共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
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威宁草海湿地是国家级自然保护区,主要以黑颈鹤等珍稀鸟类及湿地生态系统为其保护对象,其生态系统比较脆弱,极易被破坏而难以恢复,其中一个重要影响因素就是外来入侵物种。从草海湿地的重要性、外来入侵物种对草海湿地破坏性以及防治外来入侵物种等方面阐述全面系统调查威宁草海湿地外来入侵物种种类、入侵途径的必要性。 相似文献
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四川省主要外来入侵有害生物危害及防除策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前四川省共发现外来入侵生物21科62种,杂草居多。一些外来入侵有害生物,如福寿螺、紫茎泽兰等入侵四川省已多年,且分布较广,对农牧业生产造成了较大危害。四川省针对几种外来入侵有害生物广泛开展防除示范和灭除活动,积累和总结了丰富的防除技术措施。 相似文献
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文章将2015年4月~2016年4月河北省沧州中西医结合医院骨科收治的实行常规外来医疗器械管理57例患者划分为对照组,将2017年5月~2018年5月河北省沧州中西医结合医院骨科收治的实行风险外来医疗器械管理57例患者划分为观察组,对比两组外来医疗器械质量及手术感染率,目的是探究风险管理对骨科外来医疗器械质量及手术感染率的影响。结果发现,对照组外来医疗器械质量及手术感染率各项指标与观察组相比二者差异明显,两组数据具备统计学研究意义(P<0.05)。其中,骨科外来医疗器械实行风险管理的效果显著,能明显消除影响外来医疗器械质量的风险因素,大大降低手术感染发生率,有助于机体康复,值得在临床管理领域中使用及推广。 相似文献
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三秋生产开始以来，肥城市农机局针对外来作业机械逐步增多的实际，采取切实可行的措施，为外来跨区作业机械提供快捷及时的服务，解除了机手的后顾之忧。 相似文献
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外来植物入侵的生物多样性响应及其生态防护研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《南方农机》2020,(12)
近年来,随着外来植物的入侵,我国生态环境受到了极大的威胁。文章主要探究了外来植物入侵对土壤生物多样性的影响及生物多样性响应,并提出生态防护措施,以供参考。 相似文献
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随着我国市场经济的发展和深化,劳动关系出现了多元化和复杂化的特点,但由于相关法律制度不完备和劳动保障不完善等因素,劳资矛盾时有发生。政府具有很大的公信力,是维护劳动者权益的主体,如何发挥政府在建立和谐劳资关系中的作用,是需要关注和积极探讨的问题。 相似文献
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农村劳动人口不断外流对农业生产提出了挑战,特别是在耕地细碎化地区,面临着弃耕抛荒风险。乡村振兴战略的提出,对农村发展提出了新的要求,而耕地是农业发展最重要、最基本的要素,耕地问题的解决对于农业发展具有重要意义。以大别山地带C村为案例,就耕地利用现状、抛荒问题出现的原因及如何解决抛荒问题等方面展开研究,通过对居民、承包户的访谈及对居民生活的调研,对该地区耕种现状进行摸底,发现耕地细碎化地区的耕种形式以承包、代耕、散耕为主,难以吸收全部耕地,不具有长久性。从农村社会发展的视角出发,围绕利用在村资源延伸宗族模式、合理承包转租、促进整地复耕和推动土地整合4个方面,提出了缓解耕地细碎化弃耕问题、提高耕地利用率的建议。 相似文献
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农村劳动人口不断外流对农业生产提出了挑战,特别是在耕地细碎化地区,面临着弃耕抛荒风险。乡村振兴战略的提出,对农村发展提出新的要求,而耕地是农业发展最重要、最基本的要素,耕地问题的解决对于农业发展具有重要意义。本研究以大别山带C村为案例,就耕地利用现状、抛荒问题出现的原因以及如何解决抛荒问题等方面展开研究,通过对居民、承包户的访谈以及对居民生活进行考察,对该地区耕种现状进行摸底,发现耕地细碎化地区的耕种形式以承包、代耕、散耕为主,难以吸收全部耕地,不具有长久性。从农村社会发展的视角出发,并围绕利用在村资源延伸宗族模式、合理承包转租、促进整地复耕、推动土地整合四个方面,提出了缓解耕地细碎化弃耕问题、提高耕地利用率的建议。 相似文献
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《Agricultural Systems》1986,19(1):37-54
Insect pest problems in agroforestry are likely to arise from two sources: those problems associated with the importation of wild plants into intensively managed ecosystems and those related to some peculiar features of agroforestry. These problems become more prominent if the imported woody plants are taxonomically related to the food or commercial crops of a recipient country. In this paper, the insect pest complex of the leguminous genus Acacia, with emphasis on Acacia mollissima (=mearnsii), is briefly reviewed to illustrate the potential insect pest problems to the exotic plants themselves and how, as companion crops, the exotic plants may compound the pest problems of food legume crops. There is presently a contention that agricultural insect pest management strategies are duplicatable in agroforestry systems. But the bio-ecological factors governing the population dynamics of the insect pests in the two systems are not necessarily the same. This is largely because agroforestry, with time, matures into a complex system of perennial woody plants whose ecology is temporarily interrupted by the cultural processes of crop husbandry and harvesting of these annual crops, while the modern, herbaceous-agricultural systems remain perpetually youthful as ripened crops are harvested and the unwanted vegetative parts ploughed down or removed off the fields. Because of this, the author has suggested that new sets of data are required for insect pest management in agroforestry systems. Data on insect pest behaviour as influenced by (i) plant species diversity, (ii) perennial woody plants, (iii) age of the agroforestry system and (iv) the cropping pattern and relatedness of the companion crops, are considered paramount at this stage of agroforestry science. 相似文献
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甘肃贫困地区妇女的地位和作用调查研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
课题组对甘肃省会宁等6个县14个村抽样调查发现:贫困地区的农村妇女生育状况落后、家庭环境卫生状况落后、家庭地位低、社会政治地位低、同时承担繁重的家务劳动和农业生产劳动。贫困家庭妇女不仅是主要的农业劳动者,而且是维持家庭生存和生活、孩子抚育和受教育监督、家庭卫生健康和疾病预防的主力。因此,加强妇女儿童的身体健康与保护,尽快铲除贫困发生的社会根源,逐步形成并完善农村医疗保障机制;提高贫困地区妇女的实用劳动技能和素质教育,提高贫困地区妇女的政治地位,消除不利于妇女参与扶贫开发的不利因素,为妇女的参与创造机会等,是提高农村妇女的地位和发挥其作用的主要途径。 相似文献
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通过对陕西关中地区绿地绿篱树种资源及造景现状调查，结果表明在该地区应用的绿篱树种涉及25科，77种。其中常绿、半常绿树种33种占42.9%；落叶树种有44种，占57.1%。观叶树37种，观花树40种，观果16种，具刺树种8种。通过对调查的绿篱资源的应用与造景现状分析，存在绿篱植物多样性差、营造的景观雷同、多地管理粗放和造景效果不佳的问题。该文提出生态优先，加强乡土树种的应用，适度引用外来种，大力开发当地野生资源来丰富植物多样性；运用绿篱造景要坚持多样与统一、协调与对比、均衡、韵律和节奏变化、融入文化内涵的原则，以增强景观异质性；通过加强从业人员的培训，提高管理技术水平，以提升绿篱景观观赏价值。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献