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1.
The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii-Lepr(fa) (SDT- fa/fa) rat is a new model of obese type 2 diabetes. The female SDT-fa/fa rat shows obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia from a young age. However, it is not known whether diabetes and estrogen deficiency can lead to bone abnormalities in the female SDT-fa/fa rat. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of ovariectomy (OVX) on bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD) in the female SDT-fa/fa rat. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were used as control animals. The BMDs of the whole tibia and fifth lumbar (L5) vertebral body were analyzed at 30 weeks after OVX. Serum osteocalcin, a bone formation marker, and urine deoxypyridinoline (DPD), a bone resorption marker, were sequentially analyzed before and at 5, 15 and 30 weeks after OVX. Serum osteocalcin and urine DPD levels were lower in SDT-fa/fa rats than in control rats before OVX. Both serum osteocalcin and urine DPD levels were elevated in control rats 5-30 weeks after OVX, but only the urine DPD levels were elevated in SDT-fa/fa rats 5-30 weeks after OVX. SDT-fa/fa rats showed a decrease in the BMDs of the whole tibia and L5 vertebral body compared with control rats. OVX decreased the BMDs of the whole tibia and L5 vertebral body in control rats, but not in SDT-fa/fa rats. These data suggest that estrogen deficiency is not a risk factor for bone loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus.  相似文献   

2.
Blood pressure in female SDT-fa/fa rats was periodically investigated at ages 8, 16, and 24 weeks. Furthermore, an insulin therapy was performed for 5 weeks in the female rats at age 11 weeks, and the change of blood pressure was examined. In addition to obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperlipidemia, hyperleptinemia and increased urinary angiotensinogen level were observed during the experimental period. Blood pressure was elevated at ages 8 and 16 weeks, but that at 24 weeks was comparable to that in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Heart rate was decreased from age 8 to 24 weeks. Insulin therapy induced good glycemic control and improvement of hyperlipidemia, but the blood pressure was not reduced. Blood pressure in female SDT-fa/fa rats was elevated temporarily. The blood pressure was not decreased by insulin treatment. SDT-fa/fa rat is a useful model to investigate the relation between diabetes mellitus and hypertension.  相似文献   

3.
Intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone (PTH) is an anabolic therapy for osteoporotic conditions in humans. This study evaluated the effects of equine PTH fragment (ePTH-1-37) administration on bone metabolism in 12 healthy horses. Six horses each were treated once daily for 120days with subcutaneous injections of 0.5μg/kg ePTH-1-37 or placebo. Blood was collected to determine ionized calcium (Ca(++)), total Ca (Ca(T)), inorganic phosphorus, serum equine osteocalcin (eOC), carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, and carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined with dual X-ray absorptiometry of the metacarpus and calcaneus. Significantly higher blood Ca(++) and plasma Ca(T) concentrations were measured 5h after ePTH-1-37 administration compared to placebo. Higher serum eOC concentrations were found for ePTH-1-37 treatment at days 90 (P<0.05) and 120 (P=0.05). Significantly higher serum ICTP levels were observed with ePTH-1-37 treatment at days 60 and 90. For both study groups, BMD increased significantly in the calcaneus. Long-term use of ePTH-1-37 seemed to have no negative effects on bone metabolism in healthy horses. The absence of undesirable side effects is the premise to ensure safety for further clinical investigations in horses with increased bone resorption processes.  相似文献   

4.
Plasma profiles of glucose, insulin and lipids were examined in the male WBN/Kob-Lepr(fa) (fa/fa) rat, a new model of type 2 diabetes (T2D), in comparison with age-matched original male WBN/Kob (lean) rats. The fa/fa rats developed hypertriglycemia, obesity and hyperglycemia from 5, 7, and 9 weeks of age, respectively. Plasma insulin levels in fa/fa rats were significantly higher than those in lean rats at 5 weeks of age, but after 11 weeks of age gradually declined to the levels in lean rats. HOMA-IR, a measure of insulin resistance status, showed that fa/fa rats had insulin resistance. The fa/fa rat has the potential to become an important animal model of T2D with obesity.  相似文献   

5.
Bone responds to exercise with changes in bone (re-)modelling, which might be monitored non-invasively with biochemical bone markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exercise on serum osteocalcin and serum carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen generated by matrix metalloproteinases (CTX-MMP) concentration in young racehorses. Seventy-one 2 to 4-year-old Thoroughbreds were included in this prospective infield study. Blood sampling was performed six times (i.e. six sampling cycles) during a 9-month period. Serum samples were analysed with commercial osteocalcin and CTX-MMP radioimmunoassays. Two-year-old racehorses had higher serum osteocalcin and CTX-MMP values than 3-year-old horses. Gender and training amplitude did not significantly influence serum osteocalcin and CTX-MMP values. Two-year-old horses showed an increase in osteocalcin values between cycles 2 and 3 and an increase in serum CTX-MMP values between cycles 1 and 2. Serum osteocalcin and CTX-MMP concentrations decreased between cycles 4 and 5, and 5 and 6. Three-year-old horses showed an increase in serum osteocalcin levels between cycles 3 and 4 and an increase in serum CTX-MMP concentrations between cycles 1 and 2, and 3 and 4. Serum osteocalcin levels decreased between cycles 5 and 6, whereas serum CTX-MMP levels decreased between cycles 4 and 5, and 5 and 6. Two- and three-year-old horses showed a decreased osteocalcin/CTX-MMP ratio between cycles 1 and 2. Moreover, 2-year-old horses showed an increase in the osteocalcin/CTX-MMP ratio between cycles 2 and 3. Sore shin formation did not significantly influence serum osteocalcin and CTX-MMP values. Serum osteocalcin and CTX-MMP are promising bone markers for monitoring exercise induced changes in equine bone metabolism.  相似文献   

6.
Experiments were performed to establish the pharmacokinetics of triamcinolone acetonide and the effects of the glucocorticoid on glucose metabolism in horses. The pharmacokinetics after intravenous (i.v.) dosing was best described by a three-compartment open model. There was rapid distribution from the central compartment followed by two phases of elimination. The half-life of the rapid elimination phase was 83.5 min and of the slower phase was 12 h. The term (Vss/Vc)-1was 12.3 indicating extensive distribution into the tissues. Triamcinolone acetonide given i.v. or intramuscularly (i.m. ) induced a prolonged period of hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia. Significant changes in plasma glucagon and serum non-esterified fatty acids were not observed. These observations suggest that the hyperglycaemia was a result of decreased glucose utilization by tissues and increased gluconeogenesis. The effects on glucose metabolism persisted for 3-4 days after triamcinolone was given i.m. at 0.05 mg/kg, the upper limit of the recommended dose range, and for 8 days when given at 0. 2 mg/kg. These observations, together with recent evidence implicating inhibition of glucose metabolism in the pathogenesis of equine laminitis, indicated that triamcinolone-induced laminitis may be associated with the long duration of action of the glucocorticoid when higher than recommended doses or when repeated doses are given.  相似文献   

7.
【目的】 探究促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH）对SD大鼠性腺生殖功能和糖代谢的影响,以及SD大鼠性腺生殖功能和糖代谢之间的相关性。【方法】 将36只SD大鼠随机均分为对照组（0.9％生理盐水）、1 μg/100 μL GnIH组（Ⅰ组）、10 μg/100 μL GnIH （Ⅱ组）,每组12只（雌雄各半）。每天07：00和19：00注射生理盐水或GnIH （200 μL/次）,连续注射14 d后测量大鼠体重,计算肥胖程度,麻醉处死后采集卵巢和睾丸,称重并计算卵体比和睾体比;运用阴道涂片法观察雌性大鼠发情周期的变化;显微镜下观察并计算雄性大鼠精子活力;HE染色观察卵巢和睾丸组织变化;用实时荧光定量PCR法检测卵巢和睾丸中糖代谢基因胰岛素受体（IR）、葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）和炎症相关因子肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、白介素1β（IL-1β）的表达水平,并用SPSS 22.0软件分析生殖功能和糖代谢之间的相关性。【结果】 与对照组相比,Ⅰ组雌性SD大鼠和Ⅱ组雄性SD大鼠肥胖程度均显著升高（P<0.05）;Ⅱ组卵巢大小/重量、卵体比显著升高,睾丸重量、睾体比显著下降（P<0.05）。HE染色结果显示,与对照组相比,Ⅱ组雌性大鼠卵泡呈囊性扩张,颗粒细胞层减少,卵泡腔变大;Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雄性大鼠的生精小管均出现空泡样改变,生精细胞排列紊乱、层次减少。与对照组相比,Ⅱ组大鼠发情前期的持续时间显著延长（P<0.05）、精子活力显著下降（P<0.05）。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与对照组相比,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雌性大鼠GLUT4基因的表达量极显著下降（P<0.01）、Ⅱ组中IR基因的表达量显著降低（P<0.05）,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组雄性大鼠GLUT4基因的表达量均极显著降低（P<0.01）;Ⅰ组雌性大鼠TNF-α、IL-1β基因和雄性大鼠IL-1β基因的表达量均显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅱ组雌、雄大鼠TNF-α基因的表达量均极显著升高（P<0.01）。相关性分析结果显示,腹腔注射GnIH后,雌性大鼠的卵体比与GLUT4基因表达水平呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）,与IR基因的表达水平呈显著正相关（P<0.05）;雌性大鼠的发情周期与GLUT4基因表达水平呈极显著负相关（P<0.01）;雄性大鼠睾体比与GLUT4基因表达水平均呈显著正相关（P<0.05）,而精子活力与GLUT4基因表达水平均呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）。【结论】 腹腔注射GnIH能够抑制大鼠的生殖功能和导致糖代谢功能紊乱,而且GnIH可能参与性腺能量代谢与生殖功能的交叉对话,是能量代谢与生殖功能的新型联络因子。  相似文献   

8.
We previously reported that extremely low frequency electric fields (ELF-EFs) affect energy metabolism in stressed conditions. To further confirm this, the effect of exposure to ELF-EFs on the experimental ischemic rat was examined. The test was based on a comparison of rats treated with EF alone, ischemic surgery alone, the combination of EF with ischemic surgery, or no treatment (double sham). The EF condition used in this study was an alternating current of 50 Hz EF at 17 500 V/m intensity for 15 min per day. The exposure to EF in ischemic rats significantly decreased plasma levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides, compared to those of the no treatment or EF alone group. The plasma lactate levels of two ischemic groups peaked on experimental day-4 and gradually decreased until the end of the study. The changes in the lactate levels induced by ischemia did not show any difference between rats treated with ischemia alone or a combination of ischemia with an EF. Any changes in plasma levels of glucose and creatine phosphokinase activity were not influenced by EF treatment. These results indicate that the EF effect on glycolysis parameters, plasma lactate or glucose levels, does not appear in a highly stressed condition and that EF effects varied dependent on the condition of organism but ELF-EF used in this study have impact on lipid metabolism parameter in a hind-limb ischemic rat. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the association of ELF-EF with the lipid metabolism system.  相似文献   

9.
We established the WBN/Kob-Lepr(fa) rat as a new congenic strain for the fa allele of the leptin receptor gene (Lepr). Homozygous (fa/fa) WBN/Kob-Lepr(fa) rats provide a model of non-insulin-dependent diabetes, although its onset is secondary to pancreatitis. In the present study, we compared histopathological observations of pancreatitis in each genotype of this rat, to examine its suitability as a model of pancreatitis. The histopathological findings of the pancreatitis revealed intense changes dependent on age, such as hemorrhage or hemosiderin deposition. The pancreatitis in homozygous (fa/fa) WBN/Kob-Lepr(fa) rats were more severe than those of WBN/Kob rats.  相似文献   

10.
旨在探讨齐墩果酸（oleanolic acid,OLA）对于骨关节炎（osteoarthritis,OA）大鼠肌肉氧化损伤和软骨下骨异常骨重建的作用。选取18只Sprague-Dawley大鼠随机分为3组：对照组（CON组）、模型组（OA组）和齐墩果酸给药组（OLA组）。OA组和OLA组利用前十字韧带切断联合半月板部分切除手术（ACLT+PMMx）建立大鼠膝OA模型,CON组进行假手术。OLA组大鼠每天灌胃50 mg·（kg·d）-1 OLA,CON组和OA组灌服等体积含20 mL·L-1 Tween 80的无菌生理盐水,连续给药4周后取膝关节、股四头肌和血清样本。利用伸膝发声试验和热敏感试验检测大鼠关节疼痛情况。酶联免疫吸附测定试验检测大鼠肌肉中柠檬酸合酶（citrate synthase,CS）、肌球蛋白重链（myosin heavy chain,MHC）、白细胞介素1（interleukin 1,IL-1）和IL-6的水平,以及大鼠血清中骨钙素（osteocalcin,OCN）和Ⅰ型胶原羧基末端肽（C-terminal typeⅠ collagen telopeptide,CTX-Ⅰ）的水平。免疫印迹法检测肌肉组织Nrf2/NQO1/HO-1通路蛋白表达情况。微型计算机断层扫描（Micro-CT）用于软骨下骨扫描和骨组织显微结构定量分析。结果显示,与OA组比较,OLA可以降低OA疼痛评分（P<0.05）,激活肌肉Nrf2/NQO1/HO-1通路,促进肌肉CS和MHC表达,并下调IL-1和IL-6水平（P<0.05）。此外,补充OLA后大鼠软骨下骨的骨体积分数（BV/TV）、骨矿物质密度（BMD）和骨小梁厚度（Tb.Th）显著升高（P<0.05）,骨代谢标志物OCN和CTX-Ⅰ表达显著降低（P<0.05）。结果提示,OLA能够抑制OA大鼠关节疼痛反应,通过调控Nrf2/NQO1/HO-1通路抑制OA大鼠肌肉功能障碍,改善OA早期软骨下骨生物力学性能和微结构改变,从而延缓OA大鼠软骨下骨异常骨重建的发生。  相似文献   

11.
Naringenin is a bioactive flavanone involved in the inhibition of drug metabolism which exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancerogenic properties and which recently appeared to be a factor mitigating the hyperlipidaemic effects in rats and rabbits. In the performed experiment, the effect of naringenin, administered intragastrically (50 mg/kg) for 2 weeks to normal and ethanol drinking rats, on insulin and leptin levels and on some metabolic parameters was investigated. Naringenin did not change the hormone levels in any group of rats. Blood glucose, triglyceride, total, esterified and free cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations were also unaffected by this compound. Only free fatty acids were elevated after the naringenin treatment in the water-drinking rats. In spite of unchanged glucose and insulin concentrations in blood, the tested flavanone reduced the glucose/insulin ratio in ethanol-receiving rats. Liver triglycerides, elevated due to ethanol ingestion, were partially normalized by naringenin. Other tested parameters like liver glycogen and cholesterol, muscle triglycerides and glycogen were not altered in any group of rats. The influence of naringenin (62.5, 125, 250 and 500 microM) on basal and insulin-stimulated glucose conversion to lipids (lipogenesis) as well as on basal and epinephrine-stimulated glycerol release (lipolysis) in the isolated rat adipocytes was also tested. The basal and the stimulated lipogenesis tended to be decreased in the presence of the flavanone (250 microM). This inhibitory effect intensified and was statistically significant at the highest concentration of naringenin. The tested compound did not evoke any effect on basal lipolysis while the epinephrine-stimulated process was limited at the highest concentration of the flavanone. Naringenin (62.5, 125, 250 and 500 microM) had no effect on leptin secretion from the isolated rat adipocytes. Results obtained in our studies demonstrate that naringenin exerts a very weak influence on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of normal and ethanol-consuming rats and on metabolism of isolated rat adipocytes.  相似文献   

12.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of zoledronate on markers of bone metabolism in dogs after transection of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL). ANIMALS: 21 adult dogs. PROCEDURE: Unilateral CrCL transection was performed arthroscopically. Dogs were allocated to 3 groups (control group, low-dose zoledronate [10 microg/kg, SC, q 90 d for 12 months], and high-dose zoledronate [25 microg/kg, SC, q 90 d for 12 months]). Serum osteocalcin (OC), serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and urine pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline concentrations were measured at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined in the distal portion of the femur and proximal portion of the tibia via computed tomography at each time point. Data were analyzed by a repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS: oledronate inhibited OC in the high-dose group at 9 and 12 months and at 12 months in the low-dose group, compared with the control group. High-dose zoledronate decreased BAP concentrations 3 and 9 months after surgery. In the control group, BMD was decreased in the femoral condyle and caudal tibial plateau. Zoledronate prevented significant BMD decreases starting 1 month after transection, compared with control dogs. In the caudomedial aspect of the tibial plateau, both zoledronate groups had significant increases in BMD after 3 months, compared with control dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Zoledronate may reduce subchondral bone loss and effect markers of bone metabolism in dogs with experimentally induced instability of the stifle joint and subsequent development of osteoarthritis.  相似文献   

13.
选用58周龄新扬州鸡产蛋母鸡300只,随机设计分为2组(对照组、低钙组),每组5个重复,分别饲喂钙水平为3.5%、2.5%的玉米-豆粕型日粮,研究轻度缺钙对老龄蛋鸡骨钙素(BGP)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、降钙素(CT)、雌二醇(E2)及骨密度(BMD)的影响。结果表明,轻度钙供应不足情况下,骨质疏松逐渐明显,BGP升高,E2、BMD均下降,BGP、E2、BMD变化显著。PTH、CT均呈升高趋势,但变化不显著。结论:轻度缺钙时,老龄蛋鸡骨代谢和雌激素发生了显著变化,但对钙调节激素的影响不显著。  相似文献   

14.
To determine the effect of Pueraria mirifica (PM) on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium levels on aged menopausal monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), subjects were treated with 10, 100, or 1,000 mg/day of PM. Blood samples were collected every 5 days for 30, 90, and 60 days during pre-treatment, treatment, and post-treatment periods, respectively. Sera were assayed for PTH, estradiol, and calcium levels. PM-1,000 had the strongest effect on the decrease in PTH (0.001相似文献   

15.
硒对STZ诱发糖尿病大鼠骨密度影响的研究初报   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
比较了在低硒饲料的基础上补充不同形态硒对糖尿病大鼠骨密度的影响。健康SD大鼠 1 2 8只 ,体重 50～ 60 g,随机分为 4组 ,每组 32只 ,雌雄各半 ,其中Ⅰ组为低硒对照组 (饲料含硒量 0 0 37mg/kg) ;Ⅱ组为补充亚硒酸钠组 (饲料含硒量 0 3mg/kg) ;Ⅲ组为补充富硒麦芽组(饲料含硒量 0 3mg/kg) ;Ⅳ组为补充富硒酵母组 (饲料含硒量 0 3mg/kg)。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组的饲料均是在Ⅰ组低硒饲料的基础上分别添加适量的亚硒酸钠、富硒麦芽、富硒酵母后配制而成。喂饲 5周后 ,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组用链脲佐菌素 (streptozotocin ,STZ)按 60mg/kg腹腔注射诱发糖尿病 ,继续饲喂 6周。用单光子吸收法测定各组大鼠的肱骨、股骨、胫骨、桡骨的骨密度。结果表明 :①STZ致糖尿病大鼠的骨密度随时间的延长有逐渐下降的趋势。Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ补硒组大鼠可以在一定时间内延缓STZ致糖尿病大鼠的骨密度下降。在此期间骨密度的下降以肱骨出现最早 ,股骨次之 ,桡骨、胫骨再次之。②饲料补硒组糖尿病大鼠的肱骨、股骨中硒的含量较饲料低硒组糖尿病大鼠的肱骨、股骨中硒的含量显著提高。③补充硒的形态 ,即有机硒 (富硒麦芽、富硒酵母 )或无机硒 (亚硒酸钠 )对糖尿病大鼠肱骨、股骨、胫骨、桡骨的骨密度影响差异不显著。  相似文献   

16.
To describe the treatment of a subchondral bone cyst in the proximal phalanx with parathyroid hormone peptide-enriched fibrin hydrogel in a warmblood filly. The cyst was localized with computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery, then curetted and finally filled with parathyroid hormone fragment peptide 1-34 (PTH(1-34)) covalently attached to a fibrin hydrogel. The cyst healed quickly without any complications. This result supports the hypothesis that PTH(1-34) delivered locally in a fibrin hydrogel may improve the postoperative prognosis of surgical management of subchondral bone cysts in horses. Subchondral bone cysts are fairly common in horses. Especially in older horses, the prognosis is poor, even after surgical curettage. Therefore, different management protocols have been investigated in conjunction with surgical curettage to improve prognosis. Locally delivered PTH(1-34) seems to be a new method in the treatment of subchondral bone cysts.  相似文献   

17.
Intraperitoneal inoculation of rats with Trypanosoma congolense (Federe strain) produced a sustained parasitaemia from days 7 to 23 post-infection (pi). The fasting tail-blood glucose (FBG) concentrations in the infected animals increased (p<0.05) from 3.8+/-0.2 mmol/l on day 0 pi to 4.6+/-0.2, 4.9+/-0.2 and 5.8+/-0.3 mmol/l on days 7, 10 and 17 pi and decreased (p<0.05) to 3.1+/-0.8 and 2.9+/-0.7 mmol/l on days 20 and 23 pi, but the values in the uninfected controls varied between 3.8+/-0.3 mmol/l on day 0 pi and 3.9+/-0.2 mmol/l on day 23 pi. After oral glucose intake (1.0 g/kg) and determination of tail-blood glucose (BG) concentrations after 2 h, the percentage increase in BG from FBG was either comparable in infected and uninfected groups (days 7, 20, 23 pi) or lower (p<0.05) in the infected group (days 10, 17), suggesting the same rate of tissue glucose delivery in both groups or a faster rate in the infected group. Therefore, oral glucose tolerance in the infected rat was not impaired, but there was initial fasting hyperglycaemia followed by fasting hypoglycaemia in the later stage.  相似文献   

18.
REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Diagnosis of osteochondrosis (OC) is based on clinical signs and radiography, but alternative methods for detection at an early stage would be useful. OBJECTIVES: To determine in the juvenile horse the relationship between serum concentrations of a number of biomarkers that reflect changes in cartilage and bone turnover and age, feeding level, growth, and the occurrence of OC. METHODS: Foals were assigned to a high (n = 20) or moderate (n = 19) feeding level group from birth to age 1 year. Bodyweight, withers height and cannon width were measured. Osteoarticular status was assessed radiographically at 5.5 and 11 months in all foals, and by necropsy at 12 months for 8 foals/group. Serum biomarkers of bone (osteocalcin, CTX-1) and cartilage (CPII, C2C) metabolism were assayed at 8 time points between ages 2 and 52 weeks. Ratios between biomarkers of tissue formation and degradation were calculated at each time point. RESULTS: Consistent age-related patterns in biomarker serum concentrates were found, indicating a markedly higher metabolism before age 20 weeks but concentrations were not affected by feeding level. Bodyweight was correlated negatively to C2C and CTX-1, and withers height was positively correlated to osteocalcin and the osteocalcin/CTX-1 and CPII/ C2C ratios. Osteocalcin concentration at 2 weeks and CPII/ C2C ratio at 20 weeks had strong positive correlations to OC, as diagnosed radiographically at 5.5 months. Osteocalcin had a strong correlation with radiographically detected OC at 11 months but at that time there was no significant relationship between CPII/C2C ratio and OC. CONCLUSIONS: Occurrence of OC lesions is significantly associated with anabolic changes in bone metabolism during the first weeks post partum, given the strong relation with osteocalcin. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Measuring osteocalcin concentrations during the first few weeks post partum may have potential value for the prediction of risk for OC development.  相似文献   

19.
Presented is an African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus) following zinc ingestion. The sick rat was lethargic, withdrawn, had soft, mucus-impregnated faeces and diahorrea, foot twitching and icterus. Comparative age, sex and body weight (b.wt.)-matched analyses were made with a healthy giant rat. Twelve-hourly Urine volume (UV), Haematocrit (Hct), urinary glucose, plasma zinc and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) were performed over an 8-week period. Full blood counts were performed and differential WBC counts and microscopic observations were made on blood smears obtained from both healthy and sick rats. Consecutive blood samples were drawn at the end of each week (Weeks <2-6 treatment; Weeks 7-8 post-treatment). Treatment involved oral vitamin B12 supplement at 4 microg/day and 2 ml diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) intramuscular injections at 1 ml/450g b.wt./5 wks (Week 2 - 6). Day 1 showed neutropaenia, Heinz bodies on RBCs (reticulocytes and immature forms). Zinc (Day 1 - end Week 7), glucose (Day 1 - end Week 4), ALP (Day 1 -Week 4) and UV were elevated (Day 1 - end Week 6). Indications of moderate zinc toxicosis following ingestion and stress-associated glucosuria were concluded.  相似文献   

20.
The clinical and laboratory findings concerning 154 cattle aged 10 weeks to 6 years with mucosal disease were evaluated retrospectively. Upon arrival at the clinic, 86% of the animals had a serum glucose concentration above 4.4 mmol/l. A distinct hyperglycaemia with more than 10 mmol/l was present in 30% of the animals. Significant associations were found between serum glucose level and the degree of dehydration as well as the albumin concentration in the serum. Negative correlation was found between serum glucose and serum sodium levels. In older animals higher glucose levels were found on average. As in humans, stress reactions, for example, due to dehydration, in addition to diabetes mellitus, probably cause hyperglycaemia in cattle suffering from mucosal disease.  相似文献   

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