduct of the hens. Following reports that cloacal vaccination offered better protection against egg production losses than the oro-nasal route, the efficacy of cloacal and ocular routes of vaccination against challenge were compared. Results showed that La Sota vaccine offered birds 100% protection against the virulent ND (GPMV) virus challenge from clinical disease and death, but not against infection and replication of the GPMV, as birds showed varying degrees of macropathology. Histopathology of the oviduct of infected birds revealed multifocal lymphocytic inflammation in the interstitium as well as mild glandular ectasia and mild edema. Finely granular NDV-specific immunolabeling was demonstrated in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells and mononuclear (lymphohistiocytic) cells in the interstitium of the oviduct. Both vaccine and virulent GPMV showed greatest tropism for the uterus (versus the magnum and isthmus). There was no clear difference in the protection of the oviduct and in the distribution of oviductal GPMV antigens between the two routes of vaccination. 相似文献
15.
Zorman Rojs O Krapež U Slavec B Juršič-Cizerl R Poljanec T 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2011,59(3):385-398
A field study was performed to determine the efficacy of three commercially available vaccines against infectious bursal disease (IBD) in commercial broilers raised in a high IBD virus (IBDV) risk area. Live attenuated intermediate and intermediate plus vaccines were used in four flocks. Birds were vaccinated orally at the estimated vaccination time. Three broiler flocks were vaccinated subcutaneously with a turkey herpesvirus (HVT)-IBD vector vaccine at one day old. Evaluation of the efficacy of different vaccines was focused on humoral immune response, bursa/body weight (B/Bw) ratio, molecular detection of IBDV in ileocaecal tonsils and bursa of Fabricius, and production parameters. The serological results showed that although the uptake of all three vaccine strains was confirmed in the lymphoid organs, no significant antibody response to vaccination was detected in flocks vaccinated with intermediate and intermediate plus vaccines. A significant increase in antibody titres detected in flocks vaccinated with the vector vaccine indicated its ability to induce an immune response in birds with a high level of maternally derived antibodies. Observations obtained in this field trial did not confirm the expected reduction of the B/Bw ratio in flocks vaccinated with less attenuated vaccines. No significant differences were observed between birds vaccinated with the vector vaccine and those immunised with the intermediate plus vaccine. Very virulent IBDV was confirmed in the flock vaccinated with the intermediate vaccine. The infection induced reduced B/Bw and moderate mortality but did not affect the production parameters. Field infection was not detected in broilers vaccinated with the intermediate plus vaccine and the vector vaccine. 相似文献
16.
Equal numbers of day old White Rock and Nigerian indigenous male chicks were reared to 10 weeks of age under 4 variables consisting of 2 dietary regimes and 2 regimes of immunity (natural versus vaccinal) to Newcastle disease challenge. Although White Rock grew significantly faster, ate more food and tended to be more efficient in feed utilisation than the indigenous chicks, the mortality of the latter was significantly lower. Growth rate and feed intake were significantly greater, feed efficiency better and prechallenge mortality lower in birds fed on the higher crude protein diet. Prechallenge mortality was significantly lower in birds that had been vaccinated against Newcastle disease. 相似文献
17.
All the poultry in each of four distinct Moroccan villages were vaccinated against Newcastle disease using Hitchner B1 and inactivated vaccines. Poultry in a fifth village were monitored as controls. Mortality in the poultry was followed for 20 weeks after the first vaccination and blood samples were taken every 4 weeks from chickens for estimation of antibodies against Newcastle disease virus. Sixty-three percent of the chicken population and 60% of the turkey population in the control village died during the 20 weeks of observation. Necropsied birds showed lesions consistent with Newcastle disease. Mortality did not exceed 22% in the vaccinated villages. 相似文献
18.
Newcastle disease (ND) is a highly contagious disease of chickens causing significant economic losses worldwide. Due to the limitation in their efficacy, current vaccination strategies against ND need improvements. This study aimed to evaluate a new-generation ND vaccine for its efficacy in providing clinical protection and reducing virus shedding after challenge. Broiler chickens were vaccinated in ovo or subcutaneously at hatch with a turkey herpesvirus-based recombinant vaccine (rHVT) expressing a key protective antigen (F glycoprotein) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Groups of birds were challenged at 20, 27, and 40 days of age with a genotype V viscerotropic velogenic NDV strain. Protection was 57% and 81%, 100% and 95%, and 100% and 100% after the subsequent challenges in the in ovo and subcutaneously vaccinated chickens, respectively. Humoral immune response to vaccination could be detected from 3-4 wk of age. Challenge virus shedding was lower and gradually decreased over time in the vaccinated birds compared to the unvaccinated control chickens. In spite of the phylogenetic distance between the NDV F gene inserted into the vector vaccine and the challenge virus (genotype I and V, respectively), the rHVT NDV vaccine provided good clinical protection and significantly reduced challenge virus shedding. 相似文献
19.
The immune response and protection from challenge afforded to adult pigeons by four different vaccination schedules were assessed. Intravenous challenge with a field pigeon isolate was done four weeks after the second of two doses of vaccine given four weeks apart. Little difference in protection was seen between two 0.25 ml and two 0.5 ml doses of oil emulsion vaccine, although the latter produced a slightly higher immune response. In both cases one of 10 challenged pigeons became sick and died. One dose of Newcastle disease virus B1 live vaccine followed four weeks later by 0.5 ml oil emulsion vaccine gave a comparable immune response to two 0.25 ml doses of oil emulsion but only six birds survived challenge. Two doses of Newcastle disease virus B1 vaccine gave a poor immune response and little protection from challenge; all 10 birds became sick and eight died. Assessment of the onset of protection following one dose of either 0.5 ml oil emulsion vaccine or Newcastle disease virus B1 indicated some partial protection in the latter group as early as five days after vaccination. Both groups showed protection at 10 days but by 21 days, although protection was sustained in the oil emulsion group, birds receiving live vaccine were fully susceptible. Measurement of the duration of protection in pigeons given two 0.5 ml doses of oil emulsion vaccine indicated that protection had begun to wane by 40 weeks after the first dose. 相似文献
20.
Woo-Jin Jeon Eun-Kyoung Lee Young-Jeong Lee Ok-Mi Jeong Yong-Joo Kim Jun-Hun Kwon Kang-Seuk Choi 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2008,9(3):295-300
Despite the intensive vaccination policy that has been put in place to control Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the recent emergence of NDV genotype VII strains in Korea has led to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. We assessed the ability of inactivated, oil-emulsion vaccines derived from La Sota or Ulster 2C NDV strains to protect chickens from challenge with Kr-005/00, which is a recently isolated Korean epizootic genotype VII strain. Six-week-old SPF chickens were vaccinated once and challenged three weeks later via the eye drop/intranasal route. All vaccinated birds were fully protected from disease, regardless of the vaccine strains used. All vaccinated and challenged groups showed significant sero-conversion 14 days after challenge. However, some vaccinated birds, despite being protected from disease, shed the challenge virus from their oro-pharynx and cloaca, albeit at significantly lower titers than the unvaccinated challenged control birds. The virological, serological, and epidemiological significance of our observations with regard to NDV disease eradication is discussed. 相似文献