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通过检测不同产量香梨园土壤养分和叶片营养元素含量,研究分析库尔勒垦区不同产量香梨果园土壤养分和叶片营养元素含量差异情况及与产量的相关性,为库尔勒垦区香梨园实施科学合理施肥提供科学依据。连续3年在库尔勒垦区二十九团、三十团共选择香梨果园78个,按照采样标准在8月20~25日期间统一采集0~30 cm、30~50 cm和50~80 cm土层土壤养分及香梨树叶片营养元素进行检测和分析,结果表明:(1)在0~30 cm土层中,高产园土壤中的有效铁、有效锌与低产园的差异较显著;在30~50 cm土层中,高产园土壤中有效铁与低产园的差异较显著;在50~80 cm土层中,高产园土壤中的有机质、钙离子、有效铁与中产园的差异较显著,有效铁、有效锰与低产园差异较显著。(2)高产园香梨产量与土壤速效钾在0~30 cm、50~80 cm的土层中相关性较显著,中产园香梨产量与土壤pH值在50~80 cm的土层中相关性较显著,低产园的产量与土壤中有机质、钙离子在0~30 cm土层中的相关性较显著。(3)高产园叶片中磷元素与低产园的差异较显著。(4)高产园香梨产量与叶片中镁、铁呈较显著负相关性,低产园产量与叶片中钙、锰呈较显著负相关。 相似文献
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紫竹等12种观赏竹春季滞尘效应研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
为了多方面定量研究竹类植物的滞尘效应,丰富园林用竹种类和优化竹种配置,通过测定与分析福建农林大学12种观赏竹春季的滞尘效应,采用统计分析的方法从株型、时间、高度3个方面对其单位叶面积滞尘量的变化进行研究。结果表明：不同株型的竹种春季滞尘效应差异显著,小型灌木状竹种比中型灌木状、乔木状、大型乔木状竹种的滞尘效应占有优势。滞尘效应最大的是阔叶箬竹为1.94 g/m2;其次为凤尾竹和小叶琴丝竹,分别为1.46 g/m2和1.42 g/m2;花吊丝竹最小为0.72 g/m2,阔叶箬竹滞尘量是花吊丝竹的2.7倍。阔叶箬竹、紫竹、花吊丝竹在距离地面50 cm处和150 cm处的滞尘效应大于200 cm处。在同一高度水平上,在距离地面200 cm处花毛竹滞尘效应最大。 相似文献
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厚朴(Magnolia officinalis)是一种传统中药,属木兰科木兰属植物,和厚朴酚是从中药厚朴中提取的一种天然酚类活性物质,具有多种药理特性。以前研究结果显示和厚朴酚具有多种心脏保护作用。本研究旨在探讨和厚朴酚对强烈运动小鼠心肌损伤的影响。研究结果表明：与对照组相比,模型组的LVEF [(81.24±5.33)%比(50.31±6.52)%]、SOD [(68.51±8.90) U/mg比(26.71±2.11) U/mg]、GSH-Px [(43.64±3.75) U/mg比(13.42±0.98) U/mg]显著降低,下调Bcl-2 (0.79±0.07比0.23±0.02)蛋白表达;LVESd [(1.37±0.15) mm比(2.94±0.11) mm]、LVIDd [(4.33±0.46) mm比(6.92±0.62) mm]、ROS [(112.31±12.74)μmol/L比(268.74±26.81)μmol/L]、细胞凋亡率[(6.85±0.47)%比(31.24±3.72)%]显著增加,增加TNF-α [(89.78±7.52) pg/mL比(356.95... 相似文献
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《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(20)
以库尔勒香梨为主要原料,经酵母菌接种发酵、蒸馏等工艺最终确定库尔勒香梨白兰地酒的酿造工艺条件。库尔勒香梨白兰地酒的发酵条件为初始糖度26%,发酵温度24℃,酵母菌接种量3%,自然p H值。发酵后的库尔勒香梨白兰地酒经离心分离、壶式蒸馏以及人工催陈,在贮藏过程中添加0.16%橡木片,于50℃下贮藏7 d,然后在-18℃条件下保持3~4 d,交替变温处理。 相似文献
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人面竹等10种观赏竹冬季滞尘效应与规律研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为了对福州市江滨大道的10种观赏竹冬季的滞尘效应进行监测分析,应用直接采样和统计分析的方法对其单位叶面积滞尘量在时间、高度和方向3个方面的变化进行研究。结果表明,滞尘量较高的观赏竹种为唐竹、银丝大眼竹、泰竹、人面竹、绿槽毛竹和早园竹;其中,鼓节竹和青丝黄竹滞尘量在雨后第4天呈现上升趋势,人面竹、绿槽毛竹、黄金间碧竹和银丝大眼竹滞尘量呈现下降趋势,这与竹种叶片大小、分枝形态和栽植形式相符;人面竹、唐竹、绿槽毛竹、黄金间碧竹、早园竹、银丝大眼竹和鼓节竹在距离地面150 cm处单位叶面积滞尘量高于200 cm处,尤以绿槽毛竹、银丝大眼竹和鼓节竹差异显著,斑竹、泰竹、青丝黄竹则相反,但差异不显著,而在同一高度,唐竹滞尘能力最强,黄金间碧竹滞尘能力最差;各个竹种不同方向滞尘量存在差异,这与竹种栽植位置和车辆行驶方向有关。 相似文献
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库尔勒香梨化学锈斑是库尔勒香梨果实在低温贮藏后期普遍发生的一种最严重的生理病害.该病主要症状表现在库尔勒香梨果皮表面(通常是绿色部分)出现不规则且平坦的褐色至深褐色病斑.发病初期病斑面积较小,皮下果肉组织正常,发病后期病斑可蔓延整个果面,部分果肉也随之变褐.病果易染菌而腐烂造成极大经济损失.近年来我国新疆库尔勒香梨年贮量逐年增加,为提高其贮藏品质,延长贮藏期,加强对库尔勒香梨化学锈斑的综合防治显得十分重要.现介绍以下几种防治措施供参考借鉴. 相似文献
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Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
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Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
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Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
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C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
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Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
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D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
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Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
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[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
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E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
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Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献