共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Susumu MUROYA Kouichi WATANABE Shinichiro HAYASHI Masato MIYAKE Shigeru KONASHI Youichi SATO Manabu TAKAHASHI Shigeki KAWAHATA Yoshisato YOSHIKAWA Hisashi ASO Koichi CHIKUNI Takahiro YAMAGUCHI 《Animal Science Journal》2009,80(6):678-685
To clarify muscle type‐specific effect of myostatin on myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), we examined mRNA expression of MRFs in five skeletal muscles of normal (NM) and myostatin‐deficient double‐muscled (DM) adult Japanese Shorthorn cattle by quantitative reverse‐transcribed PCR. Among the four MRFs, namely, Myf5, MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4, MyoD expression was different among the muscles of the DM cattle (P < 0.01) but not of the NM cattle. Meanwhile, MyoD expression was significantly elevated only in masseter (MS) muscle in the DM cattle due to the myostatin deficiency (P < 0.05). Myf5 and MRF4 expression in semitendinosus (ST) was higher in the DM than in the NM cattle (P < 0.05). According to analysis of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform expression, more MyHC‐2x and ‐2a and less ‐slow isoforms were expressed in the longissimus and ST muscles compared to the MS muscle in both cattle (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in MyHC expression was observed between the NM and DM cattle. Taken together, myostatin has influences on Myf5 and MRF4 expression in faster‐type muscles and on MyoD expression in slower‐type muscles, suggesting a possible muscle type‐specific effect of myostatin in skeletal muscle growth and maintenance. 相似文献
2.
S. Abe S. Rhee O. Iwanuma E. Hiroki N. Yanagisawa K. Sakiyama Y. Ide 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2009,38(4):305-310
We examined expression of four important members of myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) in the myoblasts both at mRNA and protein levels, which were subjected to mechanical stretching in in vitro condition. Our results showed that MyoD expression existed both in the stretch and in the control group at all time periods of the mechanical stimulus. Myf-5 expressed only at early stage of the stretch group. Although mRNA and protein expressions of myogenin and MRF4 were detected both in the stretch and in the control group at 12 h after the stretching, their expressions were only shown in the stretch group at 24 h after the mechanical stimulus. However, at 36 and 48 h, none of the MRFs examined except MyoD appeared in both groups. Our results suggest that the MRFs are up-regulated upon mechanical stimulus and each member plays a different major role for either proliferation or differentiation of the myoblasts. 相似文献
3.
生肌调节因子(myogenic regulatory factors,MRFs)是调控肌肉生成的重要基因,家族中包括MyoD、MyoG、Myf5和Myf6。MyoD能把多种类型细胞转化为成肌细胞,在肌肉特异基因转录调控中起着总开关作用;MyoG的表达能够控制成肌细胞融合的起始,促使成肌细胞增殖;Myf5协同MyoD在肌肉形成过程中发挥作用,而Myf6与MyoG共同控制肌肉分化。研究表明,MRFs家族基因的表达与肉用动物的产肉性能和肉质性状密切相关,遗传、营养和环境等因素对该家族基因的表达水平有显著影响。作者综述了MRFs家族的结构与功能、基因表达与活性调节以及营养、光照、温度、运动和活性物质等因素对该家族成员基因活性和肌生成的调控作用,以期为建立动物肌肉发育调控技术奠定理论基础。 相似文献
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MRFs家族成员包括Myf5、MyoD1、Myf4和Mfy6,利用Real time PCR技术,检测Myf5、MyoD1基因在从出生到体成熟（30 d、210 d、360 d）五指山猪背部肌肉组织中的表达变化趋势,以及Myf5、MyoD1基因在体成熟五指山猪心脏、肝脏、肺脏、脾脏、肾脏、肌、胃和小肠以上组织中的mRNA表达水平。结果表明：Myf5和MyoD1基因在出生后五指山猪背部肌肉组织中的mRNA表达水平与五指山猪的生长年龄成正比（P<0.05）;Myf5及MyoD1基因在成年五指山猪以上8种组织中均有表达,其中在肌肉组织中相对表达量最高。 相似文献
6.
Expression profiles and associations of muscle regulatory factor (MRF) genes with growth traits in Tibetan chickens 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1. Muscle regulatory factors (MRFs), including Myf5, Myf6 (MRF4/herculin), MyoD and MyoG (myogenin), play pivotal roles in muscle growth and development. Therefore, they are considered as candidate genes for meat production traits in livestock and poultry.
2. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression profiles of these genes in skeletal muscles (breast muscle and thigh muscle) at 5 developmental stages (0, 81, 119, 154 and 210 d old) of Tibetan chickens. Relationships between expressions of these genes and growth and carcass traits in these chickens were also estimated.
3. The expression profiles showed that in the breast muscle of both genders the mRNA levels of MRF genes were highest on the day of hatching, then declined significantly from d 0 to d 81, and fluctuated in a certain range from d 81 to d 210. However, the expression of Myf5, Myf6 and MyoG reached peaks in the thigh muscle in 118-d-old females and for MyoD in 154-d-old females, whereas the mRNA amounts of MRF genes in the male thigh muscle were in a narrow range from d 0 to d 210.
4. Correlation analysis suggested that gender had an influence on the relationships of MRF gene expression with growth traits. The RNA levels of MyoD, Myf5 genes in male breast muscle were positively related with several growth traits of Tibetan chickens (P < 0.05). No correlation was found between expressions of MRF genes and carcass traits of the chickens.
5. These results will provide a base for functional studies of MRF genes on growth and development of Tibetan chickens, as well as selective breeding and resource exploration. 相似文献
7.
研究通过检测鞘磷脂对小鼠肌卫星细胞C2C12成肌分化的影响,旨在为阐明鞘磷脂对解偶联蛋白1（UCP1）基因敲入猪骨骼肌生长的影响提供理论依据。用ELISA法检测野生型猪和UCP1敲入猪背部肌肉及血清中总鞘磷脂含量;利用CCK8法检测不同浓度（0、5、20、50和100 μg/mL）鞘磷脂对C2C12细胞增殖和毒性的影响,并通过形态学观察和分化前后细胞成肌分化标记基因生肌因子5（Myf5）、生肌决定因子（MyoD）、肌细胞生成素（Myogenin）、生肌调节因子4（MRF4）的表达检测,建立C2C12成肌分化体系;在成肌分化培养基中添加上述不同浓度的鞘磷脂,诱导分化6 d后,通过形态学和Myogenin免疫荧光染色观察肌管的形成及成肌分化标记基因的mRNA表达水平检测,确定鞘磷脂的最佳添加浓度。用筛选出的最佳鞘磷脂添加浓度诱导细胞成肌分化,在2、4和6 d收集细胞,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测周期蛋白相关基因CyclinD1、CyclinE、CDK2和CDK4的表达水平,CCK8法检测诱导2 d细胞的活力。结果发现,与野生型猪相比,UCP1-KI猪背部肌肉组织中总鞘磷脂含量显著增加（P<0.05）;血清鞘磷脂含量差异不显著（P>0.05）;不同浓度鞘磷脂对未分化C2C12细胞的增殖无显著影响（P>0.05）;成肌分化6 d后,C2C12细胞形成明显的肌管,成肌分化标记基因Myf5、MyoD、Myogenin、MRF4的mRNA和蛋白水平均极显著上调（P<0.01）;与未添加鞘磷脂的对照组相比,20 μg/mL鞘磷脂组有更多肌管形成,Myogenin阳性信号和肌管融合指数均显著增加（P<0.05）,Myogenin、MRF4基因的表达量显著提高（P<0.05）。利用20 μg/mL鞘磷脂诱导细胞分化,在分化2 d时,处理组CyclinE、CDK4基因表达量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,细胞活力也显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;分化6 d后,处理组CyclinD1、CyclinE、CDK2、CDK4基因表达量均显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。本研究结果表明,20 μg/mL鞘磷脂能够提高小鼠肌卫星细胞C2C12分化早期细胞活力和成肌分化效率,可为研究鞘磷脂对骨骼肌生长的影响提供一定的参考。 相似文献
8.
1. The objective of the research was to investigate the molecular evolutionary relationships between the duck myogenic determination factors (MYOD) gene family members and their roles in muscle development. 2. The four members of the duck MYOD gene family were cloned using RT-PCR, and their relative mRNA expression during duck muscle development was measured using qRT-PCR. 3. The results showed that MyoD and Myf5 clustered together, as did MyoG and MRF4 based on their complete amino acid sequence and the basic helix-loop-helix domain. Results of the evolutionary level analysis were consistent with that of the differential expression patterns during duck breast muscle development. As determined by qRT-PCR, MyoD and Myf5 were highly expressed in 22-day embryos, while MyoG and MRF4 expression was high in 14-day embryos. 4. We conclude that the entire MYOD gene family in the duck originated from a common ancestral gene and evolved after two duplication events. The roles of the MYOD gene family members in duck muscle development are similar to those in mammals. 相似文献
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Li J Gonzalez JM Walker DK Hersom MJ Ealy AD Johnson SE 《Journal of animal science》2011,89(6):1751-1757
Satellite cells are a heterogeneous population of myogenic precursors responsible for muscle growth and repair in mammals. The objectives of the experiment were to examine the growth rates and degree of heterogeneity within bovine satellite cells (BSC) isolated from young and adult animals. The BSC were harvested from the semimembranosus of young (4.3 ± 0.5 d) and adult (estimated 24 to 27 mo) cattle and cultured en masse. Young animal BSC re-enter the cell cycle sooner and reach maximal 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation earlier (P < 0.05) than adult contemporaries. Adult BSC contain fewer (P < 0.05) MyoD and myogenin immunopositive nuclei than BSC isolated from young animals after 3, 4, and 5 d in culture. These results indicate that BSC from young animals activate, proliferate, and differentiate sooner than isolates from adult animals. Lineage heterogeneity within BSC was examined using antibodies specific for Pax7 and Myf5, lineage markers of satellite cells, and myoblasts. Immunocytochemistry revealed the majority of Pax7-expressing BSC also express Myf5; a minor population (~5%) fails to exhibit Myf5 immunoreactivity. The percentage of Pax7:Myf5 BSC from young animals decreases sooner (P < 0.05) in culture than adult BSC, indicating a more rapid rate of muscle fiber formation. A subpopulation immunopositive for Myf5 only was identified in both ages of BSC isolates. The growth kinetics and heterogeneity of young BSC was further evaluated by clonal analysis. Single cell clones were established and analyzed after 10 d. Colonies segregated into 2 groups based upon population doubling time. Immunostaining of the slow-growing colonies (population doubling time ≥ 3 d) revealed that a portion exhibited asymmetric distribution of the lineage markers Pax7 and Myf5, similar to self-renewable mouse muscle stem cells. In summary, these results offer insight into the heterogeneity of BSC and provide evidence for subtle differences between rodent and bovine myogenic precursors. 相似文献
11.
H. Li C. Zhu Z. Tao W. Xu W. Song Y. Hu W. Zhu C. Song 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2014,131(3):194-201
The MyoD and Myf6 genes, which are muscle regulatory factors (MRFs), play major roles in muscle growth and development and initiate muscle fibre formation via the regulation of muscle‐specific gene translation. Therefore, MyoD and Myf6 are potential candidate genes for meat production traits in animals and poultry. The objective of this study was to evaluate MyoD and Myf6 gene expression patterns in the skeletal muscle during early developmental stage of ducks. Gene expression levels were detected using the quantitative RT‐PCR method in the breast muscle (BM) and leg muscle (LM) at embryonic days 13, 17, 21, 25, 27, as well as at 1 week posthatching in Gaoyou and Jinding ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica). The MyoD and Myf6 gene profiles in the two duck breeds were consistent during early development, and MyoD gene expression showed a ‘wave’ trend in BM and an approximate ‘anti‐√’ trend in LM. Myf6 gene expression in BM showed the highest level at embryonic day 21, which subsequently decreased, although remained relatively high, while levels at embryonic days 13, 17 and 21 were higher in LM. The results of correlation analysis showed that MyoD and Myf6 gene expression levels were more strongly correlated in LM than in BM in both duck breeds. These results indicated that different expression patterns of the MyoD and Myf6 genes in BM and LM may be related to muscle development and differentiation, suggesting that MyoD and Myf6 are integral to skeletal muscle development. 相似文献
12.
以五指山猪和长白猪妊娠65 d胎儿腿部骨骼肌、背部骨骼肌、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、肠、胃、脑10种组织为材料,采用qPCR技术,检测和研究MRFs基因家族成员（包括MyoD1、Myf4、Myf5和Mfy6基因）在以上10种组织中的mRNA表达水平及差异。结果表明：（1）MRFs家族成员除肝、肾、肠组织以外,在五指山猪65 d猪胎儿组织中mRNA表达水平均高于长白猪相应组织中的表达水平（P<0.05）;（2）MRFs家族成员表达水平在腿肌和背肌中的表达普遍偏高,其他组织中表达较低（P<0.05）;（3）2个猪种在以上10种组织中MRFs家族mRNA表达水平的高低分布基本一致,其相对表达量顺序为：腿部骨骼肌＞背部骨骼肌＞肝＞肺＞胃＞脾＞脑＞肾＞肠＞心。 相似文献
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Expression of myogenic regulating factors, Myogenin and MyoD, in two canine botryoid rhabdomyosarcomas 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Kobayashi M Sakai H Hirata A Yonemaru K Yanai T Watanabe K Yamazoe K Kudo T Masegi T 《Veterinary pathology》2004,41(3):275-277
Myogenin and MyoD regulate the development of skeletal muscle, and their expressions are specific to the stages of myogenesis. Therefore, these myogenic regulatory proteins could be considered as sensitive and specific markers for rhabdomyosarcoma. In this report we investigated the immunohistochemical reactivities of myogenin and MyoD in two canine bladder botryoid rhabdomyosarcomas that were different in the degree of differentiation. MyoD was stained in the Ki-67 antigen-positive undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, which had proliferative activity similar to myoblasts differentiated from mesoblasts. In contrast, multinucleated neoplastic cells were positive for myogenin and alpha-sarcomeric actin but not for Ki-67 antigen, similar to the myotubes differentiated from myoblastic cells. The expressions of myogenin and MyoD were closely correlated to the histologic features of myogenic neoplastic cells. 相似文献
15.
Satellite cells activity contributes to postnatal muscle growth. Herein, we have studied the respective influence of insulin and triiodothyronine (T3) on the proliferation and differentiation of primary bovine satellite cells isolated from Semitendinosus muscle of Montbéliard steers. Under basal conditions, satellite cells proliferated until the fifth day of culture, began to fuse into myotubes and expressed differentiation markers such as connectin, myogenin, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms. Insulin behaved as an effective mitogen. Moreover, it promoted extensive myotube formation and enhanced differentiation as shown by an increase in the accumulation of differentiation markers. Maximal differentiation occurred with insulin physiological range concentrations. A delay in the stimulation of differentiation was registered with a high dose that promoted maximal proliferation. Conversely, T3 decreased cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, fusion and biochemical differentiation (accumulation of connectin, MyoD1, myogenin, and myosin heavy chain isoforms) were also enhanced. Bovine satellite cells seemed to respond differentially to insulin and T3 for proliferation. Interestingly, both hormones displayed a myogenic influence. Our observations suggest that both hormones could influence bovine satellite cells in vivo and contribute to the regulation of postnatal muscle growth. 相似文献
16.
本研究对牛骨骼肌卫星细胞进行体外分离培养、诱导分化和鉴定,采用胶原酶和胰酶联用的酶消化法分离肌卫星细胞,应用差速贴壁法进行纯化,观察卫星细胞及诱导分化后肌管的形态结构,并利用标志基因的反转录PCR（RT-PCR）和免疫荧光染色方法对分化前后细胞进行鉴定。结果显示,分离出的肌卫星细胞呈梭形生长,生长状态良好,RT-PCR和免疫荧光染色显示肌卫星细胞Pax7和MyoD呈阳性表达,纯化后的肌卫星细胞纯度大于93%;诱导分化后,卫星细胞融合生长,形成的肌管状态良好,分化标志基因MyoG和MHC呈阳性表达。本研究建立了一套从牛肌肉组织中分离和鉴定肌卫星细胞的方法,可以为肌肉的发育分化和肉牛肉质改良研究提供良好的细胞模型。 相似文献
17.
猪骨骼肌是动物机体重要的运动组织及人类主要的肉食来源,也是研究肌肉生长发育和疾病的良好模型。猪出生后,骨骼肌的生长发育、损伤修复都需要肌卫星细胞的参与,体外分离培养猪骨骼肌卫星细胞是深入研究骨骼肌生长发育及疾病发生机理的基础,是在细胞水平进行分子功能验证的前提。随着肌肉发育和病理分子机制研究的不断深入,猪骨骼肌卫星细胞的体外分离培养技术也迅速发展起来。背最长肌、后腿肌和半腱肌常用于分离骨骼肌卫星细胞,1日龄猪背最长肌的分离效果最好。常用于分离骨骼肌卫星细胞的酶包括链酶蛋白酶、胶原酶、胰蛋白酶、胶原蛋白酶等,各酶及酶联合消化的时间不同,最优的过滤方式是200目+400目联合过滤,3次离心法可获得纯度较高的细胞。常使用的培养基为DMEM/F12+10%胎牛血清(FBS)+1%青-链霉素(P/S)。骨骼肌肌卫星细胞常见标记物有配对盒基因3(PAX3)、PAX7、生肌决定因子5(Myf5)、Myf4、肌分化因子(MyoD)、肌细胞生成素(MyoG)等。作者通过对猪骨骼肌肌卫星细胞的分离、培养及鉴定等方面进行综述,梳理出各步骤中最佳参数,为建立规范猪骨骼肌卫星细胞分离程序提供参考,以期为肌肉发育和疾病研究提供理论及技术支持。 相似文献
18.
牛MRFs基因家族研究进展 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
肌肉调节因子（MRFs）基因家族又叫生肌决定因子（MyoD）基因家族,该家族编码4种肌肉特异性转录因子,分别是MyoD、MyoG、Myf5和Myf6,它们是控制骨骼肌生成的关键调节因子,共同控制肌肉的生成。研究表明,这些肌肉特异性转录因子与肌肉生长和肉质有着密切的关系。近年来,该家族的基因已成为肉用动物研究的热点,在牛上已有一些研究,其中包括遗传变异及功能研究等。在此,本文对牛MRFs家族基因结构与基因定位,MRFs家族的功能,MRFs家族基因遗传多态性研究的现状及其在肉牛育种中的应用进行了综述。 相似文献
19.
p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号途径调节骨骼肌生长发育的机理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号途径是成肌细胞分化过程中重要的调节途径。p38 M APK蛋白在成肌细胞分化过程中受上游丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶3(M KK3)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶6(MKK6)的激活而活化其下游成肌分化蛋白(MyoD)、肌生成素5(Myf5)、肌形成蛋白(myogenin)、肌肉调节因子4(MRF4)等肌肉调节因子。p38 MAPK信号途径的活化可以进一步增加骨骼肌纤维细胞蛋白含量,增加肌纤维长度和横截面直径,使骨骼肌纤维在数量不变的前提下质量大幅度提高,本文就p38 MAPK信号途径调节骨骼肌生长发育的机理进行综述。 相似文献
20.
Keitaro Yamanouchi Katsuyuki Nakamura Shiho Takeuchi Tohru Hosoyama Takashi Matsuwaki Masugi Nishihara 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13573
The degree of intramuscular adipose tissue accumulation is one of the factors affecting meat quality. Accumulation of adipocytes is also observed under the pathological condition of skeletal muscle such as muscular dystrophy and sarcopenia. The origin of adipocytes seen in skeletal muscle is mesenchymal progenitor cells that can give rise to both adipocytes and fibroblasts. In the present study, we demonstrated that siRNA-mediated suppression of MyoD expression in rat skeletal muscle progenitor cell culture, which comprises both myogenic satellite cells and mesenchymal progenitor cells, resulted in diminished myotube formation and an unexpected spontaneous appearance of white adipocytes. Suppressing myomaker expression also resulted in complete absence of myotube formation without reducing MyoD expression, but no adipogenesis was seen in this scenario, indicating that decline in MyoD expression rather than decreased myotube formation is necessary to induce adipogenesis. In addition, spontaneous adipogenesis induced by suppressing MyoD expression in culture was inhibited by the conditioned medium from control culture, indicating that anti-adipogenic factor(s) are secreted from MyoD-positive myogenic cells. These results indicate the presence of regulatory mechanism on adipogenesis by myogenic cells. 相似文献