共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 484 毫秒
1.
采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(Gas Chromatography-Ion Mobility Spectrometry,GC-IMS)测定不同加工工艺即食烤鱼的挥发性成分,分析比较不同工艺生产的即食型烤鱼的风味差异.结果表明:4组烤鱼样品共检测鉴定出50种挥发性物质,包括醇类、酮类、醛类、烃类和酯类.TK样品(炭烤)主要挥发性成分为醛酮类,如3-甲基丁醛、苯乙醛、丁醛、6-甲基-5-庚烯二酮等;样品P1(油炸8 min,140℃)主要挥发性物质与炭烤样品部分相同,除醛酮类外,还包括烯类,如α-松油烯、顺-罗勒烯、柠檬烯等;样品P2(油炸6 min,160℃)的挥发性物质主要为二氢-(3H)-呋喃酮、2,3-丁二酮等;样品P3(油炸4 min,180℃)的主要挥发性物质与P2部分相同,包括M-2-庚酮、1-辛烯-3-醇、呋喃酮等.以TK为参照,P1、P2、P3组样品与TK组样品特征挥发性成分有明显差异,P2与P3挥发性物质种类较为相似.通过主成分(PCA)对比分析,贡献率达90％,样本特征差异明显.通过GC-IMS对即食烤鱼挥发性风味成分分析,对烤鱼工艺改进、优化产品风味有较好的应用价值. 相似文献
2.
《农产品加工．学刊》2017,(5)
以新鲜的小公鱼为原料,探讨小公鱼方便食品的加工工艺,对盐渍条件、调味配方、油炸条件、杀菌条件等工艺进行了研究。结果表明,以湿盐渍腌制法效果为最好,其最佳工艺条件为盐质量分数5%,浸泡时间20 min;调味时间20 min;油炸温度195℃,油炸时间55 s;杀菌温度121℃,杀菌时间10 min。采用正交试验确定最佳配方为白砂糖10%,食盐6%,辣椒2%,料酒10%,胡椒1%,八角1%,花椒0.5%,在此条件下制得小公鱼方便食品色泽、风味、咀嚼口感好。 相似文献
3.
以泰州本地养殖小龙虾为主要原料,加工成即食椒盐小龙虾,以感官评分为评价指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面设计对即食椒盐小龙虾的油炸温度、油炸时间、椒盐添加量进行优化,并对加工成的产品营养成分进行测定。结果表明,即食椒盐小龙虾的最佳工艺参数为：油炸温度170 ℃,油炸时间2.5 min,椒盐添加量2.0%,加工成的即食椒盐小龙虾经电子束灭菌后,色泽鲜亮有光泽,虾肉有弹性,风味好,感官评分98.2分,与模型预测一致,验证了模型的可靠性。25 ℃恒温条件下,货架期为24 d。 相似文献
4.
栅栏技术优化即食调味罗非鱼片工艺的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为得到风味良好无"土腥味"的罗非鱼即食鱼片,以罗非鱼肉为原料,研究了前处理、烘干方式、杀菌方法、pH值、水分活度和低温处理等多种栅栏因子对即食调味罗非鱼片工艺的影响。结果表明,经质量分数3%的食盐清洗,醋酸调节pH值5.6~5.7,调味后烫煮,产品水分含量45%~50%,水分活度为0.88~0.90,真空包装后低温处理48 h,巴氏杀菌(80~85℃,30 min),可得到美味的休闲即食调味罗非鱼片。 相似文献
5.
以新鲜龙头鱼为试材,开展去腥、漂洗、预烘及油炸等工艺参数研究。结果表明,新鲜龙头鱼通过0.5%NaCl+0.1%HCl浸泡1 h,流动漂洗45 min,预烘2 h,在温度为105℃,真空度为0.92 MPa下油炸40 min,可得松脆可口的制品。真空条件下脱油效果明显优于常压条件,脱油率为27.9%。 相似文献
6.
7.
以猪肉为原料,采用盐水注射后蒸制工艺代替传统煮制工艺,烘烤工艺代替炒松工艺,通过单因素试验及正交试验,探讨腌制时间、蒸制时间、烘烤时间和烘烤温度对猪肉松感官品质的影响。旨在最大程度上保留肉松营养价值,缩短肉松制作时间并改进猪肉松加工工艺。结果表明,当腌制时间20 min,蒸制时间2.5 h,烘烤时间6 min,烘烤温度80℃时,加工总时间缩短了4～5 h,猪肉松的感官品质最好,香味浓郁、色泽棕黄、外形蓬松。 相似文献
8.
《农产品加工．学刊》2016,(4)
为研制一种调味罗非鱼片,以新鲜罗非鱼为原料进行罗非鱼片调味配方的研究,以及腌制条件、干燥条件的优化,确定最佳调味配方及最优的工艺条件。结果表明,最佳调味配方(以质量分数计)为5%食盐、1%甘草、8%白砂糖、3%绿茶、17%生姜、6%辣椒粉;最优工艺条件为腌制时间3 h,腌制温度20℃,混合腌制及干燥温度60℃,干燥时间8 h;产品表面色泽均匀、质地柔软,具有罗非鱼特有的香味。 相似文献
9.
《农产品加工．学刊》2019,(23)
以罗非鱼鱼糜和黄豆粉为主要原料,研制一款营养丰富、动植物蛋白均衡搭配的即食鱼香脆片。以感官评价为标准,研究鱼香脆片最佳配方和加工工艺。结果表明,以20 g鱼糜为基础,当加入黄豆粉12 g,淀粉1.5 g,黄油2.1 g,白砂糖1.4 g,含水量26 g,铺料厚度4 mm,在85℃下烘烤85 min时,即食鱼香脆片的脆性、硬度、口感最佳;产品脆性16.325 N/mm,硬度17.2 N,蛋白质、脂肪、膳食纤维、灰分、水分含量分别为24.9%,17.9%,2.2%,3.1%,3.56%。 相似文献
10.
11.
Biological Activity and Quantification of Suspected Allelochemicals from Alfalfa Plant Parts 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
Autotoxicity restricts reseeding of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) after alfalfa until autotoxic chemical(s) breaks down or is dispersed into external environments. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and seeds of alfalfa ‘Vernal’ were bioassayed against alfalfa seedlings of the same cultivar to determine their autotoxicity. The highest inhibition was found in the extracts from the leaves. Extracts at 40 g dry tissue l?1 from alfalfa leaves were 15.4, 17.5 and 28.7 times more toxic to alfalfa root growth than were those from roots, stems and seeds, respectively. A high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis with nine standard compounds showed that the concentrations and compositions of allelopathic compounds depended on the plant parts. In leaf extracts that showed the most inhibitory effect on root growth, the highest amounts of allelochemicals were detected. Among nine phenolic compounds assayed for their phytotoxicity on root growth of alfalfa, coumarin, trans‐cinnamic acid and o‐coumaric acid at 10?3 m were most inhibitory. The type and amount of causative allelochemicals found in alfalfa plant parts were highly correlated with the results of the bioassay, indicating that the autotoxic effects of alfalfa plant parts significantly differed. 相似文献
12.
C. J. Spurr D. A. Fulton P. H. Brown R. J. Clark 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2002,188(4):275-280
Development of onion (Allium cepa L., cv. ‘Early Cream Gold’) seed under cool climate conditions in Tasmania, Australia occurred over a longer duration than previously reported, but similar patterns of change in yield components were recorded. In contrast to previous studies, umbel moisture content declined from 85 to 67 % over 57 days while seed moisture content decreased from 85 to 31 %. Seed yield continued to increase over the duration of crop development, with increasing seed weight compensating for seed loss resulting from capsule dehiscence in the later stages of maturation. Germination percentage was high and did not vary significantly from 53 to 77 days after full bloom (DAF), but mean germination time declined and uniformity of germination increased significantly over the same time period. The percentage abnormal seedlings declined with later harvest date, resulting in highest seed quality at 77 DAF. The results of this study suggest that the decision to harvest cool climate onion seed crops before capsule dehiscence will result in a loss of potential seed yield and quality. 相似文献
13.
Jens Jensen 《Euphytica》1979,28(1):47-56
Summary The high-lysine gene in Risø mutant 1508 conditions an increased lysine content in the endosperm via a changed protein composition, a decreased seed size, and several other characters of the seed. The designation lys3a, lys3b, and lys3c, is proposed for the allelic high-lysine genes in three Risø mutants, nos 1508, 18, and 19. Linkage studies with translocations locate the lys3 locus in the centromere region of chromosome 7. A linkage study involving the loci lys3 and ddt (resistance to DDT) together with the marker loci fs (fragile stem), s (short rachilla hairs), and r (smooth awn) show that the order of the five loci on chromosome 7 from the long to the short chromosome arm is r, s, fs, lys3, ddt. The distance from locus r to locus ddt is about 100 centimorgans. 相似文献
14.
Hongyan WEI Jian ZHOU Jinguang LU Jingzheng SONG Qiongxi YU Zhihong JIANG 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):27-29
[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a QAMS(quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker)method for simultaneous determination of four phenol... 相似文献
15.
Chunli TANG Fengxian ZHAO Hongxia CHEN Jiabao MA Jiangcun WEI Meiyan QIU Zhen XIE 《Medicinal Plant》2019,(6):60-65
[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination... 相似文献
16.
D. A. Bond G. J. Jellis G. G. Rowland J. Le Guen L. D. Robertson S. A. Khalil L. Li-Juan 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):151-166
Progress is being made, mainly by ICARDA but also elsewhere, in breeding for resistance to Botrytis, AScochyta, Uromyces, and Orobanche; and some lines have resistance to more than one pathogen. The strategy is to extend multiple resistance but also to seek new and durable forms of resistance. Internationally coordinated programs are needed to maintain the momentum of this work.Tolerance of abiotic stresses leads to types suited to dry or cold environments rather than broad adaptability, but in this cross-pollinated species, the more hybrid vigor expressed by a cultivar, the more it is likely to tolerate various stresses. 相似文献
17.
Summary Apple and pear pollen was irradiated with doses of 0, 50, 100, 250 and 500 krad (gamma rays) and stored at 4°C and 0–10% r.h. From the in-vitro germination percentages an average LD 50 dose of about 220 krad was estimated. For both irradiated and untreated pollen a close and corresponding lineair relationship existed between germination percentage and pollen tube growth.Irradiated pollen was much more sensitive to dry storage conditions than untreated pollen, resulting in less germination and more bursting. Apparently, irradiation caused the pollen cell membrane to lose its flexibility faster than normal. Rehydration of dry-stored, irradiated pollen in water-saturated air restored germination percentages up to their initial levels. The importance of this procedure in germination trials is stressed. 相似文献
18.
[Objectives] To determine the optimum extraction technology for total phenols of leaves in Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.[Methods]The single factor test and ortho... 相似文献
19.
E. Keep 《Euphytica》1986,35(3):843-855
Summary Cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) is described in the F1 hybrids Ribes × carrierei (R. glutinosum albidum × R. nigrum) and R. sanguineum × R. nigrum. In backcrosses to R. nigrum, progenies with R. glutinosum cytoplasm were either all male sterile, or segregated for full male fertility (F) and complete (S) and partial (I) male sterility. Ratios of F:I+S suggested that two linked genes controlled cms, F plants being dominant for one (Rf
1) and recessive for the other (Rf
2).Segregation for cms in relation to three linded genes, Ce (resistance to the gall mite, Cecidophyopsis ribes), Sph
3(resistance to American gooseberry mildew, Sphaerotheca mors-uvae) and Lf
1(one of two dominant additive genes controlling early season leafing out) indicated that Rf
1and Rf
2were in this linkage group. The gene order and approximate crossover values appeared to be: % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafiart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXafv3ySLgzGmvETj2BSbqef0uAJj3BZ9Mz0bYu% H52CGmvzYLMzaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqr1ngBPrgifHhDYfgasa% acOqpw0xe9v8qqaqFD0xXdHaVhbbf9v8qqaqFr0xc9pk0xbba9q8Wq% Ffea0-yr0RYxir-Jbba9q8aq0-yq-He9q8qqQ8frFve9Fve9Ff0dme% aabaqaciGacaGaamqadaabaeaafaaakeaacaWGdbGaamyzamaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGWaGaaiOlaiaacgdacaGG0aGaaiiiaiaacc% caaaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaamOuaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaaccdacaGGUaGaaiOmaiaacs% dacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaaaacaWGsbGaamOzaSGa% aGOmaOWaaWaaaeaacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccaaaGaamitaiaadAgaliaaigdakmaamaaa% baGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacc% cacaGGGaGaaiiiaiaacccacaGGGaaaaiaadofacaWGWbGaamiAaSGa% aG4maaaa!6E4D!\[Ce\underline { 0.14 } Rf1\underline { 0.24 } Rf2\underline { } Lf1\underline { } Sph3\]. Crossover values of 0.36 for Ce-Lf
1, and 0.15 for Lf
1-Sph
3were estimated from the relative mean differences in season of leafing out between seedlings dominant and recessive for Ce and Sph
3.It is suggested that competitive disadvantage of lf
1-carrying gametes and/or zygotes at low temperatures may be implicated in the almost invariable deficit of plants dominant for the closely linked mildew resistance allele Sph
3. Poor performance of lf
1- (and possibly lf
2-) carrying gametes and young zygotes during periods of low temperature at flowering might also account for the liability of some late season cultivars and selections to premature fruit drop (running off). 相似文献
20.
Parasitic angiosperms cause great losses in many important crops under different climatic conditions and soil types. The most widespread and important parasitic angiosperms belong to the genera Orobanche, Striga, and Cuscuta. The most important economical hosts belong to the Poaceae, Asteraceae, Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Fabaceae. Although some resistant cultivars have been identified in several crops, great gaps exist in our knowledge of the parasites and the genetic basis of the resistance, as well as the availability of in vitro screening techniques. Screening techniques are based on reactions of the host root or foliage. In vitro or greenhouse screening methods based on the reaction of root and/or foliar tissues are usually superior to field screenings and can be used with many species. To utilize them in plant breeding, it is necessary to demonstrate a strong correlation between in vitro and field data. The correlation should be calculated for every environment in which selection is practiced. Using biochemical analysis as a screening technique has had limited success. The reason seems to be the complex host-parasite interactions which lead to germination, rhizotropism, infection, and growth of the parasite. Germination results from chemicals produced by the host. Resistance is only available in a small group of crops. Resistance has been found in cultivated, primitive and wild forms, depending on the specific host-parasite system. An additional problem is the existence of pathotypes in the parasites. Inheritance of host resistance is usually polygenic and its transfer is slow and tedious. Molecular techniques have yet to be used to locate resistance to parasitic angiosperms. While intensifying the search for genes that control resistance to specific parasitic angiosperms, the best strategy to screen for resistance is to improve the already existing in vitro or greenhouse screening techniques. 相似文献