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1.
甘蓝型油菜SRAP、SSR、AFLP和TRAP标记遗传图谱构建   总被引：27，自引：0，他引：27  
以黄籽GH06为母本、黑籽P174为父本杂交得到的第6代重组自交系188个株系为作图群体,通过SRAP、SSR、AFLP和TRAP四种分子标记对该群体进行遗传连锁分析,构建了一张包含20个连锁群、300个标记位点的甘蓝型油菜分子遗传图谱(LOD≥3.0),包括202个SRAP标记、65个SSR标记、23个AFLP标记和10个TRAP标记。图谱总长度1273.7cM,标记间平均距离为4.25cM。连锁群上的标记数在4～56个之间,连锁群长度变动在37.1～109.2cM之间,群内平均图距在1.80～14.20cM之间。LG1包含的标记最多,有56个;标记最少的连锁群(LG9、LG18、LG20)只有4个。LG13的平均图距最大,为14.20cM;LG6的平均图距最小,仅为1.80cM。在整个图谱上,存在图距大于20cM的空隙6个。本研究首次将SRAP及TRAP标记用于甘蓝型油菜遗传图谱的构建,结果表明,SRAP及TRAP标记在甘蓝型油菜遗传图谱的构建上是一种良好的标记系统。  相似文献   

2.
大白菜分子连锁图谱的构建与分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  
构建大白菜分子连锁图谱,旨在为紫色等性状的QTL定位奠定基础.以紫菜薹(B.compestris L.var.purpurea Bailey)和结球白菜(B.campestris L.ssp.Pekinensis(Lour.)Olsson)杂交的F2群体为试材,基于231个多态性标记,利用JoinMap 3.0软件,得到包含163个标记、11个连锁群和4个片段的大白菜分子连锁图谱,其中包括117个RSAP标记、38个SRAP标记、5个SSR标记和3个RAPD标记.图谱覆盖基因组长度为821.3 cM,标记间平均图距为5.04 cM.连锁群上23.31%的标记表现偏分离,偏分离标记在连锁群上聚集出现.基于与紫色性状连锁的RAPD标记,推断LG4与大白菜1号染色体对应.该图谱可有效的用于紫色等性状的QTL定位分析.  相似文献   

3.
为了将已有的大白菜分子遗传图谱和已发表的A基因组参考图谱对应起来,本研究利用国际上发表的大白菜和甘蓝型油菜A基因组特异SSR标记作为锚定标记,重新构建了白菜×芜菁分子遗传图谱。利用双亲和F1对326个SSR标记进行了筛选,共获得86个多态性分子标记。在此基础上整合了已有的400个标记,最终构建了一张由10个连锁群组成,包含了347个标记的分子连锁图谱,图谱总长度为1008.7cM,标记间的平均图距为2.91cM。此图谱上包含了已在A基因组参考图谱上定位的56个SSR标记,分布于10个连锁群上,从而将各个连锁群与参考图谱的连锁群对应起来。每个连锁群上的标记数在25～58个之间,连锁群长度在60.6～177.0cM范围内,平均图距在1.33～4.92cM之间。该图谱为白菜重要性状的遗传定位奠定了良好基础。  相似文献   

4.
SSR作为锚定标记构建白菜×芜菁分子遗传图谱   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
为了将已有的大白菜分子遗传图谱和已发表的A基因组参考图谱对应起来,本研究利用国际上发表的大白菜和甘蓝型油菜A基因组特异SSR标记作为锚定标记,重新构建了白菜×芜菁分子遗传图谱。利用双亲和F1对326个SSR标记进行了筛选,共获得86个多态性分子标记。在此基础上整合了已有的400个标记,最终构建了一张由10个连锁群组成,包含了347个标记的分子连锁图谱,图谱总长度为1008.7cM,标记间的平均图距为2.91cM。此图谱上包含了已在A基因组参考图谱上定位的56个SSR标记,分布于10个连锁群上,从而将各个连锁群与参考图谱的连锁群对应起来。每个连锁群上的标记数在25～58个之间,连锁群长度在60.6～177.0cM范围内,平均图距在1.33～4.92cM之间。该图谱为白菜重要性状的遗传定位奠定了良好基础。  相似文献   

5.
大白菜遗传图谱的构建及与染色体关联分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  
为构建大白菜遗传图谱,并与国际上公认的白菜参照图谱相关联。以大白菜晚抽薹DH系Y177-12和早抽薹DH系Y195-93为亲本建立的183个DH系为作图群体,利用SRAP、SSR、AFLP、STS、ESTP和CAPS等多种分子标记和形态标记构建大白菜遗传图谱,通过参照图上的锚定标记确定连锁群,并用最新的连锁群命名法进行命名。构建了包含10个连锁群、233个标记位点的分子遗传图谱,其中包括145个SRAP标记、62个SSR标记、12个AFLP标记、6个STS标记、4个ESTP标记、3个形态标记和1个CAPS标记。图谱总长度1 036 cM,标记间的平均图距为4.4cM。通过其中的38个SSR,4个ESTP和2个STS标记将各个连锁群与国际上认可A1-A10的参照连锁群相关联。该图谱的构建将为不同图谱的比较与整合及重要农艺性状的基因定位奠定基础。  相似文献   

6.
以Peking×7605组合分别在济南和南京衍生大豆重组自交系群体JN(RN)P7和NJ(RN)P7,利用145个在亲本之间表现多态的SSR引物和1个形态学标记BSC (黑色种皮性状)及JoinMap 4.0软件构建了2张分别含27个和25个连锁群的大豆遗传图谱,其总长度分别为1 574.80 cM和1 682.50 cM,标记间平均距离分别是13.58 cM和15.72 cM,连锁群长度范围分别为17.30~127.40 cM和20.10~137.50 cM。所构建的两张图谱均与“公共图谱”对应性较好。两图谱间整体上较为一致,但也存在诸多不同点。表明原本具有相同遗传背景的杂交后代,在不同生态环境选择压力下形成的重组自交系群体间遗传结构存在真实差异。  相似文献   

7.
花生栽培种SSR遗传图谱的构建   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：10  
花生栽培种品种间分子多态性相对缺乏, 至今未构建出较完整的分子遗传图谱。本研究以粤油13和阜95-5为亲本, 通过杂交构建包含184个F6重组自交系的遗传作图群体。采用652对genomic-SSR引物和392对EST-SSR引物对亲本进行多态性检测, 从中筛选出121对多态性引物, 在亲本中共检测到123个多态性位点。利用作图群体对多态性SSR位点进行遗传连锁分析, 获得包含108个SSR标记(102个genomic-SSR标记和6个EST-SSR标记), 涉及20个连锁群, 总长568 cM, 平均图距为6.45 cM的花生栽培种遗传图谱。与前人构建的花生野生种(A. duranensis × A. stenosperma, AA genome)SSR遗传图谱比较, 初步确定本研究构建的遗传图谱中有11个连锁群与野生种遗传图谱的6个连锁群存在同源关系。  相似文献   

8.
一张含有315个SSR和40个AFLP标记的大豆分子遗传图的整合   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
本研究是基于“锚定SSR标记”作图策略,利用2个F2群体,选用592对SSR引物,对宛煜嵩等利用重组自交系群体Jinf构建的含有227个SSR标记的图谱的基础上进行整合。整合后的大豆分子遗传图包含315个SSR标记和40个AFLP标记,总图距为1951.7cM,相邻标记间的平均图距为5.48cM。整合后的遗传连锁图归属20个连锁群对应于大豆20条染色体,连锁群长度范围从40.8cM到184.4cM,标记数范围从11到41个。整合后的图谱新增加了87个SSR标记,其中A2、C1、C2、D1b和G连锁群有较多的标记增加。整合后的大豆分子遗传图谱中的标记顺序比原图谱与“公共图谱”有更好的线性符合度。本文还进一步对两种类型的作图群体的配合和不同作图软件的选用等问题进行了比较和深入的讨论。  相似文献   

9.
不同环境条件下西瓜果实可溶性固形物含量的QTL分析   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  
利用西瓜栽培品种97103和野生品种PI296341-FR为亲本构建了由117个稳定株系组成的F2S8代重组自交系永久群体。利用RAPD、SSR、AFLP和SCAR等203个标记,构建了该RIL群体的高密度分子遗传连锁图谱,覆盖基因组总长度1383.8cM,平均图距6.8cM。在新疆和北京2个地点的3个年份对果实可溶性固形物含量进行QTL比较分析。累计检测到18个QTL,分布在第1、2、3、5、14、15和19连锁群上。其中3种环境中能重复检出的QTL2个,贡献率为14.2%￣22.9%。两种环境中能重复检出的QTL6个,其贡献率为12.4%￣20.3%。仅能在单一环境下检测到的QTL10个,其贡献率为14.4%￣22.6%。根据不同环境条件下的QTL比较分析结果,认为第1连锁群上的qSSC-1a和qSSC-1b可能是控制可溶性固形物含量性状表达的主效QTL位点,这2个QTL位点的峰值分别落在标记N02_800a和Z03_250a上,这对西瓜可溶性固形物含量的标记辅助选择是非常有利的。  相似文献   

10.
利用抗、染根肿病F_2群体构建大白菜AFLP遗传连锁图谱   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  
以易感染根肿病的大白菜(Brassica campestris ssp.pekinensis)自交系94SK和抗根肿病的CR Shinki DH系为亲本,通过杂交获得F1,并选择一株F1植株进行自交,构建了F2作图群体.利用扩增出与根肿病抗性基因CRb连锁标记的17对AFLP引物组合Pst+GNN/Mse+CNN构建大白菜遗传连锁图谱.这些AFLP引物组合共扩增出322个亲本间表现出多态性的AFLP标记.应用其中6个与CRb基因紧密连锁的AFLP标记转化成的SCAR标记和清晰可见的大于100 bp的211个AFLP标记构建了一张包含179个标记位点、10个连锁群、覆盖长度为576 cM,平均图距3.3 cM的遗传图谱.抗根肿病基因CRb定位在第一条连锁群9 cM的范围内.研究表明,利用Pst/Mse Ⅰ和EcoR Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ引物组合以及其他分子标记类型构建遗传连锁图谱,并有效减少遗传图谱中聚集和间隙现象的产生提供了一定的科学依据.同时,该图谱的构建对在基因组范围内通过分子标记辅助选择选育大白菜根肿病抗性品种奠定了基础.  相似文献   

11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans.  相似文献   

12.
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed.  相似文献   

13.
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol...  相似文献   

14.
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality.  相似文献   

15.
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination...  相似文献   

16.
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses.  相似文献   

17.
T. Visser  E. H. Oost 《Euphytica》1981,30(1):65-70
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed.  相似文献   

18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho...  相似文献   

19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf 1) and recessive for the other (Rf 2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph 3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf 1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf 1and Rf 2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf 1, and 0.15 for Lf 1-Sph 3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph 3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf 1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph 3. Poor performance of lf 1- (and possibly lf 2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off).  相似文献   

20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques.  相似文献   

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