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1.
不同诱变处理对苜蓿叶绿素含量及光合作用的影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为研究60Co-γ射线、紫外线、零磁空间和EMS诱变处理对苜蓿SP1代叶片叶绿素含量及光合作用的影响,筛选最优诱变处理梯度,选育适合高寒地区种植的苜蓿新品系或品种。以‘公农1 号’、‘Wega7F’、‘WL319HQ’、‘敖汉’4 个苜蓿品种试验材料,设置60Co-γ射线150、300、450 Gy射线强度,紫外线30、60、90 min 照射时间,EMS 0.1%、0.2%、0.4%(v/v)溶液浓度,零磁空间处理180 天;测定苜蓿叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素总量、叶绿素a/b 值以及净光合速率。结果表明,‘公农1 号’450 Gy60Co-γ处理、紫外线处理时间为30 min和0.4%EMS处理下叶绿素a 含量最高,均高于对照3.17 mg/g,但与对照差异不显著,其他处理均低于对照。‘Wega7F’在紫外线60 min 时间处理下,叶绿素b 值明显增加,且显著高于其他处理(P<0.05)。‘公农1 号’在450 Gy 60Co-γ辐射处理下叶绿素含量最高,a/b 比值最小,其他3 个品种在150 Gy处理下叶绿素含量最高,但a/b 比值最小。各苜蓿品种不同诱变处理净光合速率大小依次为：60 min 紫外线处理的‘Wega7F’>零磁空间处理的‘敖汉’>0.4%EMS 处理的‘WL319HQ’>0.4%EMS处理下的‘公农1 号’。150 Gy60Co-γ射线、60 min 紫外线、0.4%浓度EMS处理为苜蓿正向变异处理,有利于筛选有益诱变突变体。 相似文献
2.
14个紫花苜蓿品种的引种和生产性能比较评价 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为评价不同苜蓿品种的生产性能,筛选能够适应东北地区种植的紫花苜蓿品种,笔者对吉林省东部地区14个国内外紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种播种当年生育期,生长第2年的越冬率及不同茬次的株高、鲜草产量、干草产量、茎叶比等各项农艺性状指标的差异通过灰色关联分析进行比较。结果显示：各品种生育期差异不显著,翌年‘陇中苜蓿’、‘甘农3号’、‘甘农6号’返青较早;‘WL525HQ’、‘WL712’、‘WL656HQ’、‘WL903’越冬率较低且产量及综合评价较低,不适于在吉林省东部地区推广种植;‘WL440HQ’、‘甘农3号’、‘甘农6号’、‘WL168HQ’的越冬率较高且综合评价中表现良好,适合在吉林省东部地区广泛推广种植。 相似文献
3.
NaHCO_3胁迫对苜蓿苗期适应性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了筛选出耐盐碱苜蓿品种,对4个苜蓿品种在不同NaHCO3胁迫下叶片的叶绿素、丙二醛、脯氨酸含量、幼苗存活率进行测定和综合加权分析。结果表明:紫花苜蓿幼苗的生理指标对NaHCO3胁迫的响应存在规律性变化,4种苜蓿叶片的脯氨酸和丙二醛含量随着NaHCO3浓度的升高而增加,叶绿素含量除草原1号外其余品种随着胁迫浓度的增大而降低。4个品种的苜蓿幼苗,在NaHCO3浓度达到200mmol/L时第7天全部致死,4个苜蓿品种的耐NaHCO3由强到弱依次为龙牧803草原1号龙牧806肇东。 相似文献
4.
寒区6个紫花苜蓿品种根系中MDA含量及抗氧化酶活性的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《作物杂志》2015,(4)
通过测定6个紫花苜蓿品种在高寒地区越冬率及越冬前后丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)3种保护酶活性,比较其越冬前后变化与抗寒性的关系。结果表明,所测各指标变化规律均是随着气温的下降而上升,进入深冬又下降,翌年春季气温回升后,各指标又有所回升;其中MDA含量与越冬率成反比,3种抗氧化酶活性与越冬率成正比。综合各项指标结果表明,公农1号的抗寒性最强,美国品种WL319 HQ抗寒性最弱。 相似文献
5.
平欧榛枝条可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量与抗寒性关系的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为加快山西省平欧榛抗寒育种的进程,深入挖掘平欧榛抗寒资源,为平欧榛生产育种提供理论依据,以 ‘85-28’、‘达维’、‘薄壳红’、‘B-11’、‘玉坠’、‘84-72’、‘魁香’、‘辽榛3号’等生产中主要的8个平欧榛品种（系）成熟1年生枝条为试材,在自然越冬过程中,对其可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量进行测定及差异性分析,并结合露地越冬试验,分析与抗寒性的关系。结果表明,在休眠主要低温期,各品种可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量均随温度降低呈递增趋势,且抗寒性强的品种较抗寒性弱的增幅大,平欧榛抗寒性与可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖含量呈正相关性。试验各品种（系）抗寒性强弱顺序依次为‘B-11’、‘达维’、‘85-28’、‘84-72’、‘辽榛3号’、‘玉坠’、‘薄壳红’和‘魁香’,与冻害调查结果相吻合。 相似文献
6.
铁是植物重要的微量营养元素。为了研究缺铁对抗寒性牧草的生理影响,筛选适合东北地区种植的优良牧草,对‘牧草401’、‘巨人201+Z’、‘金皇后’和‘肇东’苜蓿的缺铁耐受性进行了研究。将四个紫花苜蓿品种分别进行了3d、10d、17d缺铁处理,对其总铁含量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量和抗氧化物酶活性等指标进行了比较。结果表明:缺铁导致紫花苜蓿的总铁含量和叶绿素含量下降,MDA含量上升,并随处理时间的加长而加剧,抗氧化酶活性则呈先升后降的趋势。与其他3种紫花苜蓿相比,‘肇东’苜蓿表现出较强的缺铁耐受特性,可以作为气候寒冷、土壤铁含量贫瘠区域种植的候选牧草品种。为研究牧草铁胁迫应答分子机制和牧草育种提供了宝贵的理论基础。 相似文献
7.
8.
渗透胁迫下转BADH基因苜蓿组培苗的 抗性响应 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
用4种不同浓度的聚乙二醇(PEG6000)溶液处理转BADH基因苜蓿SLM01,SLM05株系及其未转基因的受体亲本,14天后测定相关生理指标的变化。结果表明：随着PEG6000浓度的提高,苜蓿叶片中丙二醛（MDA）含量升高,质膜透性增大,但转基因植株的都低于对照;PEG6000处理后渗透调节物质可溶性糖、脯氨酸大量积累,叶绿素含量降低,与受体亲本相比,转基因株系可溶性糖含量的增加幅度较大,脯氨酸积累较少,叶绿素含量下降较慢。以上结果说明转BADH基因苜蓿对PEG造成的渗透胁迫具有较强的抗性。 相似文献
9.
不同低温下核桃枝条抗寒性生理生化指标分析 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4
为了加快山西省核桃抗寒育种的进程,深入挖掘核桃抗寒资源,为核桃生产育种提供理论依据,以山西省主要推广的核桃品种‘礼品1号’、‘礼品2号’、‘中林1号’、‘中林5号’、‘辽核1号’、‘辽核3号’和‘晋龙1号’7个品种为试材,对其被迫休眠期1年生枝条在不同低温条件下的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化物酶(POD)酶活性等部分抗寒性生理生化进行了测定比较。结果表明：随处理温度的降低,所测指标中可溶性蛋白含量和POD酶活性呈现“降—升—降”的变化。可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量、SOD酶活性的变化幅度不大。‘礼品1号’和‘礼品2号’在可溶性糖、脯氨酸含量变化幅度较大。综合分析各品种抗寒性生理生化指标,可推测其抗寒性强弱顺序：‘礼品2号’最强,‘礼品1号’次之,‘辽核3号’和‘中林5号’抗寒性居中,‘晋龙1号’、‘中林1号’、‘辽核1号’依次降低。 相似文献
10.
为选育在黑龙江省可越冬的理想紫花苜蓿品种。以‘龙牧806’零磁空间诱变处理后二代群体中获得的lm1609、lm1625、lm1704三个抗寒突变体为实验材料,通过测定发芽指标、越冬率、产量特性指标及根系生理生化指标,进行抗寒性能鉴定。3个突变体发芽指数与对照差异不显著;发芽势、简化活力指数lm1609显著高于lm1625、lm1704,分别为82.05%、469.82 (P<0.05);3个突变体的越冬率都显著低于对照组;突变体和对照6月6日起始株高差异不显著,随着植株生长,7月6日和8月6日lm1609、lm1704显著高于lm1625和对照;突变体lm1609、lm1625、lm1704三者鲜草产量差异不显著,但显著高于对照(P<0.05);三个苜蓿突变体植株根系过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶均显著高于对照,并且突变体lm1609POD、SOD最高,分别达到304.85 OD470/(min·g)、208.41 U/g (P<0.05)。lm1609突变体具有较高的抗寒特性及产量特性,是为理想的抗寒突变体材料。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
13.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
14.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
15.
B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
16.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
17.
[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
19.
Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
20.
Summary Some photosynthetic characters as-leaf anatomy, leaf photosynthetic rate and CO2 compensation pointdistinguishing C3 and C4 plants and physiological characters as leaf area ratio, nitrogen content, leaf stem ratio and total shoot-to-root and deep root-to-shoot ratios have been studied in rice × sorghum and rice × wheat hybrids. Rice × sorghum 1. has lower values of photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen, total root and deep root-to-shoot ratio and CO2 compensation point as of rice parent where as, rice × sorghym 2. is superior in all these characters. Both hybrids lack kranz anatomy. Though both rice × sorghum hybrids show characters of C3 rice plant but rice × sorghum 2. has improved drought tolerance and leaf characters in relation to yield. Rice × wheat hybrid have higher assimilatory area and higher total root-to-shoot ratio. Grains of rice × wheat hybrids are identical to rice grain. However, as grains of rice × wheat hybrid does not contain seed coat, it could be exploited as novel rice germplasm after improvement.Abbreviations T
CO2 compensation point
- T21
CO2 compensation point at 21% O2
- T2
CO2 compensation point at 2% O2
- dR/sR
deep Root-to-shoot Ratio
- LAR
Leaf Area Ratio
- CER
photosynthetic rate
- TR/SR
Total Root-to-Shoot Ratio 相似文献