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1.
分别用犬细小病毒（CPV）核酸疫苗（pVCPV-VP2）、CPV重组活载体疫苗（CAV2／CPV）与CPV弱毒疫苗对犬进行了免疫试验,以检测不同CPV疫苗的免疫原性。采用CPVELISA、CPVHI与CPV微量中和试验检测免疫犬的体液免疫水平,采用淋巴细胞转化试验检测犬的细胞免疫水平。结果,pVCPV—VP2和CAV2／CPV均能诱导机体产生抗CPVELISA抗体与抗CPV中和抗体,但是pVCPV-VP2不能诱导机体产生可检测的抗CPVHI抗体,而CAV2／CPV能够诱导机体产生抗CPVHI抗体。淋巴细胞转化试验结果,pVCPV-VP2和CAV2／CPV免疫犬的外周血淋巴细胞对ConA与CPV的刺激均出现明显的增殖反应。结果表明,pVCPV—VP2和CAV2／CPV免疫犬均能诱导机体产生抗CPV的特异性体液免疫反应和细胞免疫反应,两者所表达的VP2蛋白均具有较好的免疫原性。CAV2／CPV以及pVCPV—VP2和CAV2／CPV联合免疫犬的抗CPV体液免疫水平和细胞免疫水平均比用pVCPV—VP2单独免疫犬的体液免疫水平和细胞免疫水平高。但CAV2／CPV诱导机体产生的抗CPV特异性免疫反应仍然比CPV弱毒疫苗诱导机体产生的抗CPV特异性免疫反应弱。另外,CAV2／CPV还能诱导机体产生抗CAV-2的特异性免疫反应。 相似文献
2.
对MDCK细胞上驯化克隆产毒量高的大斑株 (LP)的第 5 0代毒和 75代毒进行了实验免疫研究 ,结果表明该毒株具有安全性好 ,通过静脉和口鼻接种CAV易感犬 ,无任何致病反应 ;用10 4 .0 TCID50 以上的该毒免疫CAV易感犬 ,即获得 97.5 %以上的免疫保护 ;将其在CAV易感犬连续传 5代 ,其安全性与原毒相同 ,表明该毒株在 5 0～ 75代之间遗传性稳定 ,免疫原性良好 ;与CPV和CDV弱毒联合免疫 ,结果与各弱毒单独免疫所产生的抗体无差异 ,说明该毒株不但可以单独用于免疫 ,也可与其他弱毒联合免疫。是一株较好的疫苗候选株 ,具有开发应用价值。 相似文献
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为测定表达犬瘟热病毒(CDV)H基因的重组犬2型腺病毒(CAV-2/CDVLPH)免疫原性,25只45-50日龄犬(抗CDV中和抗体小于1∶2,CAV-2 HI抗体效价小于1∶2)随机分为5组进行免疫犬试验,第1组为CAV-2/CDVLPH免疫组,第2组为pVAXLPH免疫组,第3组为pVAXLPH和CAV-2/CDVLPH联合免疫组,CDV弱毒疫苗组和pVAX1空载体组分别作为阳性和阴性对照组。利用间接ELISA和CDV中和试验检测免疫犬的抗CDV体液免疫水平、CAV-2 HI试验检测免疫犬的抗CAV体液免疫水平、淋巴细胞转化试验检测免疫犬的抗CDV和抗CAV-2细胞免疫水平,分析CAV-2/CDVLPH的免疫性。结果,能够在各试验组免疫犬血清中检测到抗CDV ELISA抗体和抗CDV中和抗体,同时在第1组和第3组免疫犬的血清中检测到抗CAV-2的HI抗体,免疫犬的外周淋巴细胞对特异性和非特异性抗原刺激均有明显增殖,第2组的免疫应答水平低于第3组,第1组又高于第3组,但低于CDV弱毒疫苗免疫组,试验表明CAV-2/CDVLPH可同时诱导免疫犬产生抗CDV和CAV特异性免疫,CAV-2/CDVLPH与pVAXLPH相比能诱导犬产生较高的特异性免疫应答,然而低于CDV弱毒疫苗。 相似文献
4.
用CDV弱毒、EPV弱毒和CAV-2型弱毒研制成功了狐貉三联疫苗。该三联疫苗安全可靠，免疫原性强，免疫期6个月以上，室温可保存3d，4℃可保存2周，-20℃可保存6个月，该三联疫苗免疫剂量为3ml/只，CDV、FPV和CAV-2型弱毒疫苗滴度分别为10^6.0-10^8.0，现场应用100余万只狐貉，抗体阳转率93%。 相似文献
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水貂犬瘟热,病毒性肠炎和肉毒梭菌中毒三联疫苗的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用FPV弱毒、CDV弱毒和肉毒梭菌C型疫苗研制成功了水貂三联疫苗。该苗安全可靠、免疫原性强、免疫期达6个月以上,同各单苗相比抗体产生期及效价相近,室温可保存3天;4℃可保存2周;-20℃可保存6个月。该苗的免疫剂量为2ml,其中CDV和FPV弱毒滴度分别为10~(3.0),肉菌梭菌C型疫苗为2mg/ml。现场应用26000余只水貂,抗体阳转率达90％以上。 相似文献
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应用YCA18株第8代细胞培养物（YCA18－8）经口鼻和静脉接种犬腺(CAV)SN本＜1：2的易感犬作安全试验，结果未见任何CAV临床症状与病理解剖学改变；用不同剂量的YCA18－8分组免疫CAV易感犬，经SN抗体测定与用CAV强毒攻击试验，结果SN抗体达1：16以上的犬95％以上可获得免疫保护，最低免疫量为10^4TCID50；应用YCA18－8分别免疫母源抗体达1：4和1：8的两组试验犬，第一次免疫14d后SN抗体均未有升高，追加2－3次免疫后SN抗体才逐渐上升至1：16以上的免疫保护水平；用CAV易感犬和MDCK分别将YCA18连续传8代和20代，结果对犬仍然安全，对犬的免疫原性未见下降，最低免疫量仍为10^4TCID50；与CDV和CPV弱毒作免疫互扰试验，结果与各弱毒的单独免疫结果未见差异；将YCA18－8冰冻保存于一30℃，6个月内TCID50仍不低于10^-4/0.1ml，经加明胶－蔗糖低温真空冻干后，4℃和－30℃保存1年，TCID50均仍维持在10^-4/0.1ml以上，经YCA18－20 3次免疫的试验犬，1年后SN抗体仍在最低抗体保护值1：16以上。 相似文献
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一、犬免疫用生物制品的种类及用法
常见的犬用疫苗有：犬五联弱毒苗、六联弱毒苗、七联弱毒苗。五联弱毒苗用于预防犬瘟热、犬细小病毒性肠炎、犬传染性肝炎、犬副流感和狂犬病。六联弱毒苗较五联弱毒苗的免疫范围增加了犬轮状病毒性肠炎。七联弱毒苗较六联弱毒苗防疫范围增加了犬钩端螺旋体病。三种疫苗均只可注射健康犬。用法为：断奶仔犬间隔2～3周，连续接种2～3次，每次肌注一个剂量，以后每年加强免疫1～2次。犬用灭活菌苗有犬传染性肝炎灭活苗和犬细小病毒灭活苗，因灭活苗的免疫效果不如弱毒苗，近几年在犬免疫接种中用的较少。 相似文献
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选用从犬科动物貉中分得的貉细小病毒CR86106株为种毒,用猫肾传代细胞F81系培养增殖,制成犬细小病毒性肠炎弱毒疫苗(M-CPV)。该苗对猪红细胞的HA效价平均156,对F81细胞系的TCID_(50)平均为4.02。对离乳幼犬的最低免疫剂量为5×10~(3·8)TCID_(50)。苗注后2周即可获得免疫,血清HI抗体达32即可抵抗CPV强毒感染。疫苗的免疫期为1年。于-15℃以下冰盒保存,疫苗的有效期为9个月。CR80106株遗传性稳定,经CPV易感幼犬和F81细胞系连续传5代和22代,对犬的安全性和免疫原性不变。病毒蛋白经SDS—PAGE和HPLC分析,均未发现与原始毒株有不同。M-CPV对母源抗体干扰有较强的抵抗力,母源抗体达32的幼犬,100％可对该亩产生免疫应答。HI抗体<2的CPV易感幼犬接种该苗后除粪便轻度阳转外,无其他异常,同居CPV易感幼犬也不会感染发病。两次免疫后作同居感染攻毒,可获得完全保护,不会由粪便排出强毒。于产前20d给怀孕母犬接种,也未见有流产、早产、死胎和弱胎现象发生,所产仔犬全部生长发育正常。全国16个军、警犬场队用本疫苗累计免疫各类犬3320只,全部安全,没有一只因注苗而发病,经1～2年临床观察,3296头获得保护,保护率为99.28％。 相似文献
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应用纯化后的犬冠状病毒 (CCV)YS1株细胞培养致弱的弱毒 (CCVYS1V60 ) ,经口鼻和肌肉接种CCV ,SN抗体小于 1∶2的易感犬作安全试验 ,结果未见任何CCV临床症状与病理解剖学改变 ;用不同剂量的该CCV弱毒分组免疫CCV易感犬 ,经SN抗体测定与用CCV强毒攻毒试验 ,结果SN抗体达 1∶60以上的犬 90 %以上可获得免疫保护 ;应用该CCV弱毒分别免疫母源抗体达 1∶4和 1∶8的 2组试验犬 ,第 1次免疫 1 4d后SN抗体均未见升高 ,追加 2～ 3次免疫后 ,SN抗体才逐渐上升至 1∶60以上的免疫保护水平 ;用CCV易感犬和猫肾传代细胞 (CRFK)分别将该CCV细胞培养弱毒连续传 5代和 2 0代 ,结果对犬仍然安全 ,免疫原性也未见下降 ;与犬瘟热病毒 (CDV)、犬传染性肝炎病毒 (ICHV)和犬细小病毒(CPV)弱毒作免疫互扰试验 ,结果与各弱毒的单独免疫结果未见差异 ;该毒的免疫期在 1年以上 ,- 2 0℃冻结保存的保存期为 9个月。 相似文献
11.
Böhm M Thompson H Weir A Hasted AM Maxwell NS Herrtage ME 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(15):457-463
Antibody titres to canine distemper (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine adenovirus (CAV) were measured in 144 adult dogs that had not been vaccinated for between three and 15 years. Protective antibodies to CPV were present in 95 per cent of the population, to CDV in 71.5 per cent and to CAV in 82 per cent. The prevalence of protective titres did not decrease with increasing time interval from the last vaccination for any of the three diseases studied. Booster vaccination increased the dogs CAV titres. For comparative purposes, 199 puppies were sampled at the time of their first and second vaccination. In the case of CPV and CAV a significantly higher proportion of the adult dogs were protected than of the puppies immediately after they were vaccinated. Natural CPV boosting was strongly suspected because the dogs had significantly higher titres three years after their primary vaccination than two weeks after it and three unvaccinated dogs had acquired protective antibody levels uneventfully. There was no evidence of natural exposure to CDV. 相似文献
12.
Canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) infections are relatively common in animal shelters and are important population management issues since the immune status of incoming dogs is usually unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of positive antibody test results for CPV and CDV in incoming dogs aged ≥ 4 months and to measure antibody response over 2 weeks following vaccination with a modified live vaccine (MLV). Dogs aged 4-24 months entering an adoption-guarantee shelter (Shelter 1, n=51) and aged ≥ 4 months entering a limited admission shelter (Shelter 2; n=51) were enrolled. Dogs from Shelter 1 had been vaccinated with MLV at a municipal shelter 5 days before enrollment, whereas dogs from Shelter 2 had no known history of vaccination at enrollment. Sera were obtained on day 1, immediately prior to CPV/CDV MLV, and tested using an in-clinic ELISA kit to detect CPV/CDV antibodies. Dogs negative for CPV and/or CDV were retested at day 6-8 and those dogs still negative at day 6-8 were retested at day 13-15. Prior to CPV/CDV MLV on day 1, more dogs tested positive for CPV (Shelter 1 - 68.6%; Shelter 2 - 84.3%) than for CDV (Shelter 1 - 37.3%; Shelter 2 - 41.2%). On day 1, prior to MLV, all spayed/neutered animals tested CPV antibody-positive (n=17/102) and CPV antibody-positive dogs were older than serologically negative dogs (Shelter 1, P=0.0029; Shelter 2, P=0.0042). By day 13-15, almost all dogs were CPV antibody-positive (Shelter 1 - 97.9%; Shelter 2 - 100.0%) and CDV antibody-positive (Shelter 1 - 93.8%; Shelter 2 - 97.8%). MLV induces protective antibody titers against CPV/CDV in almost all dogs after 13-15 days. 相似文献
13.
根据GenBank上登录的犬瘟热病毒（Canine distemper virus，CDV）基因组全序列，选择CDV强、弱毒株间有区别保守区设计了一对通用引物P1和P4，并在该对引物跨越区域的内部设计了CDV强毒株特异性引物P2及弱毒株特异性引物P3，用引物P1／P4进行RT—PCR，然后用引物P2／P3／P4进行复合套式PCR，建立了一种能区分CDV强、弱毒株的复合反转录-套式聚合酶链式反应（RT—nPCR）的鉴别诊断方法。应用该方法从CDV强、弱毒株的基因组中分别扩增出了大小为247bp和177bp的特异性片段，从两种病毒基因组混合物中扩增出了大小为247bp和177bp的两条特异性片段，与犬细小病毒、犬腺病毒、犬冠状病毒、狂犬病病毒、新城疫病毒的细胞培养物以及正常细胞对照组进行复合RT—nPCR扩增时均为阴性。对从黑龙江省和吉林省采集的20份疑似CDV病料进行的检测结果表明，有15份类似CDV强毒，5份类似CDV弱毒。本研究建立的复合RT—nPCR可以有效检测CDV感染，能够将强、弱毒株区分开，可用于临床快速检测、流行病学监测以及追踪疫苗免疫效果等。 相似文献
14.
Gore TC Lakshmanan N Duncan KL Coyne MJ Lum MA Sterner FJ 《Veterinary therapeutics : research in applied veterinary medicine》2005,6(1):5-14
A challenge-of-immunity study was conducted to demonstrate immunity in dogs 3 years after their second vaccination with a new multivalent, modified-live vaccine containing canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), canine parvovirus (CPV), and canine distemper virus (CDV). Twenty-three seronegative pups were vaccinated at 7 and 11 weeks of age. Eighteen seronegative pups, randomized into groups of six dogs, served as challenge controls. Dogs were kept in strict isolation for 3 years following the vaccination and then challenged sequentially with virulent canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1), CPV, and CDV. For each viral challenge, a separate group of six control dogs was also challenged. Clinical signs of CAV-1, CPV, and CDV infections were prevented in 100% of vaccinated dogs, demonstrating that the multivalent, modified-live test vaccine provided protection against virulent CAV-1, CPV, and CDV challenge in dogs 7 weeks of age or older for a minimum of 3 years following second vaccination. 相似文献
15.
Evaluation of a dot ELISA kit for measuring immunoglobulin M antibodies to canine parvovirus and distemper virus 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A dot ELISA for the detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to canine distemper virus (CDC) and canine parvovirus (CPV) was assessed. The titres of IgM antibodies to CDV and CPV in 100 dogs were measured by the Immunocomb ELISA kit and compared with the results derived from the immunofluorescence assay (IFA). There was a strong correlation between the results of the dot ELISA technique and the IFA (P < 0.001). The dot ELISA kit was also used to assess the changes in the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to CPV and CDV in 10 puppies vaccinated with a polyvalent vaccine. High levels of IgM antibodies to CPV were first detected seven days after they were vaccinated, and after nine days all the pups had high titres of IgG antibodies to CPV. High levels of IgM antibodies to CDV were detected after nine days and the highest average titres were recorded after 12 days. IgG antibodies to CDV were present from nine days after vaccination. 相似文献
16.
Serum antibody titers to canine parvovirus (CPV), canine adenovirus-1 (CAV-1), and canine distemper virus (CDV) were measured in dogs with known immunization status. The dogs represented 3 groups: nonvaccinated dogs less than 12 months old; vaccinated dogs less than 12 months old; and adult dogs greater than 12 months old. For practical reasons, the population from which the specimens were obtained could be considered as free from natural infection with CAV-1 and CDV. In nonvaccinated dogs less than 12 months old, antibodies against all 3 viruses were measured at the time the dogs were given their first vaccination. Altogether, 50.7% of the dogs had titer greater than or equal to 1:10 to CPV, and 26.1 and 46.2% had titer greater than or equal to 1:8 to CAV-1 and CDV, respectively. The concentration of maternal antibody seemed to be of major importance for failure of immunization with use of inactivated CPV vaccine, but not with CAV-1 and CDV vaccination. In dogs less than 12 months old and vaccinated against CPV infection with inactivated virus, only 11.5% had titer greater than or equal to 1:80. In dogs vaccinated against infectious canine hepatitis and canine distemper, 63.2 and 78.3%, respectively, had titer greater than or equal to 1:16. In adult dogs greater than 2 months old and vaccinated against CPV infection, less than 50% had titer greater than or equal to 1:80, regardless of time after vaccination. There was no significant difference in titer between vaccinated and nonvaccinated dogs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
17.
Mouzin DE Lorenzen MJ Haworth JD King VL 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,224(1):55-60
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vaccinated dogs either remained seropositive or responded serologically to revaccination for 5 key viral antigens after extended periods since their last vaccination. DESIGN: Serologic survey. ANIMALS: 322 healthy client-owned dogs. PROCEDURE: Dogs were > or = 2 years old and vaccinated against canine distemper virus (CDV), canine adenovirus-1 (CAV-1), canine adenovirus-2 (CAV-2), canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV), and canine parvovirus (CPV). On day 0, dogs were revaccinated with a vaccine from the same vaccine line as they had historically received. Antibody titers were measured in sera collected at day 0 (prevaccination titer) and 5 to 7 days later (postvaccination titer). Dogs were considered to have responded serologically if they had a day-0 serum neutralization titer to CDV > or = 1:32; a serum neutralization titer to CAV-1, CAV-2, or CPIV > or = 1:16; a hemagglutination inhibition titer to CPV > or = 1:80; or a > or = 4-fold increase in antibody titer after revaccination. RESULTS: The percentage of dogs that had titers at or greater than the threshold values or responded to revaccination with a > or = 4-fold increase in titer was 98.1% for CDV, 98.4% for CAV-1, 99.0% for CAV-2, 100% for CPIV, and 98.1% for CPV. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In most dogs, vaccination induced a response that lasted up to and beyond 48 months for all 5 antigens. Although not equivalent to challenge-of-immunity studies as a demonstration of efficacy, results suggest that revaccination with the same vaccine provides adequate protection even when given less frequently than the traditional 1-year interval. The study provides valuable information for clinicians to help determine appropriate revaccination intervals. 相似文献
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Trevor Waner Shlomit Mazar Ephraim Keren-Kornblatt 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(3):267-270
A growing body of literature has been published indicating that the current practice of annual vaccination of dogs may not be beneficial and in some cases may even be harmful. A number of publications have proposed assessing the immune status of dogs before annual revaccination. In this study the usefulness of a commercially available dot-ELISA kit was evaluated to determine the duration IgG antibody titers to canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) in 158 dogs vaccinated at least one year ago. Overall, the percentage of dogs with protective antibody titers to both CPV and CDV was 84%. The percentage of dogs with borderline antibody titers was 11% for CPV and 10% for CDV. Four percent of the dogs had no detectable antibody to CPV and 6% had no antibody to CDV. The results reported here are in good agreement with other studies measuring IgG antibody levels. It is concluded that the kit offers veterinarians the opportunity of determining antibody titers and revaccinating only those pets whose antibody titers to specific diseases have waned. 相似文献