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1.
Variation in Capsicum annuum revealed by RAPD and AFLP markers 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
Genetic relationships were examined among thirty-four pepper (Capsicum annuum) cultivars of different types. Two types of
PCR-based markers were used, RAPD and AFLP, and their relative effectiveness was compared. A dendrogram based on RAPD markers
separated the large-fruited sweet cultivars from the small-fruited pungent peppers, and the former group showed less divergence
than the latter. The percentage of polymorphic markers was lower for AFLP than for RAPD markers (13 and 22% respectively).
However, AFLP primers amplified on average six times more products than RAPD markers. The average numbers of polymorphic products
per primer were 1.6 and 6.5 for RAPD and AFLP primers, respectively, i.e., AFLP primers were four times more efficient than
RAPD primers in their ability to detect polymorphism in pepper. While four blocky type cultivars were indistinguishable by
RAPD, two AFLP primer pairs were sufficient to distinguish the four cultivars from each other.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
2.
用RAPD、ISSR和AFLP标记分析系谱关系明确的甘薯品种的亲缘关系 总被引：24，自引：1，他引：24
用RAPD、ISSR和AFLP标记对系谱关系明确的7个甘薯品种进行了亲缘关系分析。24个RAPD引物、14个ISSR引物和9对AFLP引物分别扩增出173、174和168条多态性带。3种分子标记在检测甘薯品种间遗传差异上相关程度高，其中RAPD与ISSR之间的相关系数最大为0.9328。用ISSR标记估计的品种间遗传距离为0.1286~1.0932，平均0.4883，大于其余2个标记的估计值。3种分子标记皆可揭示甘薯品种的亲缘关系，其中ISSR标记产生的聚类图与系谱图最吻合，认为ISSR标记更适于分析甘薯品种的亲缘关系。 相似文献
3.
In this study, two microsatellite-based methodologies (SSR and ISSR) were evaluated for potential use in fingerprinting and
determination of the similarity degree between 41 commercial cultivars of apple previously characterised using RAPD and AFLP
markers. A total of 13 SSR primer sets was used and 84 polymorphic alleles were amplified. Seven ISSR primers yielded a total
of 252 bands, of which 176 (89.1%) were polymorphic. Except for cultivars obtained from somatic mutations, all cultivars were
easily distinguishable employing both methods. The similarity coefficient between cultivars ranged from 0.20 to 0.87 for SSR
analysis and from 0.71 to 0.92 using the ISSR methodology. Dendrograms constructed using UPGMA cluster analysis revealed a
phenetic classification that emphasises the existence of a narrow genetic base among the cultivars used, with the Portuguese
cultivars revealing higher diversity. This study indicates that the results obtained based on the RAPD, AFLP, SSR and ISSR
techniques are significantly correlated. The marker index, based on the effective multiplex ratio and expected heterozygosity,
was calculated for both analyses (MI = 1.7 for SSR and MI = 8.4 for ISSR assays) and the results obtained were directly compared
with previous RAPD and AFLP data from the same material. The SSR and ISSR markers were found to be useful for cultivar identification
and assessment of phenetic relationships, revealing advantages, due to higher reproducibility, over other commonly employed
PCR-based methods, namely RAPD and AFLP.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
4.
Twenty two RAPD and 22 ISSR markers were evaluated for their potential use in determination of genetic relationships in chickpea
(Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars and breeding lines. We were able to identify six chickpea cultivars/breeding lines by cultivar-specific markers.
All of the cultivars tested displayed a different phenotype generated either by the RAPD or ISSR primers. Though ISSR primers
generated less markers than RAPD primers, the ISSR primers produced higher levels of polymorphism (% of polymorphic markers
per primer) than RAPD primers. A high level of within cultivar homogeneity was observed in chickpea. Cultivars/breeding lines
originating from a common genetic background showed closer genetic relationship. Chickpea lines with similar seed type(kabuli
or desi) had a tendency to cluster together.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Chemda Degani Lisa J. Rowland James A. Saunders Stan C. Hokanson Elizabeth L. Ogden Avi Golan-Goldhirsh Gene J. Galletta 《Euphytica》2001,117(1):1-12
Nineteen of the major strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars grown in the UnitedStates and Canada were examined for AFLP markerpolymorphisms. For the AFLP reactions, the EcoRI-ACC primer was used in combination with fourMseI primers (MseI-CAC, MseI-CAG,MseI-CAT, or MseI-CTT). Each set ofprimers produced 46–66 scorable fragments ranging insize between 50 and 500 bp. The polymorphic fragmentsproduced from each set of primers were more thansufficient to distinguish among all the cultivars,demonstrating the usefulness of AFLP markers forcultivar identification. Similarity coefficients werecalculated based on data from 228 AFLP markers anddata from 15 previously characterized RAPD markers. The RAPD markers had been specifically selected forfingerprinting purposes because they succesfullydistinguish 41 strawberry cultivars, including the 19cultivars analyzed in this study. Separatedendrograms were constructed based on analysis of theAFLP and RAPD marker data using a neighbor-joiningalgorithm. The dendrograms were compared and found tobe very different. Correlations between similaritycoefficients calculated from AFLP marker data,similarity coefficients calculated from RAPD markerdata, and coefficients of coancestry calculated frompedigree information were evaluated. Interestingly,a better correlation with the coefficients ofcoancestry was observed with the RAPD marker data thanwith the AFLP marker data. 相似文献
6.
One‐hundred and twenty‐four amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and 49 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers have been used to distinguish between 20 and 23 commercial chicory cultivars, respectively. These were all Cichorium intybus var. foliosum F1 hybrids, currently used in hydroponic forcing. Five‐hundred and twenty RAPD primers (OPERON) were tested, of which 156 resulted in reproducible patterns and 26 yielded polymorphisms. Two‐hundred and fifty‐six AFLP primer‐combinations were tested and six combinations were selected for identification purposes. Similarity indices were measured and clustering has been done using pairwise comparison. Both types of marker provide similar conclusions. Two major clusters are formed, representing late and early cultivars. All cultivars were identified using 10 informative RAPD primers or three AFLP primer combinations. A low degree of polymorphism was detected between some early cultivars, suggesting a narrow genetic base in their breeding strategy. 相似文献
7.
一串红品种（系）遗传多样性RADP分析 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
tianyelin@sina.com 《中国农学通报》2006,22(5):76-76
(农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室/北京农学院园林系,北京102206) 相似文献
8.
RAPD和AFLP标记分析中国马铃薯主要品种的遗传多样性 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
采用RAPD 和AFLP两种方法分析71份中国各地马铃薯主要品种,均可将其完全区分,并可对其进行分子鉴定;证明中国马铃薯主要品种遗传组成上差异小,遗传多样性差。由于标记方法的原理差异和栽培马铃薯遗传组成复杂性,用2种方法分类的结果有所差异。AFLP标记检测获得的Shannon-weaver指数和Simpson指数均高于RAPD标记检测的结果,AFLP标记检测多态性的能力远高于RAPD标记。AFLP标记平均每个引物组合检测到100.1个位点,其中54.9条为多态性位点,而RAPD标记的相应数据分别为12.5和9.8个。不同的标记方法在马铃薯遗传多样性研究中存在差异,聚类结果从分子水平反映了中国现有主要马铃薯品种遗传基础的狭窄。 相似文献
9.
Genetic diversity and relationships among pea cultivars revealed by RAPDs and AFLPs 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
In order to obtain an overview of the genetic diversity present within the set of pea cultivars released in Germany, 21 cultivars were analysed at the DNA level by random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs), as well as for agronomic traits. Yield of grain cultivars ranged from 2.95 to 3.87 t/ha. Based on the screening of 60 RAPD primers and 32 Eco RI + 3/Mse I+3 AFLP primer combinations, 20 RAPD primers and 11 Eco RI + 3/MseI+ 3 primer combinations generating polymorphic and distinct fragments were chosen for estimation of genetic diversity. Twenty RAPD primers amplified a total of 314 scorable bands ranging from about 262 bp to 1996 bp. Of these, 175 fragments (55.7%) were polymorphic. Based on these data, genetic similarity (GS) was estimated between 0.80 (‘Lisa’ vs.‘Grapis’) and 0.94 (‘Bohatyr’ vs. ‘Sponsor’; mean GS = 0.88). Eleven AFLP primer combinations led to the amplification of 949 scorable fragments ranging from 43 to 805 bp and of these, 462 (48.7%) were polymorphic. Genetic similarity based on AFLPs was calculated between 0.85 (‘Lisa’ vs.‘Laser’) and 0.94 (‘Bohatyr’ vs. ‘Sponsor’, mean GS = 0.90). Correlation of genetic similarity estimated on RAPDs and AFLPs was estimated at r = 0.79** using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and at r = 0.84 by the Mantel test, respectively. UPGMA cluster analysis carried out on these data separately for RAPDs and AFLPs and on the combined data reflected, to some extent, pedigree relationships and cophenetic correlations (r = 0.89 for RAPDs, r = 0.88 for AFLPs, and r = 0.93 RAPDs + AFLPs) indicate a good fit of respective clusters to genetic similarity data. The correlation of cluster analyses to pedigree information and the impact on parental genotype selection is discussed. 相似文献
10.
Genetic Relationships in Malus Evaluated by RAPD 'Fingerprinting' of Cultivars and Wild Species 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The potential use of RAPD markers for taxonomic studies in Malus was investigated using 18 accessions of wild species and 27 apple cultivars. 29 preselected random decamer primers were applied to three sets of Malus genotypes. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) ‘fingerprints’ were analysed for polymorphic amplification fragments, and coefficients estimating genetic similarity were calculated on the basis of about 50 polymorphic RAPD loci in each set of genotypes. Cluster analysis by an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) revealed that, in the cultivars, the molecular classification was in good agreement with the known lineage. A dendrogram generated for the wild species gave relationships that were, in principle, in accordance with the known phylogenetic information. Closely related species from section I were clearly distinguishable from those of sections III and IV. On the molecular level, a high degree of genetic diversity was found among both different apple cultivars and wild species of the genus Malus. The results gave additional evidence for the hypothesis that M. pumila and M. sylvestris were involved in the origin of the cultivated apples. 相似文献
11.
Simplified AFLP procedure as a tool for identification of strawberry cultivars and advanced breeding lines 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
DNA polymorphisms among 6 cultivars of Fragaria × ananassa (Duch.) and 13salinity tolerant clones were evaluated using simplified – PstI based Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism
procedure(PstIAFLP). Out of 129 amplification products obtained with 10 selective primers, 116 markers were polymorphic and could be used
to distinguish all analyzed materials. Coordinate and cluster analyses revealed 2 main groups of clones and divided strawberry
cultivars (CUL) and tested F1 hybrids of ‘Sweet Heart’(HYB). Mean genetic similarities in groups of cultivars and selected breeding lines (SEL) were significantly
higher (0.722 and0.706, respectively, p < 0.05) than in group of SH hybrids (0.485). Results suggest that PstIAFLP method is sufficient for effective identification and useful for assessing the level of genetic diversity in strawberry
cultivars and breeding lines. The presented method can bean alternative multilocus marker system to widespread RAPD method.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
12.
8份剑麻种质亲缘关系的ISSR和RAPD分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了揭示剑麻栽培品种的遗传多样性,利用ISSR和RAPD分子标记技术对8份剑麻种质的亲缘关系进行分析。结果表明,筛选后选用的8条ISSR引物和8条RAPD引物,分别产生了53条和66条扩增条带,其中多态性条带分别为44条和61条,多态性条带百分率分别为83.02%和92.42%。根据2种标记的扩增结果,用UPGMA法对8份剑麻种质进行聚类分析,供试材料之间具有较高的遗传多样性,其品种间遗传相似系数分别为0.59~0.80和0.52~0.76。2个标记的聚类结果基本一致,但有点差异,可将供试的8份剑麻种质划分为2类群,而且2个标记聚类结果呈显著相关性,相关系数为0.70。可见,剑麻种质资源的遗传多样性丰富。 相似文献
13.
Summary Carthamus tinctorius (2n = 2x = 24) (family Asteraceae), commonly known as safflower, is widely cultivated in agricultural production systems of Asia,
Europe, Australia and the Americas as a source of high-quality vegetable and industrial oil. India ranks first in the production
of safflower oil. Fourteen cultivars, widely cultivated in various agro-climatic regions of India, have been fingerprinted
by RAPD, ISSR, and AFLP markers utilizing 36, 21 primers, and 4 primer combinations, respectively. On an individual assay
basis, AFLP has proven to be the best marker system as compared with the other two markers applied as assessed by high discriminating
power (0.98), assay efficiency index (33.2), marker index (18.2), resolving power (40.62), and genotype index (0.856). Thirty-six
RAPD and 21 SSR primers could differentiate a maximum of eight and four cultivars, respectively, whereas, two AFLP primer
combinations could fingerprint all the 14 cultivars. To understand genetic relationships among these cultivars, Jaccard's
similarity coefficient and UPGMA clustering algorithm were applied to the three marker data sets. Mean genetic similarities
ranged from 0.689 (AFLP) to 0.952 (ISSR). Correlation coefficient comparisons between similarity matrices and co-phenetic
matrices obtained with the three markers revealed that AFLP displayed no congruence vis-a-vis RAPD and ISSR data. However,
strong correlation was observed between RAPD and ISSR marker systems. This paper reports the start of molecular biology programme
targeting nuclear genome of safflower, a major world oilseed crop about whose genetics very little is known. 相似文献
14.
15.
Bhawna Saxena Rajinder Kaur Satya Vrat Bhardwaj 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(3):191-196
Genetic relationship and diversity among seven cabbage cultivars were analyzed using RAPD and SSR markers. These cultivars
are of great commercial value in India and are confirmed for their reaction to black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. However, so far the extent of genetic diversity and relatedness has not been studied in these cultivars. A total of 17 selected
RAPD primers generated 90 bands, 76 of which were polymorphic (84.44%). In addition, 27 selected SSR primers generated 67
amplified bands with 59 of which were polymorphic (87.6%). Though both the marker techniques were able to discriminate the
cultivars effectively, analysis of combined data of markers (RAPD and SSR) resulted in better distinction of cultivars. By
combining both the markers, a total of 157 bands were detected of which 135 bands (85.98%) were polymorphic, i.e. an average
of 5.95 bands per primer. High level of polymorphism (> 85%) recorded with two different marker systems indicated a high level
of genetic variation existing among the cultivars. Genetic relationship estimated using similarity co-efficient (Jaccard’s)
values between different pairs of cultivars varied from 0.21 to 0.77 in RAPD, 0.42 to 0.82 in SSR, and 0.43 to 0.89 with combined
markers. A high correspondence had been recorded between the values of genetic variations generated by UPGMA, clustering,
and scatter plot diagrams. The cultivars ‘January King Sel. Improved’ and ‘Golden Acre’ are highly divergent cultivars as
demonstrated by both the marker systems. 相似文献
16.
Jorge Luis Fuentes Fabio Escobar Alba Alvarez Geraldo Gallego Miriam Cristina Duque Mirle Ferrer Juan Enrrique Deus Joe M. Tohme 《Euphytica》1999,109(2):107-115
A survey of the genetic diversity among the major cuban rice cultivars was conducted using isozyme, RAPD and AFLP markers.
Polymorphisms were detected for esterases, peroxidases, alcohol dehydrogenases and polyphenoloxidases systems; 21 RAPD primers
and four AFLP primer combinations. Heterozygosity arithmetic mean value (Hav(p)), the effective multiplex ratio (EMR) and the marker index (MI), were calculated for isozyme, RAPD and AFLP markers. The
mean value of genetic similarity among the different varieties was 0.92 for isozyme, 0.73 for RAPD and 0.58 for AFLP analyses.
Thus, AFLP were able to detect polymorphisms with higher efficiency than RAPD (+15%) and isozyme (+34%). Data from the isozyme,
RAPD and AFLP analyses were used to compute matrices of genetic similarities. The efficiency of the UPGMA for the estimation
of genetic relatedness among varieties was supported by cophenetic correlation coefficients. The resulting values indicated
that the distortion level for the estimated similarities was minimal. The correlation coefficients obtained by the Mantel
matrix correspondence test, which was used to compare the cophenetic matrices for the different markers, showed that estimated
values of genetic relationship given for isozyme and RAPD markers (r = 0.89), as well as for AFLP and RAPD markers (r = 0.82)
were properly related. However, AFLP and isozyme data showed only moderate correlation (r = 0.63). Although the genetic variability
found among the different cultivars was low, both RAPD and AFLP markers proved to be efficient tools in assessing the genetic
diversity of rice genotypes.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to estimate the genetic relationships among 101 soybean cultivars developed in north‐eastern China. Fifty‐three fragments of the 100 RAPD markers and 35 SSR markers tested were polymorphic across the 101 soybean cultivars. Similarity values among these soybean cultivars ranged from 45.2% to 100% for RAPD data, and ranged from 36.1% to 100% for SSR data. The similarity matrices for SSR data and RAPD data were moderately correlated (r = 0.31, P < 0.05). Cluster analyses indicated that the cultivars released from the same seed company were mostly grouped together. A principal component analysis, based on the combined RAPD and SSR data, yielded a good separation of soybean varieties with different maturity ratings [represented by soybean Heat Unit (HU)]. The varieties with HU < 2200 were well separated from those with HU > 2200. Four RAPD markers and eight SSR markers were significantly associated with the maturity ratings of soybean. 相似文献
18.
19.
H. L. Ko D. C. Cowan R. J. Henry G. C. Graham A. B. Blakeney L. G. Lewin 《Euphytica》1994,80(3):179-189
Summary The genetic relationships between rice varieties were analysed by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with arbitrary oligonucleotide primers in the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. PCR with 22 arbitrary primers applied to 37 varieties produced 144 useful markers, of which 67% were polymorphic. Thus, with selected primers sufficient polymorphism could be detected to allow identification of individual varieties. Visual examination of electrophoresis gels and analysis of banding patterns confirmed that commercial Australian and USA lines and their relatives were very closely related, with similarity indices of 88–97%. Three varieties originating from more distant geographical centres were easily distinguished, producing variety-specific amplification profiles and expressing a lower similarity index of 80% to all other varieties tested. PCR offers a potentially simple, rapid and reliable method for rice genotype identification and recognition of lines that could contribute genetic diversity to new commercial varieties.Abbreviations PCR
Polymerase Chain Reaction
- RAPD
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA 相似文献
20.
Karim Sorkheh Behrouz Shiran T. M. Gradziel B. K. Epperson Pedro Martínez-Gómez E. Asadi 《Euphytica》2007,156(3):327-344
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis is a rapid and efficient method for producing DNA fingerprints and
molecular characterization. Our objectives were to: estimate genetic similarities (GS), marker indices, and polymorphic information
contents (PICs) for AFLP markers in almond cultivars; assess the genetic diversity of almond cultivars and wild species, using
GS estimated from AFLP fingerprints and molecular characterization; and facilitate the use of markers in inter-specific introgression
and cultivar improvement. The genetic diversity of 45 almond cultivars from Iran, Europe, and America, were studied assaying
19 primer combinations. In addition, several agronomic traits were evaluated, including flowering and maturity times, self-incompatibility,
and kernel and fruit properties. Out of the 813 polymerase chain reaction fragments that were scored, 781 (96.23%) were polymorphic.
GS ranged from 0.5 to 0.96, marker indices ranged from 51.37 to 78.79, and PICs ranged from 0.56 to 0.86. Results allowed
the unique molecular identification of all assayed genotypes. However, the correlation between genetic similarity clustering
as based on AFLP and clustering for agronomic traits was low. Cluster analysis based on AFLP data clearly differentiated the
genotypes and wild species according to their origin and pedigree, whereas, cluster analysis based on agronomic data differentiated
according the pomological characterization. Our results showed the great genetic diversity of the almond cultivars and their
interest for almond breeding. 相似文献