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1.
Brucellae recovered from sea mammals were first reported in 1994. In the years since both culture and serological analysis have demonstrated that the infection occurs in a wide range of species of marine mammals inhabiting a vast amount of the world’s oceans. Molecular studies have demonstrated that the isolates differ from those found amongst terrestrial animals and also distinguish between strains which have seals and cetaceans as their preferred hosts. At the phenotypic level seal and cetacean strains can also be differed with respect to their CO2 requirement, primary growth on Farrells medium and metabolic activity on galactose. Two new species B. cetaceae and B. pinnipediae have been proposed as a result. This paper provides a review of Brucella in sea mammals and updates findings from the study of sea mammals from around the coast of Scotland.  相似文献   

2.
Brucella evolution and taxonomy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The genus Brucella contains alpha-Proteobacteria adapted to intracellular life within cells of a variety of mammals. Controversy has arisen concerning Brucella internal taxonomy, and it has been proposed that the DNA–DNA hybridization-based genomospecies concept be applied to the genus. According to this view, only one species, Brucella melitensis, should be recognized, and the classical species should be considered as biovars (B. melitensis biovar melitensis; B. melitensis biovar abortus; etc.). However, a critical reappraisal of the species concept, a review of the population structure of bacteria and the analysis of Brucella genetic diversity by methods other than DNA–DNA hybridization show that there are no scientific grounds to apply the genomospecies concept to this genus. On the other hand, an enlarged biological species concept allows the definition of Brucella species that are consistent with molecular analyses and support the taxonomical standing of most classical species. Both the host range as a long-recognized biological criterion and the presence of species-specific markers in outer membrane protein genes and in other genes show that B. melitensis, B. abortus, B. ovis, B. canis and B. neotomae are not mere pathovars (or nomenspecies) but biologically meaningful species. The status of B. suis is, however, less clear. These approaches should be useful to define species for the marine mammal Brucella isolates, as illustrated by the grouping of the isolates from pinnipeds or from cetaceans by omp2 gene analysis. It is shown that a correct Brucella species definition is important to understand the evolution of the genus.  相似文献   

3.
Major outer membrane proteins of Brucella spp.: past,present and future   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  
The major outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Brucella spp. were initially identified in the early 1980s and characterised as potential immunogenic and protective antigens. They were classified according to their apparent molecular mass as 36–38 kDa OMPs or group 2 porin proteins and 31–34 and 25–27 kDa OMPs which belong to the group 3 proteins. The genes encoding the group 2 porin proteins were identified in the late 1980s and consist of two genes, omp2a and omp2b, which are closely linked in the Brucella genome, and which share a great degree of identity (>85%). In the 1990s, two genes were identified coding for the group 3 proteins and were named omp25 and omp31. The predicted amino acid sequences of omp25 and omp31 share 34% identity. The recent release of the genome sequence of B. melitensis 16 M has revealed the presence of five additional gene products homologous to Omp25 and Omp31. The use of recombinant protein technology and monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) has shown that the major OMPs appear to be of little relevance as antigens in smooth (S) B. abortus or B. melitensis infections i.e. low or no protective activity in the mouse model of infection and low or no immunogenicity during host infection. However, group 3 proteins, in particular Omp31, appear as immunodominant antigen in the course of rough (R) B. ovis infection in rams and as important protective antigen in the B. ovis mouse model of infection. The major OMP genes display diversity and specific markers have been identified for Brucella species, biovars, and strains, including the recent marine mammal Brucella isolates for which new species names have been proposed. Recently, Omp25 has been shown to be involved in virulence of B. melitensis, B. abortus and B. ovis. Mutants lacking Omp25 are indeed attenuated in animal models of infection, and moreover provide levels of protection similar or better than currently used attenuated vaccine strain B. melitensis Rev.1. Therefore, these mutant strains appear interesting vaccine candidates for the future. The other group 3 proteins identified in the genome merit also further investigation related to the development of new vaccines.  相似文献   

4.
The present study was an investigation into the role of T lymphocytes in the killing of antigen-sensitized macrophages (MΦ) in bovine brucellosis. Following confirmation of bovine T lymphocyte cell lines derived from Brucella abortus Strain 19 vaccinated steers as antigen-specific in proliferation studies using various antigens, we adapted an apoptosis assay for evaluation of cytotoxicity by these bovine T cells against autologous monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMΦ) as target cells. Various B. abortus antigen preparations were tested including whole γ-irradiated B. abortus bacteria (γBA), a soluble cytosolic protein fraction and a membrane-associated protein fraction. Both polyclonal and cloned T lymphocyte cell lines exhibited cytotoxicity against MDMΦ targets in an antigen-specific fashion. Polyclonal and cloned T lymphocyte cell lines demonstrated cytotoxic responses to varying degrees against B. abortus antigens regardless of whether the antigen used was whole nonviable bacteria, a soluble protein extract or a membrane-associated fraction of extracted bacteria. To further develop correlation of these responses to an in vivo host defense mechanism, cytotoxicity was evaluated using target cells that had been infected with live B. abortus S19 or B. abortus Strain 2308. Cytotoxic responses were also demonstrated consistently against infected targets with either strain of B. abortus although in most cases, cytotoxicity was higher against target cells sensitized with γBA compared to those infected with live bacteria. Cloned T lymphocyte cell lines were all CD4+, CD8− cells indicating that the observed cytotoxic responses were most likely due to an inflammatory Th1 response and may represent an important host defense mechanism induced by vaccination with live attenuated strains of B. abortus in cattle.  相似文献   

5.
Brucellosis vaccines: past,present and future   总被引：20，自引：0，他引：20  
The first effective Brucella vaccine was based on live Brucella abortus strain 19, a laboratory-derived strain attenuated by an unknown process during subculture. This induces reasonable protection against B. abortus, but at the expense of persistent serological responses. A similar problem occurs with the B. melitensis Rev.1 strain that is still the most effective vaccine against caprine and ovine brucellosis. Vaccines based on killed cells of virulent strains administered with adjuvant induced significant protection but also unacceptable levels of antibodies interfering with diagnostic tests. Attempts were made to circumvent this problem by using a live rough strain B. abortus 45/20, but this reverted to virulence in vivo. Use of killed cells of this strain in adjuvant met with moderate success but batch to batch variation in reactogenicity and agglutinogenicity limited application. This problem has been overcome by the development of the rifampicin-resistant mutant B. abortus RB51 strain. This strain has proved safe and effective in the field against bovine brucellosis and exhibits negligible interference with diagnostic serology. Attempts are being made to develop defined rough mutant vaccine strains that would be more effective against B. melitensis and B. suis. Various studies have examined cell-free native and recombinant proteins as candidate protective antigens, with or without adjuvants. Limited success has been obtained with these or with DNA vaccines encoding known protective antigens in experimental models and further work is indicated.  相似文献   

6.
为探究大气氮沉降对黄土丘陵区草地群落多样性及其优势种生长的影响,本研究以白羊草(Bothriochloa ischaemum, Bi)和达乌里胡枝子(Lespedeza davurica, Ld)为优势种的草地群落为研究对象,设置3个氮添加处理(N0,0 kg ·hm-2·a-1;N25,25 kg ·hm-2·a-1;N75,75 kg ·hm-2·a-1),测定并分析了白羊草和达乌里胡枝子的株高、盖度、地上生物量(Aboveground biomass,AGB),物种多样性和养分含量。结果表明：氮添加处理下,Bi和Ld群落的总AGB显著提高;Bi群落中,氮添加显著降低物种多样性指数,而显著提高白羊草的全氮含量和氮磷比;Ld群落中,氮添加显著增加物种多样性指数,而显著降低达乌里胡枝子的全氮含量和氮磷比;相关性分析表明,物种多样性与白羊草的盖度和生物量呈显著负相关关系,与达乌里胡枝子的高度、盖度和AGB呈显著正相关。综上,氮添加促进了白羊草生长但抑制达乌里胡枝子,其群落优势种的AGB对物种多样性影响更加重要。  相似文献   

7.
When preparations containing smooth Brucella abortus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used as antigens in an ELISA, strong positive reactions were obtained with sera from sheep infected with Brucella melitensis or with Brucella ovis. Oxidation of the LPS with sodium metaperiodate greatly reduced the extent of the cross-reactions with antisera to B. ovis, with little effect on the reactions with antisera to smooth B. melitensis. Periodate oxidation of hot saline extract (HSX) antigen of B. ovis markedly reduced its reactivity in ELISA with anti-B. ovis sera and eliminated cross-reactivity with anti-B. melitensis sera. The reactivity of HSX was maintained after treatment with proteinase K.

A simple ELISA system, in which replicate samples from a single serum dilution were tested in parallel against both B. ovis HSX antigen and periodate-oxidised smooth phase B. abortus LPS, was evaluated. It was found to discriminate well between antibodies induced by vaccination or virulent infection with B. melitensis strains and those induced by infection with B. ovis.  相似文献   


8.
Characterization of the caprine model for ruminant brucellosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The relationship between man, the goat, and brucellosis is historical. Today Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus pose a serious economic and public health threat in many countries throughout the world. Infection of pregnant goats and sheep with B. melitensis results in abortion during the third trimester of pregnancy. Although nearly eradicated in the US, bovine brucellosis is still a problem in many countries and the potential for re-infection of domestic stock from wildlife reservoirs in this country is a regulatory nightmare. Humans infected with this pathogen develop undulant fever, which is characterized by pyrexia, arthritis, osteomyelitis, and spondylitis. Although available for both organisms, currently available vaccines have problems ranging from false positive serological reactions to limited efficacy in different animal species. With the continued need for new and better vaccines, we have further developed a goat model system to test new genetically derived strains of B. melitensis and B. abortus for virulence as measured by colonization of maternal and fetal tissues, vaccine safety, and vaccine efficacy.  相似文献   

9.
Incidence and control of brucellosis in the Near East region   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
In countries of the Near East region, brucellosis was reported in almost all domestic animals, particularly cattle, sheep and goats. Brucellosis in camels has been reported in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Iraq, Iran, Sudan, Egypt, Libya and Somalia. It has been reported even in racing camels in the United Arab Emirates. In Egypt, brucellosis has been reported also in buffaloes, equines and swine. Brucella melitensis biovar 3 is the most commonly isolated species from animals in Egypt, Jordan, Israel, Tunisia and Turkey. B. melitensis biovar 2 was reported in Turkey and Saudi Arabia, and B. melitensis biovar 1 in Libya, Oman and Israel. B. abortus biovar 1 was reported in Egypt, biovar 2 in Iran, biovar 3 in Iran and Turkey, and biovar 6 in Sudan. The countries with the highest incidence of human brucellosis are Saudi Arabia, Iran, Palestinian Authority, Syria, Jordan and Oman. Bahrain is reported to have zero incidence. Most human cases are caused by B. melitensis, particularly biovar 3. However, B. abortus has been responsible for an increasing number of cases in recent years, e.g. in Yemen, where B. abortus was identified in 45 cases and B. melitensis in 7 cases out of 330 cultures performed in 1995. Concerning control of brucellosis in animals, there is a controversy on the choice of policy. In some countries, the test and slaughter policy together with the vaccination of young females is adopted, in others, particularly with regard to sheep and goats; mass vaccination has been recently started. The most commonly used vaccines are B. abortus S19 and B. melitensis Rev.1 vaccines. B. abortus RB51 vaccine is used in some countries on small scale. Vaccination is limited to cattle and small ruminants.  相似文献   

10.
不同混播方式豆禾混播草地生产性能的综合评价   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
对红豆草、紫花苜蓿、红三叶、鸭茅、无芒雀麦和猫尾草6种豆禾牧草在混播种类为混3-1(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和紫花苜蓿混播)、混3-2(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和红豆草混播)、混4-1(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和紫花苜蓿、红三叶混播)、混4-2(鸭茅、无芒雀麦和紫花苜蓿、红豆草混播)、混5-1(鸭茅、无芒雀麦、猫尾草和紫花苜蓿、红三叶混播)、混5-2(鸭茅、无芒雀麦、猫尾草和紫花苜蓿、红豆草混播)和混6(6种豆禾牧草混播)与混播比例为豆禾比5∶5,4∶6和3∶7条件下建立的混播草地连续2年的生产性能进行了灰色关联度分析,并建立了包含牧草产量、牧草营养品质、种间相容性和群落稳定性在内的生产性能评价模型。结果表明,混6组合具有较高生产性能,且高于其他混播种类组合,而不同混播比例组合生产性能相差不大;根据各混播组合的生产性能,可将21个混播组合分为3类,生态稳定型(混6)种间相容性、群落稳定性及产量均较高,适宜长期持续利用;产量型(混5-2、混4-2和混3-2)产量较高,牧草品质较差,特别是叶茎比较低,适宜放养耐粗饲牲畜;营养品质型(混5-1、混4-1和混3-1)产量较低,牧草营养品质较高,特别是具较高叶茎比,适宜放养对牧草品质要求较高牲畜。  相似文献   

11.
This study aimed to analyze the microbiota composition and diversity and the distribution of Bacteroides in duodenal, jejunal, ileal and caecal contents in healthy ducks. The contents of duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum were collected aseptically from 20 healthy adult Gaoyou ducks (70-day-old, half male and female), and the bacterial DNA of intestinal contents were extracted. The IonS5TMXL platform was used for 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, the microbiota structure and abundance, as well as the distribution of Bacteroides were analyzed. The results showed that the microbiota abundance in duodenal and jejunal contents was significantly higher than that in ileal and caecal contents (P<0.05), the microbiota diversity in ileal contents was the lowest. The microbiota structure in duodenal and jejunal contents was similar, they were different from that in ileum, and especially cecum. The dominant phyla in the intestinal contents of healthy duck were Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. The relative abundance of these phyla were different in different intestinal segment contents. The different microbial species were colonized in different intestinal segments, and the differential phyla in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and cecum were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, respectively. There were 28 kinds of Bacteroides species in duck intestine, among them, B. acidifaciens, B. barnesiae, B. caccae, B. caecicola, B. coprocola, B. sp and B. luti were significantly clustered in the cecum, and B. caecigallinarum, B. plebeius and B. barnesiae were dominantly colonized in duck cecum. The results indicate that intestinal space significantly affects the microbiota abundance and diversity, and different intestinal segments were colonized by differential microorganism, which is consistent with the intestinal segment niche and function. In the cecum, the dominant colonization of Bacteroides may be related to its physiological and biochemical functions.  相似文献   

12.
旨在分析健康鸭十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物菌群组成、多样性特征以及拟杆菌分布。本研究选择健康高邮鸭20只,公母各半,70日龄时无菌采集十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物,提取肠道内容物细菌基因组,利用IonS5TMXL平台进行高通量测序,分析肠道内容物菌群结构与丰度特征以及拟杆菌的分布。结果表明,十二指肠、空肠内容物菌群丰度显著高于回肠和盲肠内容物（P<0.05）,回肠内容物菌群多样性最低;十二指肠和空肠内菌群群落结构较为相似,与回肠,特别是盲肠的相似度较小。健康鸭肠内优势菌门为拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和梭杆菌门（Fusobacteria）,上述菌门在各肠段内容物中相对丰度不同;不同肠段内容物中定植了不同差异微生物物种,十二指肠、空肠、回肠和盲肠内容物中差异菌门分别是变形菌门、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门。鸭肠道中共分析到28种拟杆菌种,其中B.acidifaciens、B.barnesiae、B.caccae、B.caecicola、B.coprocola、B.sp和B.luti在盲肠内容物中显著聚类,且B.caecigallinarum、B.plebeius和B.barnesiae在鸭盲肠中优势定植。结果显示,鸭肠段空间显著影响了其内容物中菌群丰度与多样性,不同肠段内定植了差异的优势微生物物种,这可能与肠段小环境以及功能一致,在盲肠内容物中优势定植拟杆菌,推测可能与鸭盲肠生理生化功能相关。  相似文献   

13.
绿洲-沙漠过渡带引种植物光合生理特征研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了研究引种植物在绿洲-沙漠过渡带极端干旱条件下的适应性,在自然条件下对3种引种植物文冠果、酸枣、紫叶小檗的光合、水分等生理指标进行了研究。结果表明,1) 3种植物的光响应曲线变化趋势基本一致,均表现为随着光合有效辐射(PAR)的增大净光合速率(Pn)先增大后减小;文冠果和紫叶小檗的光饱和点明显高于酸枣(P<0.01),说明文冠果和紫叶小檗利用强光的能力较大,对光环境的适应性较强;紫叶小檗的最大净光合速率(Pnmax)和暗呼吸速率(Rd)也明显高于文冠果和酸枣,表明紫叶小檗具有高光合耐胁迫的优势。2)3种植物的叶绿素含量和丙二醛含量的变化一致,文冠果均显著高于其他2种植物(P<0.05);3种植物的可溶性糖含量差异不显著(P＞0.05),而紫叶小檗的脯氨酸含量显著高于其他2种植物(P<0.01),说明在该生境下紫叶小檗能够较好的保持体内水分含量,较好的适应该生境。3) 3种植物的清晨水势和正午水势都有相同的大小关系,都是文冠果较大,酸枣最小,而且植物种之间差异极显著(P<0.01),说明紫叶小檗和酸枣的吸水能力较强,它们主要依靠夜间水分恢复能力来应对干旱环境。总的来说,3种植物的光合参数及生理指标的变化趋势不是完全一致,这可能是由于植物种之间的个体差异,以及不同植物对同一生境的差异所致,因此,要想选取适合在策勒绿洲-沙漠过渡带大面积种植的引种植物,还需做进一步的研究。  相似文献   

14.
2006-2007年通过对14个臂形草品种的生产性能和品质特性的研究,旨在筛选出适宜于热带、亚热带地区种植的高产、优质牧草品种,为热带水土保持和畜牧业的持续发展提供依据,结果表明,1)所引种牧草的存活率、越冬率都在97%以上,说明所引种牧草的适应性强;除MG-4珊状臂形草感染了叶锈病以外,其他牧草的抗病虫害能力强。2)种植第1年Mulato 1杂交臂形草干物质产量最高为(34.84±3.98) t/hm2 ,与刚果臂形草、Mekong珊状臂形草、杂交臂形草、MG-5×Araes珊状臂形草、MG-5 Vitoria珊状臂形草、MG-4珊状臂形草、Mulato 2杂交臂形草之间差异不显著。3)相关性分析表明,丛径、叶长、叶宽、株高、叶/茎、种子产量与地上生物量呈正相关,对地上生物量的影响大小为:叶宽＞种子产量＞叶/茎＞株高＞叶长＞丛径。4)选择干草产量、粗蛋白、适口性、抗逆性作为综合评价供试品种优劣的指标,用灰色关联法评价牧草,结果表明,杂交旗草、Mulato 1杂交臂形草、Mekong珊状臂形草、Mulato 2杂交臂形草、MG-5×Araes珊状臂形草、刚果臂形草、MG-5 Vitoria珊状臂形草居前7位,它们属高产、质优、适口性好、抗性强的高产优质牧草品种。  相似文献   

15.
Lymphatic filariasis has been targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO) to be eliminated by the year 2020. In addition to chemotherapy and vector control, the control of reservoir hosts is necessary for the control program to succeed. Malayan filariasis, caused by Brugia malayi, is endemic in the South of Thailand where domestic cats serve as the major reservoir host. However, in nature, domestic cats also carry B. pahangi, Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens infections and it is difficult to distinguish the different filarial species from each other just by morphology. To assess the burden of filarial parasites, we performed a study on domestic cats in an endemic area of malayan filariasis in the Prasang district, of Surat Thani, a province in Southern Thailand. Together with Giemsa staining and acid phosphatase activity studies, we performed PCR-RFLP analysis on the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). PCR-RFLP with Ase I could clearly differentiate between B. malayi, B. pahangi, D. immitis and D. repens. Out of the 52 cats studied, filarial parasites were identified in 5 (9.5%) cats, of which 4 (7.6%) were B. pahangi and 1 (1.9%) D. immitis. This PCR-RFLP technique detected two additional cats that were not detected by microscopy. The domestic cats are not an important host of B. malayi in this region. We could develop the PCR-RFLP assay test for differentiating filarial nematodes which can be applied to survey human, animal reservoir hosts and mosquito vectors in endemic areas.  相似文献   

16.
Zoonotic transmission of sylvatic plague caused by Yersinia pestis occurs in California, USA. Human infections with various Bartonella species have been reported recently. Coyotes (Canis latrans) are ubiquitous throughout California and can become infected with both bacterial agents, making the species useful for surveillance purposes. This study examined the geographic distribution of 863 coyotes tested for Y. pestis and Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii serologic status to gain insight into the natural history of B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and to characterize the spatial distribution of the two agents.

We found 11.7% of specimens positive to Y. pestis and 35.5% positive to B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii. The two pathogens had distinct spatial clusters: Y. pestis was more prevalent in eastern portions of the state and B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii in coastal regions. Prevalence of Y. pestis increased with increasing elevation, whereas prevalence of B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii decreased with increasing elevation. There were differences in the proportions of positive animals on a yearly basis to both pathogens.  相似文献   


17.
In 2005 and 2006, three adult female chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) were found dead with signs of acute babesial infection in the eastern Swiss Alps. PCR on DNA extracted from blood or spleen of the carcasses revealed sequence identity of the amplified part of the 18S rRNA gene with GenBank entries attributed to Babesia divergens of cattle origin or B. capreoli of wild ruminant origin which have never been described before in this region. Examination of 424 blood samples from 314 head of cattle from this area by IFAT, microscopy and PCR provided no evidence for babesial infection. Six of 887 ticks collected from cattle were PCR-positive, and sequencing revealed Babesia sp. genotype EU1 in five and B. divergens/B. capreoli in one of them. A Babesia isolate of chamois, two isolates of roe deer from the same region and one isolate of a roe deer from the north-western Swiss Alps were genetically compared with two Swiss B. divergens isolates of cattle origin by analysing the genomic rDNA locus. Whereas the near full length sequences of the 18S rRNA gene were virtually identical among all six isolates (>99.4% identity), distinct differences between the two isolates from cattle on the one hand and the four isolates from free-ranging ruminants on the other hand were observed in the sequences of the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and part of the 28S rRNA gene. These results indicate that, albeit genetically very closely related, these babesial organisms from cattle and from free-ranging ruminants indeed are distinguishable organisms with different host specificities, and they support the use of the discrete species name B. capreoli for the B. divergens-like organisms from chamois and roe deer.  相似文献   

18.
为探查枯草芽孢杆菌和放线菌对植物抗盐性的影响,采用培养皿法研究枯草芽孢杆菌和3种放线菌（粉孢类群2-5、淡紫灰类群6-3和烬灰类群1-6）对盐胁迫下鬼针草和鳢肠种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：1）枯草芽孢杆菌和3种放线菌在25~75 mmol·L-1盐浓度下提高鬼针草种子发芽率,而4种菌液对盐胁迫下鳢肠种子发芽率影响较小。2）枯草芽孢杆菌和3种放线菌对盐胁迫下鬼针草根长作用较小,对鳢肠根长具有不同程度的促生作用。3）4种菌液对盐胁迫下鬼针草茎长作用较小,对鳢肠茎长具有显著的促生作用,100 mmol·L-1盐浓度下鳢肠茎长分别增加了30.56%、28.57%、26.47%和24.24%。4）枯草芽孢杆菌和3种放线菌对盐胁迫下鬼针草干重影响较小,但能不同程度地提高鳢肠干重。枯草芽孢杆菌和3种放线菌对盐胁迫下鬼针草种子发芽率和鳢肠根长、茎长及干重具有较显著的促生作用,有利于鬼针草和鳢肠幼苗适应盐逆境。  相似文献   

19.
王俐媛  王坚  李雪枫  赵元辰  许超 《草地学报》2022,30(11):3018-3025
为探究根系分泌物在牧草与杂草种间相互干扰中的作用，采用营养液水培和土壤盆栽法研究‘热研2号’柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis Sw. ‘Reyan No.2’)和鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)根系分泌物对彼此生长的影响。结果表明：无植株体接触情况下，柱花草根系分泌物对鬼针草表现出化感抑制作用，而鬼针草根系分泌物对柱花草表现为化感促进作用;柱花草和鬼针草在根系不完全接触时的根长、根体积、生物量均高于根系自由接触(P<0.05)，根系无接触时二者的根长、分枝数、生物量也均高于根系自由接触(P<0.05);竞争效应分析发现，根系不完全接触时柱花草的竞争能力强于鬼针草，而根系自由接触时竞争能力弱于鬼针草。说明土培伴生生长时柱花草根系分泌物也可以抑制鬼针草的生长，但鬼针草能通过增强地上部竞争能力来抵御柱花草根系分泌物的化感干扰，二者的种间关系是资源竞争和化感作用共同作用的结果。  相似文献   

20.
The Brucella genome at the beginning of the post-genomic era   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
The year 2002 began with the publication of the first complete genome sequence for a Brucella species, that of the two replicons of B. melitensis 16M. Hopefully in 2002, the complete genome of B. suis 1330, and, perhaps, a B. abortus strain will be published. This is the culmination of over 30 years investigation of the composition, structure, organisation and evolution of the Brucella genome. Brucella research must now adapt to the new challenges of the post-genomic era.  相似文献   

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