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对直接从鸭骨髓腔机械分离的成熟破骨细胞（osteoclasts,OC）和由鸭骨髓来源单核细胞融合成的OC样多核巨细胞（multinucleatedgiantcells,MNGCs）进行培养,分别进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（tartrate-resistantacidphosphatase,TRAP）染色并计数,扫描电镜观察象牙片吸收陷窝,比较了2种方法获得0C的骨吸收功能。结果显示,2种方法均能分离培养出TRAP阳性且具有骨吸收功能的多核OC,但直接分离获得的成熟OC骨吸收功能更强。 相似文献
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鸭疫里氏杆菌2型与17型之间交叉反应的研究 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
本文在国内首次分离到17型鸭疫里氏杆菌。2型与17型在玻片凝集试验中存在明显的双向交叉反尖，在试管凝集试验中表现为单向低度的交叉反应，在琼扩试验中无交叉反尖。2型和17型抗血清经过交互吸收后不再与异型菌株发生凝集反应。沉淀反应模式表明，2型分离株与2型参考菌株、17型分离株与17型参考菌株分别具有相同的热稳定抗原。 相似文献
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建立了一种快速、灵敏、准确测定硫酸铜中砷含量的新方法。本法加入硫氢酸铵和盐酸羟铵使铜沉淀,过滤分离,再用原子吸收—氢化物法测定砷,避免了大量的铜干扰,使测定结果准确可靠。线形范围2～20ng/ml,相关系数R=0.9990,RSD1.64%,平均回收率96.0%～102%。 相似文献
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紫外分光光度法测定喹烯酮预混剂中喹烯酮含量 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
用紫外分光光度法测定喹烯酮预混剂中喹烯酮含量。将喹烯酮溶解于 4 0 %二氧六环中 ,基质不溶 ,过滤分离得喹烯酮 ,在 312 nm波长处 ,喹烯酮在 2～ 12 μg/ ml范围内与吸收度呈良好的线性关系 ,符合郎伯—比尔定律。用喹烯酮对照品测得其预混剂的平均回收率为 10 0 .10 % ,CV=0 .32 %。该法快速简便 ,灵敏度高 相似文献
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2株猪圆环病毒ORF2基因的克隆测序 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对分离到的2株猪圆环病毒PCV-2型的ORF2基因进行了扩增,将获得的PCR产物分别与T载体连接,获得了2个毒株的ORF2基因阳性克隆。序列分析表明,这2个分离株与其他中国分离株同源性高达99%以上,同处于一个基因簇,但和中国BF分离株同源性却只有92.3%。而荷兰分离的NL-PMWS-2株与中国分离株的同源性却在99%以上,表明中国流行的PCV-2和国外分离株有密切关系。 相似文献
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番鸭破骨细胞的培养及鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分离7日龄内番鸭长骨破骨细胞（osteoclast,OC）,倒置显微镜观察其活体形态。培养1、3、5、7d进行抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色（TRAP）,培养7d后进行骨吸收陷窝定量分析,观察番鸭OC数量、体外生存时间以及骨吸收功能。结果显示,倒置显微镜下观察,OC为多核巨细胞,有伪足并借助伪足的凹凸伸缩而改变形态、运动行走。玻片上OCTRAP染色阳性,培养7d的象牙片上产生明显吸收陷窝。直接分离OC的数量随培养时间延长而减少,单核细胞融合而成的OC数量随培养时间延长而增加;分离培养的鸭OC具有骨吸收活性,TRAP染色阳性。 相似文献
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猪粪高效除臭微生物菌株筛选及发酵条件优化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了探索微生物除臭剂对畜禽粪便环境污染的治理效果,本研究利用平板划线分离法从5份样品中分离出130株菌株,通过氨气和硫化氢选择性培养基定性初筛和硼酸吸收法、锌胺络盐吸收比色法定量复筛相结合的方法,分别筛选出了可高效抑制氨气、硫化氢释放的菌株5株和3株,其中命名为BX3的菌株对氨气和硫化氢的去除率分别达到80.07%和76.92%;采用L8(27)正交试验优化设计其高效除臭组合,结果表明,“AF2+DZ1+BX3+DZ3+BZ1+EZ3+AX4”组合氨气和硫化氢的释放量显著或极显著低于其他组合,为最佳组合;与空白对照相比,第5天时氨气和硫化氢的去除率达到82.14%和80.84%。对最佳组合除臭发酵工艺研究,在接种量分别为10%和15%,含水率40%和30%,麸皮添加量为10%时氨气和硫化氢的释放量最小。筛选的微生物在除臭剂制备及治理畜禽粪便对环境污染方面具有较大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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用RT-PCR方法对山东省疑似传染性法氏囊病(IBD)组织样品进行检测,对阳性样品进行了病毒分离,设计引物扩增出分离病毒的全基因组。谱系分析表明,除WF株外,其他分离株与国内大部分强毒株位于同一个谱系。序列分析表明,LY、QD、BZ、LC、TA、DZ、HZ、JN分离株VP2七肽基序均为S-W-S-A-S-G-S,在第222、253、256、279、284、294和299位上的氨基酸残基分别是A、Q、I、D、A、I和S,具有IBDV强毒的分子特征。攻毒试验表明,LY株产生明显IBD病变,死亡率为40%(2/5),为强毒株,结果与序列分析一致。WF株与B87和Gt疫苗株位于同一谱系,VP2分子特征也与Gt弱毒株相同,攻毒试验显示WF株为弱毒株。同源性分析表明,LY、QD、BZ、LC、TA、DZ、HZ、JN与国内分离的强毒株之间VP2氨基酸序列的同源性为93.3%~99.8%,与现行商品疫苗毒株B87和Gt的VP2氨基酸序列同源性分别为94.1~96.2%和94.5~96.9%;WF分离株与国内分离株之间VP2氨基酸同源性为95.6%~99.2%,与疫苗株B87和Gt株VP2氨基酸同源性分别为99.2%和99.6%。本文对山东省流行的鸡传染性法氏囊病毒进行了分子流行病学分析,对病毒的基因组学和致病性进行了初步研究,此研究对了解本病的流行现状,分析病毒变异规律具有重要意义。 相似文献
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用氢氧化钙、尿素、食盐组成的复合处理剂调制稻草 ,共设 8个处理组 ,稻草水分调至 4 5 % ,填紧压实 ,密封保存于贮罐内 1个月 ,然后用瘤胃尼龙袋法测定稻草有效降解率 ,分析相关营养指标。试验结果表明 :①复合处理剂可提高稻草中CP、Ash、Ca含量 ,降低 (P <0 .0 1)NDF、ADF含量。复合处理剂可极显著地提高 (P <0 .0 1)稻草中DM、OM、NDF有效降解率 ,其中以H组 ,即 4 %Ca(OH) 2 +4% (NH2 ) 2 CO +2 %NaCl处理组效果最佳 ,与对照、A组比较 ,分别提高DM、OM、NDF有效降解率 4 4 .0 4 %、4 3.0 5 %、31.85 % ,其效果优于Ca(OH) 2 +尿素处理稻草或单独用尿素处理稻草的效果 ,差异极显著 (P <0 .0 1)。生产实践中应用时 ,要考虑反刍动物的消化生理特点和秸秆加工成本 ,可适当降低尿素和食盐添加量。②复合处理剂中添加食盐、尿素有利于提高 (P <0 .0 1)稻草中DM、OM、NDF有效降解率 ,2 %食盐添加量优于 1%食盐添加量 ,4 %尿素添加量优于 2 %尿素添加量 相似文献
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选择体重(33±2)kg的DLY猪20头,随机分成4组,每组5头,分别以0、3、9、27μg/kgBW的剂量每日肌肉注射GHRP-228d。在试验的第3周进行4d的代谢试验;在第4周末测量活体背膘和眼肌厚度。结果表明:在第1周末随着剂量的增加,猪的日增重在处理组较对照组分别提高了10.51%、12.06%、16.21%(P<0.05);28d的平均日增重在处理组分别提高了4.5%、1.27%、8.99%(p<0.05)。饲料氮在第3周的消化率各组分别为82.92%、81.29%、82.3%、85.15%;代谢率52.59%6、51.8%、53.20%、56.67%。GHRP-2处理组有减少背膘和增加眼肌厚度的趋势。在试验条件下,以27μg/kgBW的剂量每日肌肉注射GHRP-22周可显著提高生长猪日增重,采食量在整个试验期处理组间无差异;连续处理的第3周出现生长抑制现象,其机理有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to compare three different enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays (recombinant major antigenic protein 2 (rMAP2)-ELISA, the Immunocomb (Biogal, Israel) and the Snap 3Dx assay (IDEXX Laboratories Inc., USA)) with the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test in detecting anti-Ehrlichia canis immunoglobulin-G (IgG) antibodies. Samples tested were collected from dogs suspected to be naturally infected with E. canis and from experimentally infected dogs.When qualitative results (positive/negative) were compared, there was an overall agreement of 81% (54/67) between the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) test and the rMAP2-ELISA. An overall agreement of 94% (63/67) was found between the IFA test and the Immunocomb, and an overall agreement of 91% (61/67) was found between the IFA test and the Snap 3Dx assay. In 50 of 67 (74.6%) samples tested, complete agreement in the qualitative results was found in all four tests. Sixteen of 17 samples with disagreement in the qualitative results were found to have IFA titers of 1:320 or less. The sensitivities and specificities of the tests were found to be 0.71 and 0.85 for the rMAP2-ELISA, 0.86 and 0.98 for the Immunocomb, and 0.71 and 1.00 for the Snap 3Dx assay.The tests performed in this study were found to be highly specific in detecting E. canis antibodies. Their sensitivity was found to be low with sera having IFA titers of < or =1:320, while high with sera having titers greater than 1:320. Repeating the serological tests 1-2 weeks after the first antibody assay may overcome the sensitivity problem with titers of < or =1:320. 相似文献
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L G Wheaton H Rodriguez-Martinez P G Weston C H Ko B K Gustafsson 《American journal of veterinary research》1986,47(10):2205-2207
Spontaneous and drug-induced uterine motility (UM) was recorded in 5 nonanesthetized bitches for 2 to 4 days. Catheter-tip pressure transducers were surgically implanted in 1 uterine horn, tunneled subcutaneously to exit from the skin over the dorsal lumbar area, and protected by a bandage. On the day after implantation, spontaneous UM was recorded in the awake bitch. Effects of IV prostaglandin (PG) F2 alpha (5 micrograms/kg of body weight) and oxytocin (0.05 USP U/kg) and IM PGF2 alpha (25 micrograms/kg) were measured. Estradiol (1 to 25 micrograms/kg) was administered and the study was repeated 24 hours later. In awake bitches, spontaneous UM was 190% greater than UM in anesthetized bitches. Uterine motility was increased by more than 100% after IV PGF2 alpha or oxytocin and by 52% after IM PGF2 alpha. Estradiol abolished spontaneous UM, but did not affect drug-induced responses. Seemingly, spontaneous and drug-induced UM can be documented in the nonanesthetized bitch. 相似文献
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The effect of different concentrations of linseed oil or fish oil in the maternal diet on the fatty acid composition and oxidative status of sows and piglets 
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下载免费PDF全文 S. Tanghe J. Missotten K. Raes S. De Smet 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2015,99(5):938-949
N‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for foetal development. Hence, including n‐3 PUFA in the sow diet can be beneficial for reproduction. Both the amount and form (precursor fatty acids vs. long chain PUFA) of supplementation are important in this respect. Furthermore, including n‐3 PUFA in the diet can have negative effects, such as decreased arachidonic acid (ARA) concentration and increased oxidative stress. This study aimed to compare the efficacy to increase eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in the piglet, when different concentrations of linseed oil (LO, source of precursor α‐linolenic acid) or fish oil (FO, source of EPA and DHA) were included in the maternal diet. Sows were fed a palm oil diet or a diet including 0.5% or 2% LO or FO from day 45 of gestation until weaning. Linoleic acid (LA) was kept constant in the diets to prevent a decrease in ARA, and all diets were supplemented with α‐tocopherol acetate (150 mg/kg) and organic selenium (0.4 mg/kg) to prevent oxidative stress. Feeding 0.5% LO or 0.5% FO to the sows resulted in comparable EPA concentrations in the 5‐day old piglet liver, but both diets resulted in lower EPA concentrations than when 2% LO was fed. The highest EPA concentration was obtained when 2% FO was fed. The DHA level in the piglet liver could only be increased when FO, but not LO, was fed to the sows. The 2% FO diet had no advantage over the 0.5% FO diet to increase DHA in the piglet. Despite the constant LA concentration in the sow diet, a decrease in ARA could not be avoided when LO or FO were included in the diet. Feeding 2% FO to the sows increased the malondialdehyde concentration (marker for lipid peroxidation) in sow plasma, but not in piglets. 相似文献
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Four experiments were conducted to determine whether betaine (BET) could replace dietary methionine (MET) in diets for weanling pigs. Pigs in each experiment were allotted to treatments on the basis of weight in a randomized complete block design. Each treatment was replicated four (Exp. 4), five (Exp. 1 and 2), or six (Exp. 3) times with five or six pigs per replicate. In Exp. 1, pigs were fed a diet formulated to be deficient in total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) (negative control; NC) or the NC + 0.05 or 0.10% MET or BET during Phase 1 and 0.035 or 0.07% MET or BET during Phase 2. Growth performance was not affected (P > 0.10) by dietary treatments, indicating that the diets were not deficient in TSAA. In Exp. 2, graded levels of TSAA (0.74, 0.79, 0.84, 0.89, or 0.94%) were fed. Overall ADG was increased (0 vs added MET, P < 0.07) in pigs fed TSAA levels of 0.79% or greater, but gain:feed was not affected (P > 0.10) by diet. Overall ADFI was increased (linear, P < 0.08) and plasma urea N (PUN) was decreased (quadratic, P < 0.01) as the level of TSAA was increased. Most of the change in ADG, PUN, and ADFI occurred between 0.74 and 0.84% TSAA. Thus, the 0.74% TSAA diet was used in Exp. 3 as the NC. In Exp. 3, the diets included the following: 1) NC, 2) NC + 0.05% MET, 3) NC + 0.10% MET, 4) NC + 0.039% BET, or 5) NC + 0.078% BET. The addition of MET resulted in increased (linear, P < 0.10) ADG, ADFI, and gain:feed, but MET decreased PUN (linear, P < 0.05). Daily gain, ADFI, and TSAA intake were not different (P > 0.10) between pigs fed 0.05% MET or 0.039% BET, but gain:feed was decreased (P < 0.01) in pigs fed 0.039% BET compared with pigs fed 0.05% MET. In Exp. 4, a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used (MET, 0 or 0.072%; cystine, 0 or 0.059%; or BET, 0 or 0.057%). Overall ADG and gain:feed were increased (P < 0.10) in pigs fed MET. The intake of TSAA was increased (P < 0.05), and PUN was decreased (P < 0.10) in pigs fed MET or cystine. Overall ADFI was increased in pigs fed BET or MET independently but not affected when BET and MET were fed together (BET x MET, P < 0.10). The addition of BET to TSAA-deficient diets resulted in increased ADG, which was due to an increase in ADFI (TSAA intake). Thus, BET did not spare MET in this experiment. 相似文献
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Vitrification of immature bovine oocytes by the microdrop method 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Kim DH Park HS Kim SW Hwang IS Yang BC Im GS Chung HJ Seong HW Moon SJ Yang BS 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(4):843-851
This study was conducted to determine the optimal vitrification conditions for immature bovine oocytes using the microdrop method. In experiment 1, the optimal pre-equilibration period for microdrop vitrification was examined. The maturation rate of vitrified oocytes with a 3 min first pre-equilibration period (41.1%) was higher than that of vitrified oocytes with a 0 min first pre-equilibration period (21.4%), and the values of those with a 1 (33.9%) or 5 min (27.4%) first pre-equilibration period were intermediate. The value for a 1 min second pre-equilibration period (44.4%) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those for a 0.5 (28.6%) and 2 min (21.4%) second pre-equilibration period. In experiment 2, the distribution of microtubules in matured oocytes was investigated. There was no difference among the first pre-equilibration times in terms of the rates of normal spindles in vitrified oocytes. However, this value was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the 1 min group (52.8%) compared with the 0.5 (16.7%) and 2 min groups (12.3%). In experiment 3, we investigated the developmental capacity of immature bovine oocytes vitrified under optimal pre-equilibration conditions (3 min and 1 min for the first and second pre-equilibrations, respectively). Although the total fertilization rates were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the vitrified oocytes (65.6%) compared with the control oocytes (92.4%), there was no difference in the rate of normal fertilization (2PN) between the vitrified (78.6%) and control (82.0%) oocytes. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were significantly lower (P<0.05) in vitrified oocytes (55.7 and 2.3%) than in control oocytes (84.4 and 34.7%). Thus, these results indicated that immature bovine oocytes can survive after microdrop vitrification and subsequently can be cultured to mature oocytes capable of undergoing fertilization in vitro and developing into blastocysts. 相似文献
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D H Dyson 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1988,192(9):1286-1288
Assessment of laryngeal relaxation and ease of intubation in cats was made after preanesthetic medication with acepromazine/meperidine/atropine (IM) and induction of anesthesia 20 minutes later by thiopental administration (IV). Healthy cats (n = 32) scheduled for elective surgery were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment groups to be provided with laryngeal desensitization: group 1, 2% lidocaine HCl (2 mg/kg of body weight) given IV 30 seconds before thiopental induction; group 2, 2% lidocaine HCl (2 mg/kg) topically applied to the larynx; group 3, 10% lidocaine HCl (10 mg) as a topical aerosol; and group 4, no treatment before intubation. A significant (P less than 0.05; ANOVA) difference between groups in the reaction to intubation attempts was apparent. Cats receiving 2% lidocaine IV or no treatment for desensitization had a greater response to intubation than did those receiving 2% or 10% lidocaine topically. The number of attempts required to intubate cats was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater in cats with no treatment than in cats treated topically with 2% or 10% lidocaine. Response to IV administration of 2% lidocaine HCl was not significantly different from the response to other treatments, indicating little advantage over no laryngeal desensitization. It was concluded that topical application of 2% lidocaine (2 mg/kg) or 10% lidocaine aerosol 1 1/2 minutes before intubation provides effective laryngeal desensitization in the cat. 相似文献
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Williams LE Rassnick KM Power HT Lana SE Morrison-Collister KE Hansen K Johnson JL 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(1):136-143
This retrospective study examined the use of CCNU (1-[2-chloroethyl]3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosurea) in 36 dogs with epitheliotropic lymphoma. Thirty-one (86%) dogs had the cutaneous form of disease, and 5 (14%) dogs had the oral form of disease. Nineteen (51%) dogs were treated with other chemotherapeutic agents before receiving CCNU. All dogs had detectable disease at the time CCNU therapy was initiated. Dogs received a median starting CCNU dosage of 70 mg/m2 (range, 50-100 mg/m2). The median number of treatments administered was 3 (range, 1-12 treatments). After the initial treatment, the CCNU dosage was adjusted in 9 of 26 (35%) dogs in which CCNU was continued: 7 had dosage reductions, and 2 had dosage escalations. Twenty-eight of 36 (78%) dogs had a measurable response to CCNU for a median duration of 106 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 75-182). Six dogs (17%) had a complete response, including 5 dogs with the cutaneous form and 1 dog with the oral form. Twenty-two dogs (61%) had a partial response, including 20 dogs with the cutaneous form and 2 dogs with the oral form, for a median duration of 88 days (95% CI, 62-170). Toxicoses after CCNU chemotherapy included myelosuppression in up to 29% of the dogs, gastrointestinal signs in up to 22% of the dogs, and liver enzyme activity increases in up to 86% of the dogs. This study demonstrates that CCNU chemotherapy can be considered a reasonable option for the treatment of canine epitheliotropic lymphoma in dogs. 相似文献
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To evaluate virucidal activity against porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), four disinfectants were tested under laboratory conditions. As basis to perform the testing the "Guidelines for testing chemical disinfectants" of the German Veterinary Association (DVG-guidelines) were applied. For simulation of field conditions, the tests were carried out in virus carrier tests, at 20 and 10 degrees C, and under protein load (40% foetal calf serum (FCS) in virus suspension). For disinfection of PCV2 at 20 degrees C an exposure time of 120 min in 2% Disinfectant 1 (20% glutaraldehyde, 12% 2-propenal, polymer with formaldehyde) or Disinfectant 2 (55% formic acid, 7% glyoxylic acid) was necessary. 1% of Disinfectant 3 (Component 1: Potassium peroxomonosulphate. Component 2: Active detergents) disinfected PCV2 on carriers within 180 min. After a reaction time of 120 min with 1% and 60 min with 2% Disinfectant 4 (21% glutaraldehyde, 17% formaldehyde) there could not be detected any virus. Reduction on effectivity through temperature reduction to 10 degrees C were more significant for aldehyde containing preparations Disinfectant 1 and Disinfectant 4 than for Disinfectant 2 and Disinfectant 3. These losses on effectivity could be corrected through extension of exposure time or increase of concentration. 相似文献