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1.
Galuppi R Militerno G Bassi P Nanni A Testoni S Tampieri MP Gentile A 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,184(1):88-91
In May and July 2010 and in March 2011, the presence of multiple bleeding nodules at the level of the neck, shoulders, withers, back and rump in five cattle from three herds in north-central Italy were observed. A diagnosis of parafilariosis was made. Fragments of adult females of Parafilaria bovicola could be identified from the derma of three to five bioptic extirpates. Larvated eggs and free larvae were observed in serohemorrhagic exudates.This paper is the first report of the occurrence of parafilariosis in Italy and subsequent to the various outbreaks reported, it can now be said that bovine parafilariosis is also currently present in Italy. 相似文献
2.
Thomas Henniger Pauline Henniger Thekla Grossmann Ottmar Distl Martin Ganter Friederike D von Loewenich 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):38
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular tick-transmitted bacterium that replicates in neutrophils. It causes tick-borne fever (TBF) in sheep and cattle, but also elicits febrile disease in humans as well as in other domestic animals such as dogs, horses, and cats. Although increasingly recognized in Europe, the first laboratory-confirmed case of TBF in cattle from Germany has been published only recently. We here present the unusual case of an intrauterine transmission of A. phagocytophilum in a calf from northern Germany. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such an event occurring under field conditions in cattle. 相似文献
3.
Anja Taubert Nikola Pantchev Majda Globokar Vrhovec Christian Bauer Carlos Hermosilla 《Veterinary parasitology》2009
Faecal samples of 4151 dogs from Denmark, 958 dogs from Germany and 231 cats from Germany with clinical signs were examined for lungworm larvae using the Baermann funnel technique between 2003 and 2007. In total, 3.6% of Danish and German dogs shed lungworm larvae. In Denmark, patent infections of dogs with Angiostrongylus vasorum were more prevalent (2.2%) than those with Crenosoma vulpis (1.4%). In Denmark, the majority of A. vasorum- (98%) and C. vulpis-infected (80%) dogs originated from Northern Zealand. The frequency of A. vasorum and C. vulpis infections in Danish dogs obviously decreased from 2003 to 2006. In Germany, canine faecal samples were found more frequently positive for C. vulpis than for A. vasorum larvae (2.4% and 1.2%, respectively). Lungworm-infected dogs originated mainly from southern and western Germany. Larvae of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus were detected in 5.6% of cats from Germany. Overall, a distinct seasonal pattern in the detection of infected dogs was apparent for A. vasorum in Denmark and C. vulpis in Germany. The relatively high number of lungworm-infected dogs and cats indicate that these parasitic diseases should be considered in differential diagnosis of cases of treatment-resistant respiratory/cardiopulmonary distress. 相似文献
4.
Tsai YL Chomel BB Chang CC Kass PH Conrad PA Chuang ST 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(2):179-187
Bartonella and Babesia infections and the association with cattle breed and age as well as tick species infesting selected cattle herds in Taiwan were investigated. Blood samples were collected from 518 dairy cows and 59 beef cattle on 14 farms and 415 ticks were collected from these animals or in a field. Bartonella and Babesia species were isolated and/or detected in the cattle blood samples and from a selected subset (n = 254) of the ticks either by culture or DNA extraction, PCR testing and DNA sequence analysis. Bartonella bovis was isolated from a dairy cow and was detected in 25 (42.4%) beef cattle and 40 (15.7%) tick DNA samples. This is the first isolation of B. bovis from cattle in Asia and detection of a wide variety of Bartonella species in Rhipicephalus microplus. Babesia spp. were detected only on one farm from dairy cows either infected by Babesia bovis (n = 10, 1.9%) or B. bigemina (n = 3, 0.6%). 相似文献
5.
Sarah Bonnet Nadine Brisseau Axelle Hermouet Maggy Jouglin Alain Chauvin 《Veterinary research》2009,40(3)
Babesia sp. (EU1), first characterized in 2003, has been implicated in human cases of babesiosis in Italy, Austria and Germany. It has been identified in roe deer and in its suspected tick vector, Ixodes ricinus, in several European countries. The aim of the present study was to validate the competence of I. ricinus as a vector of Babesia sp. (EU1) via experimental infections. For this purpose, a parasite strain isolated from roe deer was cloned in sheep erythrocytes. After experimental infections, parasite DNA was successfully amplified by PCR in both eggs and larvae originating from infected I. ricinus females and in the salivary glands of females exposed to Babesia sp. (EU1) as nymphs. We also demonstrate that infected females were able to transmit parasite DNA during a new blood meal. Together with previous epidemiological studies, these results validate I. ricinus as a competent vector for Babesia sp. (EU1). 相似文献
6.
Background
This study investigated seasonal changes in naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections on two Lithuanian goat farms with different parasite control practices.Findings
On both farms, nematode faecal egg counts (FEC) and larval cultures were obtained from 15 adult and 10 young goats at bi-weekly intervals from April 2012 to April 2013. Goats on farm A were dewormed with ivermectin (0.3 mg/kg body weight) in October/November 2012, whereas the animals on farm B were left untreated. Thirteen young goats were slaughtered in August/November 2012 and April 2013 and worm burdens in the gastrointestinal tract were enumerated. In goats from both farms, Teladorsagia, Trichostrongylus, Oesophagostomum, Chabertia and Haemonchus were the dominant GIN genera. Herbage contamination with infective third-stage larvae (L3) peaked in July/August and resulted in high FEC in September/October. Parasitological examination at slaughter showed that Teladorsagia spp. and Haemonchus contortus survived the winter, both in the abomasal mucosa as adults and as early fourth-stage larvae (EL4). Deworming on farm A significantly reduced FEC, especially of H. contortus, at the start of the grazing period compared with the untreated farm B (P < 0.05).Conclusions
Goats were heavily infected with several GIN throughout the year. Strategic anthelmintic treatment during housing significantly reduced nematode egg output, in particular by H. contortus, at the start of the grazing season. 相似文献7.
Sigita Ramonait? Anita Rokaityt? Egl? Tamulevi?ien? Alvydas Malakauskas Thomas Alter Mindaugas Malakauskas 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2013,55(1):87
Background
Campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease, and animals such as poultry, pigs and cattle may act as reservoirs for Campylobacter spp. Cattle shed Campylobacter spp. into the environment and they can act as a reservoir for human infection directly via contact with cattle or their faeces or indirectly by consumption of contaminated food. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, the quantitative load and the genetic strain diversity of Campylobacter spp. in dairy cattle of different age groups.Results
Faecal samples of 200 dairy cattle from three farms in the central part of Lithuania were collected and examined for Campylobacter. Cattle herds of all three farms were Campylobacter spp. positive, with a prevalence ranging from 75% (farm I), 77.5% (farm II) to 83.3% (farm III). Overall, the highest prevalence was detected in calves (86.5%) and heifers (86.2%). In contrast, the lowest Campylobacter prevalence was detectable in dairy cows (60.6%). C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari and C. fetus subsp. fetus were identified in faecal samples of dairy cattle. C. upsaliensis was not detectable in any sample. The high counts of Campylobacter spp. were observed in faecal material of dairy cattle (average 4.5 log10 cfu/g). The highest numbers of Campylobacter spp. were found in faecal samples from calves (average 5.3 log10 cfu/g), whereas, faecal samples from cows harboured the lowest number of Campylobacter spp. (average 3.7 log10 cfu/g). Genotyping by flaA PCR-RFLP analysis of selected C. jejuni isolates showed that some genotypes were present in all farms and all age groups. However, farm or age specific genotypes were also identified.Conclusions
Future studies are needed to investigate risk factors related to the degree of colonisation in cattle. Based on that, possible measures to reduce the colonisation and subsequent shedding of Campylobacter in cattle could be established. It is important to further investigate the epidemiology of Campylobacter in the cattle population in order to assess associated risks to public health. 相似文献8.
Hee-Jin Dong Ae-Ri Cho Tae-Wook Hahn Seongbeom Cho 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2014,15(2):317-325
A multiplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification (mLAMP) assay was developed for simultaneous detection of the stx1 and stx2 genes and applied for detection of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in cattle farm samples. Two target genes were distinguished based on Tm values of 85.03 ± 0.54℃ for stx1 and 87.47 ± 0.35℃ for stx2. The mLAMP assay was specific (100% inclusivity and exclusivity), sensitive (with a detection limit as low as 10 fg/µL), and quantifiable (R2 = 0.9313). The efficacy and sensitivity were measured to evaluate applicability of the mLAMP assay to cattle farm samples. A total of 12 (12/253; 4.7%) and 17 (17/253; 6.7%) STEC O157, and 11 (11/236; 4.7%) non-O157 STEC strains were isolated from cattle farm samples by conventional selective culture, immunomagnetic separation, and PCR-based culture methods, respectively. The coinciding multiplex PCR and mLAMP results for the types of shiga toxin revealed the value of the mLAMP assay in terms of accuracy and rapidity for characterizing shiga toxin genes. Furthermore, the high detection rate of specific genes from enrichment broth samples indicates the potential utility of this assay as a screening method for detecting STEC in cattle farm samples. 相似文献
9.
Kaur P Filia G Singh SV Patil PK Ravi Kumar GV Sandhu KS 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(2):163-169
Johne's disease is chronic granulomatous infectious enteritis of animals caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. A total of 153 animals from 19 dairy farms, 2 gaushalas (unproductive-animal rehabilitation centers), 2 goat and 2 sheep farms from different districts of the Punjab region were selected on the basis of clinical signs of disease. All samples from cattle (n = 86), buffalo (n = 34), goat (n = 25) and sheep (n = 26) were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen staining and DNA extraction by a freeze and thaw method. Ziehl-Neelsen staining detected 71% samples positive for acid-fast bacilli whereas IS900 PCR detected 55% positive for Map DNA. IS1311 PCR-REA analysis of IS900 positive samples revealed ‘Bison’ type as the most prevalent (82%) genotype of Map, infecting all domestic ruminants. ‘Cattle’ type was present in a minority of cases (15%) from cattle, buffaloes and goats. This is the first report of ‘Cattle’ type Map from buffalo and goat species in India. 相似文献
10.
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin (S. Dublin) receives increasing attention in cattle production. It is host-adapted to cattle, and leads to unacceptable levels of morbidity, mortality and production losses in both newly and persistently infected herds. Cattle health promoting institutions in several countries are currently constructing active surveillance programmes or voluntary certification programmes, and encourage control and eradication of S. Dublin infected cattle herds. There is a need to understand the underlying pathogenesis of the infection at both animal and herd level to design successful programmes. Furthermore, knowledge about and access to diagnostic tests for use in practice including information about test accuracy and interpretation of available diagnostic test methods are requested. 相似文献
11.
Johne's disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), remains difficult to control because of the lack of specific and sensitive diagnostic tests. In order to improve the specificity of sero-diagnosis for JD, the phage display library derived from genomic DNA of MAP was immunoscreened to identify novel antigenic targets. We selected a clone using antibodies from MAP experimentally infected cattle, and annotated its coding sequence as MAP1197 in the MAP genome, which encoded “echA12_2” in the MAP protein (Map-echA) belonging to Enoyl-CoA hydratase, known as a crotonase enzyme. The Map-echA was expressed in Esherichia coli and purified as a histidine-tag recombinant protein (rMap-echA), and the diagnostic potential of the protein was further evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Antibody responses to rMap-echA were higher in MAP-infected cattle than in uninfected cattle. The specificity of the Map-echA ELISA was also confirmed by evaluation with hyper-immune sera against various kinds of Mycobacterium species. Furthermore, in all experimentally infected cattle the antibody against rMap-echA was detected 2–7 months earlier than by a commercially available ELISA kit. These results suggested that Map-echA can be used as a specific and sensitive serological diagnostic antigen for the detection of MAP infection. 相似文献
12.
The efficacy of eprinomectin in an extended-release injection (ERI) formulation was determined in cattle harboring naturally acquired infestations of first- or second- and third-stage larvae of Hypoderma spp. in three studies conducted according to the same protocol in the USA (two studies) and Germany (one study). Thirty cattle sourced from herds with a history of Hypoderma infestation were included in each study. Cattle were formed into replicates of three animals each on the basis of pre-treatment anti-Hypoderma antibody titers. Within replicates each animal was randomly allocated to one of the following treatments: ERI vehicle (control) at 1 mL/50 kg bodyweight, administered once on Day 0; Eprinomectin 5% ERI at 1 mL/50 kg bodyweight (1.0 mg eprinomectin/kg), administered once on Day 0 (when larvae were expected to be first instars); or Eprinomectin 5% ERI at 1 mL/50 kg bodyweight (1.0 mg eprinomectin/kg), administered once when larvae were second or third instars (study dependent, Day 73, 119, or 140). Treatments were administered by subcutaneous injection in front of the shoulder. In all studies, emerging and/or expressed Hypoderma larvae were recovered, speciated, and counted and viability was determined. Eprinomectin LAI treatment was 100% (p < 0.05) efficacious against first- and second- or third-stage larvae of Hypoderma bovis (two studies) and Hypoderma lineatum (one study). All animals accepted the treatment well. No adverse reaction to treatments was observed in any animal in any study. 相似文献
13.
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes Johne's disease in ruminants and may contribute to Crohn's disease in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence and quantity of MAP in cattle feces and milk in the Iranian context. In addition, we evaluated the effect of cattle age as well as farming system as risk factors contributing to MAP load. For this, a total sample of 373 consisting of 150 cattle feces (CF), 150 individual cow's milk (ICM), as well as 73 bulk-tank milk (BTM) was collected randomly and regardless of the cattle health status. The samples were assayed using F57 quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and culture method. According to the results of qPCR which was found ∼10 times more sensitive than culture assay, MAP was detected in 68.66% (103/150) of the CF, 12% (18/150) of the ICM and 52.05% (38/73) of the BTM samples. In contrast to the previous reports, the quantity of MAP in the BTM (2.03–5.97 log cfu/50 ml) was statistically (p < 0.01) higher than the ICM (0.90–1.97 log cfu/50 ml). Data suggested a direct relation (p < 0.01) between the cattle age and the quantity of MAP in the CF samples, while the relation was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) for the ICM. In addition, MAP load in the BTM samples obtained from traditional farms was significantly (p < 0.01) higher than that of the industrial ones, while the differences in CF and ICM was not significant (p > 0.05). 相似文献
14.
Madoka ICHIKAWA-SEKI Azirwan GUSWANTO Puttik ALLAMANDA Euis Siti MARIAMAH Putut Eko WIBOWO Yoshifumi NISHIKAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2016,78(1):121-123
Neospora caninum can cause fetal abortion and neonatal mortality in
cattle, and is a cause of economic concern worldwide. This study aimed to determine the
prevalence of Neospora caninum-specific antibodies in cattle from Western
Java, Indonesia. Serum samples from 991 cattle from 21 locations were tested for
antibodies to N. caninum by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(ELISA) on the basis of recombinant NcSAG1. The overall seroprevalence was 16.6%, ranging
from 0 to 87.5% in the sampled locations. The results of this study indicate latent
infection rates of sampled animals were different in each location. Further studies are
necessary to elucidate the relationship between N. caninum infection and
abortion in cattle, and to identify risk factors for infection in high-prevalence
environments. 相似文献
15.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in wild and domestic ruminants sharing pastures in Galicia (Northwest Spain) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
R. Panadero A. Painceira C. López L. Vázquez A. Paz P. Díaz V. Dacal S. Cienfuegos G. Fernández N. Lago P. Díez-Baños P. Morrondo 《Research in veterinary science》2010,88(1):111-108
The prevalence of antibodies to the protozoan parasites Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum were investigated by the direct agglutination test (DAT) and cELISA, respectively, in 160 roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), 177 sheep and 178 cattle sharing pastures in Galicia (Northwest Spain). The seroprevalence for T. gondii was 13.7% in roe deer, 57% in sheep and 7.3% in cattle. The seroprevalence for N. canimum was 6.8%, 10.1% and 24.1% in roe deer, sheep and cattle, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between sheep and the other species for T. gondii and between cattle and the other ruminants for N. caninum. Only 19/515 animals were positive for both, T. gondii and N. caninum. Statistically significant differences were observed among different geographical areas for T. gondii but not for Neospora, seroprevalence being higher in the coastal area lower than in other areas. This study reveals a widespread exposure to T. gondii in Galician ruminants, and therefore, those species, particularly sheep, should be regarded as a potential source of infection for humans. 相似文献
16.
Akifumi OHTANI Masahito KUBO Hiroshi SHIMODA Kenji OHYA Tadashi IRIBE Daiki OHISHI Daiji ENDOH Tsutomu OMATSU Tetsuya MIZUTANI Hideto FUKUSHI Ken MAEDA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(7):777-782
Chlamydia pecorum (designated 22–58) was isolated in 2010 in
HmLu-1 cells from the jejunum of a calf which died of necrotizing enterocolitis in
Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan. Immunohistochemical staining identified C.
pecorum positive reactions in the jejunal villi. C. pecorum,
designated 24–100, was isolated from the feces of a calf with diarrhea in another farm in
Yamaguchi Prefecture in 2012. A significant increase in neutralizing antibody titers
against C. pecorum was confirmed in paired sera. Nucleotide sequence
identities of omp1 genes of the 2 isolates were 100%. The isolates were
genetically and antigenically more closely related to C. pecorum
Bo/Yokohama strain isolated from cattle with enteritis in Japan than to the other
prototype strains, Bo/Maeda isolated from cattle with pneumonia and Ov/IPA isolated from
sheep with polyarthritis. These results indicate that C. pecorum strains
similar to 22–58 and 24–100 might be endemic in Yamaguchi Prefecture and cause enteric
disease in cattle. 相似文献
17.
Dies KH Pritchard J 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1985,26(11):361-362
The nematode, Stephanofilaria stilesi was recovered from two mature beef cattle in Alberta. The appearance of the skin and the histological lesions are described. The life cycle of the parasite and the development of lesions are reviewed. 相似文献
18.
Bouvry M Rau ME 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》1984,25(9):353-356
Few cases of infection with Paramphistomum spp. have been reported from cattle in Canada. During the course of a recent study of bovine fascioliasis both P. microbothrioides and P. liorchis were found in the rumen of dairy cattle slaughtered in a Quebec abattoir. Eggs in feces were distinguished on the basis of their size. Coprological analysis of 932 samples from 601 cows on 17 selected farms in Portneuf County (Quebec) revealed that 34% of the animals were infected with P. microbothrioides and 1% with P. liorchis. Based on data from one herd there appears to be significant seasonal variation in egg passage for P. microbothrioides. Furthermore, old cows exhibited a higher prevalence of infection. 相似文献
19.
Parthasarathy Sugumar Gudavalli Sudha Rani Dasarath Keshavrao Maske Lakshmi Narasu Mangamoori 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(2):262-268
In the present study, we report for the first time the efficacy of recombinant Bm95 mid gut antigen isolated from an Argentinean strain of Rhipicephalus microplus strain A in controlling the tick infestations in India. The synthetic gene for Bm95 optimized for expression in yeast was obtained and used to generate yeast transformants expressing Bm95 which was purified to apparent homogeneity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the purified protein confirmed its identity as Bm95. Vaccine was prepared by blending various concentrations of purified Bm95 with aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant. Immunogenicity studies of the vaccine in rabbits and cattle indicated that the vaccine was highly immunogenic. The efficacy studies of the vaccine was done in cattle. Naïve Bos indicus cattle were vaccinated with the recombinant vaccine and were challenged with the larval, nymphal and adult forms of Rhiphicephalus haemaphysaloides. The vaccine protected the animals from larval, nymph and adult tick challenges with an efficacy of 98.7%, 84.6% and 78.9% respectively. The results obtained from the above studies clearly demonstrated the advantage and possibilities of the use of Bm95 in controlling R. haemaphysaloides infestations in the field. 相似文献
20.
Selina M Keller Roger Stephan Rahel Kuenzler Mireille Meylan Max M Wittenbrink 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2014,56(1)