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基于GPS/INS自主耕作拖拉机导航修正研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了提高轮式自主耕作拖拉机的导航定位精度及系统抗干扰能力,以YSH-504D轮式拖拉机为试验载体,选用载波相位差分GPS(RTK-DGPS)和惯性导航系统(INS)组合导航方式,重点对GPS因地形倾斜及土质硬度不均引起的误差进行校正。为此,构建了Kalman滤波器,对GPS定位数据进行平滑处理,融合了惯性导航系统参数,实时修正拖拉机的运动姿态,使拖拉机的行驶轨迹更加平稳。试验结果表明:校正后的GPS导航参数能够使拖拉机更好地跟踪目标路径,导航精度可达到厘米级别,满足了拖拉机在复杂地形下仍能按照预定轨迹自主耕作。 相似文献
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目前,无人驾驶汽车已经开始逐步研究与应用,智能导航定位系统是无人驾驶汽车的核心,在实际应用过程中仍然存在导航精度低、定位误差较高等不足。针对以上问题,研究提出GPS-INS组合导航系统,实现功能互补,提高汽车行驶过程中的定位精度,为无人驾驶汽车的推广与提高智能网联汽车定位导航精度提供了理论基础与技术参考。 相似文献
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为了实现自动导航拖拉机田间作业的全区域覆盖路径规划,提出基于全排列算法获得转弯耗时最短的路径规划方案。为此,将农田地块划分为直线作业区域和地头转弯区域,在地头转弯区域内建立了拖拉机沿弓形和鱼尾形转弯路径行驶的轨迹解析模型,计算得到地头转弯区域所需的最小宽度及转弯所消耗的时间。在直线作业区域内,根据转弯次数最少来确定直线作业路径在田间的相对方向,生成相应的直线路径簇。根据对两块典型农田地块田间作业路径规划试验,得到了直线作业路径遍历顺序的一般规律。试验表明:这两块农田的路径规划方案中转弯路径的耗时较梭形行走、离心行走及向心行走方式至少减少了51%。 相似文献
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揭琳锋汤梓恒周伟伟 《农业装备与车辆工程》2023,(2):86-89
为了解决卫星定位系统在信号盲区的汽车定位及航迹服务,利用融合多级卡尔曼滤波算法,开展GPS/DR转换算法的研究。建立了基于卡尔曼滤波的汽车定位系统航迹推算算法,搭建了全球卫星定位系统(GPS)和航迹推算(DR)系统相互配合的组合导航系统。通过MATLAB软件进行算法仿真分析,证明了该算法及系统可以实现车辆在丢失GPS信号后短时间内仍然能够进行自主定位,并能对行驶轨迹进行分析处理。 相似文献
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应用测距轮测试拖拉机的行驶轨迹概述本文主要介绍应用测距轮测试报拉机在各种田间条件下的行驶轨迹。该装置的综合误差在２％以内。在这里把提高测试精度作为目的,在该装置内设计有能够自动修正测试误差的程序,其结果是,拖拉机无论在平坦的或是在倾斜的耕地上的行驶轨... 相似文献
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GPS广泛用于农业机械导航研究中,其定位误差信号一般存在明显的自相关性,不能满足组合导航中常用的卡尔曼滤波算法观测噪声为高斯白噪声的要求。为此,建立了GPS定位误差AR模型,结合卡尔曼估计结果来预测和修正GPS定位误差,再将修正后的GPS定位信息应用于组合导航中的卡尔曼滤波过程。试验结果表明,无论GPS接收机是在静止还是在运动条件下,处理后的定位误差信号自相关性都明显降低,近似为白噪声;目标路径直线时的最大跟踪误差约为0.15 m,为曲线时,最大跟踪误差约为0.3 m。该方法为低精度GPS应用于农业机械导航提供了可行途径。 相似文献
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基于SVR逆向模型的拖拉机导航纯追踪控制方法 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
针对行驶过程中轮胎侧滑量、路面性质等不确定性因素导致传统拖拉机二轮运动学模型难以准确描述拖拉机运动轨迹的问题,提出了一种基于SVR(Support vector regression)逆向模型的拖拉机导航纯追踪控制方法。采用粒度支持向量回归(Granular support vector regression,GSVR)方法建立了拖拉机前进航向的逆向模型,实时获得实际转弯曲率与运动学理论转弯曲率的函数关系,逆向模型对纯追踪导航模型输出进行,校正提高了纯追踪导航控制方法的适应性和动态性能。拖拉机导航系统的路径追踪路面试验结果表明:当行驶距离大于125 m、行驶速度为1.2 m/s时,直线追踪最大横向偏差小于0.061 4 m,较常规纯追踪模型导航方法具有更好的直线追踪性能;田间试验结果表明:该导航控制方法适用于2BFQ-6型油菜精量联合直播机自动对行作业。 相似文献
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《农业机械学报》2019,(Z1)
为了提高拖拉机在农田环境中自主导航作业的控制精度,设计开发了3种基于不同类型电机的方向盘转向控制系统,在分析步进电机、伺服电机和步进伺服电机3种电机的参数及其性能差异的基础上,设计了拖拉机自动转向执行机构,并配备了工控机PC、PLC控制器、前轮转角检测机构和GNSS定位系统等设备。设计了工控机车载终端软件,能够实现自动导航的嵌套双闭环控制及相应PID控制算法,设计了控制系统的电气原理图和PLC转向程序,在混凝土路面和田间播种作业两种工况下进行了拖拉机自动导航实验。实验结果表明,当拖拉机作业速度为0. 8 m/s时,两种实验条件下,步进电机导航系统的均方根误差分别为8. 81 cm和12. 09 cm,伺服电机导航系统的均方根误差分别为4. 85 cm和10. 55 cm,步进伺服电机导航系统的均方根误差分别为4. 54 cm和5. 53 cm,步进伺服电机在方向盘转向控制系统中自动导航效果较好。 相似文献
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基于GPS/SINS组合的农业导航定位系统设计与研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
设计了一种基于全球定位系统GPS和捷联惯性导航系统SINS组合的农业车辆导航定位系统,介绍了该系统的传感器组合及功用,阐述了系统的硬件结构和工作过程。考虑到农用车辆在运动过程中接收到的GPS数据存在较大的定位误差,提出了GPS和SINS联合导航算法,利用SINS提供的姿态信息修正GPS定位数据,提高系统定位的精度。为了准确测量姿态信息,对多传感器集成模块ADIS16355的信息融合处理,确定了基于卡尔曼滤波的融合算法用于测量姿态角。在构建实验平台的基础上进行了试验,结果表明:通过多传感器融合算法可准确测量姿态角,GPS定位误差有效减少,可更真实反映农用车辆的运动状态。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
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在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献