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1.
直播稻出苗难的问题是制约直播稻发展的重要因素之一,中胚轴的长度与直播稻大田出苗率和出苗质量密切相关。利用控制中胚轴伸长的基因培育长中胚轴品种是提高水稻直播稻出苗率和出苗质量的重要策略。为了挖掘长中胚轴水稻品种资源和鉴定控制中胚轴长度的基因,本研究以来源广泛的203份水稻核心种质为研究材料,评价了不同类型品种芽期中胚轴长度表型变异,利用全基因组关联分析(genome wide association analysis, GWAS)定位了控制中胚轴长度的QTL,并预测相关候选基因。结果表明,不同亚群材料中胚轴长度表型变异丰富,6个亚群平均长度为AUS稻(AUS)>温带粳稻(TEJ)>中间型(ADMIX)>籼稻(IND)>热带粳稻(TRJ)>香稻(AROMATIC)。GWAS分析定位了21个中胚轴长度相关QTL,共48个显著关联的SNP(P<0.001),分别位于第1、2、3、4、5、6和10染色体上。预测获得其中5个QTL区间的6个候选基因,编码松弛细胞壁、细胞伸长因子、生长素诱导等蛋白。研究结果为进一步克隆水稻中胚轴长度调控基因和利用分子标记辅助选择培... 相似文献
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《作物学报》2021,(10)
中胚轴长度(mesocotyl length, ML)是影响旱直播水稻出苗和早期幼苗活力的重要性状。发掘中胚轴伸长相关位点,解析其遗传机制,选育长中胚轴品种是促进旱直播技术推广最为经济和有效的方式。本研究以长中胚轴品种‘Changai’和短中胚轴品种‘IR 145’为亲本构建的F_2遗传分离群体为材料,构建长池和短池并开展深度重测序(50×)。利用Δ(SNP-index)和G-value两种方法在3号染色体29.56～33.28 Mb处鉴定到1个中胚轴伸长相关位点qML3。在候选区域开发KASP标记,对184个F_2株系开展连锁分析,将候选区间缩小到28.89～31.03Mb。结合基因注释、连锁分析和基因表达分析结果,推测LOC_Os03g52450、LOC_Os03g56060、LOC_Os03g58290、LOC_Os03g58300、LOC_Os03g58320、LOC_Os03g56050和LOC_Os03g57640为候选基因。这些基因分别与植物激素的调控和细胞分裂相关机制有关。本研究发掘了一个水稻中胚轴伸长相关位点,对选育长中胚轴品种有一定帮助。 相似文献
3.
在3个生长环境下种植水稻Nipponbare/Kasalath//Nipponbare 回交重组自交系（backcross inbred lines,BILs）98个家系(BC1F12和BC1F13)及其亲本,调查剑叶叶鞘长度、最上节间长和包颈长度,运用复合区间作图方法（CIM）,在全基因组5％显著水平上,对这3个性状进行了QTL分析。结果表明,共检测到3个剑叶叶鞘长度性状的QTL,分布于第1、3、4染色体,解释表型变异的12.83%~18.50%;qFLL-1位点在3个环境中均被检测到,增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,qFLL-3和qFLL-4位点在单个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。共检测到3个最上节间长度性状的QTL,分别位于第1、3、6染色体,解释表型变异的5.64%~14.18%;qUIL-6位点在3个环境中都被检测到,增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,其余2个QTL均在2个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。共检测到4个包颈长度性状的QTL,分布于第1、3、5、10染色体,解释表型变异的6.8%~17.76%;qPEL-10在3个环境中均被检测到,qPEL-5在两个环境中被检测到,这两个位点增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,其余2个位点分别在单个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。 相似文献
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5.
利用多亲本高代互交系(multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross,MAGIC)群体(DC1、DC2和8way)及其复合群体DC12(DC1+DC2)和RMPRIL(DC1+DC2+8way)进行关联分析定位水稻抽穗期和株高QTL。2015年和2016年分别在江西和深圳收集3个MAGIC群体抽穗期数据,2016年在两地收集株高数据,结合Rice 55K SNP芯片进行基因分型,利用关联分析方法检测到3个影响抽穗期的主效QTL(q HD3、q HD6和q HD8),分别位于第3、第6和第8染色体,且分别与已知抽穗期基因DTH3、Hd3a和Ghd8在同一区域。检测到5个影响株高的QTL(q PH1.1、q PH1.2、q PH1.3、q PH4和q PH6),其中q PH1.1和q PH1.2位于已知基因Psd1和sd1附近,其余3个QTL为影响株高的新位点,但仅在1个群体和单个环境下被检测到,QTL表达受遗传背景和环境影响大。不同MAGIC群体定位抽穗期和株高的效果不同,在8亲本MAGIC群体8way及复合群体DC12和RMPRIL分别检测到5、5和6个抽穗期和株高QTL,明显多于4亲本群体DC1的2个和DC2的4个,而且作图的精度更高,表现在定位到的QTL显著水平高和与已知基因距离更近,尤其是复合群体的联合分析(如DC12和RMPRIL)的作图优势更为明显。 相似文献
6.
在3个生长环境下种植水稻Nipponbare/Kasalath//Nipponbare回交重组自交系（backcross inbred lines,BILs）98个家系（BC1F12和BC1F13）及其亲本,调查剑叶叶鞘长度、最上节间长度和包颈长度,运用复合区间作图方法（CIM）,在全基因组5%显著水平上,对这3个性状进行了QTL分析。结果表明,共检测到3个剑叶叶鞘长度性状的QTL,分布于第1、3、4染色体,解释表型变异的12.83%～18.50%;qFLL-1位点在3个环境中均被检测到,增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,qFLL-3和qFLL-4位点在单个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。共检测到3个最上节间长度性状的QTL,分别位于第1、3、6染色体,解释表型变异的5.64%～14.18%;qUIL-6位点在3个环境中都被检测到,增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,其余2个QTL均在2个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。共检测到4个包颈长度性状的QTL,分布于第1、3、5、10染色体,解释表型变异的6.80%～17.76%;qPEL-10在3个环境中均被检测到,qPEL-5在两个环境中被检测到,这两个位点增效等位基因来自Nipponbare,其余2个位点分别在单个环境中被检测到,增效等位基因均来自Kasalath。 相似文献
7.
灌溉与自然降雨条件下水稻高代回交导入系产量QTL的定位 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
利用254个Lemont导入到特青背景的高代回交导入系定位了灌溉（对照）与自然降雨（干旱胁迫）环境下影响单株籽粒产量及其穗部相关性状的QTL。在两种环境下共检测到32个影响单株粒籽产量、千粒重和每穗实粒数的主效QTL,根据不同环境下表达的情况将其分成3类,第1类10个QTL,在两种环境下均被检测到;第2类14个QTL,只在对照条件下检测到;第3类8个QTL,受干旱胁迫诱导,只在胁迫条件下被检测到。此外还检测到9个影响胁迫与对照条件下性状差值的QTL。认为在两种条件下均检测到的相对稳定的3个QTL（QGn11b、QGn12和QGn11b）及影响两种条件下性状差值（即性状稳定性）的9个QTL可能对耐旱性有直接贡献。在所有12个耐旱QTL中,除在QGn5和QGy1的Lemont等位基因减小性状差值（即增强耐旱性）外,其余位点上增强耐旱性的等位基因均来自特青。另外通过与源自相同亲本的不同定位群体在不同环境下定位结果的比较,鉴别出一些受遗传背景和环境影响较小的QTL如QGn3b、QGw1、QGw5、QGy1、QGy5、QGy8和QGy10。对应用QTL定位结果进行标记辅助选择培育耐旱品种进行了探讨。 相似文献
8.
在干旱和正常水分条件下玉米穗部性状QTL分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
穗部性状与产量密切相关,因此对其进行遗传剖析可为玉米高产育种提供理论基础,尤其是对干旱胁迫下的稳产有重要意义。本研究以玉米骨干亲本黄早四分别与自交系掖478和齐319进行杂交,构建了两套F2:3群体(分别记为Y/H和Q/H)。在正常水分灌溉和干旱胁迫下对穗长、穗粗、轴粗、穗行数、行粒数、穗粒重和穗重等7个穗部性状进行了表型鉴定,采用基于混合线性模型的单环境分析和相同处理水平的联合分析方法进行了QTL分析。结果表明,在干旱胁迫下,2个群体的亲本及F2:3家系的各性状值均低于正常水分条件,且穗粒重与穗长、穗重、穗粗呈正相关。在干旱胁迫下和正常水分条件下,通过两种检测方法共定位到75个玉米穗部性状QTL,其中Y/H群体共定位了20个QTL,分布在第1、第2、6、第5、第7、第10染色体上;Q/H群体共定位了55个QTL,分布在第2、第3、第4、第5、第6、第7、第9、第10染色体上;但是在干旱条件下两群体分别只检测到4个和19个QTL,明显低于正常水分条件下检测到的QTL数目。通过联合分析只检测到3个QTL与环境发生显著互作和6对QTL存在上位性互作效应,说明玉米穗部性状的遗传基础较为复杂。同时还发现,Y/H群体在正常灌溉与干旱条件下检测到2个一致性的QTL,分别是qKRE1-5-1和qKRE1-7-1,对表型变异解释的变化范围是6.15%~19.48%;Q/H群体检测到3个一致性QTL,分别是qKRE2-5-1、qGW2-10-1和qKRE2-3-1,对表型变异解释的变化范围是7.14%~16.65%,说明这些QTL受环境影响较小,能够稳定遗传,可以作为分子标记辅助选择的候选区间应用于玉米穗部性状抗旱性改良。 相似文献
9.
以南方籼型杂交稻恢复系泸恢99和北方粳型超级稻沈农265杂交衍生的重组自交系群体(recombinant inbred lines, RILs)为试验材料, 对株型性状(株高、穗长、分蘖和叶片性状)进行不同环境下的数量性状基因位点(quantitative trait locus, QTL)分析。共检测到39个相关QTL, 分布在水稻第1、第2、第3、第6、第7、第8和第9染色体上, LOD值介于2.50~16.90之间, 有11个QTL能在两年中被检测到。株型相关的QTL在染色体上成簇分布, 主要分布于第1、第6和第9染色体上, 这可能与株型性状间显著或极显著相关有关。其中, 在第9染色体上RM3700B–RM7424区间存在1个QTL簇, 含4个QTL, 即qPH9、qPL9、qFLL9和qSLL9, 这4个QTL在两年中均被检测到。此外, 进一步鉴定出5个能稳定表达的QTL, 其中, qPH8、qFLW6和qSLW6效应较大。这些信息综合反映了株型相关性状遗传的复杂性, 有助于我们更全面地了解和掌握株型性状的遗传基础。 相似文献
10.
水稻剑叶形态与稻米粒形QTL分析及相应剩余杂合体衍生群体的构建 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用D50/HB277衍生的由190个株系组成的F7重组自交系群体,在杭州和海南两种环境条件下对剑叶形态及稻米粒形进行QTL分析.共检测到控制上述性状29个QTL,分布于除第2和第11染色体以外的其它所有染色体,其中6个QTL在两种环境中同时被检测到且贡献率大于10%.第1、4和7染色体分别存在控制剑叶面积、剑叶宽度及稻米粒形等性状且贡献率较大的QTL区间,同时在上述区间还存在控制其它多个性状,表现为QTL成簇分布,并以此筛选了3个剩余杂合体,作为相关基因遗传分解、精细定位、克隆及分子设计育种的候选区域. 相似文献
11.
QTL analysis of cooked rice grain elongation, volume expansion, and water absorption using a recombinant inbred population 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
The traits of elongation, volume expansion, and water absorption are very important in determining the quality of cooked rice grains. In this study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of these traits was performed using a recombinant inbred population derived from a cross between two indica cultivars, ‘Zhenshan 97’ and ‘Minghui 63 ,’ which are the parents of the most widely grown hybrid rice in China. Using a linkage map based on 221 molecular marker loci covering a total of 1796 cM, a total of 33 QTLs were identified for the nine traits tested. QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1– 3 , 5– 9 , and 11 , respectively. The QTLs identified included three for cooked rice grain length elongation (chromosomes 2 , 6 , and 11), six for width expansion (chromosomes 1‐ 3 , 6 , 9 , and 11) and two for water absorption (chromosomes 2 and 6). Interestingly, a single QTL located near the wx gene on chromosome 6 seemed to influence all the traits tested for the cooked rice quality. 相似文献
12.
以耐旱性差异较大的两个亲本珍汕97B（ZS97B）和IRAT109构建的重组自交系（RIL）为试验材料,在正常水分条件和干旱胁迫[浓度为18%的聚乙二醇-6000（PEG-6000）模拟干旱]条件对水稻苗期苗高、根长、苗高生长速率、根长苗高比、叶卷曲进行QTL定位分析,共检测到24个相关的QTL,贡献率变幅在7.35%~39.30%。其中正常条件下检测到13个相关的QTL位点,分布在第1、2、3、5、6、10、12染色体上;干旱胁迫条件下检测到11个相关的QTL位点,分布在第1、3、5、7、10、12染色体上。2种条件下检测到的QTL位点差异很大,表明不同处理条件下相关性状的遗传机制不同。此外,在第1染色体上的RM472~RM104存在控制苗高、苗高生长速率、根长、根长苗高比多个性状的QTL,并且此区间在2种处理条件下能重复检测到控制苗高位点。 相似文献
13.
Qinghui Han Yao Shen Lv Lv Michael Lee Thomas Lübberstedt Guangwu Zhao 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(6):1125-1134
In arid or semi-arid regions, deep-sowing is an effective treasure to ensure seeds absorbing water from deep soil layer at present. However, the existing maize varieties have poor tolerance to deep-sowing, which is attributed to that few genes are explored and utilised. In this study, 243 IBM Syn4 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) constructed with B73 and Mo17 as parents and 1,339 DNA markers evenly distributed in 10 chromosomes, were used for QTL analysis of deep-sowing tolerance during seed germination. There were significant differences in germination-related traits between the parental lines at 12.5 cm sowing depth. Among them, 7, 7, 5, 10 and 2 QTLs for emergence rate, seedling length, plumule length, mesocotyl length and coleoptile length were detected, respectively. These QTLs explained 2.75% to 10.49% of the phenotypic variance with LOD scores ranging from 2.50 to 8.27. In addition, 12 overlapping QTLs formed five QTL clusters on chromosomes 3, 5, 7 and 9. This study provides a basis for molecular marker-assisted breeding and functional study in deep-sowing germination of maize. 相似文献
14.
In order to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for drought tolerance in wheat during seed germination conditional and unconditional QTL analyses of eight seedling traits were conducted under two water regimes using three related F9 recombinant inbred line populations with a common female parent. A total of 87 QTLs for the eight seedlings traits and 34 specific QTLs related to drought tolerance were detected. Seventy-one of these QTLs were major QTLs with contributions to phenotypic variance of >10 %. Of the 34 QTLs related to drought tolerance only eight were also detected by unconditional analysis of seedling traits under osmotic stress conditions indicating that most of the QTLs related to drought tolerance could not be detected by unconditional QTL analysis. Therefore, conditional QTL analysis of stress-tolerance traits such as drought tolerance was feasible and effective. Of 11 important QTL clusters located on chromosomes 1BL, 1D, 2A, 2B, 2D, 4A, 6B, and 7B, nine were detected in multiple populations and eight were detected by both unconditional and conditional analyses. 相似文献
15.
Salt tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the seed germination stage is one of the major determinants for the stable stand establishment in salinity soil. One
population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs, F2:9), derived from a cross between a japonica rice landrace tolerant to salt stress and a sensitive indica rice variety, was used to determine the germination traits including
imbibition rate and germination percentage under control (water) and salt stress (100 mM NaCl) for 10 days at 30 °C. The multiple
interval mapping (MIM) were applied to conduct QTL for the traits. The results showed that seed germination was a quantitative
trait controlled by several genes, and strongly affected by salt stress. A total of 16 QTLs were detected in this study, and
each QTL could explain 4.6–43.7% of the total phenotypic variance. The expression of these QTLs might be developmentally regulated
and growth stage-specific. In addition, only one digenic interaction was detected under salt stress, showing small effect
on germination percentage with R2 2.7%. Among sixteen QTLs detected in this study, four were major QTLs with R2 > 30%, and some novel alleles of salt tolerance genes in rice. The results demonstrated that the japonica rice Jiucaiqing is a good source of gene(s) for salt tolerance and the major or minor QTLs identified could be used to improve
the salt tolerance by marker-assisted selection (MAS) in rice. 相似文献
16.
水、旱栽培条件下稻谷粒型和粒重的相关分析及其QTL定位 总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4
为了解水、旱栽培条件下水稻粒形和粒重的表型及QTL变化,以陆稻品种IRAT109和水稻品种越富构建的双单倍体群体为材料,系统分析了稻谷粒长、粒宽、粒重及长宽比在水、旱栽培条件下的相关性,并进行了数量性状基因位点的比较定位。结果表明,水、旱条件下,粒长与长宽比和粒重均呈极显著正相关;粒宽与长宽比呈极显著负相关,与粒重极显著正相关,4个性状在水、旱条件间相关性都达极显著正相关。其中粒长的相关系数最高,达0.817,粒宽的相关系数最低,为0.457。表明粒长受水分影响最小而粒宽受水分影响较大。粒重、长宽比介于二者之间。两种条件下共检测到14个QTLs,分布于水稻1、5、6、7、10和12染色体上,其中控制粒长的5个,LOD值为1.93~5.11,贡献率为5.97%~28.85%;控制粒宽的1个,LOD值为2.39,贡献率为12.76%;控制长宽比的3个,LOD值为2.08~4.6,贡献率为7.78%~21.89%;控制粒重的5个,LOD值为2.68~9.45,贡献率为4.1%~14.8%。其中控制粒长的qGL-5及控制粒重的qGWt-1a和qGWt-1b在水、旱条件下均能检测到,在抗旱育种中可用于分子标记辅助选择籽粒性状。QTL分析的结果进一步验证了表型分析结果,粒宽相对易受土壤水分影响,粒长、粒重和长宽比,受水分胁迫影响较小,遗传比较稳定。 相似文献
17.
水稻中胚轴伸长特性的遗传分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
以长中胚轴/短中胚轴杂交组合的两个亲本、F1、B1、B2和F2为试验材料，在小型人工气候箱黑暗条件下培养幼苗，对水稻中胚轴伸长特性的遗传规律进行了研究。结果表明，中胚轴伸长特性受两对隐性基因控制。F2群体中长、短中胚轴植株在节间长度、穗长、株高和剑叶长等性状上均存在较明显的差异，而中胚轴伸长特性与节间粗、剑叶宽、单株穗数、每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重和单株产量等性状关系不明显。还对水稻中胚轴伸长特性的遗传改良以及长中胚轴材料在直播稻育种上的利用进行了探讨。 相似文献
18.
水稻粒长主效QTL的分子遗传效应分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了探索水稻粒长遗传机制,利用小穗小粒型水稻Milyang 46和大穗大粒型FJCD构建的含130个家系的重组自交群体及其包含119个分子标记的连锁图谱,分别在福建武夷山和莆田对水稻粒长进行数量性状基因位点(Quantitative trait loci,QTL)定位及其环境互作分析。结果共检测到16个控制粒长的加性QTL,包括在武夷山被检测到的7个QTL和在莆田检测到的9个QTL。它们分布在第1、2、4、5、6、7、10、11、12号染色体上,其中有2个QTL在2个环境下被重复检出。qGL-4-6在武夷山和莆田的表型变异贡献率分别为5.69%、3.58%,qGL-10-1在武夷山和莆田的表型变异贡献率分别为15.82%、8.06%。16个加性QTL中,qGL-5-3、qGL-10-1与环境存在显著互作,而互作效应对表型变异的贡献率为0。 相似文献
19.
Chun‐Fang Zhao Li‐Hui Zhou Ya‐Dong Zhang Zhen Zhu Tao Chen Qing‐Yong Zhao Shu Yao Xin Yu Cai‐Lin Wang 《Plant Breeding》2014,133(2):189-195
Nitrogen (N) deficiency is a major yield‐limiting factor in rice production. The objective of this study was to identify putative QTLs for low‐N stress tolerance of rice, using an advanced backcross population derived from crosses between an indica cultivar ‘93‐11’ and a japonica cultivar ‘Nipponbare’ and genotyped at 250 marker loci. Plant height, maximum root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight and plant dry weight under two N conditions and their relative traits were used to evaluate low‐N tolerance at the seedling stage. A total of 44 QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 9. Eight intervals on five chromosomes were identified to harbour multiple QTLs, suggesting pleiotropism or multigenic effects according to the contributor of alleles. Some QTL clusters were found in the nearby regions of genes associated with N recycling in rice, indicating that the key N metabolism genes might have effects on the expression of QTLs. Several unique QTLs for relative traits were detected, which suggested the specific genetic basis of relative performance. 相似文献
20.
Touming Liu Yushan Zhang Weiya Xue Caiguo Xu Xianghua Li Yongzhong Xing 《Euphytica》2010,172(3):383-394
The ability to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in a bi-allelic population is often limited. The power of QTL detection
and identification of the most beneficial allele at each QTL could be greatly improved by comparing QTLs among different populations
derived from connecting multi-parents. In this study, three sets of connected recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from
the crosses between Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63 (PZM), Zhenshan 97 and Teqing (PZT), and Minghui 63 and Teqing (PMT), respectively,
were used. QTL analyses for the number of spikelets per panicle (SPP) and 1,000-grain weight (TGW) were performed in PZT,
and five SPP QTLs on chromosomes 1, 6, and 7 and two TGW QTLs on chromosome 1 were detected. QTL for SPP was also identified
in PMT, and six QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7 in this population. In an earlier study, we identified
five SPP QTLs and four TGW QTLs in PMT and nine TGW QTLs in PZM. Comparison of the QTL mapping results of these two studies
showed that one QTL was common to the three populations, 11 QTLs were detected in two populations, and six QTLs were found
in only one population. Comparison of genetic effect and the action direction of the QTLs detected in the three populations
showed that additive effects of QTLs estimated in different populations were also expressed additively among three parental
alleles. Additive effects of SPP7a estimated in three near-isogenic line F2 populations supported this finding. Based on these results, we suggest that pyramiding the most beneficial alleles among
the three parents could efficiently improve rice yield. 相似文献