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1.
杉木人工林不同发育阶段根际与非根际土壤微生物变化趋势 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
本文通过对杉木人工林不同发育阶段根际土壤和非根际土壤微生物数量及种类的研究,发现根际土壤中的细菌数量明显高于非根际土壤的,中龄杉木林根际土壤及非根际土壤中细菌数量明显低于幼龄林和成熟林,特别是在中龄杉木林根际土壤中枯草芽孢杆菌在细菌中所占比率明显低于幼龄林和成熟林的;无论是在根际还是非根际土壤中,放线菌数量的变化均无明显规律,但在类群组成上,中龄林土壤中,主要类群仅有白色类群、黄色类群和灰褐类群,而幼龄林和成熟林类群较丰富;无论是在根际还是在非根际土壤中,从幼龄到中龄杉木人工林,土壤真菌数量呈明显下降趋势,从中龄林到成熟林,则呈上升趋势,且在种类分布上,杉木中龄林根际土壤中青霉属所占比例明显高于幼龄林和成熟林的;研究结果表明,比较研究根际土壤微生物和非根际土壤微生物对于揭示杉木人工林生长发育和土壤性质变化的关系,防治地力衰退,提高林木产量,是颇有价值的。 相似文献
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杉木人工林根际土壤性质变化的研究 总被引：40，自引：4，他引：36
本文重点论述一代杉木人工林根际和非根际土壤生物活性、生物化学活性、土壤化学性质的差异及其在林木生长过程中的动态变化规律。研究结果表明：杉木幼龄林、中龄林及近熟林样地土壤中有机养分和无机养分含量,除去幼龄林土壤中全Ｋ 之外,均是根际土壤养分含量高于非根际土壤。不同发育阶段养分变化规律：速效Ｎ 在根际和非根际均呈下降趋势;速效Ｐ 含量也呈下降趋势,仅从中龄林至近熟林略有恢复,但全Ｐ含量一直呈下降趋势,速效Ｋ 由幼龄林至中龄林呈升高趋势,但由中龄林至近熟林呈下降趋势,全Ｋ 只是从中龄林至近熟林呈下降趋势。Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ 、Ｍｎ 含量,从幼龄林至中龄林呈大幅度下降,中龄林至近熟林在非根际土壤中略有恢复。关于土壤酶活性变化,无论是水解酶类、还是氧化还原酶类活性,在杉木幼龄林时期,均是根际土壤酶活性低于非根际土壤,随着林木生长至近熟林,则逐渐出现根际土壤酶活性高于非根际土壤。土壤微生物区系研究结果表明：在幼龄林阶段根际土壤细菌、放线菌和真菌均多于非根际土壤,从幼龄林至中龄林根际土壤和非根际土壤细菌和真菌均呈下降趋势,但放线菌数量在增多,由中龄林至近熟林,细菌、真菌和放线菌在根际和非根际土壤中数量趋于提高。在杉木生长过程中,根际和非 相似文献
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复合农林模式中根际与非根际土壤的酶活性动态研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土壤酶活性能够实质性的反映土地管理和土壤健康状况。为了更好的了解复合农林模式中土壤酶活性的变化规律和功效,本研究对花椒（Zanthoxylum bungenum）模式、桃树（Prunus persica var.nectariana）模式、桑树（Morus alba）模式和梨树（Pyrus pyrifolia）模式根际与非根际土壤酶活性与土壤养分进行了对比分析。结果表明：由于在林下广泛种植多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne）,使得木本植株根际与非根际土壤酶活性没有显著的差异,但它们的活性都远远高于其对照地。除各模式多酚氧化酶活性的峰值均出现在9月份外,过氧化物酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶的峰值多出现在7月和8月份。有机质与这5种土壤酶活性都有显著的正相关,而全N仅与磷酸酶和蔗糖酶有显著的正相关,pH值则与它们呈显著的负相关。植物组成可能对土壤酶活性和土壤化学性质有直接的影响。 相似文献
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【目的】通过研究深圳梧桐山毛棉杜鹃土壤理化性质、根际与非根际土壤微生物群落特征,为探究毛棉杜鹃根际土壤微生态提供理论依据。【方法】以毛棉杜鹃根际(R)与非根际(NR)土壤为研究对象,测定其土壤理化指标,同时利用高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌、真菌群落特征。【结果】1)根际与非根际土壤均为微酸性,且根际明显低于非根际(P<0.05),根际土壤速效磷显著高于非根际土壤(P<0.05),根际土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮等均高于非根际土壤,但无显著性差异。2)根际细菌分别注释到23门291种,非根际注释到25门305种;而根际真菌注释到8门520种,非根际真菌注释到8门,518种。3)根际与非根际优势细菌门均为酸杆菌门、变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门等。土壤优势真菌均为子囊菌门、担子菌门以及被孢菌门等。毛棉杜鹃根际与非根际优势细菌目,主要为Subgroup＿2、酸杆菌目、Solibacterales、根瘤菌目等。根际与非根际优势真菌目主要是散囊菌目、肉座菌目、蜡壳耳目等。4)丰富度指数及多样性指数结果表明：根际与非根际细菌、真菌无显著性差异,而β多样性分析则表明,根际与非根际在土壤细菌以及真... 相似文献
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红心杉根际土壤与非根际土壤养分差异研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对江西省南昌市湾里区红心杉林根际土壤与非根际土壤养分差异进行研究。结果表明:不同年龄的红心杉林分,其根际土壤与非根际土壤的养分均存在差异,林分年龄与土壤类型的交互效应均极显著。pH和有效磷、有机质含量在林分年龄和土壤类型间都存在极显著差异;碱解氮、全氮、速效钾含量在林分年龄间存在极显著差异,在土壤类型间无显著差异;全磷含量在林分年龄间存在极显著差异,在土壤类型间存在显著差异。红心杉非根际土壤的养分在20、40年生的变化很小,而根际土壤的全氮、全磷、速效钾含量差异仍然明显。 相似文献
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矿质肥料对杉木苗生理和根际化学性质的影响 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文分析了施用矿质肥料后杉木苗的生理指标及根际土壤化学性质。试验结果表明：①明显增加了杉木苗的生物量，其中氮磷钾混施效果最好，单施氮肥茎叶生物量增加明显，但根／冠下降；磷钾混施根／冠增大，但对茎叶生长作用不明显。②氮磷钾混施和单施氮极大地提高了叶子叶绿素含量。③明显降低了苗木根际土壤的ｐＨ，还造成了水解氮、交换性钾和速效磷的根际亏缺，同时提高了根际微量元素铁、锰、锌、铜的有效性。 相似文献
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杉木林地和根际土壤酚类物质分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
为了解杉木林地和根际土壤酚类物质的含量与动态变化，同时也为了和阔叶林地及连栽林地进行比较，作者采样分析了杉木１代、２代以及檫树林地林间和根际土壤的酚类物质。结果显示：①杉木榨树两林木根际土壤总酚含量均显著高于其林间土壤，Ｒ／Ｓ植平均是１．６１和１．６７，但两种林木之间无论是根际土壤还是林间土壤总酚含量无明显不同；②杉木根际土壤游离酚含量显著高于檫树根际土，平均是檫树根际土的１１．９倍；③从１年的动 相似文献
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广西杉木连栽幼林根际与非根际土壤特性研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
《湖北林业科技》2017,(2)
采用配对样地法对广西连栽杉木幼林不同栽植代数(一代林G1、二代林G2)的根际土和非根际土进行了土壤特性的分析研究,为连栽杉木人工林经营与可持续发展提供理论依据。结果表明:土壤pH值、有机质、全N、全P、水解性N、有效P、速效K、交换性Ca~(2+)、有效Fe、有效Mn含量均表现为G2G1,根际土(R)非根际土(S),而土壤全K含量则反之。杉木连栽对林地土壤养分状况、酶活性和微生物具有一定影响。土壤酶活性表现为G2G1,根际土(R)非根际土(S)。无论是在根际土还是非根际土,土壤微生物优势种均为细菌,微生物总数、细菌、放线菌、真菌数量表现为G1G2;栽植代数增加,细菌所占微生物总数比例下降,而放线菌所占比例则有明显增加趋势。 相似文献
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《林业研究》2017,(3)
The rhizosphere, distinct from bulk soil, is defined as the volume of soil around living roots and influenced by root activities. We investigated protease,invertase, cellulase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities in rhizosphere and bulk soils of six Nothotsuga longibracteata forest communities within Tianbaoyan National Nature Reserve, including N. longibracteata + either Phyllostachys pubescens, Schima superba, Rhododendron simiarum, Cunninghamia lanceolata, or Cyclobalanopsis glauca, and N. longibracteata pure forest. Rhizosphere soils possessed higher protease, invertase, cellulase, urease,and acid phosphatase activities than bulk soils. The highest invertase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities were observed in rhizosphere samples of N. longibracteata+ S.superba. Protease was highest in the N. longibracteata + R. simiarum rhizosphere, while cellulase was highest in the pure N. longibracteata forest rhizosphere.All samples exhibited obvious rhizosphere effects on enzyme activities with a significant linear correlation between acid phosphatase and cellulase activities(p \ 0.05) in rhizosphere soils and between protease and acid phosphatase activities(p \ 0.05) in bulk soils. A principal component analysis, correlating 13 soil chemical properties indices relevant to enzyme activities, showed that protease, invertase, acid phosphatase, total N, and cellulase were the most important variables impacting rhizosphere soil quality. 相似文献
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Lianghua Qi Xudong Zhang Zhenhua Peng Jinxing Zhou 《Frontiers of Forestry in China》2009,4(4):443-449
With the aid of canonical correlation analysis, the relations among soil nutrients, soil microorganisms, and soil enzyme activities were studied in vegetation restoration areas of degraded and eroded soils in the Nverzhai watershed in northwestern Hunan. The main results were as follows: the key factors in soil nutrients, microorganisms, and enzyme activities were N and P elements, number of bacteria, carbon and nitrogen in soil microbial biomass and the activities of urease, polyphenol oxidase, phosphatase, and invertase. The activities of urease and polyphenol oxidase are related to the inversion of N and P elements that had important impact on the accumulation of carbon and nitrogen in soil microbial biomass. Moreover, the activities of urease, polyphenol oxidase, and phosphatase could promote carbon accumulation in microbial biomass; however, invertase activities inhibited the accumulation of microbial biomass nitrogen. On the other hand, urease activities were beneficial to the N element content in soils but unfavorable for P elements. There is a negative relation between polyphenol oxidase activity and N element content. For every canonical variable group, the tendencies of soil nutrients, microorganisms, and enzyme activities to accumulate in different soil layers in different vegetation restoration communities could offer some scientific basis for the diagnosis of the health of the soil and the site type division in the process of vegetation restoration. 相似文献
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以大鹤国有防护林场3种不同林龄(15、23、34 a)的湿地松林为研究对象,研究了不同林龄湿地松林土壤酶活性及其养分含量变化特征。结果表明:土壤pH值随着林龄增加呈先降低后升高,随着土层深度的增加逐渐升高。随着林龄的增长,土壤有机质先增加后降低;土壤水解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量逐渐降低。土壤中的脲酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性随林龄的增长逐渐降低;酸性磷酸酶活性仅在表层土随着林龄的增长逐渐降低,而随着土层的加深表现为先增长后降低。土壤养分和酶活性随土层深度的变化均存在显著性变化。相关分析表明,土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶和酸性磷酸酶均与土壤有机质、水解氮、有效磷和速效钾存在极显著正相关(P<0.01),多酚氧化酶与速效钾呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。滨海地区湿地松在林龄较低阶段土壤养分较为充足,随着林龄的增长,土壤肥力逐渐下降,不利于森林可持续发展。 相似文献
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广西英罗港不同红树植物群落土壤理化性质与酶活性的研究 总被引：60，自引：5，他引：60
本文对广西英罗港自然保护区不同红树植物群落土壤主要性质进行了较系统的研究。结果表明 ,英罗港不同红树植物群落土壤理化性质和酶活性均存在明显差异 ,土壤粘粒粉粒含量和有机质、全氮、水解氮、全磷、速效磷及盐分含量为 :木榄群落 >红海榄群落 >秋茄群落 >桐花树群落 >白骨群落 ;土壤蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶 4种水解酶和过氧化氢酶的活性大小顺序为红海榄群落 >木榄群落 >秋茄群落 >桐花树群落 >白骨壤群落 ,多酚氧化酶则与此相反 ;土壤养分含量和土壤水解酶以及多酚氧化酶活性均随剖面深度而降低 ,过氧化氢酶则呈相反趋势。英罗港红树植物群落土壤酶活性与土壤肥力因素密切相关 ,各土壤酶活性之间也存在不同程度的相关性。因此 ,土壤酶活性可以作为该土壤肥力的指标之一。 相似文献
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郑州市公园绿地表层土壤酶活性与土壤理化性质的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以郑州市6个公园绿地为研究对象,采集0～20 cm土层的108份土壤样品,测定其理化性质和土壤酶活性,并对其土壤酶活性及其与土壤理化性质进行相关性分析。结果表明,碧沙岗公园尿酶活性及磷酸酶活性最强,滨河公园过氧化氢酶活性最强,郑州绿博园多酚氧化酶活性最强;尿酶与速效钾呈正相关关系,与过氧化物酶呈负相关关系;过氧化氢酶与非毛管孔隙度、磷酸酶呈正相关关系,与速效磷、多酚氧化酶呈负相关关系;磷酸酶及蔗糖酶与土壤容重呈负相关关系,与非毛管孔隙度呈正相关关系;磷酸酶、蔗糖酶与水解性氮、阳离子交换量、有机质含量呈正相关关系;蔗糖酶与非毛管孔隙度呈正相关关系;多酚氧化酶与理化性质不相关。根据研究结果判断,土壤酶活性可以作为土壤肥力评价指标。 相似文献
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复合经营模式对土壤酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采样分析不同耕作模式的土壤酶活性和肥力因子,结果表明:所有模式的土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶的季节变化趋势一致,复合经营模式的土壤肥力和酶活性高于单种作物土壤。将土壤酶活性和土壤肥力因子进行相关分析,结果表明:蔗糖酶活性与有机质(r=0.558 7)含量极显著正相关;过氧化氢酶活性与全钾(r=0.524 7)和水解性氮(r=0.442 5)含量极显著正相关;多酚氧化酶活性与有机质(r=-0.577 9)、全氮(r=-0.619 7)和全磷(r=-0.638 5)含量均极显著负相关;脲酶活性与有机质(r=0.908 5)、速效钾(r=0.900 6)、全氮(r=0.843 5)、水解性氮(r=0.796 5)、速效磷(r=0.763 0)和全钾(r=0.676 4)含量均达到极显著正相关水平。 相似文献
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Shihong Xiao Huiming You Weibin You Jinshan Liu Changtang Cai Jianqin Wu Zhirong Ji Shihua Zhan Zhesen Hu Zhongrui Zhang Dongjin He 《林业研究》2017,28(3):521-528
The rhizosphere, distinct from bulk soil, is defined as the volume of soil around living roots and influenced by root activities. We investigated protease, invertase, cellulase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities in rhizosphere and bulk soils of six Nothotsuga longibracteata forest communities within Tianbaoyan National Nature Reserve, including N. longibracteata + either Phyllostachys pubescens, Schima superba, Rhododendron simiarum, Cunninghamia lanceolata, or Cyclobalanopsis glauca, and N. longibracteata pure forest. Rhizosphere soils possessed higher protease, invertase, cellulase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities than bulk soils. The highest invertase, urease, and acid phosphatase activities were observed in rhizosphere samples of N. longibracteata + S. superba. Protease was highest in the N. longibracteata + R. simiarum rhizosphere, while cellulase was highest in the pure N. longibracteata forest rhizosphere. All samples exhibited obvious rhizosphere effects on enzyme activities with a significant linear correlation between acid phosphatase and cellulase activities (p < 0.05) in rhizosphere soils and between protease and acid phosphatase activities (p < 0.05) in bulk soils. A principal component analysis, correlating 13 soil chemical properties indices relevant to enzyme activities, showed that protease, invertase, acid phosphatase, total N, and cellulase were the most important variables impacting rhizosphere soil quality. 相似文献
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YANG Chengdong JIAO Ruzhen SUN QiwuResearch Institute of Forestry. Chinese Academy of Forestry. Beijing . China 《中国林业科技(英文版)》2002,(4)
This article emphatically reviews the difference of soil biological activities, biochemical activities and soil chemical properties between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil of first rotation of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb) Hook) plantation. It also reviews their dynamic patterns during Chinese fir plantation development. The results show that the contents of organic and inorganic nutrients in the rhizosphere soil of young, half-mature and near-mature Chinese fir of first-rotation are more than those in non-rhizosphere soil; except for total K in young Chinese fir plantation. Various patterns of soil nutrients in different stages of Chinese fir plantation development are as follows: available N shows the trend of declination in both rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil; the content of available P also declines, only increases a little from half-mature stage to near-mature stage, but total P decreases from the beginning to the end. The content of available K increases from youn 相似文献