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1.
为探究饲料调质器中物料的运动规律和黏结状态,基于CFD-DEM耦合的方法对调质器的工作过程进行仿真建模和作业参数优化。耦合模型建立方法：采用Pro/E三维软件建立调质器结构模型;利用Gambit软件对其进行网格划分,利用Fluent中的RNG k-ε湍流模型作为流体模型;利用离散元软件EDEM中的Hertz-Mindlin with bonding模型建立饲料原料湿黏模型,并对两种模型进行边界参数和耦合参数等设定。以桨叶安装角、调质轴转速、填充率为试验因素,以调质器出料量为评价指标,按照三因素五水平正交旋转组合试验设计方法进行试验研究。利用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件回归分析法和响应面分析法,建立了3个因素对调质器作业评价指标影响的数学模型,对调质器模型作业参数优化并进行了试验验证。结果表明,各因素对调质器出料量的影响显著性由大到小依次为填充率、调质轴转速、桨叶安装角;最佳作业参数组合方案为：桨叶安装角38.49°、调质轴转速182.2r/min、填充率58.4%,此时调质器出料量较高,生产率为13.1g/s。 相似文献
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1加水系统的应用原理1.1应用在调制工艺中饲料生产企业无论是生产膨化料还是颗粒料,都无一例外地要对物料进行调质,以期达到稳定的工艺条件。在生产过程中,许多企业在调质这一环节大多采用普通单轴调质器或双轴调质器,调质效果很难达到工艺要求。所谓调质,就是要将加入调质器内的饱和干蒸汽与物料充分混合并被物料吸收,使物料达到一定的温度和水分要求,满足后序加工的条件,在调质器搅拌桨叶的快速翻转和搅动作用下,促使水分均匀一致,温度稳定。在许多情况下,普通调质器很难达到上述效果,究其原因是:①调质时间短,即使将搅拌桨叶角度调整到使… 相似文献
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为解决锤片式粉碎机工作效率低、能耗高等问题,对其工作参数进行响应面优化设计。首先进行粉碎机最佳工作参数组合的优化试验,分析主轴速度、回料管直径、喂料速率、筛网孔径及物料含水率对生产率、电耗和粒度的影响规律。然后对试验数据进行响应面设计分析,求解出最优组合并进行试验验证。试验结果表明,粉碎机的最优工作参数组合为：主轴转速2 700 r/min、回料管直径57 mm、喂料速率0.25 kg/s、物料含水率10%和筛网孔径6 mm。对比单因素最优的评价指标,生产率提高4.36%,电耗下降3.23%,粒度减小23.21%。 相似文献
4.
小型制粒机喂料器参数优化与试验 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
采用离散元法EDEM对喂料器的工作过程进行了数值模拟,定量研究了喂料过程中喂料量的变化规律以及由于物料受螺旋叶片终止断面的影响,产生不稳定、不均匀的"脉动"喂料现象,此现象在转速较低的情况下尤其明显。以主轴直径X1、螺距X2和喂料转速X3为因素,以喂料质量流率Y1、稳定性Y2和出料口落料速度Y3为评价指标,按照3因素5水平正交旋转组合设计试验方法,利用Design-Expert 8.0.6软件回归分析法和响应面分析法,建立了3个因素下喂料评价指标的数学模型。通过与研制的喂料器的实际运送情况进行对比,验证了模型的可靠性。结果表明,3个因素相对喂料质量流率和流率稳定性都具有显著相关性,显著水平分别为P0.01和P0.05,而这3个因素与出料口落料速度无明显相关性;采用响应面法对最佳参数组寻优,得到喂料器的最佳参数组合:轴径为35 mm、螺距为57 mm、转速为139(°)/s,喂料器喂料量波动性减小、喂料稳定性得到提高。采用该参数组的虚拟试验结果显示,喂料器质量流率为13.89 g/s,稳定性为8.46 g/s。实体样机验证试验表明:采用该参数组设计的喂料器可以使得小型环模制粒机的喂料质量流率提高4.28%,喂料变异系数降低16.11%。 相似文献
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为进一步提升胡麻脱粒物料分离清选作业机的工作性能,采用数值模拟仿真试验方法分析确定获得的单因素参数,以喂料装置振幅、物料层调节厚度和吸杂风机转速为自变量,以籽粒含杂率和清选损失率为响应值,依照Box-Behnken试验设计原理,采用三因素三水平响应面分析方法,分别建立了各因素与籽粒含杂率和清选损失率之间的数学模型,并对各因素及其交互作用进行分析。结果表明:3个因素对籽粒含杂率影响的主次顺序为吸杂风机转速、喂料装置振幅和物料层调节厚度,对清选损失率影响的主次顺序为吸杂风机转速、物料层调节厚度和喂料装置振幅;作业机最佳工作参数为:喂料装置振幅16.5 mm、物料层调节厚度7.0 mm、吸杂风机转速1 775 r/min(即对应的吸杂风机转速变频频率为59.2 Hz)。验证试验表明,籽粒含杂率和清选损失率均值分别为7.86%和1.58%,说明在最优工作参数下作业机能够降低胡麻脱粒物料在机械化分离清选过程中的含杂与损失程度。 相似文献
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以膨化机加工温度和物料含水量为考察对象,优化糙米锅巴制作过程中的挤压膨化技术参数。试验结果表明：加工温度和物料含水量对原料的膨化效果影响显著;DSE-25型双螺杆挤压膨化机加工糙米锅巴的最佳工艺参数为加工温度180℃（最高区）、物料含水量18%、螺杆转速120 r/min、喂料速度16 r/min。 相似文献
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《中国农机化学报》2017,(7)
环模与压辊是饲料加工产业中广泛采用的环模制粒机的核心部件,在环模与压辊工作区中物料的流动状况对饲料制粒成型质量具有重要的影响。以加工苜蓿草颗粒为例,以型号SZLH420环模制粒机作为几何参数参考,利用FLUENT软件分析制粒机在不同的喂料量、最小模辊间隙及环模转速下,环模与压辊工作区内挤压成型区中流场状况。讨论物料进入挤压成型区后,挤压成型区中物料内部流速及环模内壁压辊外壁压力变化情况。结果表明:喂料量、最小模辊间隙及环模转速是影响环模制粒的主要因素。对于用型号SZLH420的环模制粒机制造苜蓿草颗粒,最小模辊间隙为0.5mm,喂料量控制在0.000 534kg/s左右,环模转速为4.5rad/s的工况条件,环模制粒机制粒效率高、制粒质量好。 相似文献
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在9R-40型秸秆揉碎机的基础上设计安装轴向喂入装置,通过改变揉碎机主轴转速进行了样机性能对比试验.试验结果表明:主轴转速为2980～2750r/min时,原机比轴向喂入样机生产率高;主轴转速为2515～2280r/min时,轴向喂入样机比原机生产率高.主轴转速为2980～2750r/min时,度电产量差别不大;主轴转速为2515～2280r/min时,轴向样机比原机度电产量高.原机揉碎度高于轴向样机揉碎度.主轴转速对轴向喂入样机的生产率和度电产量影响有明显差异:生产率在主轴转速为2980r/min时最高,为661 87kg/h;度电产量在主轴转速为2280r/min时最高,为160.49kg/kW·h. 相似文献
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组合式螺旋板齿种子玉米脱粒机工作参数优化 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据Box-Behnken试验设计原理,以喂入量、脱粒轴转速、板齿螺旋角和排芯口压板压力为自变量,籽粒破碎率为响应值,采用四因素三水平响应面分析方法,并利用Design-Expert软件建立数学模型,对各因素及其交互作用进行分析.建立了各因素与籽粒破碎率之间的数学模型.试验数据分析表明:建立的回归方程显著;4个因素对籽粒破碎率影响的主次顺序为板齿螺旋角、脱粒轴转速、喂入量和排芯口压板压力;最佳工作参数为:喂入量2.8 kg/s、脱粒轴转速241 r/min、板齿螺旋角9°和排芯口压板压力40 N,此时籽粒破碎率为0.366％,较参数优化前的破碎率减小了0.084％ ～0.274％. 相似文献
11.
Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
12.
瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
15.
About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献
16.
在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
17.
Gunter Wriedt Marijn van der Velde Alberto Aloe Fayçal Bouraoui 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(5):771-789
We present a pan-European irrigation map based on regional European statistics, a European land use map and a global irrigation map. The map provides spatial information on the distribution of irrigated areas per crop type which allows determining irrigated areas at the level of spatial modelling units. The map is a requirement for a European scale assessment of the impacts of irrigated agriculture on water resources based on spatially distributed modelling of crop growth and water balance. The irrigation map was compiled in a two step procedure. First, irrigated areas were distributed to potentially irrigated crops at a regional level (European statistical regions NUTS3), combining Farm Structure Survey (FSS) data on irrigated area, crop-specific irrigated area for crops whenever available, and total crop area. Second, crop-specific irrigated area was distributed within each statistical region based on the crop distribution given in our land use map. A global map of irrigated areas with a 5′ resolution was used to further constrain the distribution within each NUTS3 based on the density of irrigated areas. The constrained distribution of irrigated areas as taken from statistics to a high resolution dataset enables us to estimate irrigated areas for various spatial entities, including administrative, natural and artificial units, providing a reasonable input scenario for large-scale distributed modelling applications. The dataset bridges a gap between global datasets and detailed regional data on the distribution of irrigated areas and provides information for various assessments and modelling applications. 相似文献
18.
在介绍粉质仪和拉伸仪结构和原理的基础上,探讨了粉质曲线中吸水率、形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度和评价值等指标与面粉品质的关系,以及如何根据拉伸曲线中面团最大拉伸阻力、延伸度和拉伸曲线面积等指标来评价面团品质,并结合生产实际,概述了粉质仪和拉伸仪在面粉生产中的作用。 相似文献
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车辆ABS控制算法的研究及探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对现代汽车的ABS控制算法作了一些简单的介绍,同时指出了它们的一些缺陷,相应地提出了几种对ABS的其它控制方法并加以探讨,其中着重论述了ABS门限值控制算法中参考车速的确定方法和基于附着系数的控制算法。 相似文献