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1.
本试验通过在基础饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌,研究其对肉鸡生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。选择1日龄180只健康爱拔益加肉鸡,随机分为3个组,分别为无抗对照组、抗生素组和丁酸梭菌组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。无抗对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加5 mg/kg黄霉素、75 mg/kg金霉素和20 mg/kg吉他霉素,丁酸梭菌组在基础饲粮中添加2.5×108CFU/kg丁酸梭菌,试验期42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮添加丁酸梭菌未显著影响肉鸡21日龄和42日龄体重、1~21日龄平均日增重和料重比(P>0.05);与无抗对照组相比,饲粮添加丁酸梭菌极显著降低了1~21日龄肉鸡平均日采食量(P<0.01)。2)与无抗对照组和抗生素组相比,饲粮添加丁酸梭菌显著提高了42日龄肉鸡血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇含量和碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05)。3)与无抗对照组或抗生素组相比,饲粮添加丁酸梭菌显著提高了42日龄肉鸡血清总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白含量(P<0.05);与无抗对照组相比,饲粮添加丁酸梭菌极显著降低了21日龄和42日龄肉鸡血清氨含量(P<0.01),显著降低了21日龄肉鸡血清尿酸含量(P<0.05)。综上,饲粮添加丁酸梭菌显著改变了肉鸡脂类代谢,提高了血清中蛋白质含量,降低了蛋白质代谢废物含量。 相似文献
2.
本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌对肉鸡腿肌脂肪代谢的影响。试验选用1日龄爱拔益加肉公鸡192只,随机分为2个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1×10~9CFU/kg丁酸梭菌的饲粮,试验期为42 d。结果表明,与对照组相比:1)饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌显著增加了21日龄肉鸡腿肌肌内脂肪含量(P0.05),但对42日龄肉鸡腿肌肌内脂肪含量无显著影响(P0.05)。2)饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌显著降低了21日龄肉鸡腿肌激素敏感脂肪酶活性(P0.05),显著提高了21日龄肉鸡腿肌脂蛋白脂酶活性(P0.05),且有增加42日龄肉鸡腿肌脂蛋白脂酶活性的趋势(0.05P0.10)。3)饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌显著降低了21日龄肉鸡血清中游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸含量(P0.05)。4)饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌显著降低了21日龄肉鸡腿肌脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶mRNA表达量(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌可通过改变21日龄肉鸡腿肌脂肪代谢相关酶活性和基因表达来增加肉鸡腿肌肌内脂肪含量。 相似文献
3.
试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌在商品肉鸡上的替抗和应用效果。选用1日龄罗斯308商品肉鸡720只，随机分为3组，对照组饲喂无抗基础日粮，抗生素组在基础日粮中添加75 g/t的广谱抗生素（金霉素），丁酸梭菌组在基础日粮中添加丁酸梭菌50 g/t。试验分1～21日龄和22～42日龄两个阶段进行。结果表明：(1)与对照组相比，抗生素组和丁酸梭菌组肉鸡21日龄和42日龄的体重、各阶段的平均日增重（ADG）和欧洲效益指数（EPI）显著提高（P<0.05）,22～42日龄的平均日采食量（ADFI）和各阶段的料重比（F/G）显著降低（P<0.05）。(2)与对照组相比，抗生素组和丁酸梭菌组肉鸡21日龄的半净膛率、42日龄的屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率显著提高（P<0.05）,21日龄的腹脂率显著降低（P<0.05）；同时，丁酸梭菌组21日龄的腹脂率显著低于对照组和抗生素组（P<0.05）。(3)与对照组相比，抗生素组和丁酸梭菌组肉鸡42日龄的脾脏指数、胸腺指数和法氏囊指数显著提高（P<0.05）；丁酸梭菌组肉鸡42日龄的脾脏指数和胸腺指数显著高于抗生素组（P<0.05）... 相似文献
4.
丁酸梭菌对肉鸡屠宰性能、肌肉品质和抗氧化功能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《动物营养学报》2021,33(6)
本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌对肉鸡屠宰性能、肌肉品质和抗氧化功能的影响。选取360只健康的1日龄爱拔益加雄性肉仔鸡,随机分为3组,分别为对照组、抗生素组和丁酸梭菌组,每组8个重复,每个重复15只鸡。对照组饲喂无抗生素基础饲粮,抗生素组饲喂基础饲粮+75 mg/kg金霉素,丁酸梭菌组饲喂基础饲粮+500 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(活菌数1×109CFU/g)。试验期为42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,丁酸梭菌组肉鸡末重、屠宰率和全净膛率显著提高(P0.05),胸肌24 h的红度值和pH显著提高(P0.05),胸肌粗蛋白质和粗脂肪含量显著提高(P0.05),胸肌24 h的亮度值和蒸煮损失显著降低(P0.05),胸肌总抗氧化能力以及总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著提高(P0.05),胸肌丙二醛含量显著降低(P 0.05),胸肌核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1、超氧化物歧化酶1和血红素氧合酶1的mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P0.05)。2)与抗生素组相比,丁酸梭菌组肉鸡胸肌肉蒸煮损失显著降低(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加丁酸梭菌可提高肉鸡末重,改善屠宰性能和胸肌肉品质,激活Nrf2信号通路相关基因的表达,增强肌肉抗氧化功能,表明丁酸梭菌可作为抗生素替代物应用于肉鸡饲粮。 相似文献
5.
《动物营养学报》2021,33(8)
本试验旨在探究饲粮添加乳酸链球菌素(Nisin)对肉鸡生长性能、抗氧化和免疫性能及肠道形态的影响。选取体重[(38.40±0.80) g]相近、健康的1日龄哈伯德公鸡360只,随机分为3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.08%和0.11%Nisin的饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.08%和0.11%Nisin显著降低了肉鸡22～42日龄和1～42日龄料重比(P0.05),有提高肉鸡42日龄体重的趋势(P=0.087)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.08%和0.11%Nisin有提高肉鸡屠宰率的趋势(P=0.066),各组间其他屠宰性能指标无显著差异(P0.05)。3)21日龄时,Nisin组肉鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P0.05);42日龄时,0.11%Nisin组肉鸡血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05)。4)0.11%Nisin组肉鸡21和42日龄空肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P0.05)。5)与对照组相比,饲粮添加0.08%和0.11%Nisin显著提高了肉鸡21日龄空肠分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)和42日龄血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量;0.11%组肉鸡21日龄血清免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和42日龄空肠sIgA含量均显著提高(P0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,饲粮添加Nisin可提高肉鸡血清抗氧化能力,调节机体免疫性能,促进小肠绒毛发育,从而改善生长性能,且以0.08%添加水平效益较佳。 相似文献
6.
《动物营养学报》2021,33(7)
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加龙须菜多糖(GLP)对肉鸡生长性能、血清抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响。试验选取体重相近的1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡288只,随机分成3个组,每组6个重复,每个重复16只鸡(公母各占1/2)。对照(CON)组饲喂基础饲粮,龙须菜多糖和抗生素(ANTI)组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.1%龙须菜多糖和10 mg/kg抗生素的试验饲粮。试验期42 d,分为1～21日龄和22～42日龄2个阶段。结果表明:1)龙须菜多糖和抗生素组肉鸡22～42日龄时的末重和平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),1～21日龄和22～42日龄时的料重比显著低于对照组(P0.05)。2)龙须菜多糖组肉鸡21和42日龄时血清中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于对照组(P0.05),42日龄时血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及21和42日龄时血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于对照组和抗生素组(P0.05)。3)龙须菜多糖组肉鸡42日龄时血清中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量显著高于对照组和抗生素组(P0.05);抗生素组21和42日龄时血清中免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量显著低于其他2组(P0.05)。4)龙须菜多糖组肉鸡血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量在21日龄时显著低于其他2组(P0.05),42日龄时显著低于抗生素组(P0.05);龙须菜多糖和抗生素组血清中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量在21和42日龄时均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。5)龙须菜多糖和抗生素组肉鸡21日龄时肠道黏膜IL-1β的mRNA相对表达量和42日龄时肠道黏膜TNF-α的mRNA相对表达量显著低于对照组(P0.05),龙须菜多糖组42日龄时肠道黏膜IL-1β的mRNA相对表达量显著低于其他2组(P0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加0.1%龙须菜多糖能提高肉鸡的生长性能和饲料利用率,提升机体的抗氧化能力和免疫功能,并能在一定程度上缓解肉鸡的肠道炎性反应。 相似文献
7.
《中国家禽》2019,(10)
试验旨在研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌对填饲北京鸭生长性能、免疫功能和血液抗氧化指标的影响。选取1日龄健康北京鸭300只,随机分成5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸭。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加100 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(低剂量组)、200 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(中剂量组)、400 mg/kg丁酸梭菌(高剂量组)以及150 mg/kg金霉素(抗生素组)。从第37天开始,对所有北京鸭进行人工填饲,每6 h填饲一次,共填饲5 d,于第42天清晨屠宰取样并检测相关指标。结果表明:①37日龄时,丁酸梭菌组和抗生素组的体重均显著高于对照组(P0.05),但42日龄时,各组之间的体重差异不显著(P0.05)。②与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中剂量的丁酸梭菌可以显著提高填饲北京鸭血清中IgA、IgG、C3和C4的含量(P0.05)。③与对照组相比,饲粮中添加中剂量和高剂量的丁酸梭菌显著降低填饲北京鸭血清中IL-6和IL-17的含量(P0.05)。④与对照组相比,只有中剂量组的丁酸梭菌显著提高填饲北京鸭血清中SOD活性(P0.05),且均显著降低血清中CORT、ROS和MDA的含量(P0.05)。由此可见,丁酸梭菌和填饲都可以使北京鸭的体重增加,但丁酸梭菌可以有效缓解填饲应激引起的机体氧化应激和炎性反应,并提高机体免疫功能,200 mg/kg的添加效果最佳。 相似文献
8.
《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(11)
本试验旨在研究不同水平丁酸梭菌对肉鸡生产性能、血液生化指标和屠宰性能的影响。选用375只体重接近、健康的1日龄Cobb肉鸡,公、母各半,随机分成5个处理组,每组5个重复,每重复15羽,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加100、200、400、600 g/t丁酸梭菌,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,各试验组采食量和日增重均有一定增加(P>0.05),并随着丁酸梭菌添加量增加而呈下降趋势,耗料增重比也有降低趋势,其中400 g/t丁酸梭菌组22～42日龄的耗料增重比显著降低;与对照组相比,各试验组血清中总蛋白和白蛋白含量增加,尿酸含量降低,其中400 g/t丁酸梭菌组21日龄肉鸡血清中总蛋白和白蛋白含量显著增加,尿酸含量显著降低,400 g/t丁酸梭菌组42日龄肉鸡血糖含量显著增加,600 g/t组42日龄肉鸡血清中总蛋白含量显著增加;各试验组屠宰性能都有一定改善(P>0.05)。综上所述,日粮添加一定量丁酸梭菌能够改善肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能,促进肉鸡蛋白质沉积,添加100 g/t丁酸梭菌效果最佳。 相似文献
9.
《中国家禽》2021,(8)
试验旨在研究复方银杏叶中草药发酵制剂对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和抗氧化功能的影响。试验选取1日龄AA肉鸡150只,随机分为5组,每组5个重复。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础日粮,阳性对照组为基础日粮添加300 mg/kg饲用金霉素组,试验组为基础日粮分别添加0.25%、0.50%和1.00%复方银杏叶中草药发酵制剂组,饲养期为35 d。结果显示:与对照组和金霉素组相比,日粮添加复方银杏叶中草药发酵制剂对肉鸡生长性能没有显著影响,添加0.25%发酵制剂显著提高了21日龄肉鸡血清Ig G含量(P0.05);与对照组相比,添加0.25%发酵制剂显著提高了21日龄肉鸡血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)(P0.05);与金霉素组相比,添加0.50%发酵剂提高了21日龄肉鸡血清Ig G含量和T-AOC含量(P0.05),添加1.00%发酵制剂极显著提高了35日龄肉鸡血清SOD含量(P0.01)。综上所述,饲粮中添加0.25%～0.50%的复方银杏叶中草药发酵制剂能够提高肉鸡免疫功能和抗氧化能力。 相似文献
10.
试验旨在研究饲用抗生素替代品对肉鸡生产性能、抗氧化性能、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响。选用1日龄爱拔益加肉鸡384只,随机分为4个处理。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.5 g/kg八角油、1 g/kg蚯蚓肽和0.02 g/kg杆菌肽锌。试验期为42 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,试验组42日龄体重、1~21日龄和1~42日龄平均日采食量,1~42日龄平均日增重均显著提高(P0.05)。与对照组和蚯蚓肽组相比,八角油组和杆菌肽锌组1~21日龄和1~42日龄料重比显著降低(P0.05)。与对照组相比,饲粮中添加八角油显著提高肝脏、血清21日龄和42日龄超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力(P0.05),并显著降低丙二酸(MDA)含量(P0.05)。杆菌肽锌组42日龄血清、21日龄和42日龄肝脏抗氧化性能显著改善(P0.05)。相比于对照组,饲粮中添加八角油、蚯蚓肽和杆菌肽锌显著提高脾脏指数(P0.05),42日龄盲肠大肠杆菌和乳酸菌数量均显著改善(P0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中添加0.5 g/kg八角油或1 g/kg蚯蚓肽均可改善肉鸡生产性能,提高抗氧化性能和免疫性能。 相似文献
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12.
Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
13.
In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
14.
Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
15.
《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献