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小麦印度腥黑穗病菌PCR检测 总被引：6，自引：11，他引：6
应用PCR方法对小麦印度腥黑穗病菌及其近似种或相关种包括黑麦草腥黑粉菌、狼尾草腥黑粉菌、水稻腥黑粉菌等10种腥黑粉菌共14个菌株进行了检测研究。根据线粒体DNA的序列分别设计了扩增小麦印度腥黑穗病菌的特异性引物和扩增黑麦草腥黑粉菌的特异性引物，根据核糖体内转录区（ITS）DNA片段设计了扩增腥黑粉菌属真菌的引物，应用PCR方法能将小麦印度腥黑穗病菌与黑麦草腥黑粉菌及其它近似种或相关种加以区分。本方法稳定、可靠、重复性强，已分别在不同实验室的不同型号PCR仪上得到验证。 相似文献
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小麦矮腥黑穗病菌与其近缘种的rDNA-ITS序列分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本研究对小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia controversa)及其近似种小麦网腥黑穗病菌(T.caries)、小麦光腥黑穗病菌(T. foetida)的rDNA-ITS进行了测序,并结合GenBank中登录的这3个种的其他菌株及腥黑粉属其他6个近缘种41条ITS序列进行了聚类分析。结果表明,所有菌株可以被划分为3个分支:第1个分支为印度腥黑穗病菌(T. indica)与其近似种T. walkeri;第2个分支主要是小麦矮腥黑穗病菌与其近似种T. caires和T. foetida及寄生在杂草上的一些腥黑粉菌(T.bromi 和T.fusca);第3个分支主要是寄生在杂草和水稻上的腥黑粉菌(T. barclayana和T. horrida)。第1分支与第2分支之间 ITS差异较大,同一分支内不同种之间ITS差异很小。rDNA-ITS序列只能用于腥黑粉菌属中部分种的区分。 相似文献
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腥黑粉菌属3种检疫性真菌rDNA-IGS区的扩增及其序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了发掘腥黑粉菌属检疫性真菌的特异性分子标记,本研究对来自不同地区的3种检疫性腥黑粉菌:小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia controversa)、小麦网腥黑穗病菌(T. caries)和小麦光腥黑穗病菌(T. foetida)的IGS区进行了PCR扩增和序列测定,其IGS1和IGS2区的长度分别为1 511~1 513bp和1 196~1 199bp,G+C含量分别为52.6%和49.0%。用DNA-MAN软件进行比对分析发现,这3种真菌在IGS1区存在不同程度的多态性,而IGS2区的保守性很强,没有特异性的碱基位点存在。依据它们在IGS1区序列的差异,设计了一对特异性引物,可用于T. foetida的分子检测,这是首次利用分子生物学技术对该菌进行鉴定。 相似文献
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小麦矮腥黑穗病是由小麦矮腥黑粉菌（Tilletia controversa?Kühn, TCK）引起的我国对外一类检疫性病害。本项研究对其病菌冬孢子的萌发、人工接种方法进行了室内试验。结果表明,参试菌株冬孢子在土壤浸提液培养基上45~50 d时达到萌发高峰,冬孢子浓度对萌发率有影响,浓度为(100~105)×10?4个/mL时萌发率最高。因此,可以选用此浓度作为室内TCK冬孢子萌发研究的适宜浓度。在室内进行TCK冬孢子的人工接种方法的研究表明,冬孢子在培养基上萌发后,将麦种放在培养皿盖中的湿滤纸上, 置于5 ℃的培养箱中培养,直到苗长到3~5 cm,然后将麦苗种植到直径为24 cm的塑料盆中,在白天30 ℃,夜晚18 ℃的生长箱中培养至植株成熟,可获得7%左右的发病植株。 相似文献
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小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia controversa Kühn, 简称TCK)是小麦上的一种重要检疫性真菌。本研究利用内部简单重复序列(Inter-simple sequence repeat, ISSR)技术研究TCK及其近缘种的DNA多态性,开发了一种可靠而简单的方法用于TCK的分子鉴定。用ISSR引物P4从TCK中扩增出一条1 113 bp的特异性条带,据此设计了一对特异性引物TCKF/TCKR,在12个TCK菌株中均能扩增得到一条882 bp的特异性条带,而其他近缘种包括小麦网腥黑穗病菌(T. caries)和小麦光腥黑穗病菌(T. foetida)及相关黑粉菌的14个菌株均无扩增条带。用该特异性引物检测TCK的下限为25 μL反应体系中可检测到1 ng DNA模板。本研究开发的种特异性引物,可将TCK与其形态上相似的近缘种尤其是小麦网腥黑穗病菌准确区分开,本研究基于ISSR标记建立的小麦矮腥黑穗病菌的分子鉴定方法为腥黑粉菌的检疫提供了一种便捷的方法,是对现有分子鉴定方法的一个补充。 相似文献
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中美小麦矮腥黑穗病菌鉴定合作研究 Ⅰ.自发荧光显微学特性研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
中美双方为探讨适用于进口粮检疫的小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia controversa Kuehn,以下简称TCK)准确简便的鉴定方法,于1989～1992年进行联合试验。本文以美国不同时期和不同地域所收集的小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(TCK)和小麦网腥黑穗病菌(T.caries Tul.,以下简称TCT)共135个菌株为材料,对这两种病菌的自发荧光显微学特性,作了比较研究,建立了数学模型,并在人工污染样品中进行了应用研究,结果表明,自发荧光显微学法和LI-F方程,可以有效地鉴别TCK或TCT菌株,但如应用于鉴别进口粮中混合的或少量的TCK、TCT冬孢子,则其准确率随孢子含量的下降而降低。 相似文献
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Alexander Smith Camilo A. Beltrán Manabu Kusunoki Alba M. Cotes Keiichi Motohashi Takumasa Kondo Michihito Deguchi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2013,79(1):74-85
Twenty-one isolates of Trichoderma spp. were collected from eight states in Colombia and characterized based on the 5′ end of the translation elongation factor-1α (EF1-α1) gene and RNA polymerase II gene encoding the second largest protein subunit (RPB2) by using mixed primers. Seven species of soil-dwelling Trichoderma were found: T. atroviride, T. koningiopsis, T. asperellum, T. spirale, T. harzianum, T. brevicompactum and T. longibrachiatum. Species identifications based on the EF1-α1 gene were consistent with those obtained from the RPB2 gene. Phylogenetic analyses with high bootstrap values supported the validity of the identification of all isolates. These results suggest that using the combination of the genes EF1-α1 and RPB2 is highly reliable for molecular characterization of Trichoderma species. Trichoderma asperellum Th034, T. atroviride Th002 and T. harzianum Th203 prevented germination of more than 70 % of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in bioassay tests and are promising biological control agents. No relationship between mycelium growth rate and parasitism level was found. 相似文献
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中美小麦矮腥黑穗病菌鉴定合作研究 Ⅱ.比较形态学研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对美国135个小麦矮腥黑穗病菌(Tilletia controversa Kuehn,以下简称TCK)及小麦网腥黑穗病菌(T.caries Tul.以下简称TCT)进行的比较形态学研究表明,网脊高度最具有鉴别意义。在中美双方所测的近万个数据中,TCK与TCT菌株的平均网脊高度值很少交叉,两个种在网脊高度上的区别具有种间的规律性和鉴别性。经人工污染样品及市场样品对各种模型的检测证明,根据逻辑方程推导出的临界网脊值可用于市场样品检验中对TCK的判别和鉴定,从而为准确、快速地鉴定进口粮中少量的或混合的TCK、TCT冬孢子提供了新途径。 相似文献
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Qing Yuan Siji Nian Youping Yin Minhui Li Jun Cai Zhongkang Wang 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2009,124(4):585-594
Wheat dwarf bunt, one of the important international quarantine diseases, is caused by Tilletia controversa. Tilletia caries is a close relative species of T. controversa and the teliospore morphology and genomic structure of T. caries are very similar to those of T. controversa. In order to distinguish between them, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primer-mediated asymmetric-PCR (RM-PCR)
was developed to screen differential sequences between the two pathogens. By RM-PCR, a 1,322 bp DNA fragment (PR32) was selected
from 18 T. controversa and 29 T. caries strains. The PR32 genes were specific for T. controversa and almost had no homology to T. caries or other fungi in the present database. With primers designed from PR32, all 18 T. controversa strains were amplified, but no bands appeared in 29 T. caries strains by classical PCR. To identify T. controversa rapidly and accurately, SYBR Green I and TaqMan probe real-time PCR were established based on PR32. With TaqMan Real-Time
PCR, different T. controversa strains and T. caries strains were detected. The results showed that all T. controversa strains were amplified with Ct from 19–29 and amplified curves were obtained. In contrast, the amplification of all T. caries strains did not show any signals, without Ct and amplified curves. Moreover, the developed TaqMan real-time PCR was used
to detect T. controversa from asymptomatic wheat tissues successfully. 相似文献
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Frederick RD Snyder KE Tooley PW Berthier-Schaad Y Peterson GL Bonde MR Schaad NW Knorr DA 《Phytopathology》2000,90(9):951-960
ABSTRACT Karnal bunt of wheat, caused by Tilletia indica, was found in regions of the southwestern United States in 1996. Yield losses due to Karnal bunt are slight, and the greatest threat of Karnal bunt to the U.S. wheat industry is the loss of its export market. Many countries either prohibit or restrict wheat imports from countries with Karnal bunt. In 1997, teliospores morphologically resembling T. indica were isolated from bunted ryegrass seeds and wheat seed washes. Previously developed PCR assays failed to differentiate T. indica from the recently discovered ryegrass pathogen, T. walkeri. The nucleotide sequence of a 2.3 kb region of mitochondrial DNA, previously amplified by PCR only from T. indica, was determined for three isolates of T. indica and three isolates of T. walkeri. There was greater than 99% identity within either the T. indica group or the T. walkeri group of isolates, whereas there was =3% divergence between isolates of these two Tilletia species. Five sets of PCR primers were made specific to T. indica, and three sets were designed specifically for T. walkeri based upon nucleotide differences within the mitochondrial DNA region. In addition, a 212 bp amplicon was developed as a target sequence in a fluorogenic 5' nuclease PCR assay using the TaqMan system for the detection and discrimination of T. indica and T. walkeri. 相似文献