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应用血凝抑制试验(HI),对采自健康的鹰、鸽子、野鸭和鹌鹑中的54份血清血清学检测,分析结果显示,在总共采集的54份血清样品中,抗新城疫病毒(NDV)抗体流行血清型(seroprevalence)与抗H6亚型禽流感病毒(H6)抗体、抗H9亚型禽流感病毒(H9)、抗H5亚型禽流感病毒(H5)抗体阳性率分别为64.8%、75.9%、29.6%。而根据血凝抑制试验检测结果发现,H5亚型禽流感病毒抗体滴度较低,最高仅为320,其阳性率为29.6%,推断其可能为新近传入的病毒或新近重组变异出现的新病毒,可能为与该次流感爆发相关的新病毒,这一推断还有待于通过对病毒基因序列的分析而做进一步验证;新城疫病毒在该生态系中的稳定循环,构成了对家禽潜在的威胁,我国目前非典型新城疫的一个主要原因是带毒鸟类的传入。 相似文献
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《畜禽业》2019,(3):8-9
高致病性禽流感是严重危害养禽业的重要传染病之一,属于国家强制免疫病种。为了解四川省2018年高致病性禽流感疫苗的免疫效果,分别在春秋两次集中免疫后,从四川省21个市(州)共采集禽血清样品3 667份,采用血凝抑制试验(HI)分别进行H5和H7亚型禽流感抗体水平检测。结果显示:禽流感H5亚型免疫抗体合格3 553份,平均合格率为96.89%,其中,春季合格率为96.52%(1 777/1 841),秋季合格率为97.26%(1 776/1 826)。禽流感H7亚型免疫抗体合格3 515份,平均合格率为95.85%,其中,春季合格率为95.44%(1 757/1 841),秋季合格率为96.28%(1 758/1 826)。表明四川省2018年高致病性禽流感疫苗免疫取得明显效果。 相似文献
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爆发高致病禽流感疫区的自主活动鸟类 禽流感及新城疫的血清学调查与分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
应用血凝抑制试验（HI），时采自健康的鹰、鸽子、野鸭和鹌鹑中的54份血清血清学检测，分析结果显示。在总共采集的54份血清样品中，抗新城疫病毒（NDV）抗体流行血清型（seroprevalence）与抗H6亚型禽流感病毒（H6）抗体、抗H9亚型禽流感病毒（H9）、抗H5亚型禽流感病毒（H5）抗体阳性率分别为64．8％、75．9％、29．6％。而根据血凝抑制试验检测结果发现。H5亚型禽流感病毒抗体滴度较低，最高位为320，其阳性率为29．6％，推断其可能为新近传入的病毒或新近重组变异出现的新病毒，可能为与该次流感爆发相关的新病毒，这一推断还有待于通过对病毒基因序列的分析而做进一步验证；新城疫病毒在该生态系中的稳定循环．构成了对家禽潜在的威胁，我国目前非典型新城疫的一个主要原因是带毒鸟类的传入。 相似文献
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在非疫区用H5亚型禽流感疫苗对20日龄以上鸡、鸭进行免疫试验,并对其结果进行比较和分析,得出不同日龄的鸡鸭免疫接种H5亚型禽流感疫苗20 d后其HI抗体效价不同,不同种类的家禽的免疫效果也不相同。75日龄肉鸡所产生的HI抗体效价最高,达6.4 log2。而75日龄肉鸭的HI抗体只有2.5 log2。 相似文献
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禽流感的诊断技术研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
禽流感可感染人类,公共卫生意义重大。由于其病毒(AIV)亚型众多,抗原性变异极快,毒株的致病性也相差很大,早期快速诊断和血清学监测就成了预防和控制禽流感的前提条件。禽流感的传统诊断方法是分离病毒和检测抗体,近年来,AIRC相继建立了血凝抑制试验(HI)、琼脂扩散试验(AGP)、神经氨酸酶抑制试验(NI)、间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)、玻片血凝抑制试验等血清学诊断技术及分子诊断技术(RT-PCR)。目前,我国专家研制成功了“禽流感H5,H7,H9亚型多重实进荧光RT-PCR检测试剂盒”,可在4h之内同时检测3个AI亚型,满足了对AI疑似病例的快速确诊需要。 相似文献
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在非疫区用H5亚型禽流感疫苗对20日龄以上鸡、鸭进行免疲试验，并对其结果进行比较和分析，得出不同日龄的鸡鸭免疫接种H5亚型禽流感疫苗20d后其HI抗体效价不同．不同种类的家禽的免疫效果也不相同。75日龄肉鸡所产生的HI抗体效价最高，达6．4log2。而75日龄肉鸭的HI抗体只有2．5log2。 相似文献
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H5亚型禽流感(AI)油乳剂灭活疫苗接种成年鸭和幼鸭后,用ELISA法检测抗体消长规律,结果表明,AIVH5亚型灭活油乳剂疫苗两次接种可以有效地预防成年鸭,而一剂H5亚型AIV灭活油乳剂疫苗接种幼鸭后的免疫应答反应不好。 相似文献
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用福尔马林灭活哈维氏弧菌、鳗弧菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌、大菱鲆弧菌和溶藻胶弧菌制备成五联灭活疫苗,添加黄芪多糖作为佐剂。分别用添加黄芪多糖佐剂组和无佐剂组对大菱鲆进行腹腔注射,在第7、14、21、28、35、42、56天采取血样并检测抗体效价、溶菌酶活力和SOD活力,第56天进行人工攻毒实验,测定免疫保护力。结果表明,黄芪多糖佐剂组(免疫组2)和无佐剂组(免疫组1)两组的溶菌酶活力和SOD活力都在第28天达到最高值,且黄芪多糖佐剂组显著高于无佐剂组(P<0.05)。两个免疫组抗体效价也都在第28天达到最大值,但黄芪多糖佐剂组要显著高于无佐剂组(P<0.05),其中免疫组2的哈维氏弧菌、鳗弧菌、迟钝爱德华氏菌、大菱鲆弧菌和溶藻胶弧菌的抗体效价分别为27.25、26.75、28.5、28.75、26.25,免疫组1分别为26、25.75、26.75、27.5、25。用上述5种细菌分别进行人工攻毒实验,结果表明,免疫组2的免疫保护力依次为50.0%、50.0%、71.4%、62.5%、44.4%;免疫组1的免疫保护力依次为37.5%、30.0%、42.9%、50.0%、33.3%。实验结果证明,五联疫苗对大菱鲆具有免疫作用,而且添加黄芪多糖佐剂组的免疫效果显著好于无佐剂组。 相似文献
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利用卵黄监测鳖群中病原菌感染 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
用从病鳖体内分离的四种病原菌制备诊断抗原, 采用微量凝集试验检测104 份卵黄样品中抗菌卵黄抗体。结果共检出86 份阳性样品, 其中以气单胞菌卵黄抗体阳性样品最多, 阳性检出率为50-96 % 且抗体水平较高, 可达1∶32 。变形杆菌卵黄抗体和不动杆菌卵黄抗体的阳性检出率分别为22-12 % 和9-62 % 。表明鳖场鳖群中有气单胞菌、变形杆菌和不动杆菌感染, 但以气单胞菌感染的范围及强度最高。 相似文献
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Masahiko Awaji Toshie Matsumoto Keisuke Yamano Makiko Kitamura Akihiko Hara 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(2):191-197
Ovarian follicle cells are the site of yolk protein synthesis in the Ezo abalone Haliotis discus hannai. In this study, histological observations of ovarian follicle cells were conducted in H. discus hannai by immunocytochemical and in situ hybridization methods focusing on their function of yolk protein synthesis. An antibody
raised against purified yolk protein (vitellin, Vn) recognized yolk granules in oocytes, and ovarian follicle cells adjacent
to the oocytes under yolk accumulation were stained positively with both anti-Vn antibody and an antisense probe for vitellogenin
(the precursor for vitellin, Vtg) mRNA. These results indicate that the abalone Vtg gene is transcribed and translated in
the ovarian follicle cells. In oocytes in the early phase of yolk accumulation, positive reactions with the antibody appeared
first in the stalk part, and the follicle cells adjacent to the stalk were also stained positively. These observations imply
local transport of yolk protein from the follicle cells to the oocyte through an extracellular space around the oocyte stalk.
Ovarian follicle cells changed their morphological characteristics and reactivity to the antibody in close relation to the
stages of the adjacent oocyte, which suggests the presence of functional interactions between follicle cells and oocytes in
the course of yolk protein synthesis and accumulation. 相似文献
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Rates of Yolk Utilization and Effects of Delayed Initial Feeding in the Larvae of the Freshwater Fishes Rohu and Singhi 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The yolk utilization rates and effects of delayed initial feeding were examined on the feeding ability, survival and growth of the larvae of two freshwater species, rohu, Labeo rohita and singhi, Heteropneustes fossilis reared in the laboratory at 26 (2) °C. Although the yolk reserves in both species lasted at least 7 days after hatching, all larvae initiated feeding by the fifth day, indicating a short period of mixed (endogenous and exogenous) feeding. When first feeding was delayed beyond the fifth day, subsequent weight gains and survival rates declined progressively for both rohu and singhi, although their feeding abilities were not adversely affected until the seventh (singhi) and eleventh (rohu) day. The point of no return (PNR) (when 50% of the unfed larvae were unable to feed when offered food) was reached in singhi when they were 8 days old and in rohu when they were 14 days old. Even among the larvae that fed at PNR, their subsequent mortality rate was nearly 100%, reflecting the irreversible effects of starvation. This study showed that rohu were more resistant to starvation than singhi. 相似文献
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P. Williot 《Aquaculture International》1998,6(6):403-410
Within a cohort of farmed Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baeri), some females produce eggs which show a blackish pigmentation of the ooplasm. An experiment was carried out to test whether this characteristic might influence the reproductive success and larval survival as compared to females having usual non-pigmental yolk. There were no differences in either the progress of germinal vesicle migration or the 50% in vitro maturation time course before hormonal injection. The latency, relative quantity of eggs, fertilization rate and embryonic survival were similar. The pigmentation of yolk significantly depressed the second part of embryogenesis. Neither the number of hatchlings, normal or abnormal, survival after weaning and the mean weight of 14 days post-hatch larvae were different. For the first time, rates of hatching for normal (70%), abnormal (11%) and non-hatched (7%) larvae, referred to the embryo survival at final stages, are reported with normal appearance eggs. © Rapid Science Ltd. 1998 相似文献
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试验结果表明：（１）２日龄真鲷,牙鲆仔鱼初次摄食,在６￣７日龄和５￣６日龄,不能建立外源性营养的仔鱼分别进入ＰＮＲ期,而卵黄囊均在此前１￣２天已耗尽。混合营养期分别为３￣４天和１￣２天。（２）真鲷和牙鲆仔鱼在不同饥饰饿阶段初次摄食率的变化式型是：开始较低,此后逐步上升,高峰期出现在卵黄囊接近耗尽时,此后开始下降。记录到的最高初次摄食率分别为８６．７％和３５％。（３）牙鲆仔鱼体长的增长率随延迟投饵天 相似文献
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为研究三联特异性卵黄抗体对哈维氏弧菌、溶藻弧菌与副溶血弧菌的体外抑菌效果,通过制备哈维氏弧菌、溶藻弧菌与副溶血弧菌三联灭活疫苗,免疫蛋鸡。收集鸡蛋制备卵黄抗体并检测其效价、纯度和特异性。通过免疫荧光、扫描电镜和体外抑菌实验初步探究其制备的三联特异性卵黄抗体对三种弧菌的体外抑菌效果。结果显示,ELISA检测特异性卵黄抗体效价高达1:51200,并维持5周;SDS-PAGE对分离纯化的卵黄抗体分析显示,随着纯化步骤的进行,卵黄抗体中的蛋白杂带逐渐减少,纯度变高。免疫荧光和免疫印迹实验表明,特异性卵黄抗体与抗原的结合具有较高的特异性。扫描电镜进一步观察发现,相比非特异性卵黄抗体,特异性卵黄抗体处理过的弧菌,菌体互相黏附在一起,菌体细胞表面粗糙,细胞壁破损。在体外抑菌实验中,特异性卵黄抗体对弧菌具有明显的抑制效果,且抑制作用呈现剂量依赖性。综上所述,本研究制备的三联特异性卵黄抗体能够与哈维氏弧菌、溶藻弧菌和副溶血弧菌发生特异性结合,通过体外实验发现,卵黄抗体通过凝集和黏附,破坏菌体细胞的完整性,从而发挥抑菌作用。 相似文献
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John Feenstra Richard McGarvey Adrian Linnane André E. Punt Nigel Bean 《Fisheries Oceanography》2014,23(4):362-374
The extent to which catchability of southern rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) due to short‐term environmental factors, rather than abundance, may be affecting legal‐size catch rates from the South Australian Southern Zone rock lobster fishery was examined. Multivariate weighted linear regression was applied to daily aggregated commercial catch rates using several environmental covariates in addition to year and month. Model pruning via backward selection identified the following variables as being significantly related to catch rate: wave height and period, lagged wave height, bottom temperature, moon phase, and a spatial block index. These variables explained 7% of the total variance in log‐transformed daily catch rates and another 84% was explained by month and year. A negative relationship was found between catch rate and each of bottom temperature and same‐day wave height, while the relationships between catch rate and days prior to full moon, and average wave height over the past 3 days were positive. 相似文献