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构建SPRN重组原核表达载体,并进行目的蛋白的表达、纯化及多克隆抗体的制备,提取BALB/c小鼠全血基因组,PCR扩增SPRN基因,克隆至融合表达载体,在大肠埃希菌中表达鼠Shadoo蛋白并纯化;以纯化蛋白为抗原免疫新西兰白兔制备抗血清,并检测抗体效价,用Western blot方法分别检测与重组及内源性Shadoo蛋白的反应性.结果表明,成功制备了小鼠Shadoo蛋白兔源多克隆抗体,为研究Shadoo蛋白与PrP蛋白之间的功能调节关系,自身的生理学作用以及Shadoo蛋白在传染性海绵状脑病发病机制过程中的生物学功能奠定了良好的基础. 相似文献
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朊蛋白基因家族包括4个基因:PRNP(PrP的编码基因),PRND(Doppel的编码基因),PRNT(Prt的编码基因)和SPRN(Shadoo的编码基因)。其中,PRNP,PRND和PRNT3个基因位于同一个55kb的区域内(PRNP-20kb-PRND-3kb-PRNT),而SPRN基因位于另一条染色体上。这4个基因被称为"朊蛋白基因复合体"(Prion gene complex),在不同种属之间相当保守。传染性海绵样脑病(TSEs)的发生不仅受到PRNP基因的调控,朊蛋白基因家族的其它3个基因在定位、结构、表达及其编码产物上与PRNP基因存在很多相似性,提示其它3个基因很可能作为TSEs研究的候选基因。文章从朊蛋白基因家族的结构特征、编码产物的结构及其相互关系、朊蛋白基因家族在TSEs中发挥的作用等三方面进行综述,以期为研究TSEs致病机制提供新的思路。 相似文献
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为构建鼠类朊蛋白Shadoo基因重组真核表达质粒,并分析类朊蛋白Shadoo在鼠神经瘤细胞(Neuro-2α)内表达及定位.采用PCR方法把Flag标签序列插入到Shadoo阅读框122与123氨基酸住点之间,构建Shadoo-Flag融合基因片段,把Shadoo-Flag片段插入到真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1,构建重组真核表达pcDNA3.1-Shadoo-Flag,质粒酶切、测序鉴定正确后,脂质体法转入Neuro-2α细胞,检测Shadoo基因表达及表达部位.结果重组真核表达质粒pcDNA3.1-Shadoo-Flag转入Neuro-2α细胞,能够正确表达出相对分子质量为12 000的Shadoo蛋白,并定位于细胞膜. 相似文献
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朊蛋白在癌症发生中的作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>常细胞型朊蛋白(PrPC)是一种高度保守、在所有哺乳动物体内广泛表达的细胞表面糖蛋白,人类PrPC在胚胎发育早期即已表达。研究表明,PrP在多种癌症中表达,包括胃癌、胰腺癌、大肠癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、肝癌(HCC)、口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)等,影响这些癌症的发生与侵袭,并在多药耐性(MDR)获得中起重要作用。因此,朊蛋白有望成为治疗多种癌症的新靶标。论文就PrP的结构、功能及其在细胞功能和疾病发生发展中的作用,以及PrP在多种肿瘤发生发展、耐药性的作用等研究进行概述,并对PrP在癌症新型疗法未来发展中的潜在影响进行分析讨论,以期为PrP相关肿瘤病的防治方面做出贡献。 相似文献
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从藏绵羊全血中提取基因组总DNA，用所设计的引物以聚合酶链式反应扩增出细胞型朊蛋白（PrP^c）基因。测序分析表明，所克隆的羊PrP^c基因片段大小为771bp，包含了羊朊蛋白基因的完整编码区序列，其与国内外报道的序列基本相同。将目的基因与经EcoRⅠ和XhoⅠ酶切的载体pGEX-4T-1连接后转化宿主菌BL21（DE3），挑选重组阳性菌用IPTG诱导表达，收集不同培养时间的菌液进行SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting。结果表明，PrP基因在大肠杆菌中成功表达，并能被抗牛PrP^c单抗4C11识别。凝胶薄层扫描结果显示，表达蛋白约占菌体总蛋白的309／6～45％，目的蛋白以包涵体的形式存在，包涵体经变性裂解、纯化和复性后得到具有一定生物学活性的目的蛋白。 相似文献
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根据绵羊朊蛋白基因(prion protein nucleic acid,PrNP)序列,截去PrNP部分N端信号肽(150 bp)和C端GPI锚定位点(123 bp)形成PrNPT-08,设计特异性引物,以绵羊全血提取DNA为模板,扩增PrNPT-08序列。与表达载体pET30a(+)连接,转化入BL21(DE3)感受态细胞。用IPTG诱导表达,其产物经SDS-PAGE电泳、纯化、Western blotting验证。结果表明,所插入的克隆片段含有498个核苷酸,共编码166个氨基酸,序列对比分析表明,与GenBank中绵羊朊蛋白基因序列同源性为99.6%,氨基酸序列同源性为98.8%。PrNP T-08基因在大肠杆菌得到高效表达,表达产物为相对分子量为27 kDa的融合蛋白,并能被PrP单克隆抗体AH6所识别。该蛋白成功表达为研究朊蛋白生理生化功能和结构转变提供了基础生物学材料,同时为朊蛋白疾病诊断中所需单克隆抗体的制备提供基本的试验材料。 相似文献
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E. Lampo W. Van den Broeck N. Willemarck M. Van Poucke C.R. Casteleyn W. De Spiegelaere A. Van Zeveren L.J. Peelman 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(3):372-378
Shadow of prion protein is a gene potentially involved in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. However, the Shadoo protein encoded by this gene has not yet been studied in sheep, an important species in prion matters. Therefore, we developed a polyclonal antibody against ovine Shadoo and assessed the presence and distribution of this protein in the ovine brain by immunohistochemistry. The strongest staining level was found in the cerebellum (especially in the Purkinje cells) and in the pons, but cerebrum, hippocampus, pituitary gland, medulla oblongata, thalamus and hypothalamus were also immunopositive. Remarkably, a typical granular pattern was seen in most of the tested brain tissues, which might indicate that Shadoo is primarily expressed at synapses. The results of this study and the availability of an ovine anti-Shadoo antibody can contribute to future research on the function of Shadoo and on its potential involvement in prion diseases. 相似文献
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Zomosa-Signoret V Arnaud JD Fontes P Alvarez-Martinez MT Liautard JP 《Veterinary research》2008,39(4):9
The prion protein (PrP) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of prion diseases. However, the normal function of the protein remains unclear. The cellular isoform (PrP(C)) is expressed most abundantly in the brain, but has also been detected in other non-neuronal tissues as diverse as lymphoid cells, lung, heart, kidney, gastrointestinal tract, muscle, and mammary glands. Cell biological studies of PrP contribute to our understanding of PrP(C) function. Like other membrane proteins, PrP(C) is post-translationally processed in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi on its way to the cell surface after synthesis. Cell surface PrP(C) constitutively cycles between the plasma membrane and early endosomes via a clathrin-dependent mechanism, a pathway consistent with a suggested role for PrP(C) in cellular trafficking of copper ions. Although PrP(-/-) mice have been reported to have only minor alterations in immune function, PrP(C) is up-regulated in T cell activation and may be expressed at higher levels by specialized classes of lymphocytes. Furthermore, antibody cross-linking of surface PrP(C) modulates T cell activation and leads to rearrangements of lipid raft constituents and increased phosphorylation of signaling proteins. These findings appear to indicate an important but, as yet, ill-defined role in T cell function. Recent work has suggested that PrP(C) is required for self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells. PrP(C) is highly expressed in the central nervous system, and since this is the major site of prion pathology, most interest has focused on defining the role of PrP(C) in neurones. Although PrP(-/-) mice have a grossly normal neurological phenotype, even when neuronal PrP(C) is knocked out postnatally, they do have subtle abnormalities in synaptic transmission, hippocampal morphology, circadian rhythms, and cognition and seizure threshold. Other postulated neuronal roles for PrP(C) include copper-binding, as an anti- and conversely, pro-apoptotic protein, as a signaling molecule, and in supporting neuronal morphology and adhesion. The prion protein may also function as a metal binding protein such as copper, yielding cellular antioxidant capacity suggesting a role in the oxidative stress homeostasis. Finally, recent observations on the role of PrP(C) in long-term memory open a challenging field. 相似文献
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梅花鹿朊蛋白基因(PRNP)的克隆及序列分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据GenBank中鹿朊蛋白基因序列设计特异性扩增引物，采用PCR方法从中国梅花鹿基因组中扩增得到梅花鹿的朊蛋白基因，采用PCR产物直接测序，并将其克隆到pGEM—TEasy载体中测序进行进一步确认，通过分析表明所克隆的梅花鹿朊蛋白基因的ORF基因片段包含771bp，编码256个氨基酸的前体蛋白，相对分子质量约为28200。与已报道的其他品种鹿朊蛋白基因序列进行对比分析，核苷酸及氨基酸序列的同源性均在98％以上。本试验为进一步研究中国梅花鹿朊蛋白的多态性提供了数据。 相似文献
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Generation of genuine prion infectivity by serial PMCA 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Weber P Giese A Piening N Mitteregger G Thomzig A Beekes M Kretzschmar HA 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,123(4):346-357
Prions are the causative infectious agents of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). They are thought to arise from misfolding and aggregation of the prion protein (PrP). In serial transmission protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) experiments, newly formed misfolded and proteinase K-resistant PrP (PrPres) catalysed the structural conversion of cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) as efficiently as PrP(Sc) from the brain of scrapie-infected (263K) hamsters confirming an autocatalytic misfolding cascade as postulated by the prion hypothesis. However, the fact that PrPres generated in vitro was associated with approximately 10 times less infectivity than an equivalent quantity of brain-derived PrP(Sc) casts doubt on the "protein-only" hypothesis of prion propagation and backs theories that suggest there are additional molecular species of infectious PrP or other agent-associated factors. By combining sPMCA with prion delivery on suitable carrier particles we were able to resolve the apparent discrepancy between the amount of PrPres and infectivity which we were then able to relate to differences in the size distribution of PrP aggregates and consecutive differences in regard to biological clearance. These findings demonstrate that we have designed an experimental set-up yielding in vitro generated prions that are indistinguishable from prions isolated from scrapie-infected hamster brain in terms of proteinase K resistance, autocatalytic conversion activity, and - most notably - specific biological infectivity. 相似文献
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Nitschke C Flechsig E van den Brandt J Lindner N Lührs T Dittmer U Klein MA 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,123(4):367-376
Vaccination against prion diseases constitutes a promising approach for the treatment and prevention of the disease. Passive immunisation with antibodies binding to the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) can protect against prion disease. However, immunotherapeutic strategies with active immunisation are limited due to the immune tolerance against the self-antigen. In order to develop an anti-prion vaccine, we designed a novel DNA fusion vaccine composed of mouse PrP and immune stimulatory helper T-cell epitopes of the tetanus toxin that have previously been reported to break tolerance to other self-antigens. This approach provoked a strong PrP(C)-specific humoral and cellular immune response in PrP null mice, but only low antibody titres were found in vaccinated wild-type mice. Furthermore, prime-boost immunisation with the DNA vaccine and recombinant PrP protein increased antibody titres in PrP null mice, but failed to protect wild-type mice from mouse scrapie. 相似文献
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Scrapie is a prion disease characterised by the accumulation of the pathological associated form of cellular prion protein (PrP(SC)) in the central nervous system. Susceptibility to scrapie is associated with polymorphism in the ovine prion protein (PrP) gene. The European Union has implemented scrapie control programs, relying on selective breeding for scrapie resistance; the use of ARR-carrier and the exclusion of VRQ-carrier were recommended. In this study, 4323 individuals from Rasa Aragonesa Sheep breed were genotyped for the PrP gene and the individual estimated breeding values (EBV) for prolificity were calculated. Most represented PrP alleles do not work against prolificity. Only a significant association between VRQ/VRQ genotype and a lower EBV was observed (p = 0.027, eta2 = 0.002). Therefore, avoiding reproduction of VRQ/VRQ individuals would not cause negative effect regarding prolificity. 相似文献
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The EU Commission issued a regulation in 2003, which requires all member states to implement a breeding programme for resistance to transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in sheep by selecting for specific alleles of the prion protein (PrP) gene. A key concern with regard to this regulation was that the intensive selection programmes, designed to increase resistance to scrapie, may have a negative impact on a range of other economically important production, reproduction, and disease traits in sheep. Such problems could arise for a number of reasons. Firstly, a number of breeds have a low frequency of the resistant PrP allele. Secondly, there may be a negative association between the resistant allele and animal performance. Thirdly, selection for scrapie resistance may reduce the rate of improvement towards current breeding goals. The evidence concerning the relationship between PrP genotype and reproduction, production, and disease traits is the subject of this review. We conclude that there is no evidence for a negative association between PrP genotype and reproduction traits (e.g. litter size), lamb performance traits (e.g. growth rate, conformation, carcass composition) or milk production. There is, however, a distinct paucity of information on the relationship between the PrP gene and disease traits. In this context it is noted that there are a number of genes located on chromosome 13, in close proximity to the PrP gene, that are involved in intracellular cell signalling, apoptosis, phagocytosis, and immune function. Thus further direct studies of key disease traits associated with sheep production systems are warranted. 相似文献
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Recent developments in prion disease research: diagnostic tools and in vitro cell culture models 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Sakudo A Nakamura I Ikuta K Onodera T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(4):329-337
After prion infection, an abnormal isoform of prion protein (PrP(Sc)) converts the cellular isoform of prion protein (PrP(C)) into PrP(Sc). PrP(C)-to-PrP(Sc) conversion leads to PrP(Sc) accumulation and PrP(C) deficiency, contributing etiologically to induction of prion diseases. Presently, most of the diagnostic methods for prion diseases are dependent on PrP(Sc) detection. Highly sensitive/accurate specific detection of PrP(Sc) in many different samples is a prerequisite for attempts to develop reliable detection methods. Towards this goal, several methods have recently been developed to facilitate sensitive and precise detection of PrP(Sc), namely, protein misfolding cyclic amplification, conformation-dependent immunoassay, dissociation-enhanced lanthanide fluorescent immunoassay, capillary gel electrophoresis, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, flow microbead immunoassay, etc. Additionally, functionally relevant prion-susceptible cell culture models that recognize the complexity of the mechanisms of prion infection have also been pursued, not only in relation to diagnosis, but also in relation to prion biology. Prion protein (PrP) gene-deficient neuronal cell lines that can clearly elucidate PrP(C) functions would contribute to understanding of the prion infection mechanism. In this review, we describe the trend in recent development of diagnostic methods and cell culture models for prion diseases and their potential applications in prion biology. 相似文献
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Goldmann W 《Veterinary research》2008,39(4):30
Scrapie, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), and chronic wasting disease (CWD) are prion diseases in ruminants with considerable impact on animal health and welfare. They can also pose a risk to human health and control is therefore an important issue. Prion protein (PrP) genetics may be used to control and eventually eradicate animal prion diseases. The PrP gene in sheep and other representatives of the order Artiodactyles has many polymorphisms of which several are crucial determinants of susceptibility to prion diseases, also known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE). This review will present the current understanding of PrP genetics in ruminants highlighting similarity and difference between the species in the context of TSE. 相似文献