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1.
SRAP分子标记在铁皮石斛后代品种鉴定中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从分子水平研究铁皮石斛的遗传多样性,探讨不同铁皮石斛品种的亲缘关系的远近。为铁皮石斛品种的鉴定,后代的区分,新品种的鉴定和种质资源的利用与保护提供科学依据。本研究利用SRAP分子标记法对26份取自光明食品集团云南石斛生物科技开发有限公司资源圃的铁皮石斛品种的基因组DNA进行分析。从81对引物中共筛选出15对引物。该15对引物对26份材料共扩增出231条清晰的条带,其中185条具有多态性,占总条带数的80.09%。UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,在相似系数0.78处26份材料被划分为3个类群。研究结果表明SRAP分子检测技术能较好地用于铁皮石斛品种亲缘关系的研究,可用于铁皮石斛后代的区分,品种的鉴定。 相似文献
2.
为了分析龙虎山铁皮石斛资源的品质,对DNA条形码技术鉴定的10种铁皮石斛茎叶的4种营养成分(多糖、甘露糖、生物碱和蛋白质)和2种重金属元素(砷和镉)的含量进行测定,并采用主成分分析对铁皮石斛品质进行综合评价,运用聚类分析对铁皮石斛进行分类.结果 显示:成熟的铁皮石斛中,茎和叶的多糖含量范围分别为35.09％～49.59％和6.88％～14.05％,甘露糖含量范围分别为16.19％～25.12％和11.10％～16.88％,生物碱含量范围分别为0.158‰～0.251％‰和0.022‰～0.053‰,蛋白质含量范围分别为2.72％～4.38％和12.73％～18.38％;铁皮石斛(包括茎和叶)砷和镉含量最高值分别为1.892 mg/kg和0.234 mg/kg;人工种植铁皮石斛的营养成分总体高于野生铁皮石斛,铁皮石斛的叶具有一定的利用价值;野生与人工种植铁皮石斛砷、镉均未超标;铁皮石斛的6种测定成分可以用2种主成分(累积方差贡献率为98.443％)来表示,主成分分析综合得分最高的为米斛.本研究为龙虎山铁皮石斛的利用与开发提供了理论依据. 相似文献
3.
《分子植物育种》2021,19(16):5326-5334
为研究铁皮石斛(Dendrobium catenatum Lindl.)应对盐胁迫的抗性机制,利用PCR技术从铁皮石斛cDNA中克隆丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶基因CIPK24和类钙调素B亚基蛋白基因CBL1,用生物信息学技术对其编码蛋白的进化关系进行了分析;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析它们的表达模式;并构建酵母表达载体,利用酵母双杂交技术研究这两个蛋白的互作关系。结果表明,铁皮石斛CIPK24和CBL1分别与拟南芥CIPK24以及CBL1蛋白的亲缘关系最近;空间表达模式分析发现CIPK24和CBL1基因在花萼、合蕊柱等生殖器官中表达量较高,而在营养器官中表达量较低;盐处理铁皮石斛组培苗后,CIPK24在根中受盐胁迫诱导上调表达,在茎和叶中表达量变化不明显;而CBL1基因在根和叶中受盐胁迫诱导均呈现上调表达,且根中CIPK24和CBL1基因的表达模式相似。酵母双杂交结果表明铁皮石斛CIPK24和CBL1蛋白能够互作。本研究表明,根中CIPK24和CBL1通过互作可能在铁皮石斛响应盐胁迫中起到重要作用,为进一步研究铁皮石斛耐盐性提供理论参考。 相似文献
4.
利用SSR标记研究铁皮石斛的遗传多样性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《分子植物育种》2015,(7)
本研究利用SSR分子标记技术,对36份来自云南、浙江、广东、广西等地的铁皮石斛进行遗传多样性分析。结果表明:共获得249个SSR标记位点,其中有242个标记位点具有多态性,多态位点百分率为97.19%。遗传多样性分析表明中国铁皮石斛品种具有较高的遗传多样性,其有效等位基因数为1.604,平均期望杂合度为(He)0.344,平均Shannon多样性指数为0.508,其中光明石斛2号与瑞丽石斛1号之间的遗传相似系数最大,也只有0.835 3,在遗传相似系数为0.662时,36份铁皮石斛分别被分成了三个类群。本研究利用大量居群来研究铁皮石斛的遗传多样性,进一步探求其亲缘关系,可为种质资源的保护与新品种的选育提供基础。 相似文献
5.
不同仿生态栽培方式对铁皮石斛多糖积累影响 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为充分发挥鄂西南天然林保护工程营林的综合经济效益,探讨利用天保工程混交林开展铁皮石斛仿生态栽培的可行性。采用5种不同仿生态栽培模式种植铁皮石斛,对采收的铁皮石斛用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖质量分数,多糖用盐酸水解得到单糖混合物,通过加入1-苯基-3-甲基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMP)进行柱前衍生,采用HPLC法测定多糖中的单糖组成。研究结果表明：在5种栽培方式中,杉木栽培所产铁皮石斛根、茎含水量最低,其多糖含量最高,达33%;其余4种栽培方式所产铁皮石斛多糖质量分数为18%左右;对多糖中单糖组成分析显示,D-甘露糖和D-葡萄糖是5种栽培模式下铁皮石斛多糖组成中的主要单糖成分,甘露糖与葡萄糖之比为4.5~5.98,符合药典要求。在鄂西南天保工程混交林中,杉木栽培铁皮石斛较其他栽培方式具有更快多糖累积能力,充分利用混交林大树和林下丰富的苔藓资源发展铁皮石斛仿生态栽培在鄂西南具有技术上的可行性。 相似文献
6.
旨在减少药用石斛产业化发展中对野生中药材资源的依赖,筛选适合人工栽培的优良种质,实现中药产业持续发展与生态环境保护相协调。以湖北英山引种收集的13个药用石斛原生种质为试材,采用物候期观测、茎叶形态和花形态等生物学特性观测方法,同时进行生长适应性比较。结果表明：不同药用石斛种质的物候期不同,花期最早在3月底,多数集中在4—5月,最晚可到7—8月。不同种质间茎叶形态和花形态存在显著差异,可分为高大型、普通型和小型3个类型。不同药用石斛种质的花瓣和唇瓣颜色主要在白色到黄绿色之间变化。花瓣质地以革质为主,少数为厚革质、纸质或膜质。‘霍山石斛’、‘铁皮石斛’、‘铜皮石斛’和‘罗河石斛’的生长适应性较好。湖北省英山县地理气候条件优越,适合大多数药用石斛的生长。物候期、茎叶形态和花形态是区分药用石斛种质类别的重要指标。‘霍山石斛’、‘铁皮石斛’、‘铜皮石斛’（江西种源）是可以在湖北省推广发展的优质种质。 相似文献
7.
8.
6-BA在促进铁皮石斛侧芽萌发中的应用 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
本文对6-BA在铁皮石斛的侧芽繁殖中的应用进行了初步研究。结果表明：采用1.0mg/L的6-BA进行叶片表面处理能够明显促进铁皮石斛侧芽的萌发;在铁皮石斛茎段扦插繁殖中,用1.0mg/L的6-BA的对石斛茎段进行预处理后,石斛侧芽的萌发率,得到明显的提高;扦插时将石斛茎段剪成每段含约3个茎节的茎段更有利于石斛侧芽的繁殖;以发酵的木屑为基质时,侧芽的萌发率显著高于其他试验基质。 相似文献
9.
利用SRAP分子标记对搜集的35份资源(24份人工栽培铁皮石斛、9份石斛属植物、石斛伪品石豆兰和石仙桃各1份)的遗传多样性及亲缘关系进行分析。从30对SRAP引物中筛选出10对多态性引物,共获得90条多态性条带,多态性比率98.9%。SRAP标记检测结果显示,来源不同的人工栽培铁皮石斛的遗传多样性非常丰富。UPGMA聚类分析可将上述样品分为8类,其中24份铁皮石斛资源聚为一簇,而与其他石斛和石斛伪品明显分开,1份未知石斛经验证为铁皮石斛和滇桂石斛的杂交种。 相似文献
10.
本研究通过调查附生于自然林中青冈树上1年的铁皮石斛生长状况,研究不同自然生境条件、附生树围、附生高度、种植朝向、郁闭度和母株数对植株生长的影响。结果表明,仿野生铁皮石斛适宜生长条件为通风良好、郁闭度30%~70%、附生高度1.0~2.0 m的位置,以4~6株母株为1丛种植效果较好。反之,地势低洼、通风欠佳的山谷和附生高度0.5~1.0 m内的铁皮石斛生长都较差;在郁闭度大于70%的生境中,植株软腐病发病率较高(约18.97%);母株数大于6株的铁皮石斛分株率低于100%。种植朝向(朝东和朝西)对铁皮石斛生长没有决定性影响。本研究通过探索仿野生铁皮石斛适宜生长条件,为提高铁皮石斛种植效益提供了研究依据。 相似文献
11.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
12.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
13.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
14.
Richard N. Lester 《Euphytica》1989,44(1-2):125-132
Summary An hypothesis is developed that the rapid change from wild plants into domesticated crops principally involves the selection of alleles with non-functional gene products which leads to reduced control of the highly integrated metabolism and morphogenesis previously accumulated by lengthy natural selection. Such disturbance of the genome produces altered physiological and morphological development which, although deleterious in nature, serves mankind better and has been selected. 相似文献
15.
B. Julier P. Guy C. Castillo-Acuna G. Caubel C. Ecalle M. Esquibet V. Furstoss C. Huyghe C. Lavaud A. Porcheron P. Pracros G. Raynal 《Euphytica》1996,91(2):241-250
Summary Twenty-five lucerne populations of the Medicago sativa complex, which were either diploid or tetraploid and wild or cultivated, were analysed for their resistance to four different fungal diseases and to stem nematode. Forage quality, including stem digestibility and saponin content, was also tested.Populations varied in susceptibility to the diseases caused by Colletotrichum trifolii, Verticillium albo-atrum, Sclerotinia trifoliorum and Pseudopezizza medicaginis, and to the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci. Except for Sclerotinia rot, sativa and falcata subspecies differed in susceptibility, but this grouping of populations did not account for the full range of variation among them. However, the resistance to P. medicaginis was much lower in the sativa than in the falcata populations.Populations also varied significantly in stem fiber content and digestibility. Stem digestibility was negatively correlated to forage yield. Wild sativa and falcata populations had lower fiber content and higher digestibility than cultivated sativa populations. The medicagenic acid was the sapogenin responsible for the anti-nutritional effect of the lucerne measured by the yellow mealworm larvae Tenebrio molitor. The medicagenic acid content was lowest for the pure sativa populations, highest for the pure falcata populations, and intermediate for the French sativa varieties that have some traits originating from falcata germplasm. Some populations could be used in breeding programs to improve disease and nematode resistance, and forage quality. 相似文献
16.
In order to explore the pharmacological effects of active components of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on the central nervous system,through consulting related literatures,... 相似文献
17.
[Objectives]The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Pb on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and chemical constituents of Achyranthes bidentat... 相似文献
18.
不同P-Zn配比对小麦幼苗微量元素营养的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用了螯合-缓冲营养液培养方法对小麦进行了苗期培养试验,在3个P水平(0,0.6,3.0 mmol/L)和3个Zn水平(0,3,30 μmol/L)的完全组合下对小麦苗期生长及Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养进行了研究,旨在为小麦微肥施用提供理论依据.结果表明,P、Zn的正常供应促进了小麦生长,二者的缺乏与过量均会抑制小麦发育,且这种影响在冠部表现得更为明显.在小麦苗期,Zn与Cu的吸收存在明显的拮抗作用,但供Zn则促进了Zn和Cu的转运,而Mn转运则受到了抑制;过量供Zn时,大量Zn被转运到冠部,同时明显抑制了(Fe+Cu+Mn)的吸收总量;P的供应显著地抑制了Fe的吸收,但P的供应提高了Zn、Cu、Mn的转运率;P、Zn在对Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn间吸收竞争的影响中,Zn本身的影响要比P的影响更为明显,供Zn明显促进了小麦幼苗对Zn的吸收;在小麦幼苗冠部,Zn与Fe的竞争中,供P利于Zn的吸收,缺P则利于Fe的吸收;而Zn与Cu以及Zn与Mn间的竞争中,缺磷时利于Zn的吸收,供磷后则利于Cu和Mn的吸收.总之,小麦幼苗Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn营养中,P、Zn的不同配比会不同程度地改变Zn与Fe、Cu、Mn的协同或拮抗效应. 相似文献
19.
Summary
Glycine tabacina (Labill.) Benth. is a wild perennial species related to the cultivated soybean, G. max (L.) Merr. It is composed of diploid (2n=40) and tetraploid (2n=80) cytotypes. Currently, to differentiate the cytotypes, plants are grown out in the greenhouse and chromosome counts made on pollen mother cells. It is a laborious and time consuming process. The objective of this study was to determine whether electrophoretic techniques could be utilized to separate the cytotypes. Electrophoretic examination of seven isozyme systems from seed of 67 G. tabacina accessions revealed banding patterns that could be used to differentiate between diploid and tetraploid cytotypes in the species. Among the tetraploid accessions, the number of bands observed were always greater than the diploids. Some tetraploid banding patterns consisted of bands similar to the diploid tabacina and/or additional bands previously identified in other Glycine species. The patterns of isozyme multiplicity and variation in the tetraploid tabacinas suggests more than one mode of origin for the tetraploids. 相似文献
20.
Summary Some photosynthetic characters as-leaf anatomy, leaf photosynthetic rate and CO2 compensation pointdistinguishing C3 and C4 plants and physiological characters as leaf area ratio, nitrogen content, leaf stem ratio and total shoot-to-root and deep root-to-shoot ratios have been studied in rice × sorghum and rice × wheat hybrids. Rice × sorghum 1. has lower values of photosynthetic rate, leaf nitrogen, total root and deep root-to-shoot ratio and CO2 compensation point as of rice parent where as, rice × sorghym 2. is superior in all these characters. Both hybrids lack kranz anatomy. Though both rice × sorghum hybrids show characters of C3 rice plant but rice × sorghum 2. has improved drought tolerance and leaf characters in relation to yield. Rice × wheat hybrid have higher assimilatory area and higher total root-to-shoot ratio. Grains of rice × wheat hybrids are identical to rice grain. However, as grains of rice × wheat hybrid does not contain seed coat, it could be exploited as novel rice germplasm after improvement.Abbreviations T
CO2 compensation point
- T21
CO2 compensation point at 21% O2
- T2
CO2 compensation point at 2% O2
- dR/sR
deep Root-to-shoot Ratio
- LAR
Leaf Area Ratio
- CER
photosynthetic rate
- TR/SR
Total Root-to-Shoot Ratio 相似文献