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1.
毛瓣棘豆中苦马豆素的纯化与鉴定   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  
毛瓣棘豆草粉(3.28 kg)经95%乙醇加热回流提取,回收溶剂,浓缩得浸膏。浸膏用蒸馏水混悬,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取;剩余水溶液用HC l酸化后经氯仿萃取,酸水液用NaOH调pH 12~14得碱水液。碱水液依次用氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,得到碱性正丁醇萃取物5.7 g。碱性正丁醇萃取物经硅胶柱层析,用氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱,TLC(薄层色谱)检测,合并相同组份,其中101~200份含有苦马豆素。将101~141份用氨性氯仿处理,减压升华,得到白色针状结晶34 mg。经TLC(薄层色谱)检查、熔点测定和质谱分析可确定该白色针状结晶为苦马豆素。  相似文献   

2.
饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料对肉牛育肥屠宰率影响的调查报告   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  
湿态发酵蛋白饲料是玉米经酵母发酵、提取酒精后,又经益生菌发酵、密封包装的产品。因其可溶性好、易消化吸收、所含的蛋白质量多质优,因此,用于肉牛育肥时,肉牛生长速度较快。通过对饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料育肥牛(15头,来自2个饲养场)的屠宰率与饲喂常规饲料育肥牛的屠宰率(425头,来自24个饲养场)进行统计对比可知,肉牛的屠宰率与屠宰时的体重成高度正相关(R2=0.9528),并且全程饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料育肥牛的屠宰率比饲喂常规饲料育肥牛的屠宰率平均高3.65个百分点,这样1头牛将多收入640元。因此,饲喂湿态发酵蛋白饲料会使肉牛育肥经济效益显著提高。  相似文献   

3.
Endoscopic balloon dilation of benign esophageal strictures was performed in 18 dogs and 10 cats with a median age of 4 years. Stricture formation was associated with a recent anesthetic episode in 18 patients. Regurgitation was the most common clinical sign and was present a median of 4 weeks before dilation. Most animals had a single stricture; median diameter was 5 mm, and median length was 1 cm. Esophagitis and mucosal fibrosis were detected in 9 patients each. Dilation was performed with progressively increasing diameter balloons, from 6 to 20 mm. After dilation, mucosal hemorrhage was mild to moderate in most patients. Esophageal perforation was the only serious complication and occurred in 1 patient. Postdilation therapy consisted of administration of cimetidine, metoclopramide, sucralfate, and prednisone in most animals. The median number of dilation procedures performed in each animal was 2, with a range of 1-5. The median interval between dilations was 13 days. Stricture diameter markedly increased with subsequent dilations. Median duration of follow-up was 131 weeks. A successful outcome occurred in 88% of patients, with most animals able to eat canned, mashed, or dry food without regurgitation. Mucosal fibrosis was associated with a better clinical response score, while increasing age was weakly associated with fewer dilations. The dilation protocol used in this group of animals was safe and efficacious.  相似文献   

4.
重组GP5AB蛋白间接ELISA检测PRRSV抗体方法的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
利用GST-GP5AB重组蛋白作为包被抗原,通过反应条件优化,建立了用于检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)抗体的间接ELISA方法。抗原最适包被浓度为2μg/mL,最佳封闭液为0.15%BSA,37℃封闭2 h后,再4℃封闭24 h,血清最适稀释度为1∶200,其作用时间为60m in,酶标抗体最适稀释度为1∶20 000,最适作用时间为90 m in,37℃显色10 m in,S/P≥0.284为阳性,S/P≤0.26为阴性,介于二者之间为可疑的判定标准。该抗原与猪其他4种临床症状类似的疾病的阳性血清反应呈阴性。批内和批间重复性试验结果,变异系数均小于7%,表明本方法具有较好的特异性和重复性。应用本方法初步检测了一些疫苗免疫仔猪血清样品,并与重组N蛋白和PRRSV抗原同时进行比较,结果显示3种抗原检测的结果基本一致。  相似文献   

5.
A relatively simple and inexpensive thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) method is described for the detection and semiquantitative measurement of ergovaline in leaf sheaths of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Samples were finely ground and extracted with methanol. The extracts were filtered and the methanol was evaporated. The aqueous residue was extracted with hexane, followed by chloroform at pH 9. The chloroform extract was concentrated and further purified on a preparative silica gel TLC plate, developed with toluene/ethyl acetate/acetonitrile (50:10:40). The ergovaline band was scraped and eluted with methanol. The eluant was concentrated and an aliquot was applied to a silica gel TLC plate. The plate was developed successively with chloroform/acetone/acetic acid (90:10:5) and chloroform/ethanol (9:1). Ergovaline was visualized with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and sulfuric acid. Semiquantitation of ergovaline was achieved by comparison with a known standard of ergotamine, which was shown to have the same Rf as ergovaline in this system. Spike recovery of ergotamine averaged 60%, with a limit of detection of 200 microg/kg of dry tall fescue leaf sheaths. The method was applied to 15 tall fescue samples with varying degrees of fungal infection, and ergovaline was identified in all contaminated samples with endophyte infection above 15%. Thin-layer chromatography may be also applicable for tall fescue seed, where the ergovaline content is usually higher and the amount of interfering pigments is much lower.  相似文献   

6.
Orbital infection with Aspergillus fumigatus was diagnosed in a Persian cat that was presented with chronic third eyelid protrusion and exophthalmos. Evidence of nasal, sinus, or disseminated aspergillosis was not detected in this cat. Complete surgical excision of diseased tissues was not possible during orbital exenteration, and infection subsequently extended into the tissues of the oral cavity. Oral therapy with itraconazole and parenteral therapy with amphotericin B were ineffective in resolving the infection. Oral therapy with a novel triazole, posaconazole, was curative.  相似文献   

7.
Epiglottic augmentation with injectable bovine collagen or an autogenous or allogenous auricular cartilage graft was performed in 12 horses with endoscopically and radiographically normal epiglottises. The grafting procedures were easy to perform and did not cause apparent discomfort. Cartilage graft extrusion or resorption may have occurred, but was not seen by endoscopy and lateral laryngeal radiography. Only collagen implants remained evident endoscopically, as smooth round submucosal bulges ventral to the epiglottic cartilage. Two horses with collagen implants, and all horses with cartilage autografts and allografts, were euthanatized at week 16. One horse with a collagen implant was euthanatized at week 4 and one at week 6. The epiglottis appeared thickened in three horses with collagen implants, two horses with autogenous grafts, and three horses with allogenous grafts. Pharyngeal lymphoid tissue was hyperplastic in two horses with autografts and three horses with allografts, but not in horses with collagen implants. Collagen grafts persisted as one or two smooth bulges 8 mm in diameter. Collagen incited a brisk foreign body reaction that was surrounded by a fibrous connective tissue capsule. Epiglottises of the horses with collagen implants were significantly thicker 20 mm from the tip than those of normal horses and horses with allografts. Cartilage graft incorporation was not evident grossly and was seen on microscopic examination in only one autograft. Thickening was caused by submucosal fibrosis.  相似文献   

8.
草原4号苜蓿(Medicago sativa cv.Caoyuan No.4)是对400余份苜蓿原始材料进行抗虫性鉴定,选择优良无性系,并结合抗虫性和配合力测定组配基础群体,通过3次轮回选择育成的抗蓟马苜蓿新品种(登记号:477)。该品种根直立,具有水平生长根;茎直立,有茸毛;叶为三出复叶,表面有茸毛;花紫色;荚果螺旋2~3回;千粒重1.86~2.35g。抗虫性强(为害点系数为0.26,虫情指数为0.33)、抗旱、抗寒、耐瘠薄。在呼和浩特地区可刈割3茬,干草平均产量在12 000~16 000kg·hm~(-2),种子产量达230.90kg·hm~(-2)。粗蛋白质含量在19%左右。适宜在我国华北南部苜蓿蓟马为害严重的各省(区)种植。  相似文献   

9.
为研究拉萨白鸡蛋品质的相关物理性状,对43周龄拉萨白鸡所产的30枚新鲜鸡蛋进行了蛋品质测定及相关分析。结果表明,蛋壳重量与蛋壳颜色呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）;蛋壳强度与蛋重呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）;蛋白重量与蛋壳颜色呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋壳重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与蛋壳率呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）;蛋白率与蛋壳率呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋白重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;蛋黄重量与蛋壳重量、蛋白重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与蛋壳率呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋白率呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;蛋黄率与蛋形指数、蛋黄重量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与蛋壳重量、蛋白重量、蛋白率呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）;蛋黄比色与蛋壳强度呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）;哈氏单位与蛋壳颜色呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋白高度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;蛋壳厚度与蛋壳强度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）;血肉斑与蛋壳强度呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,与哈氏单位呈显著负相关（P〈0.05）,与蛋壳厚度呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）。其他性状间也有相关性,但差异不显著。该研究为拉萨白鸡今后的选育提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

10.
用7组药剂分别对纽荷尔脐橙做浸果处理，处理至135天，结果显示：百可得 咪鲜胺处理组烂果率7.78%，病情指数4.81，防效75.5%；咪鲜胺处理组烂果率13.33%，病情指数8.52，防效56.6%；百可得 抑霉唑处理组烂果率14.44%，病情指数8.15，防效58.48%；清水处理组烂果率30%，病情指数19.63。百可得 咪鲜胺处理组储藏效果最好，其次是咪鲜胺处理组和百可得 抑霉唑处理组。在脐橙的储藏保鲜中推荐使用百可得与咪鲜胺或抑霉唑混配或咪鲜胺单剂。  相似文献   

11.
A protruding nasal mass in a domestic shorthair cat with nasal discharge and recurrent fever was determined to be caused by infection with the fungus Trichosporon pullulans, as determined by cytologic, histologic, and fungal culture methods. Initially, the cat was treated orally with ketoconazole and the mass decreased in size. When signs of hepatotoxicosis developed, treatment was reduced to an alternate-day basis. However, the nasal mass increased in size with this regimen, and therapy with amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine was begun. It also was unsuccessful.  相似文献   

12.
History and presentation A 12 year old, 4.2 kg, domestic long hair, castrated male cat was presented with regurgitation, inability to retract the claws, general weakness, cervical ventroflexion and weight loss. A thymic mass was evident on radiographs. Acetylcholine receptor antibody titer was positive for acquired myasthenia gravis (MG). Thymectomy via midline sternotomy was scheduled. Anesthetic management Oxymorphone and atropine were administered subcutaneously as premedication, and anesthesia was induced with etomidate and diazepam given intravenously to effect. The cat’s trachea was intubated and anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen, and continuous infusions of remifentanil and ketamine. Epidural analgesia with preservative‐free morphine was administered prior to surgery. Postoperative analgesia was provided by oxymorphone subcutaneously, interpleural bupivacaine, and fentanyl infusion. Postoperative complications included airway obstruction, hypoxemia and hypercapnia. Follow‐up The cat was discharged 3 days after surgery. Discharge medications included pyridostigmine and prednisone. Nine days after surgery, the cat had a significant increase in its activity level, and medications were discontinued. Histopathologically, the mass was consistent with a thymoma. Approximately 6 weeks later the cat became weak again and pyridostigmine and prednisone administration was resumed. Conclusion The perioperative management of patients with MG for transsternal thymectomy is a complex task. The increased potential for respiratory compromise requires the anesthesiologist to be familiar with the underlying disease state, and the interaction of anesthetic and non‐anesthetic drugs with MG. Careful monitoring of ventilation and oxygenation is indicated postoperatively.  相似文献   

13.
旨在探究江苏地区荷斯坦牛体细胞数变化模式的影响因素。本研究通过对江苏地区12个奶牛场2017—2019年荷斯坦牛253 706条DHI测定日SCC记录进行分析，在划分9种SCC变化模式基础上，利用最小二乘法探究不同牧场规模、胎次、产犊季节、产犊间隔和305天产奶量对荷斯坦牛SCC变化模式的影响。结果表明，SCC模式在各因素不同水平间分布均有极显著差异（P<0.01）。其中，较低-维持模式在5 000头以上的牧场比例最高，较低-感染模式的比例最低；感染-维持模式在1 000头以下的牧场比例最高，较低-维持模式的比例最低。较低-维持模式在1胎牛的比例最高，感染-痊愈模式的比例最低；较低-感染模式在5胎牛的比例最高，较低-维持模式的比例最低。较低-感染模式在春季产犊时奶牛的比例最高，较低-维持模式的比例最低；易感-降低模式在夏季产犊时奶牛的比例最高，较低-感染模式的比例最低。较低-感染模式在产犊间隔为441 d以上的奶牛比例最高，较低-感染模式在产犊间隔为300~400 d的奶牛比例最低。较低-感染模式在305天产奶量为3 000~5 000 kg的奶牛比例最高；较低-维持模式在305天产奶量为9 001~11 000 kg的奶牛比例最高，感染-痊愈模式的比例最低。上述结果表明，不同牧场规模、胎次、产犊季节、产犊间隔和305天产奶量对荷斯坦牛SCC变化模式的分布均有一定影响，该结果为荷斯坦牛隐性乳房炎的预测提供了参考。  相似文献   

14.
试验选择756羽开产50周龄左右的罗曼褐壳蛋鸡,随机分为7组,试验1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;试验2组饲喂基础日粮+中草药(0.04%);试验3组饲喂基础日粮+中草药(0.04%)+酶制剂(0.01%);试验4组饲喂基础日粮+中草药(0.04%)+酶制剂(0.01%)+抗菌肽(0.1%);试验5组饲喂基础日粮+益生菌(2‰);试验6组饲喂基础日粮+益生菌(2‰)+酶制剂(0.01%);试验7组饲喂基础日粮+益生菌(2‰)+酶制剂(0.01%)+抗菌肽(0.1%)。结果表明,以试验4组效果最好,显著提高了产蛋率(P<0.05),降低了料蛋比(P<0.05),极显著提高了鸡蛋哈氏单位(P<0.01)。同时,与其他试验组相比,试验4组氨基酸总量最高,胆固醇含量最低。因此,推荐在蛋鸡日粮中添加中草药+酶制剂+抗菌肽组合对蛋鸡产蛋性能及蛋品质具有较好的效果。  相似文献   

15.
A paraffin-embedding technique for fluorescent antibody studies of canine distemper encephalitis was developed. Specific fluorescence was demonstrated in all brain tissue from dogs with canine distemper, and when compared with tissue on cryostat sections, the paraffin-embedded tissue showed superior preservation of tissue architecture. The preservation of viral antigen was good, and the appearance of fluorescence in gray- and white-matter lesions was described. In gray matter, extensive fluorescence was found mainly in neurons; fluorescence in white matter was less extensive and was mainly associated with astrocytes.  相似文献   

16.
ObjectivesTo compare red cell distribution width (RDW) between dogs with different causes of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and a control dog population to determine whether RDW was correlated with severity of PH as measured by echocardiography. A further aim was to determine the prognostic significance of increased RDW for dogs with PH.AnimalsForty-four client-owned dogs with PH and 79 control dogs presented to a single tertiary referral institution.MethodsSignalment, clinical pathological and echocardiographic data were obtained retrospectively from the medical records of dogs with PH, and RDW measured on a Cell-Dyn 3500 was compared between dogs with pre- and post-capillary PH and a control population. Referring veterinary surgeons were contacted for follow-up information and Kaplan–Meier analysis was conducted to investigate differences in survival time between affected dogs with different RDW values.ResultsThe RDW was significantly greater in dogs with pre-capillary PH compared to control dogs. There was no difference in median survival times between dogs with PH divided according to RDW values. The RDW was positively correlated with mean corpuscular volume and haematocrit in dogs with PH, but did not correlate with echocardiographic variables.ConclusionsAn association was found between dogs with PH and increased RDW; however there was considerable overlap in values between control dogs and dogs with PH. The RDW was not associated with survival in this study.  相似文献   

17.
The objective of this study was to explore the influence factors of SCC change pattern of Holstein cows in Jiangsu. Based on the division of 9 SCC change patterns, 253 706 DHI records of Holstein cows from 2017 to 2019 in 12 dairy farms in Jiangsu province were analyzed, and the least squares model was used to explore the influence of different farm size, parities, calving seasons, calving intervals, and 305-days milk production on SCC change pattern. The results showed that the distribution of SCC patterns at different levels of each factor was significantly different (P<0.01). Among them, the percentage of lower to maintain pattern was the highest, and lower to infection pattern was the lowest for cows in farm with more than 5 000 cows. The percentage of infected to maintain pattern was the highest, and lower to maintain pattern was the lowest for cows in farm with less than 1 000 cows. The percentage of lower to maintain pattern was the highest, and infected to healed pattern was the lowest for cows with parity 1. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest, and lower to maintain pattern was the lower for cows with parity 5. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest, and lower to maintain pattern was the lowest for cows calving in spring. The percentage of susceptible to reduce pattern was the highest, lower to infection pattern was the lowest for cows calving in summer. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest for cows with calving interval more than 441 d, and lowest for cows with calving interval with 300-400 d. The percentage of lower to infection pattern was the highest for cows with 305-days milk production of 3 000-5 000 kg. The percentage of lower to maintain pattern was the highest, and infected to healed pattern was the lowest for cows with 305-days milk production was 9 001-11 000 kg. The results indicate that different farm sizes, parities, calving seasons, calving interval, and levels with 305-days milk production have certain influences on the distribution of the SCC change patterns in Holstein cows. The results provide references for the prediction of subclinical mastitis in Holstein cows.  相似文献   

18.
以大丽花（Dahlia pinnata）高生型品种‘陇上雄鹰’为试材,研究矮壮素不同施用方式及不同浓度对其生长发育和内源激素含量的影响,并对生长发育指标与内源激素含量进行相关性分析。结果表明,喷施和根施矮壮素均可使大丽花株高矮化,节间缩短,茎粗、叶面积、花径和花瓣数增加,花期延长;营养生长期IAA、GA3含量降低,ABA含量升高;生殖生长期IAA和GA3含量升高,ABA含量降低;且随着施用浓度的增加效果增强。各生长发育指标与内源激素间表现一定的相关性。营养生长期株高与IAA、GA3是极显著正相关（P<0.01）,与ABA是极显著负相关;节间长与IAA是极显著正相关;茎粗与GA3是极显著负相关;叶面积与GA3极显著负相关,与ABA是极显著正相关;生殖生长期花期和花径与IAA、GA3是极显著正相关,与ABA是显著负相关（P<0.01）;花瓣数与GA3是极显著正相关。根施3 000 mg·L-1矮壮素对各指标影响效果最显著。  相似文献   

19.
本研究应用噬菌体抗体库技术筛选禽流感亚型病毒Fab抗体,并建立相应ELISA检测方法。用禽流感亚型混合疫苗免疫小鼠,取其脾脏提取总RNA用于扩增免疫球蛋白轻链和重链基因,克隆至噬菌粒pComb3,然后转化入感受态细胞XL1-Blue中,以1012 CFU辅助噬菌体VCSM13进行感染后,获得Fab抗体库容量为8×107 CFU。以H5N1病毒为抗原进行4轮亲和筛选,获得特异性结合的克隆,利用获得的特异性克隆进行ELISA检测方法的建立。  相似文献   

20.
Bacterial culture and cytology of semen, bacterial culture and cytology of prostatic fluid washings, urinalysis, bacterial culture of urine, and blood leukocyte counts were performed on specimens from dogs with prostatic hyperplasia, chronic prostatitis, or prostatic neoplasia. Hemorrhage was the most frequent abnormal finding in semen from dogs with prostatic hyperplasia. Inflammation was the most frequent abnormal finding in dogs with chronic prostatitis. Bacterial culture of semen was sensitive but not specific for chronic bacterial prostatitis, due to false-positive results from urethral contamination. Hemorrhage was the most frequent abnormal finding in prostatic fluid washings from dogs with prostatic hyperplasia. Inflammation was the most frequent abnormal finding in dogs with chronic prostatitis. Abnormal epithelial cells were found after prostatic massage in 4 dogs with neoplasia, although these cells were difficult to identify as neoplastic. Prostatic fluid washings were not useful for detecting chronic bacterial prostatitis, due to an inability to detect increases in bacterial counts in the fluid when urine bacterial counts were high. Hematuria was the predominant abnormal finding in urinalysis from dogs with hyperplasia and neoplasia. Pyuria was the most frequent abnormal finding in dogs with chronic prostatitis. Urine was usually culture-positive when there was prostatic infection. Blood leukocyte counts were normal in dogs with prostatic hyperplasia and usually normal in dogs with neoplasia. Leukocytosis, a left shift, and toxic white blood cells were predictive of abscessation, although the blood leukocyte count was not a very sensitive indicator for infection without abscessation.  相似文献   

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