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1.
河北省农田生态系统碳源/汇时空变化及其影响因素 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
基于1989-2008年河北省主要农作物产量、耕地面积、有效灌溉面积、化肥施用量及农业机械动力等方面的统计数据,估算了河北省近20a来农田生态系统碳源/汇,并探讨了碳源/汇时空变化及其影响因素。结果表明,近20a来河北省农田生态系统碳吸收总量总体呈现波动增加态势,碳排放总量也呈逐年上升的趋势,且碳吸收增长的速度大于碳排放的速度,总的来说,河北省农田生态系统是碳汇;从空间上来看,河北省碳汇强度由南向北逐渐降低;在各种作物中,小麦和玉米的碳吸收所占比重最大;对影响农田生态系统碳源/汇因素分析表明,农业灌溉对作物碳吸收影响最显著,其次是化肥施用,在农田生态系统3种主要碳排放途径中以化肥施用带来的碳排放所占的比重最大。 相似文献
2.
张掖市农田生态系统碳源/汇时空分布特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
[目的]探究农田生态系统的碳源/汇状况,为绿洲农田生态系统农作物类型及其种植模式研究提供参考。[方法]利用2001—2010年张掖市主要农作物产量、耕地面积、农作物播种面积及农业投入等数据,根据农田碳吸收、碳排放模型估算各县区农田生态系统的碳吸收、碳排放及碳汇,并分析其时空分布特征。[结果]张掖市各县区碳吸收、碳排放、碳汇强度存在明显的时空差异;同一农作物的碳吸收强度仅与单产量有关,且成正比;经济作物中棉花的单位面积变化量对碳吸收的贡献率最大,粮食作物中大豆的贡献率最大。碳排放量是化肥施用量、农作物种植面积、农业机械总动力及灌溉面积的一次函数,化肥施用量的单位变化量对碳排放的贡献率最大,碳排放量呈逐年增加的趋势;灌溉面积次之,且逐年有降低的趋势;农业机械碳排放所占比例较小,低于碳排放总量的5%。[结论]近10a来张掖市农田生态系统碳吸收总量整体上呈显著增加趋势,碳排放总量呈减小趋势,表明张掖市农田生态系统具有较强的碳汇能力。 相似文献
3.
以1990—2009年上海市农作物产量、农田面积、农业投入等相关统计数据为依据,对上海农田生态系统主要碳源汇进行了测算,分析了上海农田生态系统碳源汇的时空变化特征,并探讨了农田生态系统碳源汇的影响因素。结果表明,1999—2009年上海农田生态系统碳吸收总量总体处于逐步下降趋势,且经济作物和果蔬作物碳吸收比例分别下降和上升明显;碳排放总量则呈逐步下降并趋于稳定的趋势,农用化学品投入是其主要排放源;单位面积碳吸收和排放量则一直处于波动状态。2009年上海各区县农田生态系统碳吸收量、碳排放量和单位耕地面积碳吸收量均为远郊大于近郊,而单位耕地面积碳排放量则为近郊大于远郊。碳源汇影响因素相关性分析表明,碳吸收与粮食作物和经济作物产量显著正相关,而与果蔬作物产量显著负相关;碳排放与农用化学品投入和燃料动力使用以及耕作灌溉管理均显著正相关。 相似文献
4.
伊犁河谷农田生态系统生产力水平对碳源汇的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的]分析伊犁河谷农田生态系统碳源汇的变化趋势及农田生态系统碳源汇的影响因素,为农业产业结构调整和农业生产固碳减排提供科学依据。[方法]以2004—2013年伊犁河谷农作物产量、播种面积、农业投入等相关统计数据为依据,采用碳转化系数的方法对伊犁河谷农田生态系统主要碳源汇进行测算。[结果](1)近10a来,伊犁河谷农田生态系统碳吸收总量由2004年的2.32×106 t升到2013年的4.48×106 t,平均增长率为7.57%,单位播种面积碳吸收量也由2004年的7.54t/hm2上升到2013年9.27t/hm2,提高了0.23倍。碳吸收量与水稻、小麦、玉米、蔬菜总产量呈极显著相关与胡麻总产量呈显著负相关。(2)碳排放总量由2004年的2.24×105 t增加到2013年的4.02×105t,10a间增加了0.80倍。对农田生态系统碳排放总量贡献最大的因素为柴油和化肥投入。(3)近10a间,净碳吸收总量由2004年的2.10×106 t增至2013年的4.07×106 t,单位播种面积净碳吸收量由2004年的6.81t/hm2上升至2013年的8.44t/hm2,年均增速2.41%。[结论]在伊犁河谷农业生产的高投入、高产出的模式下,其农田生态系统表现为碳汇系统。 相似文献
5.
江苏省农田生态系统碳源/汇、碳足迹动态变化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
[目的]了解江苏省农田生态系统近年来碳源碳汇的基本演变趋势,识别江苏省农业发展过程中的重要碳排放源,指导江苏农业低碳化发展。[方法]利用模型对农田碳排放量、碳吸收量及碳足迹进行测算,并对其动态变化进行分析。[结果](1)江苏省农田生态系统碳排放总量总体趋向于增加,2001年江苏省碳排放量为4.44×10~6 t,2016年碳排放量为4.60×10~6 t,增幅为3.4%,化肥为碳排放的主要贡献因子。碳排放强度总体表现为下降趋势,各阶段碳排放强度均低于1t/hm~2。(2)碳吸收量总体呈现增加趋势,2001—2016年农作物总碳吸收量增加了3.57×10~7 t,年均复合增长率约为2.2%,单位面积碳吸收量呈整体增加趋势。园艺作物的碳吸收量明显高于粮食作物和经济作物。(3)农田生态系统碳足迹总体呈现降低趋势,存在较大的生态盈余。[结论](1)2001—2016年江苏省农田生态系统的碳吸收量明显高于碳排放量,具有良好的固碳能力,农田生态系统呈现碳汇;(2)农业投入物品对碳排放的影响程度不同,化肥是影响农业碳排放的最关键因子。 相似文献
6.
北部湾城市群土地利用碳收支时空分异及碳补偿分区 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
[目的] 分析市域空间尺度对城市群碳收支时空格局演变特征及耦合协调关系,构建碳补偿分区评价体系,为实现碳中和目标提供城市群层面的实施策略参考。[方法] 以北部湾城市群为例,在分析2000,2010,2020年研究区土地利用碳收支时空分异及耦合协调度分析的基础上,结合熵权法和TOPSIS法测算2020年15个城市碳补偿贴近度,构建碳补偿综合评价体系并引入三维魔方单元模型初步构建碳补偿等级进行功能分区研究。[结果] ①2000—2020年北部湾城市群碳收支量呈现整体上升状态,市域尺度主体碳排放区域呈现“核心—外围”结构,主体吸收区域呈现“倒钩”状空间格局。②2000—2020年该区城市群碳源、碳汇在分异格局上,除广西区域呈现西北—东南方向,其余地区均呈现东北—西南为主导的方向,空间分布重心稳定。③2000—2020年城市群内部碳源与碳汇坐标均高于0.5,碳排放与碳吸收水平较高,两者具有较高的耦合协调性。[结论] 北部湾城市群的碳收支存在明显的时空异质性,碳排放与碳吸收耦合协调程度较高。为了进一步探索实现“双碳”目标多元化路径,北部湾城市群未来应多方面考虑区域资源能力、碳排放强度和经济发展条件等,从而健全城市群区域间碳补偿体制。 相似文献
7.
[目的]分析淮南矿区2000—2020年土地利用碳源/碳汇时空格局分布特征,为淮南市国土空间规划及未来低碳调控政策制定提供依据。[方法]以淮南矿区为研究对象,选取2000,2010,2020年3期土地利用数据,以格网尺度量化不同土地利用变化发展阶段下碳源/碳汇/碳排放的时空格局,基于冷热点分析碳源/碳汇/碳排放的空间格局。[结果](1)2000—2020年,土地利用类型由单一用地为主转换多种土地利用类型同时发生,其中,建设用地面积增大,导致碳源效应增强,碳汇效应相对减弱,碳排放量持续增加,碳源年增加量为2.76×106 t,碳汇年增加量仅为130 t,碳排放年增加量为2.76×106 t;(2)碳源和碳排放空间分布特征基本一致,中部建成区和西北矿区是碳源和碳排放的主要集中区,碳汇主要聚集在东部、西部边缘区和西部部分矿区;(3)中部建成区是碳源和碳排放的显著热点、热点区域,以显著热点变化特征为主;显著冷点和冷点主要分布在研究区东部、西部边缘区域和西北部分矿区。[结论]淮南矿区的碳减排和低碳效应需要着重关注北部大面积的平原耕地区域,控制该区域矿区... 相似文献
8.
河南省农业碳排放时空分异、影响因素及趋势预测 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
[目的]研究河南省农业碳排放时空演化特征及驱动机制,预测未来10 a农业碳排放变化趋势,以期制定农业固碳减排方案,促进农业低碳绿色转型。[方法]基于碳排放公平性评价模型、地理探测器及GM(1,1)模型,分析河南省农业碳排放的时空演化特征、驱动因素及发展趋势。[结果](1)研究期内河南省农业净碳排放量呈逐年减少趋势,且表现为西南高、东北低的特征。碳源方面,畜牧业碳排放占据较大比例,且以牛、羊、猪碳排放为主。碳汇方面,小麦、玉米和蔬菜对碳吸收的贡献较大。(2)农业碳排放生态承载系数呈北部、南部高,西部低的格局,经济贡献系数呈东南高,西南低的特征。(3)农业从业人口、农村居民人均可支配收入、农业机械总动力、财政教育支出是农业碳排放空间分异的关键因素,且各因子交互作用较强。(4)2021—2030年河南省农业净碳排放量持续下降,预计全省在2029年可实现农业碳中和目标。[结论]未来应加强科普宣传,积极推广低碳农业生产技术,提高农业资源综合利用效率。同时,各地应注重系统整合,加强区域协作,实现农业碳减排区域一体化。 相似文献
9.
北方旱区免耕对农田生态系统固碳与碳平衡的影响 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：10
农田系统对大气CO2库呈碳汇还是碳源效应取决于土壤有机碳的固定和温室气体释放之间的平衡,而耕作措施会改变土壤有机碳含量和储量,影响农田系统的碳循环与碳平衡。该研究以北方旱区山西临汾20 a长期保护性耕作定位试验为基础,田间原位测定土壤呼吸和土壤有机碳含量,确定各类农业投入碳排放参数,利用碳足迹方法综合分析不同耕作措施(传统耕作CT和免耕NT)下农田生态系统碳平衡。结果表明:在化肥、机械等农业投入产生的间接碳排放量方面,化肥投入碳排放量约占系统农业总投入碳排放量的73.5%~77.4%,是农业投入中主要的碳源。由于免耕减少了翻耕、旋耕和秸秆移除3道程序,NT比CT少排放约5.1%,NT产量显著提高28.9%,且碳生产力大于CT。0~60 cm土壤有机碳储量NT(50.86 Mg/hm2)比CT(46.00 Mg/hm2)高10.5%。与CT相比,在小麦休闲期和生育期NT土壤呼吸CO2释放总量高于CT。但根据农田系统碳平衡公式分析得出,NT更有利于农田生态系统固碳,呈碳汇效应,而CT表现为碳源。因此,长期免耕耕作能够提高农田土壤固碳量,减少大气温室气体排放,对于改善北方旱区土壤碳库和减排效果是一个良好的选择。 相似文献
10.
临沂市农田生态系统碳源/汇时空变化及其影响因素分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
依据2003-2013年临沂市农作物产量、耕地面积、农作物播种面积及农业投入等数据,对临沂市农田生态系统碳源、碳汇进行估算,分析其变化规律并探讨临沂市农田生态系统碳源、碳汇的影响因素。结果表明,2003-2013年临沂市农田生态系统的碳排放量呈现先增后减的情况;5种主要碳排放过程中,化肥施用过程中碳排放所占的比例最大;各县区碳排放量,远郊大于近郊;碳吸收、碳汇呈现增加的趋势,并具备很强的碳汇功能;小麦、玉米作为主要的粮食作物,碳吸收量远高于其他的农作物;各县区由于自然条件和发展方向的不同,碳吸收量与单位播种面积碳汇量差异较为明显。碳源、碳汇影响因素分析表明,碳吸收与小麦、玉米、水稻、花生等高产量作物、农作物总产量及农作物总播种面积显著正相关;碳排放量与农膜等农用化学品投入、农业机械等燃料动力使用和农业灌溉等显著正相关;碳汇量与碳吸收量显著正相关。 相似文献
11.
低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。 相似文献
12.
Aleš Lebeda Ivana Doležalová Eva Křístková Barbora Mieslerová 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2001,48(2):153-164
Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions. 相似文献
13.
Kyle Devey Michael Mucalo Gordon Rajendram Joseph Lane 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2015,46(4):72-80
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing. 相似文献
14.
Thomas Larsen Jesper Luxhøi Jakob Magid Lars Stoumann Jensen Paul Henning Krogh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(1):59-68
We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization
and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition
with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the
decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots
with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass,
soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration,
N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially
(<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation
in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils,
indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but
the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation
for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community
performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea. 相似文献
15.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(6)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
16.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(7)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
17.
I.L. Boyd 《Biological conservation》2010,143(7):1664-1674
“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options. 相似文献
18.
Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate. 相似文献
19.
《中国生态农业学报》2014,(8)
正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology, 相似文献
20.
M.A. Callaham Jr. J.M. BlairT.C. Todd D.J. KitchenM.R. Whiles 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2003,35(8):1079-1093
The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils. 相似文献