共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 574 毫秒
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试验旨在研究阿克苏地区引进羊驼的毛绒品质现状。采用相关方法标准对新疆阿克苏地区塔格拉克牧场引进的158只羊驼进行平均纤维直径、毛丛自然长度、净毛率、单纤维强力、原毛油脂含量及卷曲指标的测定,统计分析性别、年龄、被毛颜色对测定指标的影响。结果表明,阿克苏地区引进羊驼毛平均纤维直径23.36μm,毛丛自然长度106.14mm,净毛率80.90%,断裂强力8.04cN,断裂伸长百分比40.11%,原毛油脂含量2.08%,卷曲6.70个/2.5cm。不同性别的羊驼毛丛自然长度、净毛率、原毛油脂含量差异显著(P0.05);不同年龄的羊驼纤维直径、毛丛自然长度、断裂强力及原毛油脂含量差异显著(P0.05);不同被毛颜色的羊驼毛丛自然长度、纤维直径、原毛油脂含量及卷曲差异显著(P0.05)。综上可知,阿克苏地区引进的羊驼在纤维直径、毛丛自然长度方面较优良,且性别、年龄、被毛颜色对羊驼毛纤维遗传性状存在显著影响。 相似文献
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试验旨在研究阿克苏地区引进羊驼的毛绒品质现状。采用相关方法标准对新疆阿克苏地区塔格拉克牧场引进的158只羊驼进行平均纤维直径、毛丛自然长度、净毛率、单纤维强力、原毛油脂含量及卷曲指标的测定，统计分析性别、年龄、被毛颜色对测定指标的影响。结果表明，阿克苏地区引进羊驼毛平均纤维直径23.36 μm，毛丛自然长度106.14 mm，净毛率80.90%，断裂强力8.04 cN，断裂伸长百分比40.11%，原毛油脂含量2.08%，卷曲6.70个/2.5 cm。不同性别的羊驼毛丛自然长度、净毛率、原毛油脂含量差异显著（P<0.05）；不同年龄的羊驼纤维直径、毛丛自然长度、断裂强力及原毛油脂含量差异显著（P<0.05）；不同被毛颜色的羊驼毛丛自然长度、纤维直径、原毛油脂含量及卷曲差异显著（P<0.05）。综上可知，阿克苏地区引进的羊驼在纤维直径、毛丛自然长度方面较优良，且性别、年龄、被毛颜色对羊驼毛纤维遗传性状存在显著影响。 相似文献
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本研究旨在了解不同地区、不同部位羊驼毛品质的差异，为羊驼选育及羊驼毛生产提供参考数据。采集新疆野生动物园、新疆阿勒泰、新疆阿克苏、山西、天津地区羊驼颌、颈、肩、侧、股、背、腹部位共636份毛样，进行平均纤维直径、毛丛长度、净毛率、单纤维强力、有髓毛含量、无髓毛含量等性状的测定，分析不同地区及不同部位毛品质性状的差异，并进行最小二乘分析。结果表明，不同地区羊驼毛平均纤维直径、白度、亮度、原毛油脂含量、净毛率、毛丛自然长度、单纤维强力、断裂伸长百分比、有髓毛含量、无髓毛含量均存在极显著差异（P<0.01）；不同取样部位羊驼毛纤维直径、原毛油脂含量、毛丛自然长度、单纤维强力、含杂率存在极显著差异（P<0.01），无髓毛含量和有髓毛含量存在显著差异（P<0.05）。以羊驼毛细度越细毛品质越优为准，结合单纤维强力、毛丛自然长度等性状，羊驼不同部位的毛纤维质量从高到低依次为：背、侧、股、肩、颈、颌及腹部。在育种中可将提高无髓毛含量作为新疆羊驼毛细度的选育目标，将提高净毛率和单纤维强力作为山西、天津羊驼毛育种方向，同时可考虑提高羊驼颈、颌、腹部的无髓毛含量，以提高羊驼整体毛品质水平。 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2021,(6)
为揭示羊驼不同部位毛性状的差异性及取样部位与羊驼毛品质性状的相关性,实验选取天津羊驼养殖场30只周岁母羊驼,分别从颈、肩、侧、股、背、腹6个体表部位共采集180份毛样,测定纤维直径、长度、单纤维强力、断裂伸长率、无髓毛含量、有髓毛含量,并进行正态分布检验和相关性分析。结果显示:各性状均符合正态分布,且背部毛最细(20.92μm),肩部毛丛最长(128.83 mm),腹部单纤维强力最大(6.12 cN),背部无髓毛含量最多(67.02%);相关性分析发现羊驼毛各部位间的纤维直径与长度均呈正相关,纤维直径与无髓毛含量均呈负相关,与有髓无髓毛比均呈正相关,毛丛长度与有髓无髓毛比呈正相关;而多重比较显示背部、侧部和肩部的羊驼毛较优质,综合品质较好,因此在育种工作中应加强对羊驼背部、侧部和肩部的驼毛进行选育;同时考虑对羊驼毛细度、长度和无髓毛进行选择,达到平衡育种,可能提高羊驼全身毛品质的一致性。 相似文献
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《家畜生态学报》2021,42(7)
研究旨在了解不同毛色间(白色、黑色、驼色、棕色、其他)毛品质性状的差异,为羊驼选育提供参考数据。对275只具有不同被毛颜色的羊驼进行毛样采集,并且进行方差分析、多重比较及相关性分析。结果表明,羊驼不同被毛颜色对平均纤维直径、白度、亮度、黄度、毛丛自然长度、单纤维强力和断裂伸长百分比存在着极显著影响(P0.01);驼色羊驼毛平均纤维直径最小、毛丛自然长度最大,白色羊驼毛的白度、亮度和断裂伸长百分比最大,相关性分析结果显示白色、黑色、驼色、棕色、其他毛色羊驼毛的平均纤维直径与单纤维强力呈极显著正相关(P0.01);不同颜色羊驼毛的亮度与白度均呈极显著正相关(P0.01);白色、驼色羊驼毛的黄度与白度、亮度均呈极显著负相关(P0.01),黑色羊驼毛的黄度与白度、亮度均呈极显著正相关(P0.01)。研究结果说明,驼色和白色羊驼毛更为优质,在实际生产中可将驼色和白色被毛作为选育目标,或扩大驼色被毛和白色被毛羊驼的数量,并且在改善羊驼毛平均纤维直径的同时兼顾纤维强力、亮度、白度性状的选育,达到平衡育种,以期生产出更多、更优质的羊驼毛。 相似文献
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本试验采用相关国家方法标准对321只羊驼毛绒样品开展了纤维细度及单纤维强力参数的检测,旨在分析羊驼毛纤维细度、单纤维强力及二者之间的相关性。结果表明,羊驼侧部毛纤维平均细度为24.30 μm,细度主体范围为18.01~27.00 μm,占样本总量的72%;平均纤维强力为8.31 cN,主体范围为5.01~11.00 cN,占样本总量的88%,说明羊驼毛整体细度较细,强力可满足纺织加工要求。羊驼毛细度和单纤维强力相关性分析发现,不同性别、年龄的羊驼颈部、肩部、股部、腹部、侧部、背部6个不同部位细度、单纤维强力都反映为背部最细,单纤维强力最小,腹部细度最粗,单纤维强力最大;另外,从羊驼毛不同细度区间对应单纤维强力分布也可看出,羊驼毛的单纤维强力值越大其细度值越大,反之越小;除此之外,不同性别、年龄的羊驼毛细度对应单纤维强力也呈正相关,成年羊驼毛细度粗于周岁羊驼,公羊驼毛细度粗于母羊驼,成年羊驼单纤维强力大于周岁羊驼,公羊驼单纤维强力大于母羊驼。综合以上结果,说明羊驼毛细度与单纤维强力呈正相关。 相似文献
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羊毛纤维直径、细度标准差与细度离散是体现毛细度的重要参数。以中国美利奴羊（新疆军垦型）超细毛品系、A品系、B品系、毛用多胎品系和肉用多胎品系为试验对象,测定毛纤维直径、细度标准差和细度离散系数,分析各品系羊毛细度特点并作相关分析。结果表明,超细毛品系羊毛纤维直径最小,其毛纤维直径、细度标准差和细度离散系数显著低于其它品系（P〈0.05）。毛纤维直径随着年龄的增加逐渐变大,细度标准差和细度离散随着年龄的增加变化不显著。相关分析表明,毛纤维直径与年龄及细度标准差呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,细度标准差与细度离散呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）。说明纤维直径越小,细度标准差越小,毛品质越好,各品系羊的毛细度特点与培育目标一致,其中,超细毛品系羊毛品质最好。 相似文献
9.
毛肉兼用家畜——羊驼 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
羊驼（ Alpaca）是南美洲的一种驼科动物，是秘鲁、玻利维亚等国的主要放牧家畜，现存数量 350多万只，由于羊驼适应性和耐粗饲性能非常强，在南美海拔 4 000m左右安第斯高原地区，利用那里的高山劣质草场饲养羊驼，已是当地国民经济中的重要产业。由于羊驼的发展前景看好，澳大利亚、美国、新西兰等国都兴起了羊驼饲养热潮。近 10年来澳大利亚采用引进及培育的方法，将羊驼发展到现在的 10多万只。实践证明，低海拔地区及荒漠地区利用农作物秸秆及牛羊不能利用的灌木草丛饲养羊驼，可以取得良好的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。 1羊驼是… 相似文献
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ZHANG Min ZHENG Wenxin WANG Le GAO Weiming CHEN Huafeng GONG Ping HU Xin GAO Yang KUMUS&# Habuduola AYGL&# Yusufu 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(11):3602-3610
The purpose of this study was to understand the difference in the quality of alpaca wool in different regions and parts,and to provide reference data for alpaca breeding and alpaca wool production.In this study,a total of 636 wool samples of alpaca jaw,neck,shoulder,side,thigh,back and abdomen were collected from Xinjiang Wild Animal Park,Altay,Aksu,Shanxi,and Tianjin regions,and the traits such as mean fiber diameter,length,net wool rate,single fiber strength,medullated wool content and non-medullated wool content were measured.The differences of wool quality traits in different regions and parts were analyzed,and least squares analysis was performed.The results showed that there were extremely significant differences in alpaca mean fiber diameter,whiteness,brightness,fat content,net wool rate,wool length,single fiber strength,breaking elongation,and presence or absence of myelin wool content in different regions (P<0.01).There were extremely significant or significant differences in alpaca mean fiber diameter,raw wool grease,length,single fiber strength,and impurity content (P<0.01),and the content of medullated wool and non-medullated wool (P<0.05) in different sampling locations.According to the principle that the finer the alpaca wool was,the better the alpaca wool quality was,combined with the properties of single fiber strength and the length,the order of the alpaca wool quality of the different parts from high to low was:Back>side>thigh>shoulder>neck>jaw>abdomen.In breeding,the improvement of the non-medullated wool content could be regarded as the breeding goal of Xinjiang alpaca wool fineness,and the improvement of net wool rate and single fiber strength could be taken as the direction of the alpaca wool quality in Shanxi and Tianjin.At the same time,it could be considered to increase the non-medullated wool content of the alpaca's neck,jaw,and abdomen,in order to improve the overall wool quality of alpaca. 相似文献
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通过氰仿／异戊醇法从羊驼血液和组织中提取羊驼基因组DNA，首次扩增出羊驼PRLR基因（Prolactin Receptor，PRLR）exon10序列（GenBank登录号为DQ206831），并与其它动物相应区域作了同源性比较，结果表明：羊驼PRLR基因exon10的开放阅读框为1133bp，包括1046bp的编码区和87bp的拖尾区；同源性比较显示，羊驼PRLR基因exon10的核苷酸序列与哺乳动物（牛、绵羊、猪、狗、兔、大鼠等）的同源性较高，达80％，氨基酸序列的同源性则≥66％，而与鱼类的同源性则较低，仅为40％～45％。 相似文献
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K. E. Moore S. K. Maloney J. L. Vaughan J. T. B. Milton D. Blache 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2013,97(6):1084-1090
Sulphur‐containing amino acids are a crucial requirement for fibre production and may be supplemented in the diet of fibre‐producing animals to stimulate fibre growth. The alpaca fibre industry is a developing industry in Australia with high variability in fibre production. To date, there is no evidence whether supplementing the diet of alpacas with sulphur amino acids improves fibre production. We hypothesised that supplementation with the rumen‐protected sulphur amino acid, methionine would increase fibre growth in alpacas. Three groups of eight huacaya alpaca wethers were fed daily a maintenance diet supplemented with 0, 2 or 4 g of rumen‐protected methionine for 7 weeks. Fibre samples were taken at the beginning and end of the study with a blood sample taken by jugular venipuncture prior to feeding on the first day of each week. Methionine supplementation had no effect on fibre diameter (p = 0.92), fibre length (p = 0.91) or fibre yield (p = 0.33). The change of season over the study affected plasma glucose (p < 0.001), plasma urea nitrogen (p < 0.001) and fibre diameter (p < 0.001). The indifference between groups may be due to the maintenance diet supplying sufficient levels of methionine, the lack of genetic potential of the experimental animals to respond to additional methionine or that the supplemental methionine was not protected in alpacas and deaminated for glucose production. 相似文献
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《中国畜牧杂志》2019,(10)
本研究旨在估计高山美利奴羊重要经济性状的遗传参数,为优化高山美利奴羊选育方案、建设品种完整结构、进行遗传评估及实施育种值选种提供理论技术支撑。采用甘肃省绵羊繁育技术推广站2003—2018年高山美利奴羊核心群数据资料,基于ASReml运用单性状个体动物模型和多性状个体动物模型估计高山美利奴羊体重、产羔数、产毛量、净毛量、净毛率、羊毛纤维直径、羊毛纤维直径变异系数、毛丛长度等重要经济性状的遗传参数。结果表明:高山美利奴羊产羔数为低等遗传力,其他所有性状均为中高等遗传力;大部分经济性状间呈正遗传相关,体重、产毛量、羊毛纤维直径与净毛率间呈负遗传相关,羊毛纤维直径变异系数与体重、产毛量、纤维直径呈负遗传相关。 相似文献
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Rosanne Gilbert Michelle Kutzler Beth A Valentine Stacy Semevolos 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2006,18(6):605-607
An 8-year-old intact female Huacaya alpaca (Lama pacos) was presented for recent development of male behavior. Serum testosterone concentration was determined to be 969.1 pg/ml by using radioimmunoassay, while the range in 33 healthy female adult intact alpacas was 11.7-62.1 pg/ml. An ovarian mass was suspected, and an exploratory laparotomy was performed. A tan mass was present on the left ovary. Histologically, the mass was composed of closely packed, plump, polygonal cells with central round nuclei with granular chromatin and abundant eosinophilic finely granular to vesiculate cytoplasm. An ovarian benign interstitial (Leydig) cell tumor was diagnosed. 相似文献
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羊驼生殖器官的解剖与生殖生理学特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了羊驼生殖器官的解剖结构与发情、排卵、交配、妊娠和分娩等生殖生理学特征及生殖相关问题。雄性羊驼生殖器官主要特征是睾丸相对较小,缺精囊腺,阴囊位置靠近肛门,阴茎为纤维性类型,阴茎形成S形弯曲,交配时伸出包皮,包皮口朝后,排尿时尿流向后方。雌性羊驼生殖器官主要特征是子宫为双角子宫,子宫颈皱襞不发达,子宫黏膜结构与猪和马的相似。羊驼为单胎动物,交配诱导排卵,通常是单个排卵,即仅有一个卵泡破裂。雌性羊驼无明显的发情表现,性成熟母羊驼空怀状态随时接受交配,交配为卧式交配。妊娠率较高,妊娠与否可以通过多种妊娠检测方法来确定;自然情况下很少有难产发生,遇有特殊情况才需要助产。 相似文献
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Effects of mating behaviour and the ovarian follicular state of female alpacas on conception 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
OBJECTIVE: To determine relationships between mating behaviour, ovarian follicular state and successful conception in receptive female alpacas. PROCEDURE: Seventy pen matings were observed at a commercial alpaca stud in south-western Victoria. The behaviours observed included time taken to assume sternal recumbency, mating duration, and evidence of nonreceptive behaviour such as spitting, kicking and vocalisation. Ovarian follicular state was determined by ultrasonography, which was complemented by measuring plasma concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone. Pregnancies were confirmed by transabdominal ultrasonography between days 45 and 80 after mating. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between receptive females that conceived and those that failed to conceive in the time taken to adopt the copulation position of sternal recumbency, mating duration, or maximum follicle diameter. There was no significant relationship between time taken to assume sternal recumbency (log10) and maximum follicle diameter or plasma oestradiol (log10). However, there was a significant quadratic relationship between plasma oestradiol concentration (log10) and follicle diameter, and the probability of pregnancy increased as the plasma concentration of oestradiol (log10) at the time of mating increased. Females were sexually receptive most of the time in the absence of a corpus luteum, and regardless of size of the largest follicle or plasma concentration of oestradiol. Breed (Huacaya vs Suri), site of the dominant follicle (left or right ovary), lactation state, number of matings by the male (1 or 2), or interval between parturition and mating, did not affect pregnancy outcome. Follicles with a diameter less than 7 mm were able to ovulate in response to mating. This was smaller than previously reported. Thirty-four pregnancies (49% pregnancy rate) resulted in 30 (88%) births with a gestation length of 343 days (SEM +/- 2, range 316-367 days). There were 4 (12%) abortions between days 45 and 80 of gestation and full term. CONCLUSION: It was not possible to correlate mating behaviour and ovarian state with conception. To optimise pregnancy rates in receptive alpacas, matings need to occur in the presence of an oestrogenic follicle that is capable of ovulation in response to mating. A simple method of detecting alpacas with follicles in this state is not currently available and treatments that control ovarian follicular growth should therefore be investigated. 相似文献
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本试验旨在比较不同数据结构和单性状动物模型对高山美利奴羊（14月龄）重要数量性状遗传参数估计的影响，筛选出估计体重、产毛量、净毛率、净毛量、羊毛纤维直径、羊毛纤维直径变异系数和羊毛长度7个重要经济性状遗传参数的最适模型，准确估计遗传力并为下一步遗传评定奠定基础。使用R语言数据整理相关函数将涉及20 720只14月龄高山美利奴羊数据按系谱完整度和数据量分为数据集1和数据集2。采用R语言ANOVA分析检验鉴定年份、出生类型（单胎或双胎）、群别、性别4个非遗传因素在两个数据集中的显著性，将极显著效应（P < 0.01）放入动物模型中作为固定效应。将两个数据集和两个单性状动物模型组合得到4个模型，其中模型1、模型2分别使用数据集1、数据集2，随机效应为个体加性遗传效应、残差效应；模型3、模型4分别使用数据集1、数据集2，随机效应为个体加性遗传效应、个体永久环境效应和残差效应。用ASReml4软件实现方差组分估计。通过AIC准则、BIC准则评价各模型，用LRT检验比较各模型。最后，针对各性状选出最适模型进行遗传力估计。结果显示：①非遗传效应显著性检验得到鉴定年份和群别对数据集1和数据集2中所有性状均极显著（P < 0.01），出生类型对体重和数据集1中产毛量极显著（P < 0.01），性别仅对体重反应极显著（P < 0.01）。②各模型估计的体重遗传力为0.1614~0.2392；产毛量遗传力为0.1958~0.3254；净毛率遗传力为0.4395~0.5539；净毛量遗传力为0.2003~0.2393；羊毛纤维直径遗传力为0.4024~0.5897；羊毛纤维直径变异系数遗传力为0.3174~0.6077；毛长遗传力为0.2960~0.3669。③似然比检验结果表明，模型1和模型3对所有性状差异均不显著（P > 0.05）；模型1和模型4对体重和毛长差异极显著（P < 0.01）；模型2和模型3对净毛量差异极显著（P < 0.01），对其他性状差异不显著（P > 0.05）；模型2和模型4对所有性状差异不显著（P > 0.05）。最终得到对净毛量最适模型为模型1，体重、产毛量、净毛率、羊毛纤维直径、羊毛纤维直径变异系数、毛长的最适模型为模型2。所有性状受个体永久环境影响均不显著（P > 0.05）。基于最适模型估计高山美利奴羊（14月龄）体重、产毛量、净毛率、净毛量、羊毛纤维直径、羊毛纤维直径变异系数、毛长遗传力分别为0.2392、0.3254、0.4394、0.2893、0.4222、0.3175、0.3670。 相似文献