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应用耐热碱性果胶酶和半纤维素酶复配后进行苎麻酶脱胶影响因子组合优化实验。以脱胶去除率为脱胶效果判断依据。结果表明，果胶酶浓度4％（对原料），半纤维素酶浓度2％，转速250rpm，脱胶时间3．5h，最高脱胶去除率可达17．22％。对脱胶后的苎麻韧皮纤维进行扫描电镜分析，结果显示，随脱胶时间的延长，纤维分散度越高，脱胶3h时纤维基本完全分散。 相似文献
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脱胶是麻类生产中一项重要加工技术。方法有三种:微生物法、化学法和机械法。其中,微生物脱胶法应用最普遍,历史也最久。象天然浸渍法这种原始形式的微生物脱胶技术,沿用至今已有数千年历史。为了缩短脱胶时间,提高纤维品质,自本世纪初开始研究脱胶微生物,并利用其纯培养进行脱胶。现在,这项研究工作 相似文献
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麻类作物的微生物脱胶（综述） 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
脱胶是麻类生产中一项重要加工技术。方法有三种：微生物法、化学法和机械法。其中，微生物脱胶法应用最普遍，历史也最久。象天然浸渍法这种原始形式的微生物脱胶技术，沿用至今已有数千年历史。为了缩短脱胶时间，提高纤维品质，自本世纪初开始研究脱胶微生物，并利用其纯培养进行脱胶。 相似文献
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亚麻微生物脱胶技术的研究：Ⅳ脱胶条件测试及脱胶试验 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
利用优选的亚麻脱胶菌株,对亚麻脱胶条件进行了测试。结果为：接种量５％脱胶温度为３５℃,以单一菌株在自然条件即适宜亚麻脱胶,继之做了室内外脱胶综合测试。结果表明;接种脱胶菌进行亚麻脱胶可以缩短脱胶时间,提高长麻率及全麻率,增加纤维抗拉强度,改善纤维外观质量。 相似文献
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南方亚麻微生物脱胶技术及其理论研究Ⅲ．麻茎特性对亚麻脱胶效果的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在天然水浸脱胶条件下，对影响亚麻脱胶效果的麻茎特性及其作用机制进行了初步探讨。结果表明，麻茎上带有脱胶能力较强的微生物，能加速亚麻脱胶进程；麻茎的部位、粗细、麻龄等不同，其纤维及胶质的组成和分布也有差异，对亚麻的脱胶速度均产生不同程度的影响；机械破损能够破坏麻茎的表皮结构，增大脱胶酶的侵袭面积，能加快亚麻的脱胶速度。 相似文献
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《Industrial Crops and Products》2005,21(3):369-378
A flax fiber pilot plant is needed to process small samples of flax straw into fibers to facilitate research on retting and fiber properties. Our objective was to develop and test a modular design for a flax processing pilot plant based on a commercial line that was capable of cleaning fiber and seed flax straw from unretted, dew-retted, and enzyme-retted samples. The USDA Flax Fiber Pilot Plant (Flax-PP), which is the only research facility of this type in the United States, was designed according to the commercial ‘Unified Line’ (Czech Flax Machinery), but smaller and constructed in four individual modules. The modules and their order for processing were as follows: 9-roller calender, top shaker, scutching wheel, top shaker, 5-roller calender, and top shaker. Illustrations and diagrams of the operating modules are presented. Unretted ‘Neche’ linseed flax, dew-retted ‘Natasja’, and enzyme-retted ‘Jordan’ fiber flax were processed, and the cumulative weight loss of material at successive processing steps was determined to assess the effectiveness of cleaning. Fiber strength, fineness, and elongation were determined for the retted samples after cleaning through all the steps in the Flax-PP. A yield of fine fiber from the retted stems processed through the Flax-PP was acquired from further cleaning and refining by passage through a Shirley Analyzer. The various samples behaved differently at different stages of processing and the resulting fibers had different properties. The dew-retted Natasja fibers were stronger and finer than the enzyme-retted Jordan flax after pilot plant processing, but the Jordan fibers appeared cleaner and better retted. The Flax-PP effectively processed samples of diverse characteristics and will facilitate integrated research on retting methods for fibers with tailored properties. 相似文献
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《Industrial Crops and Products》2006,23(1):1-8
Plant fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites have gained much attraction in structural applications such as building and automotive products. Agricultural residues such as wheat straw, bagasse, and corn stover can also be exploited as readily available natural fiber resources for similar applications. The objective of this study was to extract fibers from wheat straw and also to determine the usefulness of fungal retting of wheat straw before extracting the fibers. Wheat straw was mechanically defibrillated using a laboratory-scale mechanical refiner before and after fungal retting. Fiber characteristics such as physico-chemical and mechanical properties, surface characteristics, and thermal properties of the resultant fibers were measured in order to explore the possibilities of using the fibers as reinforcing materials. Retted fibers were stronger than un-retted fibers. The length and diameter of the retted fibers were lower than the un-retted fibers. FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of the wheat straw fibers indicated the fractional removal of hemicelluloses and lignin from the retted fiber. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of the fibers showed the partial removal of extractives from the surface of the retted fibers. Also, the oxygen to carbon ratio (O/C) of the fibers illustrated that there is more lignin type surface structure for both retted and un-retted fibers. However, slightly higher ratio of oxygen to carbon in the retted fiber indicated a more carbohydrate-rich fiber than the un-retted fiber. Thermal degradation characteristics demonstrated the suitability of processing wheat straw fibers with thermoplastics. 相似文献
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以香蕉粘胶纤维、普通粘胶纤维、Tencel纤维为原料,采用烘箱干燥法和回归模型分析法,对不同材料进行了吸湿、放湿测试与分析。结果表明：香蕉粘胶纤维具有良好的吸湿性和放湿性,香蕉菠萝粘胶纤维吸湿率20.5 %、放湿回潮率26.3 %;普通粘胶纤维吸湿率18.5 %、放湿回潮率24.6 %;Tencel纤维回潮率17.1 %、放湿回潮率23.4 %,香蕉粘胶纤维的吸湿速率略高于普通粘胶纤维,Tencel纤维最低;放湿速率香蕉粘胶纤维最高,Tencel纤维粘胶纤维居中,普通粘胶纤维最低。 相似文献
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研究超高压压力100～500 MPa处理10 min和400 MPa处理0～15 min对壳青霉杀菌效果的影响,并对处理后的壳青霉进行菌落总数测定、扫描电镜观察和紫外吸收检测,探讨超高压对茶叶中分离出的壳青霉致死效果.结果表明,处理压力和处理时间是超高压致死壳青霉的显著影响因子,且处理压力和处理时间对菌落总数的影响基本符合Logistic回归方程.500 MPa以上的压力处理10 min或者400 MPa处理12 min以上可基本杀灭壳青霉;超高压处理使壳青霉菌丝和孢子细胞壁破裂,胞内物质外溢. 相似文献